Efectos de la ansiedad estado-rasgo sobre la atención selectiva a estímulos amenazantes en una muestra no clínica de niños escolarizados
Los sesgos atencionales, que consisten en el procesamiento preferencial de los estímulos amenazantes, han sido encontrados en adultos ansiosos tal como predicen varios modelos cognitivos. Sin embargo, los estudios con muestras no clínicas de niños han arrojado resultados inconsistentes. Por consigui...
- Autores:
-
Ortega Marín, Jeniffer
Jiménez Solanilla, Karim Offir
- Tipo de recurso:
- Fecha de publicación:
- 2013
- Institución:
- Universidad de San Buenaventura
- Repositorio:
- Repositorio USB
- Idioma:
- spa
- OAI Identifier:
- oai:bibliotecadigital.usb.edu.co:10819/12501
- Acceso en línea:
- https://hdl.handle.net/10819/12501
- Palabra clave:
- 150 - Psicología
Sesgos atencionales
Dot-probe
Ansiedad rasgo
Ansiedad estado
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- closedAccess
- License
- http://purl.org/coar/access_right/c_14cb
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Efectos de la ansiedad estado-rasgo sobre la atención selectiva a estímulos amenazantes en una muestra no clínica de niños escolarizados |
| title |
Efectos de la ansiedad estado-rasgo sobre la atención selectiva a estímulos amenazantes en una muestra no clínica de niños escolarizados |
| spellingShingle |
Efectos de la ansiedad estado-rasgo sobre la atención selectiva a estímulos amenazantes en una muestra no clínica de niños escolarizados 150 - Psicología Sesgos atencionales Dot-probe Ansiedad rasgo Ansiedad estado |
| title_short |
Efectos de la ansiedad estado-rasgo sobre la atención selectiva a estímulos amenazantes en una muestra no clínica de niños escolarizados |
| title_full |
Efectos de la ansiedad estado-rasgo sobre la atención selectiva a estímulos amenazantes en una muestra no clínica de niños escolarizados |
| title_fullStr |
Efectos de la ansiedad estado-rasgo sobre la atención selectiva a estímulos amenazantes en una muestra no clínica de niños escolarizados |
| title_full_unstemmed |
Efectos de la ansiedad estado-rasgo sobre la atención selectiva a estímulos amenazantes en una muestra no clínica de niños escolarizados |
| title_sort |
Efectos de la ansiedad estado-rasgo sobre la atención selectiva a estímulos amenazantes en una muestra no clínica de niños escolarizados |
| dc.creator.fl_str_mv |
Ortega Marín, Jeniffer Jiménez Solanilla, Karim Offir |
| dc.contributor.advisor.none.fl_str_mv |
Acosta Barreto, María Rocío |
| dc.contributor.author.none.fl_str_mv |
Ortega Marín, Jeniffer Jiménez Solanilla, Karim Offir |
| dc.subject.ddc.none.fl_str_mv |
150 - Psicología |
| topic |
150 - Psicología Sesgos atencionales Dot-probe Ansiedad rasgo Ansiedad estado |
| dc.subject.proposal.none.fl_str_mv |
Sesgos atencionales Dot-probe Ansiedad rasgo Ansiedad estado |
| description |
Los sesgos atencionales, que consisten en el procesamiento preferencial de los estímulos amenazantes, han sido encontrados en adultos ansiosos tal como predicen varios modelos cognitivos. Sin embargo, los estudios con muestras no clínicas de niños han arrojado resultados inconsistentes. Por consiguiente, el objetivo de esta investigación consistió en determinar los efectos de la ansiedad estado-rasgo sobre la atención selectiva a estímulos amenazantes en una muestra no clínica de niños escolarizados entre los 8 y 13 años (n = 110). Los participantes realizaron una versión pictórica de la tarea dot-probe que mostraba rostros enojados y neutrales. Los resultados mostraron un efecto significativo de la ansiedad estado, sin embargo el tamaño del efecto fue pequeño. En general, los hallazgos sugieren que los sesgos atencionales hacia la amenaza, que han sido encontrados reiteradamente en muestras no clínicas de adultos, también se presentan en muestras no clínicas de niños pero no necesariamente son inherentes a un nivel alto de ansiedad y por lo tanto podrían estar relacionados con otros procesos a nivel cognitivo. |
| publishDate |
2013 |
| dc.date.issued.none.fl_str_mv |
2013 |
| dc.date.accessioned.none.fl_str_mv |
2023-10-02T21:21:22Z |
