Cognición de grupo y cognición de enjambre en la solución del problema del agente viajero

In this paper collective problem solving is explored by comparing the human group performance and swarm intelligence algorithms. The study involved thirty university students from different academic programs, aged between eighteen and thirty years were assigned comprised of three, five or seven-memb...

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Autores:
Martínez, Juan Felipe
Tipo de recurso:
Fecha de publicación:
2014
Institución:
Universidad de San Buenaventura
Repositorio:
Repositorio USB
Idioma:
spa
OAI Identifier:
oai:bibliotecadigital.usb.edu.co:10819/4844
Acceso en línea:
http://hdl.handle.net/10819/4844
Palabra clave:
Cognición grupal
Consenso
Cognición de enjambre
Resolución colectiva problemas
Group cognition
Consensus
Swarm cognition
Collective problem solving
Cognición social
Desempeño y análisis de tareas
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License
Atribución-NoComercial-SinDerivadas 2.5 Colombia
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oai_identifier_str oai:bibliotecadigital.usb.edu.co:10819/4844
network_acronym_str SANBUENAV2
network_name_str Repositorio USB
repository_id_str
dc.title.spa.fl_str_mv Cognición de grupo y cognición de enjambre en la solución del problema del agente viajero
dc.title.alternative.spa.fl_str_mv Group cognition and swarm cognition in solving the traveling salesman problem
title Cognición de grupo y cognición de enjambre en la solución del problema del agente viajero
spellingShingle Cognición de grupo y cognición de enjambre en la solución del problema del agente viajero
Cognición grupal
Consenso
Cognición de enjambre
Resolución colectiva problemas
Group cognition
Consensus
Swarm cognition
Collective problem solving
Cognición social
Desempeño y análisis de tareas
title_short Cognición de grupo y cognición de enjambre en la solución del problema del agente viajero
title_full Cognición de grupo y cognición de enjambre en la solución del problema del agente viajero
title_fullStr Cognición de grupo y cognición de enjambre en la solución del problema del agente viajero
title_full_unstemmed Cognición de grupo y cognición de enjambre en la solución del problema del agente viajero
title_sort Cognición de grupo y cognición de enjambre en la solución del problema del agente viajero
dc.creator.fl_str_mv Martínez, Juan Felipe
dc.contributor.author.none.fl_str_mv Martínez, Juan Felipe
dc.subject.spa.fl_str_mv Cognición grupal
Consenso
Cognición de enjambre
Resolución colectiva problemas
Group cognition
Consensus
Swarm cognition
Collective problem solving
topic Cognición grupal
Consenso
Cognición de enjambre
Resolución colectiva problemas
Group cognition
Consensus
Swarm cognition
Collective problem solving
Cognición social
Desempeño y análisis de tareas
dc.subject.lemb.spa.fl_str_mv Cognición social
Desempeño y análisis de tareas
description In this paper collective problem solving is explored by comparing the human group performance and swarm intelligence algorithms. The study involved thirty university students from different academic programs, aged between eighteen and thirty years were assigned comprised of three, five or seven-member groups. Spatial version (open field) of the traveling salesman problem was used. The participants’ performance was compared with the performance of algorithms collective intelligence of swarms. The results show some similarities between cognition and group cognition swarm in the mechanisms of information processing strategies of collective organization and patterns of choice or consensus strategies.
