Generación de Quimiosensores del Nanocomposito Celulosa Bacteriana/Puntos Cuánticos como Indicador de Contaminación por Metales Pesados en Muestras Acuosas
En la última década la contaminación por metales pesados en medios acuosos se ha convertido en un problema mundial que ha aumentado con la confluencia de las fuentes naturales y principalmente, las actividades antropogénicas (actividades industriales, actividades mineras, uso de plaguicidas, entre o...
- Autores:
-
Peña Gonzalez, Paula Tatiana
- Tipo de recurso:
- Trabajo de grado de pregrado
- Fecha de publicación:
- 2021
- Institución:
- Universidad Santo Tomás
- Repositorio:
- Repositorio Institucional USTA
- Idioma:
- spa
- OAI Identifier:
- oai:repository.usta.edu.co:11634/32504
- Acceso en línea:
- http://hdl.handle.net/11634/32504
- Palabra clave:
- Nanomaterials
Contamination
Heavy metals
Bacterial cellulose
Chemosensors
Agua - Contenido de metales pesados
Contaminación del agua
Contaminación química
Metales pesados
Nanomateriales
Contaminación
Metales pesados
Celulosa bacteriana
Quimiosensores
- Rights
- closedAccess
- License
- Acceso cerrado
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| dc.title.spa.fl_str_mv |
Generación de Quimiosensores del Nanocomposito Celulosa Bacteriana/Puntos Cuánticos como Indicador de Contaminación por Metales Pesados en Muestras Acuosas |
| title |
Generación de Quimiosensores del Nanocomposito Celulosa Bacteriana/Puntos Cuánticos como Indicador de Contaminación por Metales Pesados en Muestras Acuosas |
| spellingShingle |
Generación de Quimiosensores del Nanocomposito Celulosa Bacteriana/Puntos Cuánticos como Indicador de Contaminación por Metales Pesados en Muestras Acuosas Nanomaterials Contamination Heavy metals Bacterial cellulose Chemosensors Agua - Contenido de metales pesados Contaminación del agua Contaminación química Metales pesados Nanomateriales Contaminación Metales pesados Celulosa bacteriana Quimiosensores |
| title_short |
Generación de Quimiosensores del Nanocomposito Celulosa Bacteriana/Puntos Cuánticos como Indicador de Contaminación por Metales Pesados en Muestras Acuosas |
| title_full |
Generación de Quimiosensores del Nanocomposito Celulosa Bacteriana/Puntos Cuánticos como Indicador de Contaminación por Metales Pesados en Muestras Acuosas |
| title_fullStr |
Generación de Quimiosensores del Nanocomposito Celulosa Bacteriana/Puntos Cuánticos como Indicador de Contaminación por Metales Pesados en Muestras Acuosas |
| title_full_unstemmed |
Generación de Quimiosensores del Nanocomposito Celulosa Bacteriana/Puntos Cuánticos como Indicador de Contaminación por Metales Pesados en Muestras Acuosas |
| title_sort |
Generación de Quimiosensores del Nanocomposito Celulosa Bacteriana/Puntos Cuánticos como Indicador de Contaminación por Metales Pesados en Muestras Acuosas |
| dc.creator.fl_str_mv |
Peña Gonzalez, Paula Tatiana |
| dc.contributor.advisor.spa.fl_str_mv |
Martínez Bonilla, Carlos Andrés |
| dc.contributor.author.spa.fl_str_mv |
Peña Gonzalez, Paula Tatiana |
| dc.contributor.corporatename.spa.fl_str_mv |
Universidad Santo Tomás |
| dc.subject.keyword.spa.fl_str_mv |
Nanomaterials Contamination Heavy metals Bacterial cellulose Chemosensors |
| topic |
Nanomaterials Contamination Heavy metals Bacterial cellulose Chemosensors Agua - Contenido de metales pesados Contaminación del agua Contaminación química Metales pesados Nanomateriales Contaminación Metales pesados Celulosa bacteriana Quimiosensores |
| dc.subject.lemb.spa.fl_str_mv |
Agua - Contenido de metales pesados Contaminación del agua Contaminación química Metales pesados |
| dc.subject.proposal.spa.fl_str_mv |
Nanomateriales Contaminación Metales pesados Celulosa bacteriana Quimiosensores |
| description |