| dc.date.available.none.fl_str_mv |
2023-10-02T21:21:22Z |
| dc.type.spa.fl_str_mv |
Trabajo de grado - Maestría |
| dc.type.content.spa.fl_str_mv |
Text |
| dc.type.driver.spa.fl_str_mv |
info:eu-repo/semantics/masterThesis |
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http://purl.org/redcol/resource_type/TM |
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info:eu-repo/semantics/acceptedVersion |
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acceptedVersion |
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instname:Universidad de San Buenaventura |
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reponame:Repositorio Institucional Universidad de San Buenaventura |
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repourl:https://bibliotecadigital.usb.edu.co/ |
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https://hdl.handle.net/10819/12501 |
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instname:Universidad de San Buenaventura reponame:Repositorio Institucional Universidad de San Buenaventura repourl:https://bibliotecadigital.usb.edu.co/ |
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spa |
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spa |
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Acta Colombiana de Psicología, 13, 79-90. Choi, J., & Gutierrez-Osuna, R. (2009) Using heart rate monitors to detect mental stress. IEEE computer society, 219-223. Cisler, J.M., & Koster, E. H. W. (2010). Mechanisms of attentional biases towards threat in anxiety disorders: an integrative review. Clinical Psychology Review, 30, 20-216. Cisler, J.M., Bacon, A.K., & Williams, N.L. (2007) Phenomenological characteristics of attentional biases towards threat: a critical review. Cognitive Therapy and Research, 33, 221–234. Clark, D.A. & Beck, A.T. (2010) Cognitive Therapy of Anxiety Disorders: Science and Practice. New York: The Guilford Press. Colegio Colombiano de Psicólogos (2009) Deontologìa y bioética del ejericio de la psicología en Colombia. Bogotá. Constans, J.I., McCloskey, M.S., Vasterling, J.J., Brailey, K., & Mathews, A. (2004) Suppression of attentional bias in PTSD, 113(2), 315-323. Curley, J.P., Jensen, C.L., Mashoodh, R., & Champagne, F.A. (2011) Social influences on neurobiology and behavior: Epigenetic effects during development. Psychoneuroendocrinology, 36(3), 352-371. Dalgleish, T., Moradi, A.R., Taghavi, M.R., Neshat-Doost, H.T., & Yule, W. (2001) An experimental investigation of hypervigilance for threat in children and adolescents with post-traumatic stress disorder. Psychological Medicine, 31, 541-547. Dalgleish, T., Taghavi, R., Neshat-Doost, H., Moradi, A., Canterbury, R., Yule, W. (2003) Patterns of processing bias for emotional information across clinical disorders: A comparison of attention, memory, and prospective cognition in children and adolescents with depression, generalized anxiety, and posttraumatic stress disorder. Journal of Clinical Child and Adolescent Psychology, 32(1), 10-21. Dennis, T.A., Chen, C., & McCandliss, B.D. (2008) Threat-related attentional biases: An analysis of three attention systems. Depression and Anxiety, 25, 1-10. 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(2004) Processing bias and anxiety in primary school children: a modified emotional Stroop colour-naming task using pictorial facial expressions. Psychology Science, 46, 451-465. Eysenck, M.W., & Derakshan, N. (2011) New perspectives in attentional control theory, 50, 955-960. Eysenck, M.W., Derakshan, N., Santos, R., & Calvo, M.G. (2007) Anxiety and cognitive performance: attentional control theory. Emotion, 7, 336–353. Fox, E. (2002) Processing emotional facial expressions: the role of anxiety and awareness. Cognitive, Affective, & Behavioral Neuroscience, 2, 52-63. Fox, E., Russo, R., Bowles, R., & Dutton, K. (2001) Do threatening stimuli draw or hold visual attention in subclinical anxiety? Journal of Experimental Psychology: General, 130, 681-700. Garner, M. (2010) Selective attention to threat in childhood anxiety: Evidence from visual probe paradigms. In