publishDate 2014
dc.date.issued.none.fl_str_mv 2014-01
dc.date.accessioned.none.fl_str_mv 2017-11-03T13:15:44Z
dc.date.available.none.fl_str_mv 2017-11-03T13:15:44Z
dc.date.submitted.none.fl_str_mv 2017-11-02
dc.type.spa.fl_str_mv Artículo de revista
dc.type.coar.fl_str_mv http://purl.org/coar/resource_type/c_2df8fbb1
dc.type.spa.spa.fl_str_mv Artículo
dc.type.driver.spa.fl_str_mv info:eu-repo/semantics/article
dc.type.hasVersion.spa.fl_str_mv info:eu-repo/semantics/published
dc.identifier.issn.none.fl_str_mv 1794-192X
2256-3202 (en línea)
dc.identifier.uri.none.fl_str_mv http://hdl.handle.net/10819/4844
identifier_str_mv 1794-192X
2256-3202 (en línea)
url http://hdl.handle.net/10819/4844
dc.language.iso.spa.fl_str_mv spa
language spa
dc.relation.ispartofseries.none.fl_str_mv Revista Científica Guillermo de Ockham;Vol. 12, No. 1. Enero-Junio de 2014
dc.rights.coar.fl_str_mv http://purl.org/coar/access_right/c_abf2
dc.rights.cc.spa.fl_str_mv Atribución-NoComercial-SinDerivadas 2.5 Colombia
dc.rights.uri.spa.fl_str_mv http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/2.5/co/
rights_invalid_str_mv Atribución-NoComercial-SinDerivadas 2.5 Colombia
http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/2.5/co/
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dc.format.spa.fl_str_mv pdf
dc.format.extent.spa.fl_str_mv 9 - 18 páginas
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dc.publisher.spa.fl_str_mv Universidad de San Buenaventura - Cali
dc.publisher.faculty.spa.fl_str_mv Documento USB
dc.publisher.program.spa.fl_str_mv Documentos USB
dc.publisher.sede.spa.fl_str_mv Cali
dc.source.spa.fl_str_mv Revista Científica Guillermo de Ockham
institution Universidad de San Buenaventura
dc.source.bibliographicCitation.spa.fl_str_mv Bonabeau, E., Dodigo, M., & Theraulaz, G. (1999). Swarm Intelligence, from natural to artificial Systems. New York: Oxford University Press. Brodbeckn, F. C., Kerschreiter, R., Mojzisch A., Frey D., & Schulz-Hardt, S. (2002). The dissemination of critical, unshared information in decision-making groups: the effects of pre-discussion dissent. European Journal of Social Psychology, 32, 35-56. doi: 10.1002/ejsp.74 Chemers, M. (2000). Leadership research and theory: A functional integration. Group Dynamics: Theory, Research, and Practice, 4(1), 27-43. doi: 10.1037//1089-2699.4.1.27 Chronicle, E. P., MacGregor, J. N., Lee, M., Ormerod, T. C., & Hughes, P. (2008). Individual Differences in Optimization Problem Solving: Reconciling Conflicting Results. The Journal of Problem Solving 2(1), 41-49. doi: http://dx.doi.org/10.7771/1932-6246.1030 Gershenson, C. (2010). Computing Networks: A general framework to contrast neural and swarm cognitions. Paladyn journal of behavioral robotics, 1(2), 147-153. doi: 10.2478/s13230-010-0015-z Gershenson, C. (2004). Cognitive Paradigms: Which One is the Best? Cognitive Systems Research, 5(2), 135-156. Goldstone, R. L., Jones, A., & Roberts, M. E. (2006). Group path formation. IEEE Transactions on System, Man, and Cybernetics, Part A, 36, 611-620. Greitemeyer, T., & Schulz-Hardt, S. (2003). Preference-consistent evaluation of information in the hidden profile paradigm: beyond group-level explanations for the dominance of shared information in group decisions. J. Personal. Soc. Psychol. 