Comportamiento de histéresis, exchange bias y compensación en un ferrimagneto tipo Ising
En los sistemas ferrimagnéticos los espines se alinean antiparalelamente al interior de la red, pero a diferencia de los materiales antiferromagnéticos las magnitudes de los momentos magnéticos son distintas. Esto conlleva a que en los ferrimagnetos exista una magnetización espontánea por debajo de...
- Autores:
-
Torres Contreras, Martín Elías
- Tipo de recurso:
- Trabajo de grado de pregrado
- Fecha de publicación:
- 2024
- Institución:
- Universidad de Córdoba
- Repositorio:
- Repositorio Institucional Unicórdoba
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- spa
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- oai:repositorio.unicordoba.edu.co:ucordoba/8721
- Acceso en línea:
- https://repositorio.unicordoba.edu.co/handle/ucordoba/8721
https://repositorio.unicordoba.edu.co
- Palabra clave:
- Ferrimagnéto
Exchange bias
Compensación
Histéresis
Modelo de Ising
Ferrimagnet
Exchange bias
Compensation
Hysteresis
Ising model
- Rights
- openAccess
- License
- Copyright Universidad de Córdoba, 2024
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Comportamiento de histéresis, exchange bias y compensación en un ferrimagneto tipo Ising |
| title |
Comportamiento de histéresis, exchange bias y compensación en un ferrimagneto tipo Ising |
| spellingShingle |
Comportamiento de histéresis, exchange bias y compensación en un ferrimagneto tipo Ising Ferrimagnéto Exchange bias Compensación Histéresis Modelo de Ising Ferrimagnet Exchange bias Compensation Hysteresis Ising model |
| title_short |
Comportamiento de histéresis, exchange bias y compensación en un ferrimagneto tipo Ising |
| title_full |
Comportamiento de histéresis, exchange bias y compensación en un ferrimagneto tipo Ising |
| title_fullStr |
Comportamiento de histéresis, exchange bias y compensación en un ferrimagneto tipo Ising |
| title_full_unstemmed |
Comportamiento de histéresis, exchange bias y compensación en un ferrimagneto tipo Ising |
| title_sort |
Comportamiento de histéresis, exchange bias y compensación en un ferrimagneto tipo Ising |
| dc.creator.fl_str_mv |
Torres Contreras, Martín Elías |
| dc.contributor.advisor.none.fl_str_mv |
Espriella Vélez, Nicolás Antonio de la Yances, Julio Madera |
| dc.contributor.author.none.fl_str_mv |
Torres Contreras, Martín Elías |
| dc.subject.proposal.spa.fl_str_mv |
Ferrimagnéto Exchange bias Compensación Histéresis Modelo de Ising |
| topic |
Ferrimagnéto Exchange bias Compensación Histéresis Modelo de Ising Ferrimagnet Exchange bias Compensation Hysteresis Ising model |
| dc.subject.keywords.eng.fl_str_mv |
Ferrimagnet Exchange bias Compensation Hysteresis Ising model |
| description |
En los sistemas ferrimagnéticos los espines se alinean antiparalelamente al interior de la red, pero a diferencia de los materiales antiferromagnéticos las magnitudes de los momentos magnéticos son distintas. Esto conlleva a que en los ferrimagnetos exista una magnetización espontánea por debajo de la temperatura crítica, en la cual se da una transición de fase. Las estructuras ferrimagnéticas experimentan interesantes fenómenos con potenciales aplicaciones en la industria moderna y la tecnología contemporánea, útiles para el mejoramiento de la calidad de vida de la humanidad. Las configuraciones de espines mixtos, como las ferrimagnéticas, han sido ampliamente estudiadas tanto teórica como experimentalmente, lo cual se comprueba en los estudios realizados por, N. De La Espriella et al. El