Valoración de riesgo de feminicidio: una revisión sistematizada
El feminicidio es una problemática mundial que ha venido en ascenso durante los últimos años y por tanto, ha generado esfuerzos de gobierno y de la academia para comprender los factores de riesgo asociados. Algunos estudios han reportado multiplicidad de factores de riesgo asociados a la conducta fe...
- Autores:
-
Gil-Farfán, Martha Patricia
Carvajal-Builes, Juan Camilo
- Tipo de recurso:
- Part of book
- Fecha de publicación:
- 2024
- Institución:
- Universidad Católica de Colombia
- Repositorio:
- RIUCaC - Repositorio U. Católica
- Idioma:
- spa
- OAI Identifier:
- oai:repository.ucatolica.edu.co:10983/31547
- Palabra clave:
- Feminicidio
Psicología forense
Crímenes contra mujeres
Factores de riesgo
Psicología jurídica
- Rights
- openAccess
- License
- Derechos Reservados - Ascofapsi, 2024
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Valoración de riesgo de feminicidio: una revisión sistematizada |
| title |
Valoración de riesgo de feminicidio: una revisión sistematizada |
| spellingShingle |
Valoración de riesgo de feminicidio: una revisión sistematizada Feminicidio Psicología forense Crímenes contra mujeres Factores de riesgo Psicología jurídica |
| title_short |
Valoración de riesgo de feminicidio: una revisión sistematizada |
| title_full |
Valoración de riesgo de feminicidio: una revisión sistematizada |
| title_fullStr |
Valoración de riesgo de feminicidio: una revisión sistematizada |
| title_full_unstemmed |
Valoración de riesgo de feminicidio: una revisión sistematizada |
| title_sort |
Valoración de riesgo de feminicidio: una revisión sistematizada |
| dc.creator.fl_str_mv |
Gil-Farfán, Martha Patricia Carvajal-Builes, Juan Camilo |
| dc.contributor.author.none.fl_str_mv |
Gil-Farfán, Martha Patricia Carvajal-Builes, Juan Camilo |
| dc.subject.armarc.none.fl_str_mv |
Feminicidio Psicología forense Crímenes contra mujeres |
| topic |
Feminicidio Psicología forense Crímenes contra mujeres Factores de riesgo Psicología jurídica |
| dc.subject.proposal.none.fl_str_mv |
Factores de riesgo Psicología jurídica |
| description |
El feminicidio es una problemática mundial que ha venido en ascenso durante los últimos años y por tanto, ha generado esfuerzos de gobierno y de la academia para comprender los factores de riesgo asociados. Algunos estudios han reportado multiplicidad de factores de riesgo asociados a la conducta feminicida, sin embargo, debido debido a la gran variedad de factores relacionados, se requieren estudios que sistematicen los hallazgos. Por lo anterior, este trabajo tuvo como objetivo caracterizar los estudios publicados en inglés y en español entre 2016 a 2020 acerca de la valoración de riesgo de feminicidio teniendo en cuenta el año de publicación, procedencia de los estudios, factores precipitantes, factores protectores, factores de riesgo, enfermedades mentales asociadas con la comisión de feminicidios e instrumentos utilizados para la valoración del riesgo de violencia contra la mujer y el feminicidio. Se ejecutó una revisión sistematizada que analizó 31 documentos. Se aprecia que los estudios provienen en su gran mayoría de Estados Unidos y España, el factor precipitante más reportado fue el abondono o separación, el factor protector más prevalente está relacionado con las redes de apoyo de la víctima y los factores de riesgo involucran tanto elementos de la víctima, agresor, así como de la relación. Estos hallazgos ponen de manifiesto la complejidad de esta problemática y se requieren investigaciones que realicen procesos robustos de recolección y análisis de datos tanto en víctimas como agresores, además de considerar variables socioculturales que podrían explicar las diferencias en los distintos factores encontrados en esta investigación asociados al feminicidio. (Tomado de la fuente). |