En la última década la contaminación por metales pesados en medios acuosos se ha convertido en un problema mundial que ha aumentado con la confluencia de las fuentes naturales y principalmente, las actividades antropogénicas (actividades industriales, actividades mineras, uso de plaguicidas, entre otros). Esta condición ha generado un aumento en la concentración de metales pesados en los efluentes hídricos, generando como consecuencia un riesgo para la salud de cualquier sistema vivo. Los iones metálicos cuentan con la capacidad de bioacumularse y biomagnificarse en el organismo, provocando la alteración de numerosos procesos bioquímicos y fisiológicos en animales y plantas, desencadenando diversas patologías. Actualmente, la identificación y remoción de metales pesados de fuentes hídricas es un proceso costoso, lento y, en la mayoría de los casos, no se lleva a cabo adecuadamente debido a las complicadas técnicas instrumentales empleadas y sus límites de detección. En Colombia, por ejemplo, el monitoreo de estos metales en agua para consumo humano no se exige según el Capítulo V y VI de la Resolución 2115 de 2007, por lo tanto, no se lleva a cabo un control de este tipo de contaminantes en las fuentes hídricas del país. En la actualidad, la identificación y cuantificación de metales pesados se lleva a cabo mediante equipos y procedimientos de mediana/alta complejidad y elevado costo (técnicas como absorción atómica y espectrometría de masas). Esta situación es poco favorable frente a la necesidad - regional, nacional y mundial- de identificación y cuantificación rápida de este tipo iones. De modo que se pueda evidenciar la contaminación del efluente de manera eficiente. Hoy en día han surgido diversos métodos que pueden llevar a cabo la identificación y cuantificación de estos iones de forma rápida y selectiva. En este conjunto de métodos se destaca el uso de diversos nanomateriales que, debido a sus propiedades luminiscentes, se han convertido en quimiosensores de interés en este campo. Dentro de este tipo de nanomateriales los quantum dots o puntos cuánticos (QDs) responden a la presencia de ciertos metales pesados modificando su luminiscencia en función de la concentración del metal. Adicionalmente, el uso de estos nanomateriales en conjunto con un soporte de nanocelulosa (NC) permite potenciar sus propiedades, convirtiéndolos en un material prometedor en la identificación in situ de metales pesados en efluentes hídricos. Teniendo en cuenta el interés actual por técnicas de detección rápidas para metales pesados, en la presente investigación se llevó a cabo la síntesis acuosa coloidal, la producción de QDs de CdTe y CdTe/ZnS, los cuales cumplen su función como agentes sensibilizantes permitiendo llevar a cabo la generación del quimiosensor a base de su acoplamiento con la nanocelulosa bacteriana (NCB), evaluando diferentes relaciones de carga en el nanocomposito. Para el nanopapel o quimiosensor se evidenció que la carga de NCB óptima por unidad de área fue de 2.21 mg NCB/cm2, esta relación permitió obtener un nanopapel homogéneo y apropiado para la adsorción de los QDs. Adicionalmente, el quimiosensor y los elementos que lo constituyeron fueron caracterizados estructural y morfológicamente mediante técnicas como UV-vis, IR, DRX, fluorescencia, SEM y TEM que permitieron identificar el tamaño de partícula de los QDs (~ 2.4 nm), contando con un núcleo con estructura cristalina cúbica centrada en las caras (CCC) y ligandos orgánicos evidenciados mediante IR mostrando sus señales características. Finalmente, el quimiosensor mostró ser sensible a metales pesados tales como el cromo, la plata, el cobre, el mercurio y el plomo, encontrándose que el mercurio es el metal más influyente en la variación de la fluorescencia de los QDs generando una extinción casi total de la fluorescencia del quimiosensor en concentraciones sobre 1 µM. |
| publishDate |
2021 |
| dc.date.accessioned.spa.fl_str_mv |
2021-03-16T18:33:12Z |
| dc.date.available.spa.fl_str_mv |
2021-03-16T18:33:12Z |
| dc.date.issued.spa.fl_str_mv |
2021-03-15 |
| dc.type.local.spa.fl_str_mv |
Trabajo de grado |
| dc.type.version.none.fl_str_mv |
info:eu-repo/semantics/acceptedVersion |
| dc.type.category.spa.fl_str_mv |
Formación de Recurso Humano para la Ctel: Trabajo de grado de Pregrado |
| dc.type.coar.none.fl_str_mv |
http://purl.org/coar/resource_type/c_7a1f |
| dc.type.drive.none.fl_str_mv |
info:eu-repo/semantics/bachelorThesis |
| format |
http://purl.org/coar/resource_type/c_7a1f |
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acceptedVersion |
| dc.identifier.citation.spa.fl_str_mv |
Peña, P. T. (2021) Generación de Quimiosensores del Nanocomposito Celulosa Bacteriana / Puntos Cuánticos como Indicador de Contaminación por Metales Pesados en Muestras Acuosas. [Tesis de pregrado] Universidad Santo Tomás, Bucaramanga, Colombia. |
| dc.identifier.uri.none.fl_str_mv |
http://hdl.handle.net/11634/32504 |