objetivo de este trabajo es la caracterización termomagnética de un sistema ferrimagnético de momentos magnéticos 2 y 7/2, el cual está estructurado en una red bidimensional compuesta por dos subredes cuadradas A y B. La caracterización del ferrimagneto consiste en el análisis de diversos fenómenos magnéticos experimentados por el sistema, cuando se consideran interaciones internas y externas en la red. Para el estudio de esta configuración se usan técnicas de simulación Monte Carlo, algoritmos tipo baño térmico y una configuración antiferromagnética basada en un modelo de Ising mixto. |
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2024 |
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2024-11-14T14:04:22Z |
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2024-11-14T14:04:22Z |
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2024-11-13 |
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Trabajo de grado - Pregrado |
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info:eu-repo/semantics/bachelorThesis |
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http://purl.org/coar/resource_type/c_7a1f |
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info:eu-repo/semantics/acceptedVersion |
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Text |
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http://purl.org/coar/resource_type/c_7a1f |
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Universidad de Córdoba |
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Repositorio Universidad de Córdoba |
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https://repositorio.unicordoba.edu.co |
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https://repositorio.unicordoba.edu.co/handle/ucordoba/8721 https://repositorio.unicordoba.edu.co |
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spa |
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J.Q. Hu, N. Si, W. Jiang, J. Meng, Y.L. Zhang, Magnetic and thermodynamic properties of center decorated hexagon and tetragon structures, Phys. Lett. A 405 (2021) 127434. R. Masrour, A. Jabar, A. Benyoussef, M. Hamedoun, Mixed spin-5/2 and spin-2 Ising ferrimagnetic system on the Bethe lattice, J. Magn. Magn. Mater. 393 (2015) 151–156. H. Bouda, L. Bahmad, R. Masrour, and A. Benyoussef, “Compensation behavior in a fe- rrimagnetic mixed spin-7/2 and spin-3: Monte Carlo simulation,” J. Supercond. Novel Magn., vol. 32, no. 6, pp. 1837–1845 2018. doi: 10.1007/s10948-018-4894-2. F.O. Abubrig, The possibility of four compensation points in a mixed spin-2 and spin-7/2 Ising ferrimagnetic system using mean-field theory, Libya App. Tech. Sci. 3 (2017) 1. Xiao-han Zhang, Wei Wang, Bo-chen Li, and Ying An. Exploring magnetic properties of an edge-modified kekulene multilayer cluster in an external magnetic field. The European Physical Journal Plus, 138(4):333, 2023. Dan Lv, Hui-yi Li, De-zhi Zhang, and Bo-chen Li. Insights into magnetic behaviors of an Ising graphene ladder-type chain structure applied in an external magnetic field. Micro and Nanostructures, 180:207609, 2023. JC Madera, M Karimou, and N De La Espriella. Effect of exchange, anisotropy, and external field interactions on the hysteresis and compensation of a two-dimensional ferrimagnet. Physica A: Statistical Mechanics and its Applications, page 129341, 2023. Nicolás De La Espriella, Mounirou Karimou, and Gloria M Buend´ıa. Mixed spin-(3/2,7/2) Ising-type ferrimagnet: Monte Carlo-mean field treatment. physica status solidi (b), 