A specific structure and high richness characterize intestinal microbiota of HIV-exposed seronegative individuals

ABSTRACT: Intestinal microbiota facilitates food breakdown for energy metabolism and influences the immune response, maintaining mucosal homeostasis. Overall, HIV infection is associated with intestinal dysbiosis and immune activation, which has been related to seroconversion in HIV-exposed individuals. However, it is unclear whether microbiota dysbiosis is the cause or the effect of immune alterations and disease progression or if it could modulate the risk of acquiring the HIV infection. We characterize the intestinal microbiota and determine its association with immune regulation in HIV-exposed seronegative individuals (HESN), HIV-infected progressors (HIV+), and healthy control (HC) subjects. For this, feces and blood were collected. The microbiota composition of HESN showed a significantly higher alpha (p = 0.040) and beta diversity (p = 0.006) compared to HC, but no differences were found compared to HIV+. A lower Treg percentage was observed in HESN (1.77%) than HC (2.98%) and HIV+ (4.02%), with enrichment of the genus Butyrivibrio (p = 0.029) being characteristic of this profile. Moreover, we found that Megasphaera (p = 0.017) and Victivallis (p = 0.0029) also are enriched in the microbiota composition in HESN compared to HC and HIV+ subjects. Interestingly, an increase in Succinivibrio and Prevotella, and a reduction in Bacteroides genus, which is typical of HIV-infected individuals, were observed in both HESN and HIV+, compared to HC. Thus, HESNs have a microbiota profile, similar to that observed in HIV+, most likely because HESN are cohabiting with their HIV+ partners.

• Autores: Lopera Restrepo, Tulio José; Luján Tangarife, Jorge Armando; Zurek, Eduardo; Zapata Builes, Wildeman; Hernández López, Juan Carlos; Toro Londoño, Miguel Angel; Alzate Restrepo, Juan Fernando; Taborda Vanegas, Natalia Andrea; Rugeles López, María Teresa; Aguilar Jiménez, Wbeimar
• Tipo de recurso: Article of investigation
• Fecha de publicación: 2021
• Institución: Universidad de Antioquia
• Repositorio: Repositorio UdeA
• Idioma: eng
• OAI Identifier: oai:bibliotecadigital.udea.edu.co:10495/29864
• Acceso en línea: https://hdl.handle.net/10495/29864
• Palabra clave: Microbioma Gastrointestinal; Gastrointestinal Microbiome; Infecciones por VIH - inmunología; HIV Infections - immunology; Infecciones por VIH - patología; HIV Infections - pathology; Linfocitos T Reguladores; T-Lymphocytes, Regulatory; Células Th17; Th17 Cells
• Rights: openAccess
• License: http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/2.5/co/