J.A. Hadwin & A.P. Field (Eds.) Information Processing Biases and Anxiety: A Developmental Perspective. UK: John Wiley & Sons Ltd. Gerrards-Hesse, A., Spies, K., & Hesse, F.W. (1994) Experimental inductions of emotional states and their effectiveness: A review. British Journal of Psychology, 85, 55-78. Hadwin, J., & Field, A. (2010) An introduction to the study of information processing biases in childhood anxiety: theoretical and methodological issues. In J.A. Hadwin & A.P. Field (Eds.) Information processing biases and anxiety: a developmental perspective, 1-17. UK: John Wiley & Sons, Ltd. Hakamata Y., Lissek, S., Bar-Haim, Y., Britton, J. C., Fox, N. A., Leibenluft, E., Ernst, M., & Pine, D. S. (2010). Attention bias modification treatment: a metaanalysis towards the establishment of novel treatment for anxiety. Biological Psychiatry, 68, 982–990. Helfinstein, S.M., White, L.K., Bar-Haim, Y., & Fox, N.A. (2008) Affective primes suppress attention bias to threat in socially anxious individuals. Behaviour Research and Therapy, 46, 799-810. Helzer, E.G., Connor-Smith, J.K., & Reed, M.A. (2009) Traits, states, and attentional gates: Temperament and threat relevance as predictors of attentional bias to social threat. Anxiety Stress Coping, 22(1), 57-76. Kastner, S., & Ungerleider, L.G. (2000) Mechanisms of visual attention in the human cortex. Annual Review of Neuroscience, 23, 315-341. Kastner, S., & Ungerleider, L.G. (2000) The neural basis of biased competition in human visual cortex. Neuropsychologia, 39, 1263-1276. Kindt, M., Bierman, D., & Brosschot, J. (1997a) Cognitive bias in spider fear and control children: assessment of emotional interference by a card format and a single-trial format of the Stroop task. Journal of Experimental Child Psychology, 66, 163-179. MacLeod, C., & Mathews, A. (1988) Anxiety and the allocation of attention to threat. The Quaterly Journal of Experimental Psychology, 40, 653-670. MacLeod, C., Mathews, A., & Tata, P. (1986). Attentional bias in the emotional disorders. Journal of Abnormal Psychology, 95, 15−20. MacLeod, C., Rutherford, E., Campbell, L., Ebsworthy, G., & Holker, L. (2002) Selective attention and emotional vulnerability: assessing the causal basis of their association through the experimental manipulation of attentional bias. Journal of Abnormal Psychology, 111, 107-123. Mansell, W., Clark, D.M., Ehlers, A., & Chen, Y. (1999) Social anxiety and attention away from emotional faces. Cognition and Emotion, 13(6), 673-690. Mathews, A.M., & Sebastian, S. (1993) Suppression of emotional Stroop effects by fear-arousal. Cognition and Emotion, 7(6), 517-530. Matthews, A., & Mackintosh, B. (1998). A cognitive model of selective processing in anxiety. Cognitive Therapy and Research, 22, 539−560. McHugo, M. (2010) The role of the amygdala in emotion-attention interactions. Vanderbilt Reviews Neuroscience, 2, 33-40. McLean, P. & Woody, S. (2001). Anxiety disorders in adults: An evidence–based approach to psychological treatment, 1st Edition. Oxford University Press. McNaughton, N. (2002) Aminergic Transmitter Systems. In H. D’haenen, J. den Boer & P. Willner (Eds.) Biological Psychiatry. England: John Wiley & Sons Ltd. Ministerio de la Protección social (2003). Estudio nacional sobre salud mental. Bogotá: Ministerio de la Protección Social. Miu, A.C., Heilman, R.M., & Miclea, M. (2009) Reduced heart rate variability and vagal tone in anxiety: Trait versus state, and the effects of autogenic training. Autonomic Neuroscience: Basic and Clinical, 145, 99-103. Mogg, K., & Bradley, B.P. (1998) A cognitive-motivational analysis of anxiety. Behaviour Research and Therapy, 36, 809–848. Mogg, K., McNamara, J., Powys, M., Rawlinson, H., Seiffer, A. & Bradley, B.P. (2000) Selective attention to threat: A test of two cognitive models of anxiety. Cognitions and Emotion, 14(3), 375-399. Mogg, K., Bradley, B.P., Bono, J,D., & Painter, M. (1997) Time course of attentional bias for threat information in non-clinical anxiety. Behaviour Research and Therapy, 35, 297-303. Mogg, K., Mathews, A., Bird, C., & Macgregor-Morris, R. (1990) Effects