258(4):2000536, (2021). Julio Cesar Madera, Nicolás De La Espriella, and Rhonald Burgos. Hysteresis and double- spin compensation behaviors in a ferro-ferrimagnetic model of high half-integer spins. physica status solidi (b), 260(4):2200517, 2023. Hadey K Mohamad and Hasan F Alturki. Spin compensation temperatures of a mixed spin Blume-Capel Ising ferrimagnetic system: a study of low-temperature molecular magnet. Journal of Superconductivity and Novel Magnetism, 32(12):3971-3978, (2019). Ying An, Shi-qi Xu, Wei Wang, Zhen-yao Xu, and Bo-chen Li. An analysis of magnetic and hysteresis characteristics of a mixed spin Ising-type borophene monolayer. Micro and Na- nostructures, 183:207672, 2023. Bo-chen Li, Dan Lv, Wei Wang, Lei Sun, Zi-Ming Hao, and Jia Bao. Compensation tempe- rature and hysteresis behaviors of a graphene-like bilayer: Monte Carlo study. Communications in Theoretical Physics, 75(4):045702, 2023. Wei Wang, Ruijia Liu, Dan Lv, and Xiaohong Luo. Monte Carlo simulation of magnetic properties of a nano-graphene bilayer in a longitudinal magnetic field. Superlattices and Mi crostructures, 98:458-472, (2016). Xiao Hong Luo, Wei Wang, Dong Dong Chen, and Si Yuan Xu. Monte Carlo study of internal energy and specic heat of a nano-graphene bilayer in a longitudinal magnetic field. Physica B: Condensed Matter, 491:51-58, (2016). T Bahlagui, H Bouda, A El Kenz, L Bahmad, and A Benyoussef. Monte Carlo simulation of compensation behavior for a mixed spin-5/2 and spin-7/2 Ising system with crystal field interaction. Superlattices and Microstructures, 110:90-97, (2017). M Karimou, RA Yessoufou, GD Ngantso, F Hontinfinde, and A Benyoussef. Mean-field and Monte Carlo studies of the magnetic properties of a spin-7/2 and spin-5/2 Ising bilayer film. Journal of Superconductivity and Novel Magnetism, 32(6):1769-1779, (2019). N De La Espriella, JC Madera, and Rhonald Burgos. Thermomagnetic behavior of a fe- rrimagnet of high spins: Monte Carlo analysis. IEEE Transactions on Magnetics, 55(12):1-7, (2019). Magnetism in Condensed Matter. Stephen Blundell, ISBN 0 19 850592 2 (Hbk), ISBN 0 19 850591 4 (Pbk). Fundamentals of Magnetism. Mathias Getzlaff. ISBN 978-3-540-31150-8 Springer Berlin Heidelberg New York. B. D. Cullity, C. D. Graham, Introduction to Magnetic Materials, Second edition. ISBN 978-0-471-47741-9. C. Kittel. Introducción a la física del estado sólido, 3th Edición. Editorial Reverte, España, 1998. Nicola A. Spaldin, Magnetic Materials Fundametals and Applications, second edition. ISBN 13 978 0 511 90071 6 eBook (EBL). ISBN 13 978 0 521 88669 7 Hardback. Lei Sun, Fan Zhang, Wei Wang, Zhong-yue Gao, Bo-chen Li, Jia-qi Lv, Critical and com- pensation behaviors of a graphyne bilayer: A Monte Carlo study, J. Magn. Magn. Mater. 547 (2022) 168774. Wei Wang, Lei Sun, Run-dong Li, Zhong-yue Gao, Feng Wang, Ming Tian, Dynamic mag- netic behaviors of a double-layer core/shell graphene nanoribbon in a time-dependent magnetic field, Results Phys. 19 (2020) 103573. Dan Lv, Feng Wang, Rui-jia Liu, Qiao Xue, San-xi Li, Monte Carlo study of magnetic and thermodynamic properties of a ferrimagnetic mixed-spin (1, 3/2) Ising nanowire with hexagonal core–shell structure, J. Alloys Compd. 