Métodos para Identificar Suelos Colapsables

En este trabajo se presenta el estado del arte y los métodos para identificar los suelos colapsables. La investigación consistió en recopilar información para la identificación de este tipo de suelos, describiendo las técnicas experimentales que sirven para conocer su comportamiento y que a partir d...

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Autores:: Ramírez Garzón, Erica Tatiana

Tipo de recurso:: Trabajo de grado de pregrado

Fecha de publicación:: 2021

Institución:: Universidad Santo Tomás

Repositorio:: Repositorio Institucional USTA

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dc.title.spa.fl_str_mv	Métodos para Identificar Suelos Colapsables
title	Métodos para Identificar Suelos Colapsables
spellingShingle	Métodos para Identificar Suelos Colapsables Collapsible soils Identification methods Physical and mechanical properties Geotechnics Análisis del suelo Suelos-- Investigaciones Estabilización de suelos Suelos colapsables Métodos de identificación Propiedades físicas y mecánicas Geotecnia
title_short	Métodos para Identificar Suelos Colapsables
title_full	Métodos para Identificar Suelos Colapsables
title_fullStr	Métodos para Identificar Suelos Colapsables
title_full_unstemmed	Métodos para Identificar Suelos Colapsables
title_sort	Métodos para Identificar Suelos Colapsables
dc.creator.fl_str_mv	Ramírez Garzón, Erica Tatiana
dc.contributor.advisor.none.fl_str_mv	Viveros Rosero, Livaniel
dc.contributor.author.none.fl_str_mv	Ramírez Garzón, Erica Tatiana
dc.contributor.orcid.spa.fl_str_mv	https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2931-2097
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dc.contributor.corporatename.spa.fl_str_mv	Universidad Santo Tomás
dc.subject.keyword.spa.fl_str_mv	Collapsible soils Identification methods Physical and mechanical properties Geotechnics
topic	Collapsible soils Identification methods Physical and mechanical properties Geotechnics Análisis del suelo Suelos-- Investigaciones Estabilización de suelos Suelos colapsables Métodos de identificación Propiedades físicas y mecánicas Geotecnia
dc.subject.lemb.spa.fl_str_mv	Análisis del suelo Suelos-- Investigaciones Estabilización de suelos
dc.subject.proposal.spa.fl_str_mv	Suelos colapsables Métodos de identificación Propiedades físicas y mecánicas Geotecnia
description	En este trabajo se presenta el estado del arte y los métodos para identificar los suelos colapsables. La investigación consistió en recopilar información para la identificación de este tipo de suelos, describiendo las técnicas experimentales que sirven para conocer su comportamiento y que a partir del análisis permiten delimitar su susceptibilidad a este problema. La identificación de la colapsabilidad en los proyectos ayuda a minimizar problemas de fallas en estructuras, lo cual se traduce en prevenir pérdida de vidas humanas y económicas en ingeniería, siendo importante para futuras investigaciones que desean ampliar y comprender mejor el comportamiento de estos tipos de suelo. Los suelos colapsables cubren un 10% de la superficie terrestre, se encuentran en regiones importantes, distribuidos en áreas áridas y semiáridas (Mansour Zaid et al., 2008).Estos suelos causan problemas en las obras de ingeniería civil por los asentamientos diferenciales de gran magnitud. El fenómeno se relaciona principalmente con la estructura abierta y suelta que pueden presentar cambios repentinos en el volumen, con o sin el aumento de cargas externas. Varias clasificaciones de colapso del suelo se basan en las propiedades físicos mecánicas y parámetros como el contenido de agua, los esfuerzos máximos que producen el colapso, el porcentaje de arcilla (material fino) y densidad. Para esta investigación se consultaron trabajos experimentales en los que se realizaron pruebas de laboratorio in situ, para ciertos tipos de suelos que mostraron indicios de colapsibilidad y se midieron directamente los cambios en las propiedades que llevaban al colapso. Este documento proporciona una revisión de los suelos colapsables que incluyen las características mineralogía, clasificación, tipos de estructura, tipos de colapso y métodos de identificación en el laboratorio.
publishDate	2021
dc.date.accessioned.none.fl_str_mv	2021-12-16T21:24:34Z
dc.date.available.none.fl_str_mv	2021-12-16T21:24:34Z
dc.date.issued.none.fl_str_mv	2021-12-13
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dc.identifier.citation.spa.fl_str_mv	Ramírez Garzón E.T. (2021). Métodos para Identificar Suelos Colapsables. [Tesis de pregrado, Universidad Santo Tomás]. Repositorio Institucional.