84(2), 322-339. doi: 10.1037/0022-3514.84.2.322 Johnson, S. (2003). Sistemas emergentes. México: Fondo de cultura económica. Kameda, T., & Hastie, R. (1999). Social sharedness and adaptation: adaptive group decision heuristics. Presented at 17th Subj. Probabil., Util., Decis.-Mak. Conf., Mannheim, Ger. Kameda, T., Takezawa, M., Tindale, R.S. & Smith, C. M. (2002). Social sharing and risk reduction: exploring a computational algorithm for the psychology of windfall gains. Evolution and Human Behavior 23, 11–33. Karaboga, D. (2010). Artificial bee colony algorithm. Scholarpedia, 5(3), 6915. doi:10.4249/scholarpedia.6915 Karaboga, D., & Akay, B. (2009). A Survey: Algorithms Simulating Bee Swarm Intelligence. Artificial Intelligence Review, 31(1), 68-85. Krause, J., Graeme, D. R., & Krause, S. (2009). Swarm intelligence in animals and Humans. Elsevier 25(1), 28-34. doi:10.1016/j.tree.2009.06.016 Krause, S., James, R., Faria, J. J., Ruxton, G. D., & Krause, J. (2011). Swarm intelligence in humans: diversity can trump ability. Animal Behaviour, 81(5), 941-948. doi: 10.1016/j.anbehav.2010.12.018 Kravitz, D. A. & Martin, B. (1986). Ringelmann rediscovered: The original article. Journal of Personality and Social Psychology, 50, 936-941. Lee, M. D., & Cummins, T. D. R. (2004). Evidence accumulation in decision making: Unifying the "take the best" and the "rational" models. Psychonomic Bulletin & Review, 11(2), 343-352. Macgregor, J. N., & Ormerod, T. C. (1996). Human performance on the travelling salesman problem. Perception & Psychophysics 58(4), 527-539. Macgregor, J. N., Ormerod, T. C., & Chronicle, E. (2000). A model of human performance on the traveling salesperson problem. Memory & Cognition, 28(7), 1183-1190. Marshall, J. R., Bogacz R., Dornhaus A., Planqué R., Kovacs T. & Franks N. R. (2009) On optimal decision-making in brains and social insect colonies. Journal of the Royal Society Interface. doi: 10.1098/rsif.2008.0511 Newell, B., & Lee, M. (2011). The Right Tool for the Job? Comparing an Evidence Accumulation and a Naïve Strategy Selection Model of Decision Making. Journal of Behavioral Decision Making. 40, 946–956. Passino, K. M., Seeley, T. D., & Visscher, P. K., (2004). Quorum sensing during nest-site selection by honey bee swarms. Behav Ecol Sociobiol 56, 594-601. doi: 10.1007/s00265-004-0814-5 Passino, K. M., Seeley, T. D., & Visscher, P. K. (2008). Swarm cognition in honey bees. Behavioral Ecology and Sociobiology 62, 401-414. Seeley, T. D., Visscher P. K., & Passino K. M. (2008). Group decision making in honey bee swarms. American Scientist Online, 94(3), 1-9. Trianni, V. (2008). Swarm Cognition. Workshop ISTC-CNR, Rome Italy. Trianni, V. Tuci, E., Passino, K. M., & Marshall, A. R. (2011). Swarm Cognition: an interdisciplinary approach to the study of self-organising biological collectives Swarm Intell, 5, 3–18. doi 10.1007/s11721-010-0050-8 Van Ginkel, W. P., & van Knippenberg, D. L (2012). Group leadership and shared