701 (2017) 935–949. Si-yu Wang, Dan Lv, Zhen-yu Liu, Wei Wang, Jia Bao, Han Huang, Thermodynamic properties and hysteresis loops in a hexagonal core–shell nanoparticle, J. Molecular Graphics and Modelling 107 (2021) 107967. Bo-chen Li, Dan Lv, Wei Wang, Tong-lun Wang, Feng Wang, Thermodynamic properties and magnetocaloric effect of a graphdiyne bilayer with RKKY interaction, J. Magn. Magn. Mater 560 (2022) 169606. Bo-chen Li, Wei Wang, Jia-qi Lv, Min Yang, Feng Wang, Compensation and critical characteristics of the ferrimagnetic bilayer graphdiyne film with RKKY interaction, Appl. Phys. A 128 (2022) 445. S. Blundell, Magnetism in Condensed Matter, first ed., Oxford University Press, New York, 2001. N.A. Spaldin, Magnetic Materials Fundamentals and Applications, second ed., Cambridge University Press, Cambridge, 2011. R. Masrour, A. Jabar, L. Bahmad, M. Hamedoun, A. Benyoussef, Magnetic properties of mixed integer and half-integer spins in a Blume–Capel model: A Monte Carlo study, J. Magn. Magn. Mater. 421 (2017) 76–81. |
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Espriella Vélez, Nicolás Antonio de lad1702dd7-a5f1-44cb-a394-8b97e590338a600Yances, Julio Madera544bfd0e-7f64-4ae7-84e1-5551ac3e6d7c-1Torres Contreras, Martín Elíasa8f0f885-2a3c-4f5c-a3c1-8b772a0e3191-12024-11-14T14:04:22Z2024-11-14T14:04:22Z2024-11-13https://repositorio.unicordoba.edu.co/handle/ucordoba/8721Universidad de CórdobaRepositorio Universidad de Córdobahttps://repositorio.unicordoba.edu.coEn los sistemas ferrimagnéticos los espines se alinean antiparalelamente al interior de la red, pero a diferencia de los materiales antiferromagnéticos las magnitudes de los momentos magnéticos son distintas. Esto conlleva a que en los ferrimagnetos exista una magnetización espontánea por debajo de la temperatura crítica, en la cual se da una transición de fase. Las estructuras ferrimagnéticas experimentan interesantes fenómenos con potenciales aplicaciones en la industria moderna y la tecnología contemporánea, útiles para el mejoramiento de la calidad de vida de la humanidad. Las configuraciones de espines mixtos, como las ferrimagnéticas, han sido ampliamente estudiadas tanto teórica como experimentalmente, lo cual se comprueba en los estudios realizados por, N. De La Espriella et al. El objetivo de este trabajo es la caracterización termomagnética de un sistema ferrimagnético de momentos magnéticos 2 y 7/2, el cual está estructurado en una red bidimensional compuesta por dos subredes cuadradas A y B. La caracterización del ferrimagneto consiste en el análisis de diversos fenómenos magnéticos experimentados por el sistema, cuando se consideran interaciones internas y externas en la red. Para el estudio de esta configuración se usan técnicas de simulación Monte Carlo, algoritmos tipo baño térmico y una configuración antiferromagnética basada en un modelo de Ising mixto.INTRODUCCIÓNESTRUCTURAS Y FENÓMENOS MAGNÉTICOSConfiguración FerromagnéticaConfiguración AntiferromagnéticaConfiguración FerrimagnéticaParedes de DominiosInteracción de IntercambioAnisotropía de Ion SimpleTransciones de Fases de Primer y Segundo OrdenHistéresis MagnéticaAnisotropía de Intercambio (exchange bias)Temperaturas de CompensacíonModelo de Ising BidimensionalSuperparamagnetismoRESULTADOS Y ANÁLISISComportamiento de HistéresisEfectos del Campo D1Efectos del Campo D2Efectos de intercambio: J2 >= 0Comportamientos de Exchange Bias: J2 > 0Análisis de las Temperaturas de Compensación, Discontinuas y CríticasCONCLUSIONESREFERENCIASMétodo Monte Carlo (Apéndice A)PregradoFísico(a)Trabajos de Investigación y/o Extensiónapplication/pdfspaUniversidad de CórdobaFacultad de Ciencias BásicasMontería, Córdoba, ColombiaFísicaCopyright Universidad de Córdoba, 2024https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0/Atribución-NoComercial 4.0 Internacional (CC