dc.identifier.uri.none.fl_str_mv	http://hdl.handle.net/11634/38729
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identifier_str_mv	Ramírez Garzón E.T. (2021). Métodos para Identificar Suelos Colapsables. [Tesis de pregrado, Universidad Santo Tomás]. Repositorio Institucional. repourl:https://repository.usta.edu.co
url	http://hdl.handle.net/11634/38729
dc.relation.references.spa.fl_str_mv	Abelev Y.M. & Abelev M.O.Y. (1979). Bases de l’élaboration des projets et de la construction sur les sols loessiques affaissables. Translated in French from Russian, Tech. Doc., Paris. additional settlement due to collapse of grain structure. In: Proceedings of the 6th regional conference for Africa on soil mechanics and foundation engineering, Durban, South Africa, pp. 99–105 Aitchison, G.D. and Donald, I.B. (1956). Effective stresses in unsaturated soils. Proceedings of the Second Australia – New Zealand Soils Mechanics Conference, pp. 192-199. Ali M.M., Nowatzki E.A. and Myers, D.E. (1989). Geostatistical techniques to estimate collapse-related soil parameters. In: Proceedings 25th symposium on engineering geology and geotechnical engineering, Reno, Nevada, March, pp. 289–296. Ali, M.M. (2010). Identifying and Analyzing Problematic Soils. Geotechnical and Geological Engineering, 29(3), pp.343–350. doi:10.1007/s10706-010-9380-y. Andersen B.J. and Borns H.W. (1997). The Ice age of World. Scandinavian University Press, Oslo. Assadi-Langroudi, A. and Jefferson, I. (2013). Collapsibility in calcareous clayey loess: a factor of stress-hydraulic history. Int. J. Geomate 5 (1), pp.620-627. ASTM D5333-03. (2003) Standard test method for measurement of collapse potential of soils. ASTM International, West Conshohocken. Barden L., Mc Gown A. & Collins K. (1973). The collapse mechanism in partly saturated soil. Eng. Geol. 7, pp. 49-60. Bell, F.G. and Bruyn, I.A. (1997). Sensitive, expansive, dispersive and collapsible soils. Bulletin of the International Association of Engineering Geology, Paris, 56: pp.19-38. Bruckler, L. (1998). Les transferts dans le sol, pp. 29-40. In: P. Stengel et S. Gelin (coord.). Sol interface fragile. Editions of Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique. Paris, France. Burland, J.B. 1965. Some aspects of the mechanical behavior of partly saturated soils. In Moisture Equilibria and Moisture Changes in Soils Beneath Covered Areas. Butterworths, Sydney, Australia. Casagrande, A. 1932. The structure of clay and its importance in foundation engineering. Journal of Boston Society of Civil Engineers. Clemence, S. P. and Finbarr, A.O. (1981). Design Considerations for collapsible soils. Journal of the Geotechnical Engineering Division, Vol.107(No, GT3), pp.203-3018. Culshaw, M.G., Northmore, K.J., Jefferson, I., Assadi-Langroudi, A. and Bell, F.G. (2020). Chapter 6 Collapsible soils in the United Kingdom. Geological Society, London, Special Publications of Geological Engineering, 29 (1), pp 187-203. doi: 10.1144 / egsp29.6. Chinumani C. and Tadikonda V. (2017). Wetting induced collapse behavior of kaolinite: Influence of fabric and inundation pressure, pp. 57 Das, B. M. (2007). Principles of foundation engineering, Ed.. PWS publishing company, Boston, MA, pp. 686-694. DAS, B.M. 1999. Principios de Ingeniería de Fundaciones, , Ed.4. De Freitas, M.C., Tsuha, C. de H.C., & Vilar, O.M. (2017). Briefing: Compacted soil columns for collapsible lateritic soil improvement. Proceedings of the Institution of Civil Engineers - Ground Improvement, 170(4), pp. 186–192. doi:10.1680/jgrim.16.00019 Delage, P., Cui, Y.J. and Antoine, P. (2005). Geotechnical problems related with loess deposits in Northern France. Derbyshire E., Meng X., Wang J., Zhou Z. & Li B. (1995). Collapsible loess on the loess plateau of China, pp. 267-293, E. Derbyshire et al. Kluwer Academic Publishers. Derbyshire, E., Dijkstra, T. y Smalley, I.J. (Eds.). (1995). Genesis and properties of collapsible soils, pp. 2-205 doi: 10.1007 / 978-94-011-0097-7. Dudley, J.H. (1970). Review of