Caracterización de la utilización de métodos de anticoncepción hormonal en la población femenina perteneciente a la universidad de Ciencias Aplicadas y Ambientales UDCA

Unwanted pregnancies in adolescents constitute a public health problem, since in most cases, the health of the mother and child, their quality of life and their social, economic and cultural implications are negatively affected. The average world birth rate among adolescents aged 15 to 19 years is 49/1000 and in Colombia the rate corresponds to 84/1000. Unwanted pregnancies, on several occasions, end in abortions practiced by empirical persons and in inadequate sanitary conditions, which damages the integrity of the women who request it. There is a segment of the adolescent and young population belonging to higher education systems, where unwanted pregnancies lead to a negative impact on the life and vocational training projects of university students. Contraceptive methods and sex education are considered factors that contribute to the prevention of unwanted pregnancies and the problems that these entail. In spite of being one of the most used methods, Drug Related Problems can appear that cause results that are not favorable to the objective of pharmacotherapy. The Universidad de Ciencias Aplicadas y Ambientales, through the medical center, has a family planning program, which provides counseling to the population, in sexual and reproductive health, including the delivery of hormonal contraceptive methods. The general purpose of the research is to characterize the behavior in the use of methods of hormonal contraception, of the female population during the period 2013-2016 belonging to the Universidad de Ciencias Aplicadas y Ambientales U.D.C.A. A descriptive, observational and cross-sectional study was designed. The unit of analysis consisted of all women who consulted the family planning program of the university and received hormonal contraception during the period 2013-2016. Variables of person (Age of the patient, Faculty, Semester, Health Regime, Observations), time (Date of control: year, month, day) and type of hormonal contraception (International Denomination, Scheme of use) were taken into account. 1401 and 226 users were reported in the North Campus and Boyacá Avenue, respectively, during the period from 2013 to 2016. The largest participation occurred in 2013 (56.2%) at North Campus and 2015 (62.9%) at Avenida Boyacá, with greater attendance in the months of February and May. 52.1% of users belong to the faculty of health sciences, to academic programs in Nursing (29.5%) and Medicine (20.9%) in North Campus; which indicates that training in the health area, leads to greater self-care and use of contraception. At Boyacá Avenue, 50.9% of users depend on the Faculty of Administration and Business, and the International Business program stands out (22.3%). There was no association between the semester in training and the use of planning and contraception. 56.8% are in the age group of 19 to 22 years of age at North Campus and 41.2% from 20 to 23 years at Boyacá Avenue, an early onset of sexual activity was observed in the University from the age of 15. Emphasis is given to the contributory regime as a type of affiliation to the health system; 40.3% and 33.5% of users of North Campus and Boyacá Avenue, respectively, have not undergone the cervical cytology examination. Increased use of hormonal contraceptives containing Drospirenone in combination with ethinylestradiol is evident, despite reports in the literature of an increased risk of VTE unlike other contraceptives. We found 315 and 189 suspected possible DRPs of hormonal contraceptive methods, in the program of planning of the North Campus and Boyacá Avenue respectively. The odds of adverse effects were observed in a higher percentage, where the most commonly reported adverse effects were menstrual disorders, headache, acne, body weight change, hirsutism and mastodynia, due to high or low doses of estrogen and progestogen. The contraindication was found as DRP of hormonal contraceptives, in the North Campus (17.8%) and Boyacá Avenue (5.3%), in which smoking, lactation and diagnosis of migraine, venous thromboembolism, diabetes And systemic lupus erythematosus, as described by the WHO medical eligibility criteria for contraceptive methods. 9.5% and 8.5% were observed as non-compliance DRP, at the North Campus and Boyacá Avenue respectively, and due to lack of drug and therapeutic adherence to hormonal contraceptive methods. Three cases of therapeutic failure were found. In a lower proportion, DRPs of inadequate preservation, inadequate dose, guideline and / or duration, and erroneous administration of the drug were obtained in both sites. The interaction and the health problems that affect the treatment, were only evidenced in the program of planning of the North campus headquarters. 260 and 166 NRMs suspects were found in the planning program for the North campus and Boyacá Avenues, where the safety category was highlighted, followed by effectiveness. A low quality in the database of the planning program was evidenced, reason why it is necessary the implementation of a system of capture of information, that includes facets of complete anamnesis and report of prescription of hormonal contraceptives, besides the adequacy Of a pharmaceutical care plan and risk management and pharmacovigilance programs for optimal follow-up in patients related to ADE, ADR, DRP and NRM factors related to the use of hormonal contraceptives and improvement in promotion, prevention and health education towards the population.

• Autores: Russi Vergel, Diana Camila
• Tipo de recurso: Trabajo de grado de pregrado
• Fecha de publicación: 2017
• Institución: Universidad de Ciencias Aplicadas y Ambientales U.D.C.A
• Repositorio: Repositorio Institucional UDCA
• Idioma: spa
• OAI Identifier: oai:repository.udca.edu.co:11158/705
• Acceso en línea: https://repository.udca.edu.co/handle/11158/705
• Palabra clave: Planificación familiar; Embarazos no deseados; Anticoncepción hormonal; Problemas relacionados a medicamentos; Resultados negativos a la medicación; Anticoncepción; Control de la natalidad
• Rights: closedAccess
• License: Derechos Reservados - Universidad de Ciencias Aplicadas y Ambientales