of stress and anxiety on the processing of threat stimuli. Journal of Personality and Social Psychology, 59, 1230-1237. Naccache, L; Gaillard, R; Adam, C; Hasboun, D; Clémenceau, S; Baulac, M; Dehaene, S. & Cohen, L. (2005) A direct intracranial record of emotions evoked by subliminal words. PNAS, 102 (21), 7713-7717. Öhman, A. (2008) Fear and anxiety: Overlaps and Dissociations. In M. Lewis, J.M. Haviland-Jones & L. Feldman Barret (Eds.), Handbook of Emotions, 709-729. New York: The Guilford Press. Pérez-Edgar, K., Reeb-Sutherland, B., Martin, J., White, L., Henderson, H., Degnan, K., Hane, A., Pine, D., & Fox, N. (2011) Attention biases to threat link behavioral inhibition to social withdrawal over time in very young children. Journal of Abnormal Child Psychology, 39, 885-895. Pessoa, L., & Ungerleider, L.G. (2005). Visual attention and emotional perception. In L. Itti, G. Rees, and J.K. Tsotsos (Eds.) Neurobiology of attention. San Diego, CA: Elsevier. Pine, D.S. (2007) Research review: A neuroscience framework for pediatric anxiety disorders. Journal of Child Psychology and Psychiatry, 48(7), 631-648. Posner, M.I., & Petersen, S.E. (1990) The attention system of the human brain. Annual Review of Neuroscience, 13, 25-42. Puliafico, A.C., & Kendall, P.C. (2006) Threat-related attentional bias in anxious youth: A review. Clinical Child and Family Psychology Review, 9(3), 162-180. Reinholdt-Dunne, M.L., Mogg, K., Esbjorn, B.H., & Bradley, B.P. (2011) Effects of age and anxiety on processing threat cues in healthy children. Journal of Experimental Psychopathology, In Press, 1-12. Richards, A., French, C., Johnson, W., Naparstek, J., & Williams J. (1992) Effects of mood manipulation and anxiety on performance of an emotional Stroop task. British Journal of Psychology, 83, 479-491. Richards, H., Hadwin, J., Benson, V., Wenger, M., & Donelly, N. (2011) The influence of anxiety on processing capacity for threat detection. Psychonomic Bulletin & Review, 5, 883-889. Rislov, S. (2009) Reliability of two versions of the dot-probe task using photographic faces. Psychology Science Quarterly, 51(3), 339-350. Salemink, E., van den Hout, M.A., & Kindt, M. (2007) Selective attention and threat: Quick orienting versus slow disengagement and two versions of the dot probe task. Behaviour Research and Therapy, 45, 607-615. Schrooten, M. (2007) Preferential processing in anxiety: selective attention & spatial affective Simon effects. Datawyse, Universitaire Pers Maastricht. Shechner, T., Britton, J., Pérez-Edgar, K., Bar-Haim, Y., Ernst, M., Fox, N., Leibenluft, E., & Pine, D. (2011). Attention biases, anxiety and development: Toward or away from threats or rewards? Depression and Anxiety, 0, 1-13. Shipp, S. (2004) The brain circuitry of attention. Trends in Cognitive Sciences, 8, 223-230. Spampinato, M.V., Wood., J., De Simone, V., & Grafman, J. (2009) Neural correlates of anxiety in healthy volunteers: a voxel-based morphometry study. The Journal of Neuropsychiatry & Clinical Neurosciences, 21, 199-205. Spielberger, C. D. (1966). Theory and research on anxiety. In C. D. Spielberger (Ed.), Anxiety and behavior (p. 3–19). New York: Academic Press. Spielberger, C.D., Gorsuch, R.L., Lushene, R., Vagg, P.R., & Jacobs, G.A. (1983). Manual for the State-Trait Anxiety Inventory. Palo Alto, CA: Consulting Psychologists Press. Susa, G., Pitica, I., & Benga, O. (2008) High levels of trait anxiety and attentional biases in preschool and school-aged children. Cognition, Brain, Behavior, 12, 309-326. Szyf, M. (2009) The epigenetic impact of early life adversity. In Sassone-Corsi, P. (Ed.) Epigenetic Control and Neuronal Function, 28-34. Washington, DC: Society for Neuroscience. Taelman, J., Vandeput, S., Spaepen, A., & Van Huffel, S. (2009) Influence of mental stress on heart rate and heart rate variability. In J. Vander Sloten, P. Verdonck, M. Nyssen, J. Haueisen (Eds.) ECIFMBE 2008, IFMBE Proceedings 22, 1366-1369. Telzer, E., Mogg., K., Bradley, B., Ernst, M., Pine, D., & Monk, C. (2008) Relationship between trait anxiety, prefrontal cortex, and