Collapsing Soils. Journal of Soil Mechanics and Foundation Division, pp. 96, 925–947. Egri, G. (1972). The physico-chemical properties and engineering problems of the loess soils. Acta Gelo. Acad, Sci. Hung., 16, pp. 337–345 Escario, V., (1969). Swelling of soil in contact with water at negative pressure. International research and engineering conference on expansive clay soils. Texas: Proceedings, 1, pp. 207–217 Fredlund D.G. and Morgenstern N.R. (1977). Stress state variables for unsaturated soils. Journal of the Geotechnical Engineering Division; pp. 447. Gaaver, K.E. (2012). Geotechnical properties of Egyptian collapsible soils. Alex Eng. J. 51(3), pp. 205–210. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.aej.2012.05.002. Gibbs, H.J. (1961). Propiedades que dividen suelos sueltos y densos no fermentados. Informe del Laboratorio de la Tierra em-658, Oficina de Recuperación, Departamento del Interior de los Estados Unidos, Washington, D.C. González de Vallejo, L.I. y Ferrer, M.O. (2002). Ingeniería Geológica. pp.744 GIBBS, H.J. and BARA, J.P. 1967. Stability problems of collapsing soil. Journal of Soil Mechanics and Foundation Engineering Division, ASCE, 93: 577-594. Grabowska-Olszewska B. 1975. SEM analysis of microstructures of loess deposits. Bull. Int. Ass. Engineering Geology 11, pp. 45-48. Graham, J. and Li, E.C. (1985). Comparison of natural and remolded plastic clay. Journal of Geotechnical Engineering, ASCE 111 (7), pp. 865–881. Holtz, W.G. and Hilf, J.W. 1961. Settlement of soil foundations due to saturation. Proceedings of the 5th International Conference on Soil Mechanics and Foundation Engineering, Paris Houston, SL, Houston, WN, Zapata, CE y Lawrence, C. (2001). Práctica de ingeniería geotécnica para suelos colapsables. Conceptos de suelos insaturados y su aplicación en la práctica geotécnica, 333–355. doi: 10.1007 / 978-94-015-9775-3_6 Houston, S. L., Houston, W. N., and Lawrence, C.A. (2002). Collapsible soil engineering in highway infrastructure development. Journal of Transportation Engineering, Vol.128(No. 3), pp.295–300 Houston, S.L., Houston, W.N. and Spadola, D.J. (1988). Prediction of field collapse of soils due to wetting. J Geotech Eng 114(1), pp.40–58. https://doi.org/10.1061/(asce)07339410(1988)114:1(40). Howayek, A.E., Huang, P.T., Bisnett, R. and Santagata, M.C. (2011). Identification and behavior of collapsible soils. Publication FHWA/IN/JTRP-2011/12. Joint Transportation Research Program Indiana Department of Transportation and Purdue University, West Lafayette, Indiana. doi: 10.5703/1288284314625. Hoyos, F. (2012). Geotecnia diccionario básico. Ismael, N.F., Jeragh, A., Mollah, M.A., and Khalidi, O. (1987). Factors affecting the collapse potential of calcareous desert sands. Proceedings of the 9th Southeast Asian Geotechnical Conference, Bangkok, Thailand, December 7-11, 1987, No. 5, pp.147-158. Jaramillo, D.F. (2002). Introducción a la ciencia del suelo. 1a ed. Universidad Nacional de Colombia. Medellín, pp. 81-116. Jennings, J.E. and Knight, K. (1975). A guide to construction on or with materials exhibiting additional settlement due to collapse of grain structure. Proceedings of the 6th Regional Conference for Africa on Soil Mechanics and Foundation Engineering, Durban, South Africa, pp. 99-105 Jennings, J.E. and Knight, K. 1957. The additional settlement of foundations due to a collapse of structure of sandy subsoils on wetting. Proceedings of the 4th International Congress on Soil Mechanics and Foundation Engineering, London Juárez E. y Rico A., (2005). Fundamentos de mecánica de suelos. Mecánica de suelos tomo I: Limusa México, pp. 42-57. Knight K. (1963). The origin and occurrence of collapsing soils. Proc. 3rd Reg. African CSMFE pp. 125-130. Lawton, E.C., Fragaszy, R.J., & Hetherington, M.D. (1992). Review of Wetting‐Induced Collapse in Compacted Soil. Journal of Geotechnical Engineering, 118(9), 1376–1394. doi:10.1061/(asce)0733-9410(1992)118:9(1376) Li, P., Vanapalli, S., & Li, T. (2016). Review of collapse triggering mechanism of collapsible soils due to wetting. Journal of Rock Mechanics and Geotechnical Engineering, 8(2), 256–274. doi:10.1016/j.jrmge.2015.12.002 Li, X.