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2024 |
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2024-10-18T23:25:52Z |
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2024-10-18T23:25:52Z |
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2024-08 |
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Capítulo - Parte de Libro |
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http://purl.org/coar/resource_type/c_3248 |
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Gil-Farfán, M., & Carvajal-Builes, J. (2024). Valoración de riesgo de feminicidio: una revisión sistematizada. En A. Espinosa-Becerra & L. Quiroga-Baquero (Comp.), Tendencias e Investigaciones en Psicología Jurídica (pp. 100-137). Editorial Ascofapsi. https://doi.org/10.61676/9786289532470.02 |
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978-628-95324-7-0 |
| dc.identifier.uri.none.fl_str_mv |
https://hdl.handle.net/10983/31547 |
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https://doi.org/10.61676/9786289532470.02 |
| identifier_str_mv |
Gil-Farfán, M., & Carvajal-Builes, J. (2024). Valoración de riesgo de feminicidio: una revisión sistematizada. En A. Espinosa-Becerra & L. Quiroga-Baquero (Comp.), Tendencias e Investigaciones en Psicología Jurídica (pp. 100-137). Editorial Ascofapsi. https://doi.org/10.61676/9786289532470.02 978-628-95324-7-0 |
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https://hdl.handle.net/10983/31547 https://doi.org/10.61676/9786289532470.02 |
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spa |
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137 |
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Tendencias e Investigaciones en Psicología Jurídica |
| dc.relation.references.none.fl_str_mv |
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American Journal of Criminal Justice: AJCJ, 45(2), 293-312. https://doi.org/10.1007/s12103-019-09510-7 Johnson, H., Eriksson, L., Mazerolle, P., & Wortley, R. (2019). Intimate femicide: The role of coercive control. Feminist Criminology, 14(1), 3-23. https://doi.org/10.1177/1557085117701574 Jung, S., & Stewart, J. (2019). Exploratory comparison between fatal and non-fatal cases of intimate partner violence. Journal of Aggression, Conflict and Peace Research, 11(3), 158-168. https:// doi.org/10.1108/JACPR-11-2018-0394 Koppa, V., & Messing, J. T. (2019). Can justice system interventions prevent intimate partner homicide? An analysis of rates of help seeking prior to fatality. Journal of interpersonal violence, 36(17-18), 8792-8816. https://doi.org/10.1177/0886260519851179 Loinaz, I., Marzabal, I., & Pueyo, A. (2018). Risk factors of female intimate partner and non-intimate partner homicides. European journal of psychology applied to legal context, 10(2), 49-55. https://doi.org/10.5093/ejpalc2018a4 López-Ossorio, J. J., Carbajosa, P., Cerezo-Domínguez, A. I., González-Álvarez, J. L., Loinaz, I., y Muñoz-Vicente, J. M. (2018). Taxonomía de los homicidios de mujeres en las relaciones de pareja. Intervención Psicosocial, 27(2), 95-104. https:// doi.org/10.5093/pi2018a11 López-Ossorio, J. J., González-Álvarez, J. L., & Pueyo, A. (2016). Predictive effectiveness of the police risk assessment in intimate partner violence. Intervención psicosocial, 25(1), 1-7. https://doi. org/org/10.1016/j.psi.2015.10.002 Messing, J. T., & Campbell, J. (2016). Informing collaborative interventions: Intimate partner violence risk assessment