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reponame:Repositorio Institucional Universidad Santo Tomás |
| dc.identifier.instname.spa.fl_str_mv |
instname:Universidad Santo Tomás |
| dc.identifier.repourl.spa.fl_str_mv |
repourl:https://repository.usta.edu.co |
| identifier_str_mv |
Peña, P. T. (2021) Generación de Quimiosensores del Nanocomposito Celulosa Bacteriana / Puntos Cuánticos como Indicador de Contaminación por Metales Pesados en Muestras Acuosas. [Tesis de pregrado] Universidad Santo Tomás, Bucaramanga, Colombia. reponame:Repositorio Institucional Universidad Santo Tomás instname:Universidad Santo Tomás repourl:https://repository.usta.edu.co |
| url |
http://hdl.handle.net/11634/32504 |
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spa |
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spa |
| dc.relation.references.spa.fl_str_mv |
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Martínez Bonilla, Carlos AndrésPeña Gonzalez, Paula TatianaUniversidad Santo Tomás2021-03-16T18:33:12Z2021-03-16T18:33:12Z2021-03-15Peña, P. T. (2021) Generación de Quimiosensores del Nanocomposito Celulosa Bacteriana / Puntos Cuánticos como Indicador de Contaminación por Metales Pesados en Muestras Acuosas. [Tesis de pregrado] Universidad Santo Tomás, Bucaramanga, Colombia.http://hdl.handle.net/11634/32504reponame:Repositorio Institucional Universidad Santo Tomásinstname:Universidad Santo Tomásrepourl:https://repository.usta.edu.coEn la última década la contaminación por metales pesados en medios acuosos se ha convertido en un problema mundial que ha aumentado con la confluencia de las fuentes naturales y principalmente, las actividades antropogénicas (actividades industriales, actividades mineras, uso de plaguicidas, entre otros). Esta condición ha generado un aumento en la concentración de metales pesados en los efluentes hídricos, generando como consecuencia un riesgo para la salud de cualquier sistema vivo. Los iones metálicos cuentan con la capacidad de bioacumularse y biomagnificarse en el organismo, provocando la alteración de numerosos procesos bioquímicos y fisiológicos en animales y plantas, desencadenando diversas patologías. Actualmente, la identificación y remoción de metales pesados de fuentes hídricas es un proceso costoso, lento y, en la mayoría de los casos, no se lleva a cabo adecuadamente debido a las complicadas técnicas instrumentales empleadas y sus límites de detección. En Colombia, por ejemplo, el monitoreo de estos metales en agua para consumo humano no se exige según el Capítulo V y VI de la Resolución 2115 de 2007, por lo tanto, no se lleva a cabo un control de este tipo de contaminantes en las fuentes hídricas del país. En la actualidad, la identificación y cuantificación de metales pesados se lleva a cabo mediante equipos y procedimientos de mediana/alta complejidad y elevado costo (técnicas como absorción atómica y espectrometría de masas). Esta situación es poco favorable frente a la necesidad - regional, nacional y mundial- de identificación y cuantificación rápida de este tipo iones. De modo que se pueda evidenciar la contaminación del efluente de manera eficiente. Hoy en día han surgido diversos métodos que pueden llevar a cabo la identificación y cuantificación de estos iones de forma rápida y selectiva. En este conjunto de métodos se destaca el uso de diversos nanomateriales que, debido a sus propiedades luminiscentes, se han convertido en quimiosensores de interés en este campo. Dentro de este tipo de nanomateriales los quantum dots o puntos cuánticos (QDs) responden a la presencia de ciertos metales pesados modificando su luminiscencia en función de la concentración del metal. Adicionalmente, el uso de estos nanomateriales en conjunto con un soporte de nanocelulosa (NC) permite potenciar sus propiedades, convirtiéndolos en un material prometedor en la identificación in situ de metales pesados en efluentes hídricos. Teniendo en cuenta el interés actual por técnicas de detección rápidas para metales pesados, en la presente investigación se llevó a cabo la síntesis acuosa coloidal, la producción de QDs de CdTe y CdTe/ZnS, los cuales cumplen su función como agentes sensibilizantes permitiendo llevar a cabo la generación del quimiosensor a base de su acoplamiento con la nanocelulosa bacteriana (NCB), evaluando