-A., Li, L., Song, Y., Hong, B., Wang, L. y Sun, J. (2019 Characterization of the mechanisms underlying loess collapsibility for land creation project in Shaanxi Province, China—a study from a micro perspective, 77–88. doi: 10.1016 / j.enggeo.2018.12.024 Lizcano, A., Herrera, M,C., and Santamarina, J.C., (2006) Suelos Derivados de Cenizas Volcánicas en Colombia, Universidad de los Andes, Bogotá, Colombia Mansour Zaid M., Chik Z. and Taha M.R. (2008). On the procedures of soil collapse potential evaluation. Journal of Applied Sciences, 8(23): pp. 4434-4439. Meng, Z., Liyi, C., Shanyong, W. and Honggang, W. (2020). Experimental study of the. microstructure of loess on its macroscopic geotechnical properties of the Baozhong railway subgrade in Ningxia, China. doi: 10.1007 / s10064-020-01816-9. Milodowski, A.E., Northmore, K.J., Kemp, S.J., Entwisle, D.C., Gunn, D.A., Jackson, P.D., Boardman, D.I., Zoumpakis, A., Rogers, C.D.F., Dixon, N., Jefferson, I.F., Smalley, I.J., Clarke, M., (2015). The mineralogy and fabric of ‘Brickearths’ (loess) in Kent, UK and their relationship to engineering behaviour. Bull. Eng. Geol Miller, G.A., Muraleetharan, K.K., and Lim, Y.Y. (2001). Wetting-induced settlement of compacted-fill embankments. Transportation Research Record, 1755, 111–118 Mitchell, J. K., and Soga, K. (2005). Fundamentals of soil behavior, John Wiley & Sons, Hoboken, N.J. Montalvo, C.E. (2010.) Microscopía. NRS.10.(2010). Reglamento colombiano de construcción sismo resistente. Titulo-H. Estudios geotécnicos-Colombia. pp. H.9.3.1. Osipov, V.I., and Sokolov, V. N. (1994). Factors and mechanism of loess collapsibility. Proceedings of the NATO Advanced Research Workshop on Genesis and Properties of Collapsible Soils, Loughborough, U.K., 413 Pagliai, M., (1988). Soil porosity aspects. Int. Agrophys.,pp. 215–232 Pécsi, M. (1990). Loess is not just the accumulation of dust. Quaternary International 7/8: pp 121. Pereira, J.H.F., and Fredlund, D.G. (2000). Volume change behavior of collapsible compacted gneiss soil. Journal of Geotechnical and Geoenvironmental Engineering, 126(10), pp. 907–916 Reznik, Y.M., (2005). A Method of Calculations of Soil Structural Pressure Values' Engineering Geology, vol. 78. Elsevier Science Publishers BV, Amsterdam, pp. 95–104. Rogers, C.D.F. (1995). Types and distribution of collapsible soils. In: Derbyshire E, Dijkstra T, Smalley IJ (eds) Genesis and properties of collapsible soils, NATO ASI series (series C: mathematical and physical sciences), vol 468. Springer, Dordrecht, pp. 1–17. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-94-011- 0097-7_1-. Rollins, K. y Rogers, G. 1994. Medidas de mitigación para pequeñas estructuras en suelos aluviales plegables. Revista de Ingeniería Geotécnica, pp. 1533-1553 Schmertmann, J.H., (1955). The undisturbed consolidation behavior of clay. Transactions, American Society of Civil Engineers 120, 1201–1227. Shao, X.X., Zhang, H.Y., Tan, Y., (2018). Collapse behavior and microstructural alteration of remolded loess under graded wetting tests. Eng. Geol. 233, 11–22. https://doi.org/ 10.1016/j.enggeo.2017.11.025. Valencia, A. y Huertas, L., (2018). Análisis de granulometría por hidrómetro y un método automatizado para suelos bentoníticos. Universidad Católica, Bogotá Colombia pp. 52-57 Vaughan, P.R., (1985). Mechanical and hydraulic properties of in-situ residual soils. Proceedings of the First International Conference on Geomechanics in Tropical Lateritic and Saprolitic Soils, Brazil, pp. 1–33. Walsh K. Houston W. and Houston S. (1993). Evaluation of in-place wetting using soil suction measurements. J. Geotech. Eng., ASCE 119, pp. 862-973. Wang, L., Shao, S. and She, F. (2019). A new method to evaluate the collapsibility of Loess and its application. Engineering Geology, 105376. doi: 10.1016 / j.enggeo.2019.105376. Xie, W.L., Wang, Y.S., Ma, Z.H., Ge, R.H. and