for front line police officers. Policing: A Journal of Policy and Practice, 10(4), 328-340. https://doi.org/10.1093/police/paw013 Messing, J. T., Campbell, J. C., & Snider, C. (2017a). Validation and adaptation of the danger assessment 5: A brief intimate partner violence risk assessment. Journal of advanced nursing, 73(12), 3220-3230. https://doi.org/10.1111/jan.13459 Moreschi, C., Da Broi, U., Zamai, V., & Palese, F. (2016). Medico legal and epidemiological aspects of femicide in a judicial district of northeastern Italy. Journal of forensic and legal medicine, 39, 65-73. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jflm.2016.01.017 Murphy, B., Liddell, M., & Bugeja, L. (2016). Service contacts proximate to intimate partner homicides in Victoria. Journal of Family Violence, 31(1), 39-48. https://doi.org/10.1007/s10896- 015-9738-2 Nudelman, A., Boira, S., Tina (Tiko) Tsomaia, Balica, E., & Tabagua, S. (2017). “Hearing their voices”: Exploring femicide among migrants and culture minorities. Qualitative Sociology Review, 13(3), 48-68. https://doi.org/10.18778/1733-8077.13.3.04 Orellana, J. D. Y., Cunha, G. M. D., Marrero, L., Horta, B. L., & Leite, I. D. C. (2019). Urban violence and risk factors for femicide in the Brazilian Amazon. Cadernos de saude publica, 35(8), e00230418. https://doi.org/10.1590/0102-311X00230418 Ranney, M. L., & Betz. (2016). Discussing firearms with emergency department patients: Why, who, where, when, and what. Emergency Medicine Reports, 37(13). https://www.reliasmedia. com/articles/138174-discussing-firearms-with-emergency-department- patients-why-who-where-when-and-what Sabri, B., Campbell, J. C., & Dabby, F. C. (2016). Gender differences in intimate partner homicides among ethnic sub-groups of Asians. Violence against women, 22(4), 432-453. https://doi. org/10.1177/1077801215604743 Sabri, B., Nnawulezi, N., Njie-Carr, V., Messing, J., Ward-Lasher, A., Alvarez, C., & Campbell, J. C. (2018). Multilevel risk and protective factors for intimate partner violence among african, asian, and latina immigrant and refugee women: Perceptions of effective safety planning interventions. Race and Social Problems, 10(4), 348-365. https://doi.org/10.1007/s12552-018-9247-z Sanz-Barbero, B., Heras-Mosterio, J., Otero-García, L., & Vives-Cases, C. (2016). Sociodemographic profile of femicide in Spain and its association with domestic abuse reporting. Gaceta sanitaria, 30(4), 272-278. https://doi.org/10.1016/j. gaceta.2016.03.004 Smucker, S., Kerber, R. E., & Cook, P. J. (2018). Suicide and additional homicides associated with intimate partner homicide: North Carolina 2004–2013. Journal of Urban Health, 95(3), 337- 343. https://doi.org/10.1007/s11524-018-0252-8 Soria-Verde, M., Pufulete, E. M., y Álvarez-Llaberia, F. X. (2019). Homicidios en la pareja: Explorando las diferencias entre agresores inmigrantes y españoles. Anuario de Psicología Jurídica, 29(1), 31-39. https://doi.org/10.5093/apj2018a14 Terranova, C., & Zen, M. (2018). Women victims of intentional homicide in Italy: New insights comparing Italian trends to German and US trends, 2008–2014. Journal of forensic and legal medicine, 53, 73-78. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jflm.2017.11.007 Toprak, S., & Ersoy, G. (2017). Femicide in turkey between 2000 and 2010. PLoS One, 12(8), 1-16. https://doi.org/10.1371/journal. pone.0182409 Tosun-Altınöz, Ş., Altınöz, A. E., Utku, Ç., Eşsizoğlu, A., & Candansayar, S. (2018). Femicide: psychosocial characteristics of the perpetrators in Turkey. International journal of offender therapy and comparative criminology, 62(13), 4174-4186. https:// doi.org/10.1177/0306624X18763765 Vatnar, S. K. B., Friestad, C., & Bjørkly, S. (2017). Intimate partner homicide, immigration, and citizenship: Evidence from Norway 1990–2012. Journal of Scandinavian Studies in Criminology and Crime Prevention, 18(2), 103-122. https://doi.org/10.1080/1404 3858.2017.1394629 World Health Organization, London School of Hygiene & Tropical Medicine, & South African Medical Research Council (2013). Global and regional estimates of violence against women: prevalence and health effects of intimate partner violence and non-partner sexual violence (pp. 1-58) https://www.who.int/ publications/i/item/9789241564625 Zara, G., Freilone, F., Veggi, S., Biondi, E., Ceccarelli, D., & Gino, S. (2019). The medicolegal, psycho-criminological, and epidemiological reality of intimate partner and non-intimate partner femicide in North-West Italy: looking backwards to see forwards. International Journal of Legal Medicine, 133(4), 1295- 1307. https://doi.org/10.1007/s00414-019-02061-w |
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Gil-Farfán, Martha Patricia24dd18a8-012e-4893-b816-9570ae871e16-1Carvajal-Builes, Juan Camilovirtual::3483-12024-10-18T23:25:52Z2024-10-18T23:25:52Z2024-08El feminicidio es una problemática mundial que ha venido en ascenso durante los últimos años y por tanto, ha generado esfuerzos de gobierno y de la academia para comprender los factores de riesgo asociados. Algunos estudios han reportado multiplicidad de factores de riesgo asociados a la conducta feminicida, sin embargo, debido debido a la gran variedad de factores relacionados, se requieren estudios que sistematicen los hallazgos. Por lo anterior, este trabajo tuvo como objetivo caracterizar los estudios publicados en inglés y en español entre 2016 a 2020 acerca de la valoración de riesgo de feminicidio teniendo en cuenta el año de publicación, procedencia de los estudios, factores precipitantes, factores protectores, factores de riesgo, enfermedades mentales asociadas con la comisión de feminicidios e instrumentos utilizados para la valoración del riesgo de violencia contra la mujer y el feminicidio. Se ejecutó una revisión sistematizada que analizó 31 documentos. Se aprecia que los estudios provienen en su gran mayoría de Estados Unidos y España, el factor precipitante más reportado fue el abondono o separación, el factor protector más prevalente está relacionado con las redes de apoyo de la víctima y los factores de riesgo involucran tanto elementos de la víctima, agresor, así como de la relación. Estos hallazgos ponen de manifiesto la complejidad de esta problemática y se requieren investigaciones que realicen procesos robustos de recolección y análisis de datos tanto en víctimas como agresores, además de considerar variables socioculturales que podrían explicar las diferencias en los distintos factores encontrados en esta investigación asociados al feminicidio. (Tomado de la fuente).Primera edición38 páginasapplication/pdfGil-Farfán, M., & Carvajal-Builes, J. (2024). Valoración de riesgo de feminicidio: una revisión sistematizada. En A. Espinosa-Becerra & L. Quiroga-Baquero (Comp.), Tendencias e Investigaciones en Psicología Jurídica (pp. 100-137). Editorial Ascofapsi. https://doi.org/10.61676/9786289532470.02978-628-95324-7-0https://hdl.handle.net/10983/31547https://doi.org/10.61676/9786289532470.02spaEditorial AscofapsiBogotá137100Tendencias e Investigaciones en Psicología JurídicaAguilar Ruíz, R. (2017). El feminicidio. Diferencias entre el homicida antisocial y el normalizado. Boletín Criminológico, 23. https://doi.org/10.24310/Boletin-criminologico.2017.v23i0.3876Aguilar-Ruiz, R. (2018). Tipologías de feminicidas con