BY-NC 4.0)info:eu-repo/semantics/openAccesshttp://purl.org/coar/access_right/c_abf2Comportamiento de histéresis, exchange bias y compensación en un ferrimagneto tipo IsingTrabajo de grado - Pregradoinfo:eu-repo/semantics/bachelorThesishttp://purl.org/coar/resource_type/c_7a1finfo:eu-repo/semantics/acceptedVersionTextJ.Q. Hu, N. Si, W. Jiang, J. Meng, Y.L. Zhang, Magnetic and thermodynamic properties of center decorated hexagon and tetragon structures, Phys. Lett. A 405 (2021) 127434.R. Masrour, A. Jabar, A. Benyoussef, M. Hamedoun, Mixed spin-5/2 and spin-2 Ising ferrimagnetic system on the Bethe lattice, J. Magn. Magn. Mater. 393 (2015) 151–156.H. Bouda, L. Bahmad, R. Masrour, and A. Benyoussef, “Compensation behavior in a fe- rrimagnetic mixed spin-7/2 and spin-3: Monte Carlo simulation,” J. Supercond. Novel Magn., vol. 32, no. 6, pp. 1837–1845 2018. doi: 10.1007/s10948-018-4894-2.F.O. Abubrig, The possibility of four compensation points in a mixed spin-2 and spin-7/2 Ising ferrimagnetic system using mean-field theory, Libya App. Tech. Sci. 3 (2017) 1.Xiao-han Zhang, Wei Wang, Bo-chen Li, and Ying An. Exploring magnetic properties of an edge-modified kekulene multilayer cluster in an external magnetic field. The European Physical Journal Plus, 138(4):333, 2023.Dan Lv, Hui-yi Li, De-zhi Zhang, and Bo-chen Li. Insights into magnetic behaviors of an Ising graphene ladder-type chain structure applied in an external magnetic field. Micro and Nanostructures, 180:207609, 2023.JC Madera, M Karimou, and N De La Espriella. Effect of exchange, anisotropy, and external field interactions on the hysteresis and compensation of a two-dimensional ferrimagnet. Physica A: Statistical Mechanics and its Applications, page 129341, 2023.Nicolás De La Espriella, Mounirou Karimou, and Gloria M Buend´ıa. Mixed spin-(3/2,7/2) Ising-type ferrimagnet: Monte Carlo-mean field treatment. physica status solidi (b), 258(4):2000536, (2021).Julio Cesar Madera, Nicolás De La Espriella, and Rhonald Burgos. Hysteresis and double- spin compensation behaviors in a ferro-ferrimagnetic model of high half-integer spins. physica status solidi (b), 260(4):2200517, 2023.Hadey K Mohamad and Hasan F Alturki. Spin compensation temperatures of a mixed spin Blume-Capel Ising ferrimagnetic system: a study of low-temperature molecular magnet. Journal of Superconductivity and Novel Magnetism, 32(12):3971-3978, (2019).Ying An, Shi-qi Xu, Wei Wang, Zhen-yao Xu, and Bo-chen Li. An analysis of magnetic and hysteresis characteristics of a mixed spin Ising-type borophene monolayer. Micro and Na- nostructures, 183:207672, 2023.Bo-chen Li, Dan Lv, Wei Wang, Lei Sun, Zi-Ming Hao, and Jia Bao. Compensation tempe- rature and hysteresis behaviors of a graphene-like bilayer: Monte Carlo study. Communications in Theoretical Physics, 75(4):045702, 2023.Wei Wang, Ruijia Liu, Dan Lv, and Xiaohong Luo. Monte Carlo simulation of magnetic properties of a nano-graphene bilayer in a longitudinal magnetic field. Superlattices and Mi crostructures, 98:458-472, (2016).Xiao Hong Luo, Wei Wang, Dong Dong Chen, and Si Yuan Xu. Monte Carlo study of internal energy and specic heat of a nano-graphene bilayer in a longitudinal magnetic field. Physica B: Condensed Matter, 491:51-58, (2016).T Bahlagui, H Bouda, A El Kenz, L Bahmad, and A Benyoussef. Monte Carlo simulation of compensation behavior for a mixed spin-5/2 and spin-7/2 Ising system with crystal field interaction. Superlattices and Microstructures, 110:90-97, (2017).M Karimou, RA Yessoufou, GD Ngantso, F