Wang, J.D., (2015). Research status and prospect of loess collapsibility mechanism-in Chinese. Geoscience 29, pp.397-407 Yang, Y. (1989). Study of mechanism of loess collapse. Science in China (Ser. B), 32(5), pp. 604–617. Zamani, M., and Badv, K. (2019). Assessment of the Geotechnical Behavior of Collapsible Soils: A Case Study of the Mohammad-Abad Railway Station Soil in Semnan. Geotechnical and Geological Engineering. doi:10.1007/s10706-018-00800- Zhou, A. and Sheng, D. (2015). An advanced hydro-mechanical constitutive model for unsaturated soils with different initial densities. Computers and Geotechnics, 63, pp. 46- 66. Zhu, Y. and Chen, Z. (2009). Un nuevo método para estudiar la colapsabilidad del loess. Fronteras de la arquitectura y la ingeniería civil en China, 3 (3), pp. 305–311. doi: 10.1007 / s11709-009-0040-3.1
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spelling	Viveros Rosero, LivanielRamírez Garzón, Erica Tatianahttps://orcid.org/0000-0002-2931-2097https://scholar.google.es/citations?user=nut8dMIAAAAJ&hl=eshttps://scienti.minciencias.gov.co/cvlac/visualizador/generarCurriculoCv.do?cod_rh=0000009214Universidad Santo Tomás2021-12-16T21:24:34Z2021-12-16T21:24:34Z2021-12-13Ramírez Garzón E.T. (2021). Métodos para Identificar Suelos Colapsables. [Tesis de pregrado, Universidad Santo Tomás]. Repositorio Institucional.http://hdl.handle.net/11634/38729repourl:https://repository.usta.edu.coEn este trabajo se presenta el estado del arte y los métodos para identificar los suelos colapsables. La investigación consistió en recopilar información para la identificación de este tipo de suelos, describiendo las técnicas experimentales que sirven para conocer su comportamiento y que a partir del análisis permiten delimitar su susceptibilidad a este problema. La identificación de la colapsabilidad en los proyectos ayuda a minimizar problemas de fallas en estructuras, lo cual se traduce en prevenir pérdida de vidas humanas y económicas en ingeniería, siendo importante para futuras investigaciones que desean ampliar y comprender mejor el comportamiento de estos tipos de suelo. Los suelos colapsables cubren un 10% de la superficie terrestre, se encuentran en regiones importantes, distribuidos en áreas áridas y semiáridas (Mansour Zaid et al., 2008).Estos suelos causan problemas en las obras de ingeniería civil por los asentamientos diferenciales de gran magnitud. El fenómeno se relaciona principalmente con la estructura abierta y suelta que pueden presentar cambios repentinos en el volumen, con o sin el aumento de cargas externas. Varias clasificaciones de colapso del suelo se basan en las propiedades físicos mecánicas y parámetros como el contenido de agua, los esfuerzos máximos que producen el colapso, el porcentaje de arcilla (material fino) y densidad. Para esta investigación se consultaron trabajos experimentales en los que se realizaron pruebas de laboratorio in situ, para ciertos tipos de suelos que mostraron indicios de colapsibilidad y se midieron directamente los cambios en las propiedades que llevaban al colapso. Este documento proporciona una revisión de los suelos colapsables que incluyen las características mineralogía, clasificación, tipos de estructura, tipos de colapso y métodos de identificación en el laboratorio.This paper presents the state of the art and methods for identifying the collapsible soils. The research involved collecting information for identifying this type of soil, describing the experimental techniques used to know their behavior and that from the analysis allow to delimit their susceptibility to this problem. Identifying collapsibility projects helps minimize problems of failures in structures, which results in preventing loss of life and economic lives engineering, being important for future research who want to expand and better understand the behavior of these types of soil . The collapsible soils cover 10% of Earth's surface, are in important regions, distributed in arid and semi-arid