task representations in decision making groups. The Leadership Quarterly, 23(1), 94-106. doi: 10.1016/j.leaqua.2011.11.008 Van Ginkel, W. P., & van Knippenberg, D. L. (2008). Group information Elaboration and group decision making: The role of shared task representations. Organizational Behavior and Human Decision Processes 13(4), 265-280. doi: 10.1037/a0016045 Vickers, D., Butavicius, M., Lee, M. D., & Medvedev, A. (2001). Human performance on visually presented traveling salesman problems. Psychological Research 65(1), 34-45. doi:10.1007/s004260000031 Vickers, D., Lee, M. D., Dry, M., & Hughes, P. (2003). The roles of the convex hull and the number of potential intersections in performance on visually presented traveling salesperson problems. Memory Cognition, 31(7), 1094-1104. Winquist, J. R. & Larson JR. (1998). Information pooling: When it impacts group decision making. Journal of Personality and Social Psychology, 74(2), 371-377. Wittenbaum, G. M.,Hubbell, A. P., & Zuckerman, C. (1999). Mutual enhancement: Toward An understanding of the collective preference for shared information. Journal of Personality and Social Psychology, 77(5), 967-978. Yaniv I. & Kleinberger E. (2000). Advice taking in decision-making: Egocentric discounting and reputation formation. Organizational Behavior and Human Decision Processes, 83(2):260-281. doi: 10.1006/obhd.2000.2909
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spelling Comunidad Científica y AcadémicaMartínez, Juan Felipe2ba563ea-873b-4b18-825f-8bc7c1da0477-12017-11-03T13:15:44Z2017-11-03T13:15:44Z2014-012017-11-02In this paper collective problem solving is explored by comparing the human group performance and swarm intelligence algorithms. The study involved thirty university students from different academic programs, aged between eighteen and thirty years were assigned comprised of three, five or seven-member groups. Spatial version (open field) of the traveling salesman problem was used. The participants’ performance was compared with the performance of algorithms collective intelligence of swarms. The results show some similarities between cognition and group cognition swarm in the mechanisms of information processing strategies of collective organization and patterns of choice or consensus strategies.En este trabajo se explora la solución colectiva de problemas mediante la comparación del desempeño grupal humano y los algoritmos de inteligencia de enjambres. En el estudio participaron treinta estudiantes universitarios de distintos programas académicos, con edades entre dieciocho y treinta años que fueron asignados en grupos conformados por tres, cinco o siete integrantes. Se utilizó una versión espacial (campo abierto) del problema del agente viajero. El desempeño de los participantes se comparó con la ejecución de algoritmos de inteligencia colectiva de enjambres. Los resultados muestran algunas semejanzas entre la cognición de grupo y la cognición de enjambre en los mecanismos de procesamiento de información, las estrategias de organización colectiva y las pautas de elección o estrategias de consenso.Universidad de San Buenaventura - Calipdf9 - 18 páginasRecurso en lineaapplication/pdf1794-192X2256-3202 (en línea)http://hdl.handle.net/10819/4844spaUniversidad de San Buenaventura - CaliDocumento USBDocumentos USBCaliRevista Científica Guillermo de Ockham;Vol. 12, No. 1. Enero-Junio de 2014Atribución-NoComercial-SinDerivadas 2.5 ColombiaPor medio de este formato manifiesto mi voluntad de AUTORIZAR a la Universidad de San Buenaventura, Sede Bogotá, Seccionales Medellín, Cali y Cartagena, la difusión en texto completo de manera gratuita y por tiempo indefinido en la Biblioteca Digital Universidad de San Buenaventura, el documento académico-investigativo objeto de la presente autorización, con fines estrictamente educativos, científicos y culturales, en los términos establecidos en la Ley 23 de 1982, Ley 44 de 1993, Decisión Andina 351 de 1993, Decreto 460 de 1995 y demás normas generales sobre derechos de autor. Como autor manifiesto que el presente documento académico-investigativo es original y se realiza sin violar o usurpar derechos de autor de terceros, por lo tanto, la obra es de mi exclusiva autora y poseo la titularidad sobre la misma. La Universidad de San Buenaventura no será responsable de ninguna utilización indebida del documento por parte de terceros y será exclusivamente mi responsabilidad atender personalmente cualquier reclamación que pueda presentarse a la Universidad. Autorizo a la Biblioteca Digital de la Universidad de San Buenaventura convertir el documento al formato que el repositorio lo requiera (impreso, digital, electrónico o cualquier otro conocido o por conocer) o con fines de preservación digital. Esta autorización no implica renuncia a la facultad que tengo de publicar posteriormente la obra, en forma total o parcial, por lo cual podrá, dando aviso por escrito con no menos de un mes de antelación, solicitar que el documento deje de estar disponible para el público en la Biblioteca Digital de la Universidad de San Buenaventura, así mismo, cuando se requiera por razones legales y/o reglas del editor de una revista.http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/2.5/co/http://purl.org/coar/access_right/c_abf2Revista Científica Guillermo de OckhamBonabeau, E., Dodigo, M., & Theraulaz, G. (1999). Swarm Intelligence, from natural to artificial Systems. New York: Oxford University Press. Brodbeckn, F. C., Kerschreiter, R., Mojzisch A., Frey D., & Schulz-Hardt, S. (2002). The dissemination of critical, unshared information in decision-making groups: the effects of pre-discussion dissent. European Journal of Social Psychology, 32, 35-56. doi: 10.1002/ejsp.74 Chemers, M. (2000). Leadership research and theory: A functional integration. Group Dynamics: Theory, Research, and Practice, 4(1), 27-43. doi: 10.1037//1089-2699.4.1.27 Chronicle, E. P., MacGregor, J. N., Lee, M., Ormerod, T. C., & Hughes, P. (2008). Individual Differences in Optimization Problem Solving: Reconciling Conflicting Results. The Journal of Problem Solving 2(1), 41-49. doi: http://dx.doi.org/10.7771/1932-6246.1030 Gershenson, C. (2010). Computing Networks: A general framework to contrast neural and swarm