trastorno mental en España. Anuario de Psicología Jurídica, 28(1), 39-48. https://doi.org/10.5093/apj2018a4Arbach, K., y Folino J. (2021). Valoración del riesgo de reincidencia en imputados por violencia contra la pareja: un estudio longitudinal con la Guía SARA. Anuario de Psicología Jurídica, 31, 35-44. https://doi.org/10.5093/apj2021a4Barberet, R., & Baboolal, A. A. (2020). The global femicide problem: issues and prospects. En Research Handbook on Gender, Sexuality, and the Law (pp. 286-300). Edward Elgar Publishing. https://doi.org/10.4337/9781788111157.00030Bijlsma, J., Kooijmans, T., de Jong, F., & Meynen, G. (2019). Legal insanity and risk: An international perspective on the justification of indeterminate preventive commitment. International Journal of Law and Psychiatry, 66, https://doi.org/10.1016/j. ijlp.2019.101462Bourget, D., & Gagné, P. (2012). Women who kill their mates. Behavioral sciences y the law, 30(5), 598-614. https://doi. org/10.1002/bsl.2033Campbell, J. (2003) Evaluación del Riesgo (Peligro). https:// www.dangerassessment.org/uploads/EVALUACI%C3%93N%20 DE%20RIESGO_DA_New%20Scoring_2019_Spanish%20Translation_ FINAL_FEBRUARY2020.pdfCampbell, J. C., Webster, D., Koziol-McLain, J., Block, C. R., Campbell, D., Curry, M. A., & Laughon, K. (2003). Risk factors for femicide in abusive relationships: Results from a multi-site case control study. American Journal of Public Health, 93, 1089-1097. https://ajph.aphapublications.org/doi/pdf/10.2105/ AJPH.93.7.1089Carvajal Builes, J. C., Barreto, I., & Gutiérrez de Piñeres, C. (2024). Deception detection based on the linguistic style of honest and dishonest stories. Journal of Forensic Practice, 26(1), 46-59. https://doi.org/10.1108/JFP-07-2023-0035Carvajal-Builes, J. C., Palacio-Aguirre, L. Y., López-Cantero, E. J., y Medrano-Tovar, C. M. (2022). Estilos lingüísticos de mujeres víctimas de violencia intrafamiliar en Colombia. En Alejo-Castañeda, I. E., & Cobo-Charry, M. F. (Eds.) (2022), Investigación en psicología: aplicaciones e intervenciones II (pp. 75-94). Editorial Universidad Católica de Colombia. https://doi.org/10.14718/97 86287554320.2022.3Carvajal, J. C., Rhenals, J., Muñoz, T., y Chaparro, S. (2020). Psicología del testimonio: Evidencia actual de su desarrollo. En Jiménez, J. C., Cañas, J. J., Carvajal, J. C., Devia, El., Jiménez, J. R., López, E. J., Alfonso, C., Quintero, C. J., & Quiroga, L. A. (Eds.). En Subcampos de aplicación de la psicología jurídica (pp. 77-93) Editorial Universidad Católica de Colombia. https:// repository.ucatolica.edu.co/bitstream/10983/26037/1/Logos%20 Signum_Subcampos_Contenido_Alianzas_WEB.pdfCullen, P., Vaughan, G., Li, Z., Price, J., Yu, D., & Sullivan, E. (2019). Counting dead women in Australia: an in-depth case review of femicide. Journal of family violence, 34(1), 1-8. https:// doi.org/10.1007/s10896-018-9963-6Cunha, O. S., & Goncalves, R. A. (2016). Severe and less severe intimate partner violence: From characterization to prediction. Violence and Victims, 31(2), 235-250. https://doi. org/10.1891/0886-6708.VV-D-14-00033Dobash, R. E., & Dobash, R. (2015). When men murder women. Oxford University Press, USA. https://doi.org/10.1093/acprof: oso/9780199914784.001.0001Elbogen, E. B., & Johnson, S. C. (2009). The intricate link between violence and mental disorder: Results from the National Epidemiologic Survey on alcohol and related conditions. Archives of General Psychiatry, 66(2), 152-161. https://doi.org/10.1001/ archgenpsychiatry.2008.537Ellis, D. (2017). Marital Separation and Lethal Male Partner Violence. Violence Against Women, 23(4), 503-519. https://doi. org/10.1177/1077801216644985Flynn, S., Gask, L., Appleby, L., & Shaw, J. (2016). Homicide– suicide and the role of mental disorder: a national consecutive case series. Social psychiatry and psychiatric epidemiology, 51(6), 877-884. https://doi.org/10.1007/s00127-016-1209-4Fong, W., Pan, C., Lee, J. C., Lee, T., & Hwa, H. (2016). Adult femicide victims in forensic autopsy in Taiwan: A 10-year retrospective study. Forensic Science International, 266, 80-85. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.forsciint.2016.05.008Gil Farfán, M. P., Avendaño-Prieto, B. L., y Carvajal-Builes, J. C. (2023). Diferencias en conocimiento y actitudes hacia el feminicidio detectadas a través del análisis del lenguaje. Diversitas, 19(1). https://revistas.usantotomas.edu.co/index.php/diversitas/ article/view/8448Gkotsi, G. M., & Gasser, J. (2016). Neuroscience in forensic psychiatry: From responsibility to dangerousness. Ethical and legal implications of using neuroscience for dangerousness assessments. International journal of law and psychiatry, 46, 58-67. https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/27209602/González, J. L., Garrido, M. J., López, J. J., Muñoz, J. M., Arribas, A., Carbajosa, P., y Ballano, E. (2018). Revisión pormenorizada de homicidios de mujeres en las relaciones de pareja en España. Anuario de Psicología Jurídica, 28, 28-38. https://doi. org/10.5093/apj2018a2Goris, S. J. A. G. (2015). Utilidad y tipos de revisión bibliográfica. Revista Ene de Enfermería, 9(2). http://ene-enfermeria.org/ojs/ index.php/ENE/article/view/495/guiraoGraham, L. M., Sahay, K. M., Rizo, C. F., Messing, J. T., & Macy, R. J. (2021). The Validity and Reliability of Available Intimate Partner Homicide and Reassault Risk Assessment Tools: A Systematic Review. Trauma, Violence, & Abuse, 22(1), 18-40. https://doi.org/10.1177/1524838018821952Grant, M., & Brooth, A. (2009). A typology of reviews: an analysis of 14 review types and associated methodologies. Health Information and Libraries Journal, 26(2), 91-108. https://doi. org/10.1111/j.1471-1842.2009.00848.xHan, A. D., Kim, E. J., & Tyson, S. Y. (2010). Partner violence against Korean immigrant women. Journal of Transcultural Nursing, 21, 370-376. https://doi.org/10.1177/1043659609360710Hayes, B. E., & Kopp, P. M. (2020). Gender differences in the effect of past year victimization on self-reported physical and mental health: Findings from the 2010 national intimate partner and sexual violence survey. American Journal of Criminal Justice: AJCJ, 45(2), 293-312. https://doi.org/10.1007/s12103-019-09510-7Johnson, H., Eriksson, L., Mazerolle, P., & Wortley, R. (2019). 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European journal of psychology applied to legal context, 10(2), 49-55. https://doi.org/10.5093/ejpalc2018a4López-Ossorio, J. J., González-Álvarez, J. L., & Pueyo, A. (2016). Predictive effectiveness of the police risk assessment in intimate partner violence. Intervención psicosocial, 25(1), 1-7. https://doi. org/10.1016/j.psi.2015.10.002Matias, A., Gonçalves, M., Soeiro, C., & Matos, M. (2020). Intimate partner homicide: A meta-analysis of risk factors. Aggression and violent behavior, 50, 101358. https://doi.org/10.1016/j. avb.2019.101358Messing, J. T., & Campbell, J. (2016). Informing collaborative interventions: Intimate partner violence risk assessment for front line police officers. Policing: A Journal of Policy and Practice, 10(4), 328-340. https://doi.org/10.1093/police/paw013Meynen, G. (2016). Legal insanity: Explorations in psychiatry, law, and ethics. Springer International Publishing.Mitjavila, M., y Mathes, P. (2016). Labirintos da medicalização do crime. Saúde e