Hontinfinde, and A Benyoussef. Mean-field and Monte Carlo studies of the magnetic properties of a spin-7/2 and spin-5/2 Ising bilayer film. Journal of Superconductivity and Novel Magnetism, 32(6):1769-1779, (2019).N De La Espriella, JC Madera, and Rhonald Burgos. Thermomagnetic behavior of a fe- rrimagnet of high spins: Monte Carlo analysis. IEEE Transactions on Magnetics, 55(12):1-7, (2019).Magnetism in Condensed Matter. Stephen Blundell, ISBN 0 19 850592 2 (Hbk), ISBN 0 19 850591 4 (Pbk).Fundamentals of Magnetism. Mathias Getzlaff. ISBN 978-3-540-31150-8 Springer Berlin Heidelberg New York.B. D. Cullity, C. D. Graham, Introduction to Magnetic Materials, Second edition. ISBN 978-0-471-47741-9.C. Kittel. Introducción a la física del estado sólido, 3th Edición. Editorial Reverte, España, 1998.Nicola A. Spaldin, Magnetic Materials Fundametals and Applications, second edition. ISBN 13 978 0 511 90071 6 eBook (EBL). ISBN 13 978 0 521 88669 7 Hardback.Lei Sun, Fan Zhang, Wei Wang, Zhong-yue Gao, Bo-chen Li, Jia-qi Lv, Critical and com- pensation behaviors of a graphyne bilayer: A Monte Carlo study, J. Magn. Magn. Mater. 547 (2022) 168774.Wei Wang, Lei Sun, Run-dong Li, Zhong-yue Gao, Feng Wang, Ming Tian, Dynamic mag- netic behaviors of a double-layer core/shell graphene nanoribbon in a time-dependent magnetic field, Results Phys. 19 (2020) 103573.Dan Lv, Feng Wang, Rui-jia Liu, Qiao Xue, San-xi Li, Monte Carlo study of magnetic and thermodynamic properties of a ferrimagnetic mixed-spin (1, 3/2) Ising nanowire with hexagonal core–shell structure, J. Alloys Compd. 701 (2017) 935–949.Si-yu Wang, Dan Lv, Zhen-yu Liu, Wei Wang, Jia Bao, Han Huang, Thermodynamic properties and hysteresis loops in a hexagonal core–shell nanoparticle, J. Molecular Graphics and Modelling 107 (2021) 107967.Bo-chen Li, Dan Lv, Wei Wang, Tong-lun Wang, Feng Wang, Thermodynamic properties and magnetocaloric effect of a graphdiyne bilayer with RKKY interaction, J. Magn. Magn. Mater 560 (2022) 169606.Bo-chen Li, Wei Wang, Jia-qi Lv, Min Yang, Feng Wang, Compensation and critical characteristics of the ferrimagnetic bilayer graphdiyne film with RKKY interaction, Appl. Phys. A 128 (2022) 445.S. Blundell, Magnetism in Condensed Matter, first ed., Oxford University Press, New York, 2001.N.A. Spaldin, Magnetic Materials Fundamentals and Applications, second ed., Cambridge University Press, Cambridge, 2011.R. Masrour, A. Jabar, L. Bahmad, M. Hamedoun, A. Benyoussef, Magnetic properties of mixed integer and half-integer spins in a Blume–Capel model: A Monte Carlo study, J. Magn. Magn. Mater. 421 (2017) 76–81.FerrimagnétoExchange biasCompensaciónHistéresisModelo de IsingFerrimagnetExchange biasCompensationHysteresisIsing modelPublicationLICENSElicense.txtlicense.txttext/plain; charset=utf-815543https://repositorio.unicordoba.edu.co/bitstreams/1ee2a2f5-2230-42e9-9897-e88b5fcede5f/download73a5432e0b76442b22b026844140d683MD51ORIGINALTorresContrerasMartínElías .pdfTorresContrerasMartínElías .pdfapplication/pdf714292https://repositorio.unicordoba.edu.co/bitstreams/59d9e3cf-d31d-4b31-a1b1-7c052c021c38/downloaddfe443abf8c65fd860934bd6970be4efMD52autorizacion de publicacion en el repositorio.pdfautorizacion de publicacion en el repositorio.pdfapplication/pdf277647https://repositorio.unicordoba.edu.co/bitstreams/e5b5d81b-12f1-4897-988a-ec3b0ca48c58/downloadad8cc8557230471e8b03d421eb40eee8MD53TEXTTorresContrerasMartínElías .pdf.txtTorresContrerasMartínElías .pdf.txtExtracted 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