cognitions. Paladyn journal of behavioral robotics, 1(2), 147-153. doi: 10.2478/s13230-010-0015-z Gershenson, C. (2004). Cognitive Paradigms: Which One is the Best? Cognitive Systems Research, 5(2), 135-156. Goldstone, R. L., Jones, A., & Roberts, M. E. (2006). Group path formation. IEEE Transactions on System, Man, and Cybernetics, Part A, 36, 611-620. Greitemeyer, T., & Schulz-Hardt, S. (2003). Preference-consistent evaluation of information in the hidden profile paradigm: beyond group-level explanations for the dominance of shared information in group decisions. J. Personal. Soc. Psychol. 84(2), 322-339. doi: 10.1037/0022-3514.84.2.322 Johnson, S. (2003). Sistemas emergentes. México: Fondo de cultura económica. Kameda, T., & Hastie, R. (1999). Social sharedness and adaptation: adaptive group decision heuristics. Presented at 17th Subj. Probabil., Util., Decis.-Mak. Conf., Mannheim, Ger. Kameda, T., Takezawa, M., Tindale, R.S. & Smith, C. M. (2002). Social sharing and risk reduction: exploring a computational algorithm for the psychology of windfall gains. Evolution and Human Behavior 23, 11–33. Karaboga, D. (2010). Artificial bee colony algorithm. Scholarpedia, 5(3), 6915. doi:10.4249/scholarpedia.6915 Karaboga, D., & Akay, B. (2009). A Survey: Algorithms Simulating Bee Swarm Intelligence. Artificial Intelligence Review, 31(1), 68-85. Krause, J., Graeme, D. R., & Krause, S. (2009). Swarm intelligence in animals and Humans. Elsevier 25(1), 28-34. doi:10.1016/j.tree.2009.06.016 Krause, S., James, R., Faria, J. J., Ruxton, G. D., & Krause, J. (2011). Swarm intelligence in humans: diversity can trump ability. Animal Behaviour, 81(5), 941-948. doi: 10.1016/j.anbehav.2010.12.018 Kravitz, D. A. & Martin, B. (1986). Ringelmann rediscovered: The original article. Journal of Personality and Social Psychology, 50, 936-941. Lee, M. D., & Cummins, T. D. R. (2004). Evidence accumulation in decision making: Unifying the "take the best" and the "rational" models. Psychonomic Bulletin & Review, 11(2), 343-352. Macgregor, J. N., & Ormerod, T. C. (1996). Human performance on the travelling salesman problem. Perception & Psychophysics 58(4), 527-539. Macgregor, J. N., Ormerod, T. C., & Chronicle, E. (2000). A model of human performance on the traveling salesperson problem. Memory & Cognition, 28(7), 1183-1190. Marshall, J. R., Bogacz R., Dornhaus A., Planqué R., Kovacs T. & Franks N. R. (2009) On optimal decision-making in brains and social insect colonies. Journal of the Royal Society Interface. doi: 10.1098/rsif.2008.0511 Newell, B., & Lee, M. (2011). The Right Tool for the Job? Comparing an Evidence Accumulation and a Naïve Strategy Selection Model of Decision Making. Journal of Behavioral Decision Making. 