areas (Mansour Zaid et to the., 2008) soils .These cause problems in civil engineering by differential settlement of great magnitude. The phenomenon is mainly related to the open and loose structure which can have sudden changes in volume, with or without increased external loads. Several classifications collapse of the ground are based on mechanical properties and physical parameters such as water content, maximum efforts to produce the collapse, the percentage of clay (fine material) and density. For this research experimental work in which laboratory tests were performed in situ, for certain types of soils that showed signs of collapsibility and changes they are directly measured properties leading to collapse consulted. This document provides a review of the collapsible soils include mineralogical characteristics, classification, structure types, types of collapse and identification methods in the laboratory.Pregradoapplication/pdfAtribución-NoComercial-SinDerivadas 2.5 Colombiahttp://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/2.5/co/Abierto (Texto Completo)info:eu-repo/semantics/openAccesshttp://purl.org/coar/access_right/c_abf2Métodos para Identificar Suelos ColapsablesPregrado Ingeniería CivilCollapsible soilsIdentification methodsPhysical and mechanical propertiesGeotechnicsAnálisis del sueloSuelos-- InvestigacionesEstabilización de suelosSuelos colapsablesMétodos de identificaciónPropiedades físicas y mecánicasGeotecniaTrabajo de gradoinfo:eu-repo/semantics/acceptedVersionFormación de Recurso Humano para la Ctel: Trabajo de grado de Pregradohttp://purl.org/coar/resource_type/c_7a1finfo:eu-repo/semantics/bachelorThesisCRAI-USTA BogotáAbelev Y.M. & Abelev M.O.Y. (1979). 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Fronteras de la arquitectura y la ingeniería civil en China, 3 (3), pp. 305–311. doi: 10.1007 / s11709-009-0040-3.1CC-LICENSElicense_rdflicense_rdfapplication/rdf+xml; charset=utf-8811https://repository.usta.edu.co/bitstream/11634/38729/6/license_rdf217700a34da79ed616c2feb68d4c5e06MD56open accessORIGINAL2021ericaramirez.pdf2021ericaramirez.pdfTrabajo de gradoapplication/pdf1153676https://repository.usta.edu.co/bitstream/11634/38729/3/2021ericaramirez.pdfb9425743c63d57edae0d9d9618b9a8abMD53open access211123_CRAI_RamirezGarzon_signed.pdf211123_CRAI_RamirezGarzon_signed.pdfCarta de Facultad de ingeniería civilapplication/pdf72316https://repository.usta.edu.co/bitstream/11634/38729/4/211123_CRAI_RamirezGarzon_signed.pdfcc871883cef5f020db10a6c60dfbe82eMD54metadata only accesscarta de autorización autoarchivo.pdfcarta de autorización autoarchivo.pdfCarta de autorización autoarchivoapplication/pdf318386https://repository.usta.edu.co/bitstream/11634/38729/5/carta%20de%20autorizaci%c3%b3n%20autoarchivo.pdf409580221d89c82149b52ce3a8880612MD55metadata only accessLICENSElicense.txtlicense.txttext/plain; charset=utf-8807https://repository.usta.edu.co/bitstream/11634/38729/7/license.txtaedeaf396fcd827b537c73d23464fc27MD57open accessTHUMBNAIL2021ericaramirez.pdf.jpg2021ericaramirez.pdf.jpgIM Thumbnailimage/jpeg3941https://repository.usta.edu.co/bitstream/11634/38729/8/2021ericaramirez.pdf.jpga16563cc42ecd0d9acb6630a9aa134d3MD58open access211123_CRAI_RamirezGarzon_signed.pdf.jpg211123_CRAI_RamirezGarzon_signed.pdf.jpgIM Thumbnailimage/jpeg6629https://repository.usta.edu.co/bitstream/11634/38729/9/211123_CRAI_RamirezGarzon_signed.pdf.jpg3795e0ac0aabc4abf053812d32a5642dMD59open accesscarta de autorización autoarchivo.pdf.jpgcarta de autorización autoarchivo.pdf.jpgIM Thumbnailimage/jpeg7097https://repository.usta.edu.co/bitstream/11634/38729/10/carta%20de%20autorizaci%c3%b3n%20autoarchivo.pdf.jpg09da2edbdd3072e9feb489678fead008MD510open access11634/38729oai:repository.usta.edu.co:11634/387292022-10-10 16:34:02.343open accessRepositorio Universidad Santo Tomásrepositorio@usantotomas.edu.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

Métodos para Identificar Suelos Colapsables

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