Sociedade, 25, 847-856. https://www.scielo. br/j/sausoc/a/NFgJRKtCXqL5vyddhHMVwnN/?lang=ptMyhill, A., & Hohl, K. (2019). The “golden thread”: Coercive control and risk assessment for domestic violence. Journal of Interpersonal Violence, 34(21-22), 4477-4497. OI: https://doi.org /10.1332/239868021X16366281022699Nudelman, A., Boira, S., Tina (Tiko) Tsomaia, Balica, E., & Tabagua, S. (2017). “Hearing their voices”: Exploring femicide among migrants and culture minorities. Qualitative Sociology Review, 13(3). https://doi.org/10.18778/1733-8077.13.3.04Observatorio de Feminicidios en Colombia. (2021). 630 feminicidios en Colombia en el 2020. http://www.observatoriofeminicidioscolombia. org/index.php/seguimiento/noticias/ 451-630-feminicidios-en-colombia-en-el-2020Pueyo, A., y Redondo, S. (2007). Predicción de la violencia: entre la peligrosidad y la valoración del riesgo de violencia. Papeles del Psicólogo, 28, 157-173. https://www.papelesdelpsicologo.es/ pdf/1500.pdfSabri, B., Campbell, J. C., & Dabby, F. C. (2016). Gender differences in intimate partner homicides among ethnic sub-groups of Asians. Violence against women, 22(4), 432-453. https://doi. org/10.1177/1077801215604743Sabri, B., Nnawulezi, N., Njie-Carr, V., Messing, J., Ward-Lasher, A., Alvarez, C., & Campbell, J. C. (2018). Multilevel risk and protective factors for intimate partner violence among african, asian, and latina immigrant and refugee women: Perceptions of effective safety planning interventions. Race and Social Problems, 10(4), 348-365. https://doi.org/10.1007/s12552-018-9247-zSmucker, S., Kerber, R. E., & Cook, P. J. (2018). Suicide and additional homicides associated with intimate partner homicide: North Carolina 2004–2013. Journal of Urban Health, 95(3), 337- 343. https://doi.org/10.1007/s11524-018-0252-8Soria-Verde, M., Pufulete, E. M., y Álvarez-Llaberia, F. X. (2019). 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Global and regional estimates of violence against women: prevalence and health effects of intimate partner violence and non-partner sexual violence. World Health Organization. https://www.who.int/publications/i/ item/9789241564625Aguilar Ruíz, R. (2017). El feminicidio. Diferencias entre el homicida antisocial y el normalizado. Boletín Criminológico, 23. https://doi.org/10.24310/Boletin-criminologico.2017.v23i0.3876Aguilar-Ruiz, R. (2018). Tipologías de feminicidas con trastorno mental en España. Anuario de Psicología Jurídica, 28(1), 39-48. https://doi.org/10.5093/apj2018a4Allen, T., Salari, S., & Buckner, G. (2020). Homicide illustrated across the ages: Graphic depictions of victim and offender age, sex, and relationship. Journal of aging and health, 32(3-4), 162- 174. https://doi.org/10.1177/0898264318812347Brignone, L., & Gomez, A. M. (2017). Double jeopardy: Predictors of elevated lethality risk among intimate partner violence victims seen in emergency departments. Preventive medicine, 103, 20-25. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ypmed.2017.06.035Cullen, P., Vaughan, G., Li, Z., Price, J., Yu, D., & Sullivan, E. (2019). Counting dead women in Australia: an in-depth case review of femicide. Journal of family violence, 34(1), 1-8. https:// doi.org/10.1007/s10896-018-9963-6Cunha, O. S., & Goncalves, R. A. (2016). Severe and less severe intimate partner violence: From characterization to prediction. Violence and Victims, 31(2), 235-250. https://doi. org/10.1891/0886-6708.VV-D-14-00033Fong, W., Pan, C., Lee, J. C., Lee, T., & Hwa, H. (2016). Adult femicide victims in forensic autopsy in Taiwan: A 10-year retrospective study. Forensic Science International, 266, 80-85. