Incidencia del porcentaje de abertura de las ventanas en la ventilación natural y el ruido de fondo en tres tipos diferentes de aulas de básica primaria en Medellín, Colombia

This study was made in Colombia, a country located in the intertropical convergence zone, characterized by warm and humid winds, coming from the northern and southern latitudes. Colombia’s weather, despite being highly torrid, due to the perpendicularity of the sun’s rays, has a large number of thermal floors that make the climate fluctuate, due to its location near the Andes Mountain Arange. This study was developed specifically in the city of Medellín, located at 6.25° of the northern latitude he study was developed specifically in the city of Medellín, located at 6.25° of the northern latitude, with an average height of 1495 meters above sea level and with a hot sub-Andean humid climate (Narváez-Bravo & León-Aristizábal, 2001). These are important characteristics that should be taken into consideration for the measurement of the environment in the primary school classrooms considered in this study. 3 types of primary school classrooms were evaluated in the city of Medellín for this study: 1) square; 2) rectangular with openings on wide side; and 3) rectangular with openings on its short side. The names of these last two are rectangular and deep rectangular, respectively, which must comply with the Colombian Technical Standard (NTC) 4595 (Colombian Institute of Technical Standards and Certification [ICONTEC] & Colombia, Ministry of National Education, 2015). Five aperture percentages were evaluated with respect to the span's total area: 20%, 40%, 60%, 80% and 100% in three proportion types referencing its dimensions: 1:2, 1:3, and 2:3. Given 15 different cases of spans evaluated, the aperture at a 100% complies with the entrance suggested in NTC 4595 (2006). It's also the only one that adjusts with the proportions. Under NTC 4595 2015, updated from 2006, Medellin's weather doesn't fit into mild category, because its temperature ranges from 18 to a 24 °C. Neither does it fit into the warm-humid category because its humidity ranges are above 75%. Nevertheless, this inconvenient was resolved by using 1/6 of the space’s area, which is the suggested area for venting, according to NTC 4595 norm of 2006 (Instituto Colombiano de Normas Técnicas y Certificación [ICONTEC] & Colombia. Ministerio de Educación Nacional), which adjusted better to Medellin’s climate. Two models were made: 1) with the help of Autodesk CFD software (Computational Fluid Dynamics), in terms of wind; and 2) with the TL (Tansmission Loss) combined, in terms of noise. The wind and noise evaluations in the different combinations of classroom and percentage of window opening, show that: the three different classroom forms have no relationship with the ventilated area nor with the degrees of attenuation; the proportion of the span is not related to attenuation levels; and, the proportion that has greater simultaneous effects is 2: 3, with 40% opening in the square classroom

• Autores: Arredondo Rincón, José Luis
• Fecha de publicación: 2019
• Institución: Universidad de San Buenaventura
• Repositorio: Repositorio USB
• Idioma: spa
• OAI Identifier: oai:bibliotecadigital.usb.edu.co:10819/7043
• Acceso en línea: http://hdl.handle.net/10819/7043
• Palabra clave: Aberturas; Pérdida por transmisión; Reducción sonora; Ruido de fondo; Ventilación natural; Background noise; Loss by transmission; Natural ventilation; Openings; Sound reduction; Perdida por transmisión; Climatología urbana; Mediciones de temperatura
• License: Atribución-NoComercial-SinDerivadas 2.5 Colombia