40, 946–956. Passino, K. M., Seeley, T. D., & Visscher, P. K., (2004). Quorum sensing during nest-site selection by honey bee swarms. Behav Ecol Sociobiol 56, 594-601. doi: 10.1007/s00265-004-0814-5 Passino, K. M., Seeley, T. D., & Visscher, P. K. (2008). Swarm cognition in honey bees. Behavioral Ecology and Sociobiology 62, 401-414. Seeley, T. D., Visscher P. K., & Passino K. M. (2008). Group decision making in honey bee swarms. American Scientist Online, 94(3), 1-9. Trianni, V. (2008). Swarm Cognition. Workshop ISTC-CNR, Rome Italy. Trianni, V. Tuci, E., Passino, K. M., & Marshall, A. R. (2011). Swarm Cognition: an interdisciplinary approach to the study of self-organising biological collectives Swarm Intell, 5, 3–18. doi 10.1007/s11721-010-0050-8 Van Ginkel, W. P., & van Knippenberg, D. L (2012). Group leadership and shared task representations in decision making groups. The Leadership Quarterly, 23(1), 94-106. doi: 10.1016/j.leaqua.2011.11.008 Van Ginkel, W. P., & van Knippenberg, D. L. (2008). Group information Elaboration and group decision making: The role of shared task representations. Organizational Behavior and Human Decision Processes 13(4), 265-280. doi: 10.1037/a0016045 Vickers, D., Butavicius, M., Lee, M. D., & Medvedev, A. (2001). Human performance on visually presented traveling salesman problems. Psychological Research 65(1), 34-45. doi:10.1007/s004260000031 Vickers, D., Lee, M. D., Dry, M., & Hughes, P. (2003). The roles of the convex hull and the number of potential intersections in performance on visually presented traveling salesperson problems. Memory Cognition, 31(7), 1094-1104. Winquist, J. R. & Larson JR. (1998). Information pooling: When it impacts group decision making. Journal of Personality and Social Psychology, 74(2), 371-377. Wittenbaum, G. M.,Hubbell, A. P., & Zuckerman, C. (1999). Mutual enhancement: Toward An understanding of the collective preference for shared information. Journal of Personality and Social Psychology, 77(5), 967-978. Yaniv I. & Kleinberger E. (2000). Advice taking in decision-making: Egocentric discounting and reputation formation. Organizational Behavior and Human Decision Processes, 83(2):260-281. doi: 10.1006/obhd.2000.2909Universidad de San Buenaventura - CaliCali, Hemeroteca 3er. pisoBiblioteca Digital Universidad de San BuenaventuraCognición grupalConsensoCognición de enjambreResolución colectiva problemasGroup cognitionConsensusSwarm cognitionCollective problem solvingCognición socialDesempeño y análisis de tareasCognición de grupo y cognición de enjambre en la solución del problema del agente viajeroGroup cognition and swarm cognition in solving the traveling salesman problemArtículo de revistaArtículoinfo:eu-repo/semantics/articleinfo:eu-repo/semantics/publishedhttp://purl.org/coar/resource_type/c_2df8fbb1PublicationORIGINAL27-51-1-PB.pdf27-51-1-PB.pdfapplication/pdf189509https://bibliotecadigital.usb.edu.co/bitstreams/e02e27cc-b1e8-472e-b64f-7a5d6a73fb6a/download1f60b9c15c69143c347783f0f4322389MD51LICENSElicense.txtlicense.txttext/plain; charset=utf-82071https://bibliotecadigital.usb.edu.co/bitstreams/9340f812-d7c4-4e85-bf57-07752699b2bc/download0c7b7184e7583ec671a5d9e43f0939c0MD52TEXT27-51-1-PB.pdf.txt27-51-1-PB.pdf.txtExtracted texttext/plain44312https://bibliotecadigital.usb.edu.co/bitstreams/d057e1b9-4095-4ae8-b02d-e54e017fdfdd/downloada9c26f94d00d3bf479c764a18477b840MD53THUMBNAIL27-51-1-PB.pdf.jpg27-51-1-PB.pdf.jpgGenerated