attention bias to angry faces in children and adolescents. Biological Psychology, 79, 216-222. Tottenham, N., Tanaka, J.W., Leon, A.C., McCarry, T., Nurse, M., Hare, T.A., Marcus, D.J., Westerlund, A., Casey, BJ., & Nelson, C. The NimStim set of facial expressions: Judgments from untrained research participants. Psychiatry Research, 168, 242-249. Vecera, S. & Rizzo, M. (2003) Spatial attention: normal processes and their breakdown. Neurologic Clinics of North America, 21, 575-607. Vuilleumier, P. (2005) How brains beware: neural mechanisms of emotional attention. Trends in Cognitive Sciences, 9(12), 585-594. Waters, A., Lipp, O., & Spence, S. (2004) Attentional bias toward fear-related stimuli: an investigation with nonselected children and adults and children with anxiety disorders. Journal of Experimental Child Psychology, 89, 320- 337. Wells, A., & Matthews, G. (1994) Attention and emotion: a clinical perspective. Hillsdale, NJ: Lawrence Erlbaum Associates. Williams, J.M., Mathews, A., & MacLeod, C. (1996) The Emotional Stroop Task and Psychopathology. Psychological Bulletin, 120(1), 3-24. Williams, J.M., Watts, F.N., MacLeod, C., & Mathews, A. (1988) Cognitive psychology and emotional disorders. Chichester: Wiley. |
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Acosta Barreto, María Rocío19c567c5-196b-487a-8da1-d41638d85404-1Ortega Marín, Jeniffer06c2c1ac-a7b2-42d5-9c87-d767dd6a1233-1Jiménez Solanilla, Karim Offir8acedab7-1cf1-4505-94eb-d2246fc727ed-12023-10-02T21:21:22Z2023-10-02T21:21:22Z2013Los sesgos atencionales, que consisten en el procesamiento preferencial de los estímulos amenazantes, han sido encontrados en adultos ansiosos tal como predicen varios modelos cognitivos. Sin embargo, los estudios con muestras no clínicas de niños han arrojado resultados inconsistentes. Por consiguiente, el objetivo de esta investigación consistió en determinar los efectos de la ansiedad estado-rasgo sobre la atención selectiva a estímulos amenazantes en una muestra no clínica de niños escolarizados entre los 8 y 13 años (n = 110). Los participantes realizaron una versión pictórica de la tarea dot-probe que mostraba rostros enojados y neutrales. Los resultados mostraron un efecto significativo de la ansiedad estado, sin embargo el tamaño del efecto fue pequeño. En general, los hallazgos sugieren que los sesgos atencionales hacia la amenaza, que han sido encontrados reiteradamente en muestras no clínicas de adultos, también se presentan en muestras no clínicas de niños pero no necesariamente son inherentes a un nivel alto de ansiedad y por lo tanto podrían estar relacionados con otros procesos a nivel cognitivo.Attentional biases, consisting of a preferential processing of threatening stimuli, have been found in anxious adults as predicted by several cognitive models. However, studies with non-clinical samples of children have provided mixed results. Therefore, the aim of this research was to determine the effects of state and trait anxiety on the selective attention towards threatening stimuli in a non-clinical sample of school children (age: 8 to 13, n = 110). Participants completed a pictorial version of the dot-probe task that employed angry and neutral faces. Results indicate a significant effect of state anxiety; however the effect size was small. Overall, these findings suggest that attentional biases towards threatening information, which have been repeatedly found in non-clinical samples of adults, are also present in nonclinical samples of children but are not necessarily inherent to a high level of anxiety and therefore could be related to other cognitive processesMaestríaMagíster en Neuropsicología Clínica89 páginasapplication/pdfinstname:Universidad de San Buenaventurareponame:Repositorio Institucional Universidad de San Buenaventurarepourl:https://bibliotecadigital.usb.edu.co/https://hdl.handle.net/10819/12501spaUniversidad de San BuenaventuraBogotáFacultad de PsicologíaMaestría en Neuropsicología ClínicaAmir, N., Mcnally, R.J., Riemann, B.C., Burns, J., Lorenz, M., Mullen, J.T. 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