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.forsciint.2016.05.008Hayes, B. E., & Kopp, P. M. (2020). Gender differences in the effect of past year victimization on self-reported physical and mental health: Findings from the 2010 national intimate partner and sexual violence survey. American Journal of Criminal Justice: AJCJ, 45(2), 293-312. https://doi.org/10.1007/s12103-019-09510-7Johnson, H., Eriksson, L., Mazerolle, P., & Wortley, R. (2019). Intimate femicide: The role of coercive control. Feminist Criminology, 14(1), 3-23. https://doi.org/10.1177/1557085117701574Jung, S., & Stewart, J. (2019). Exploratory comparison between fatal and non-fatal cases of intimate partner violence. Journal of Aggression, Conflict and Peace Research, 11(3), 158-168. https:// doi.org/10.1108/JACPR-11-2018-0394Koppa, V., & Messing, J. T. (2019). Can justice system interventions prevent intimate partner homicide? An analysis of rates of help seeking prior to fatality. Journal of interpersonal violence, 36(17-18), 8792-8816. https://doi.org/10.1177/0886260519851179Loinaz, I., Marzabal, I., & Pueyo, A. (2018). Risk factors of female intimate partner and non-intimate partner homicides. European journal of psychology applied to legal context, 10(2), 49-55. https://doi.org/10.5093/ejpalc2018a4López-Ossorio, J. J., Carbajosa, P., Cerezo-Domínguez, A. I., González-Álvarez, J. L., Loinaz, I., y Muñoz-Vicente, J. M. (2018). Taxonomía de los homicidios de mujeres en las relaciones de pareja. Intervención Psicosocial, 27(2), 95-104. https:// doi.org/10.5093/pi2018a11López-Ossorio, J. J., González-Álvarez, J. L., & Pueyo, A. (2016). Predictive effectiveness of the police risk assessment in intimate partner violence. Intervención psicosocial, 25(1), 1-7. https://doi. org/org/10.1016/j.psi.2015.10.002Messing, J. T., & Campbell, J. (2016). Informing collaborative interventions: Intimate partner violence risk assessment for front line police officers. Policing: A Journal of Policy and Practice, 10(4), 328-340. https://doi.org/10.1093/police/paw013Messing, J. T., Campbell, J. C., & Snider, C. (2017a). 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Urban violence and risk factors for femicide in the Brazilian Amazon. Cadernos de saude publica, 35(8), e00230418. https://doi.org/10.1590/0102-311X00230418Ranney, M. L., & Betz. (2016). Discussing firearms with emergency department patients: Why, who, where, when, and what. Emergency Medicine Reports, 37(13). https://www.reliasmedia. com/articles/138174-discussing-firearms-with-emergency-department- patients-why-who-where-when-and-whatSabri, B., Campbell, J. C., & Dabby, F. C. (2016). Gender differences in intimate partner homicides among ethnic sub-groups of Asians. Violence against women, 22(4), 432-453. https://doi. org/10.1177/1077801215604743Sabri, B., Nnawulezi, N., Njie-Carr, V., Messing, J., Ward-Lasher, A., Alvarez, C., & Campbell, J. C. (2018). Multilevel risk and protective factors for intimate partner violence among african, asian, and latina immigrant and refugee women: Perceptions of effective safety planning interventions. 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Global and regional estimates of violence against women: prevalence and health effects of intimate partner violence and non-partner sexual violence (pp. 1-58) https://www.who.int/ publications/i/item/9789241564625Zara, G., Freilone, F., Veggi, S., Biondi, E., Ceccarelli, D., & Gino, S. (2019). The medicolegal, psycho-criminological, and epidemiological reality of intimate partner and non-intimate partner femicide in North-West Italy: looking backwards to see forwards. 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