Thumbnailimage/jpeg12058https://bibliotecadigital.usb.edu.co/bitstreams/c87f5e62-8387-4231-a1e7-9c9f390ed089/downloadce36e7aa8da63ef39fdf484ba24d2d87MD5410819/4844oai:bibliotecadigital.usb.edu.co:10819/48442023-04-12 16:47:19.605http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/2.5/co/https://bibliotecadigital.usb.edu.coRepositorio Institucional Universidad de San Buenaventura Colombiabdigital@metabiblioteca.comPGNlbnRlcj4KPGgzPkJJQkxJT1RFQ0EgRElHSVRBTCBVTklWRVJTSURBRCBERSBTQU4gQlVFTkFWRU5UVVJBIC0gQ09MT01CSUE8L2gzPgo8cD4KVMOpcm1pbm9zIGRlIGxhIGxpY2VuY2lhIGdlbmVyYWwgcGFyYSBwdWJsaWNhY2nDs24gZGUgb2JyYXMgZW4gZWwgcmVwb3NpdG9yaW8gaW5zdGl0dWNpb25hbDwvcD48L2NlbnRlcj4KPFAgQUxJR049Y2VudGVyPgpQb3IgbWVkaW8gZGUgZXN0ZSBmb3JtYXRvIG1hbmlmaWVzdG8gbWkgdm9sdW50YWQgZGUgQVVUT1JJWkFSIGEgbGEgVW5pdmVyc2lkYWQgZGUgU2FuIEJ1ZW5hdmVudHVyYSwgU2VkZSBCb2dvdMOhIHkgPEJSPlNlY2Npb25hbGVzIE1lZGVsbMOtbiwgQ2FsaSB5IENhcnRhZ2VuYSwgbGEgZGlmdXNpw7NuIGVuIHRleHRvIGNvbXBsZXRvIGRlIG1hbmVyYSBncmF0dWl0YSB5IHBvciB0aWVtcG8gaW5kZWZpbmlkbyBlbiBsYTxCUj4gQmlibGlvdGVjYSBEaWdpdGFsIFVuaXZlcnNpZGFkIGRlIFNhbiBCdWVuYXZlbnR1cmEsIGVsIGRvY3VtZW50byBhY2Fkw6ltaWNvIC0gaW52ZXN0aWdhdGl2byBvYmpldG8gZGUgbGEgcHJlc2VudGUgPEJSPmF1dG9yaXphY2nDs24sIGNvbiBmaW5lcyBlc3RyaWN0YW1lbnRlIGVkdWNhdGl2b3MsIGNpZW50w63CrWZpY29zIHkgY3VsdHVyYWxlcywgZW4gbG9zIHTDqXJtaW5vcyBlc3RhYmxlY2lkb3MgZW4gbGEgTGV5IDIzIGRlIDxCUj4gMTk4MiwgTGV5IDQ0IGRlIDE5OTMsIERlY2lzacOzbiBBbmRpbmEgMzUxIGRlIDE5OTMsIERlY3JldG8gNDYwIGRlIDE5OTUgeSBkZW3DoXMgbm9ybWFzIGdlbmVyYWxlcyBzb2JyZSBkZXJlY2hvczxCUj4gZGUgYXV0b3IuIDxCUj4gCiAKQ29tbyBhdXRvciBtYW5pZmllc3RvIHF1ZSBlbCBwcmVzZW50ZSBkb2N1bWVudG8gYWNhZMOpbWljbyAtIGludmVzdGlnYXRpdm8gZXMgb3JpZ2luYWwgeSBzZSByZWFsaXrDsyBzaW4gdmlvbGFyIG8gPEJSPiB1c3VycGFyIGRlcmVjaG9zIGRlIGF1dG9yIGRlIHRlcmNlcm9zLCBwb3IgbG8gdGFudG8sIGxhIG9icmEgZXMgZGUgbWkgZXhjbHVzaXZhIGF1dG9yw63CrWEgeSBwb3NlbyBsYSB0aXR1bGFyaWRhZCA8QlI+IHNvYnJlIGxhIG1pc21hLiBMYSBVbml2ZXJzaWRhZCBkZSBTYW4gQnVlbmF2ZW50dXJhIG5vIHNlcsOhIHJlc3BvbnNhYmxlIGRlIG5pbmd1bmEgdXRpbGl6YWNpw7NuIGluZGViaWRhIGRlbCBkb2N1bWVudG8gPEJSPnBvciBwYXJ0ZSBkZSB0ZXJjZXJvcyB5IHNlcsOhIGV4Y2x1c2l2YW1lbnRlIG1pIHJlc3BvbnNhYmlsaWRhZCBhdGVuZGVyIHBlcnNvbmFsbWVudGUgY3VhbHF1aWVyIHJlY2xhbWFjacOzbiBxdWUgcHVlZGE8QlI+IHByZXNlbnRhcnNlIGEgbGEgVW5pdmVyc2lkYWQuIDxCUj4KIApBdXRvcml6byBhIGxhIEJpYmxpb3RlY2EgRGlnaXRhbCBkZSBsYSBVbml2ZXJzaWRhZCBkZSBTYW4gQnVlbmF2ZW50dXJhIGNvbnZlcnRpciBlbCBkb2N1bWVudG8gYWwgZm9ybWF0byBxdWUgZWwgPEJSPnJlcG9zaXRvcmlvIGxvIHJlcXVpZXJhIChpbXByZXNvLCBkaWdpdGFsLCBlbGVjdHLDs25pY28gbyBjdWFscXVpZXIgb3RybyBjb25vY2lkbyBvIHBvciBjb25vY2VyKSBvIGNvbiBmaW5lcyBkZTxCUj4gcHJlc2VydmFjacOzbiBkaWdpdGFsLiA8QlI+CiAKRXN0YSBhdXRvcml6YWNpw7NuIG5vIGltcGxpY2EgcmVudW5jaWEgYSBsYSBmYWN1bHRhZCBxdWUgdGVuZ28gZGUgcHVibGljYXIgcG9zdGVyaW9ybWVudGUgbGEgb2JyYSwgZW4gZm9ybWEgdG90YWwgbyA8QlI+cGFyY2lhbCwgcG9yIGxvIGN1YWwgcG9kcsOpLCBkYW5kbyBhdmlzbyBwb3IgZXNjcml0byBjb24gbm8gbWVub3MgZGUgdW4gbWVzIGRlIGFudGVsYWNpw7NuLCBzb2xpY2l0YXIgcXVlIGVsIDxCUj5kb2N1bWVudG8gZGVqZSBkZSBlc3RhciBkaXNwb25pYmxlIHBhcmEgZWwgcMO6YmxpY28gZW4gbGEgQmlibGlvdGVjYSBEaWdpdGFsIGRlIGxhIFVuaXZlcnNpZGFkIGRlIFNhbiBCdWVuYXZlbnR1cmEsIDxCUj4gYXPDrcKtIG1pc21vLCBjdWFuZG8gc2UgcmVxdWllcmEgcG9yIHJhem9uZXMgbGVnYWxlcyB5L28gcmVnbGFzIGRlbCBlZGl0b3IgZGUgdW5hIHJldmlzdGEuIDxCUj48L1A+Cg==

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