diferentes relaciones de carga en el nanocomposito. Para el nanopapel o quimiosensor se evidenció que la carga de NCB óptima por unidad de área fue de 2.21 mg NCB/cm2, esta relación permitió obtener un nanopapel homogéneo y apropiado para la adsorción de los QDs. Adicionalmente, el quimiosensor y los elementos que lo constituyeron fueron caracterizados estructural y morfológicamente mediante técnicas como UV-vis, IR, DRX, fluorescencia, SEM y TEM que permitieron identificar el tamaño de partícula de los QDs (~ 2.4 nm), contando con un núcleo con estructura cristalina cúbica centrada en las caras (CCC) y ligandos orgánicos evidenciados mediante IR mostrando sus señales características. Finalmente, el quimiosensor mostró ser sensible a metales pesados tales como el cromo, la plata, el cobre, el mercurio y el plomo, encontrándose que el mercurio es el metal más influyente en la variación de la fluorescencia de los QDs generando una extinción casi total de la fluorescencia del quimiosensor en concentraciones sobre 1 µM.In the last decade, contamination by heavy metals in aqueous media has become a global problem that has increased with the confluence of natural sources and, mainly, anthropogenic activities (industrial activities, mining activities, use of pesticides, among others). This condition has generated an increase in the concentration of heavy metals in water effluents, generating therefore a risk for the health of any living system. Metal ions have the capacity to bioaccumulate and biomagnifies in the organism, causing the alteration of numerous biochemical and physiological processes in animals and plants, triggering various pathologies. Currently, the identification and removal of heavy metals from water sources is a costly and slow process and, in most cases, it is not carried out adequately due to the complicated instrumental techniques used and their detection limits. In Colombia, for example, the monitoring of these metals in water for human consumption is not required according to Chapter V and VI of Resolution 2115 of 2007, therefore, there is no control of this type of contaminants in the country's water sources. Currently, the identification and quantification of heavy metals is carried out using medium/high complexity and high-cost equipment and procedures (techniques such as atomic absorption and mass spectrometry). This situation is unfavorable in view of the regional, national, and global need for rapid identification and quantification of this type of ions. So that the contamination of the effluent can be evidenced in an efficient manner. Nowadays, several methods have emerged that can carry out the identification and quantification of these ions in a fast and selective way. Within this set of methods, the use of various nanomaterials stands out, which, due to their luminescent properties, have become chemosensors of interest in this field. Within this type of nanomaterials, quantum dots (QDs) respond to the presence of certain heavy metals by modifying their luminescence depending on the concentration of the metal. Additionally, the use of these nanomaterials in conjunction with a nanocellulose (NC) support enhances their properties, making them a promising material for the in-situ identification of heavy metals in water effluents. Considering the current interest in rapid detection techniques for heavy metals, in the present work, the production of CdTe and CdTe/ZnS QDs was carried out by colloidal aqueous synthesis, which fulfill their function as sensitizing agents allowing the generation of the chemosensor based on their coupling with bacterial nanocellulose (NCB), evaluating different charge ratios in the nanocomposite. For the nano paper or chemosensor, it was evidenced that the optimal NCB loading per unit area was 2.21 mg NCB/cm2, this ratio allowed obtaining a homogeneous and appropriate nano paper for the adsorption of QDs. Additionally, the chemosensor and its constituent elements were structurally and morphologically characterized by UV-vis, IR, XRD, fluorescence, SEM and TEM techniques that allowed identifying the particle size of the QDs (~ 2.4 nm), having a core with a face-centered cubic crystalline structure (CCC) and organic ligands evidenced by IR showing their characteristic signals. 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