A neurodegenerative disease landscape of rare mutations in Colombia due to founder effects

ABSTRACT: Background: The Colombian population, as well as those in other Latin American regions, arose from a recent tri-continental admixture among Native Americans, Spanish invaders, and enslaved Africans, all of whom passed through a population bottleneck due to widespread infectious diseases that left small isolated local settlements. As a result, the current population reflects multiple founder effects derived from diverse ancestries. Methods: We characterized the role of admixture and founder effects on the origination of the mutational landscape that led to neurodegenerative disorders under these historical circumstances. Genomes from 900 Colombian individuals with Alzheimer's disease (AD) [n = 376], frontotemporal lobar degeneration-motor neuron disease continuum (FTLD-MND) [n = 197], early-onset dementia not otherwise specified (EOD) [n = 73], and healthy participants [n = 254] were analyzed. We examined their global and local ancestry proportions and screened this cohort for deleterious variants in disease-causing and risk-conferring genes. Results: We identified 21 pathogenic variants in AD-FTLD related genes, and PSEN1 harbored the majority (11 pathogenic variants). Variants were identified from all three continental ancestries. TREM2 heterozygous and homozygous variants were the most common among AD risk genes (102 carriers), a point of interest because the disease risk conferred by these variants differed according to ancestry. Several gene variants that have a known association with MND in European populations had FTLD phenotypes on a Native American haplotype. Consistent with founder effects, identity by descent among carriers of the same variant was frequent. Conclusions: Colombian demography with multiple mini-bottlenecks probably enhanced the detection of founder events and left a proportionally higher frequency of rare variants derived from the ancestral populations. These findings demonstrate the role of genomically defined ancestry in phenotypic disease expression, a phenotypic range of different rare mutations in the same gene, and further emphasize the importance of inclusiveness in genetic studies.

• Autores: Acosta Uribe, Juliana; Aguillón Niño, David Fernando; Cochran, Jesse Nicholas; Giraldo Chica, Margarita María; Madrigal Zapata, Lucía; Killingsworth, Bradley W.; Singhal, Rijul; Labib, Sarah; Alzate Echeverri, Diana Paola; Velilla Jiménez, Lina Marcela; Moreno Másmela, Sonia; García Ospina, Gloria Patricia; Saldarriaga, Amanda; Piedrahita, Francisco; Hincapié Henao, Liliana; López, Hugo E.; Perumal, Nithesh; Morelo, Leonilde; Vallejo Mesa, Dionis Magnary; Juan Marcos, Solano Atehortúa; Reiman, Eric M.; Surace, Ezequiel I.; Itzcovich, Tatiana; Allegri, Ricardo; Sánchez Valle, Raquel; Villegas Lanau, Carlos Andrés; White III, Charles L.; Matallana, Diana; Myers, Richard M.; Browning, Sharon R.; Lopera Restrepo, Francisco Javier; Stephen, Kosik Kenneth
• Tipo de recurso: Article of investigation
• Fecha de publicación: 2022
• Institución: Universidad de Antioquia
• Repositorio: Repositorio UdeA
• Idioma: eng
• OAI Identifier: oai:bibliotecadigital.udea.edu.co:10495/26523
• Acceso en línea: http://hdl.handle.net/10495/26523
• Palabra clave: Enfermedades Neurodegenerativas; Neurodegenerative Diseases; Colombia; Enfermedad de Alzheimer; Alzheimer Disease; Demografía; Demography; Efecto Fundador; Founder Effect; Demencia Frontotemporal; Frontotemporal Dementia; Flujo Genético; Genetic Drift; Enfermedad de la Neurona Motora; Motor Neuron Disease
• Rights: openAccess
• License: Atribución 2.5 Colombia