Diversity of glass frogs (Centrolenidae: Anura) in tropical rain forest areas in the center of the department of Choco, Colombia
The central area of the department of Choco (Colombia), is composed of a tropical rain forest. Has a large of variety of amphibians that provides an ecosystem service, being the Family Centrolenidae listed as an excellent indicator of the forest condition. The focus of this study was to determine th...
- Autores:
-
Palacios Rodríguez, Lizeth Johana
Arango Córdoba, Andy Marcela
Rengifo Mosquera, Jhon Tailor
- Tipo de recurso:
- Article of journal
- Fecha de publicación:
- 2019
- Institución:
- Universidad de Ciencias Aplicadas y Ambientales U.D.C.A
- Repositorio:
- Repositorio Institucional UDCA
- Idioma:
- eng
- OAI Identifier:
- oai:repository.udca.edu.co:11158/2918
- Acceso en línea:
- https://revistas.udca.edu.co/index.php/ruadc/article/view/1108
https://doi.org/10.31910/rudca.v22.n2.2019.1108
- Palabra clave:
- Anurans
Primary forest
Secondary forest
Centrolenids
Choco frogs
Anfibios
Bosque primario
Rana
- Rights
- openAccess
- License
- Derechos Reservados - Universidad de Ciencias Aplicadas y Ambientales
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Diversity of glass frogs (Centrolenidae: Anura) in tropical rain forest areas in the center of the department of Choco, Colombia |
| dc.title.alternative.spa.fl_str_mv |
Diversidad de ranas de cristal (Centrolenidae: Anura) en zonas de bosque pluvial tropical en el centro del departamento del Chocó, Colombia |
| title |
Diversity of glass frogs (Centrolenidae: Anura) in tropical rain forest areas in the center of the department of Choco, Colombia |
| spellingShingle |
Diversity of glass frogs (Centrolenidae: Anura) in tropical rain forest areas in the center of the department of Choco, Colombia Anurans Primary forest Secondary forest Centrolenids Choco frogs Anfibios Bosque primario Rana |
| title_short |
Diversity of glass frogs (Centrolenidae: Anura) in tropical rain forest areas in the center of the department of Choco, Colombia |
| title_full |
Diversity of glass frogs (Centrolenidae: Anura) in tropical rain forest areas in the center of the department of Choco, Colombia |
| title_fullStr |
Diversity of glass frogs (Centrolenidae: Anura) in tropical rain forest areas in the center of the department of Choco, Colombia |
| title_full_unstemmed |
Diversity of glass frogs (Centrolenidae: Anura) in tropical rain forest areas in the center of the department of Choco, Colombia |
| title_sort |
Diversity of glass frogs (Centrolenidae: Anura) in tropical rain forest areas in the center of the department of Choco, Colombia |
| dc.creator.fl_str_mv |
Palacios Rodríguez, Lizeth Johana Arango Córdoba, Andy Marcela Rengifo Mosquera, Jhon Tailor |
| dc.contributor.author.spa.fl_str_mv |
Palacios Rodríguez, Lizeth Johana Arango Córdoba, Andy Marcela Rengifo Mosquera, Jhon Tailor |
| dc.subject.proposal.spa.fl_str_mv |
Anurans Primary forest Secondary forest Centrolenids Choco frogs |
| topic |
Anurans Primary forest Secondary forest Centrolenids Choco frogs Anfibios Bosque primario Rana |
| dc.subject.agrovoc.spa.fl_str_mv |
Anfibios Bosque primario Rana |
| description |
The central area of the department of Choco (Colombia), is composed of a tropical rain forest. Has a large of variety of amphibians that provides an ecosystem service, being the Family Centrolenidae listed as an excellent indicator of the forest condition. The focus of this study was to determine the richness and distribution in the habitats of the family Centrolenidae in two vegetation coverings in a tropical rain forest of the department of Choco, using the Visual Encounter Survey (VES) method with an effort of 240 per hour. There were 53 individuals registered, distributed in fi ve genera and six species, being the Hyalinobatrachium genus the best represented. The most abundant species was Teratohyla spinosa, being the most dominant for the secondary forest and Hyalinobatrachium collymbiphyllum for the primary forest. Espadarana callistomma and Teratohyla spinosa were the most plastic species in terms of habitat since they were recorded in both coverages. The centrolenids registered showed a preference for high (73.5%) and medium (26.4%) perches, in terms of the substrate leaf (83%) and the branch (17%). Regarding the state of conservation, the species are in the category of LC, DD, and NT; however, it is important to conserve their habitats since some centrolenids are tolerant to intervened ecosystems that have good vegetation and bodies of water with a permanent fl ow for their development. |
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2019 |
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2019-07 |
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2020-03-17T13:19:44Z |
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2020-03-17T13:19:44Z |
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Artículo de revista |
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info:eu-repo/semantics/article |
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Text |
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0123-4226 |
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https://revistas.udca.edu.co/index.php/ruadc/article/view/1108 |
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https://doi.org/10.31910/rudca.v22.n2.2019.1108 |
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307815 |
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0123-4226 307815 |
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https://revistas.udca.edu.co/index.php/ruadc/article/view/1108 https://doi.org/10.31910/rudca.v22.n2.2019.1108 |
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eng |
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eng |
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Revista UDCA : Actualidad & Divulgación Científica (Bogotá). -- Vol. 22 No. 2 (Jul.-Dic., 2019). -- páginas 417-426 |
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Agricultura |
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Derechos Reservados - Universidad de Ciencias Aplicadas y Ambientales |
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application/pdf |
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Chocó (Colombia) |
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Bogotá : Universidad de Ciencias Aplicadas y Ambientales, 2019 |
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Universidad de Ciencias Aplicadas y Ambientales U.D.C.A |
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Palacios Rodríguez, Lizeth JohanaArango Córdoba, Andy MarcelaRengifo Mosquera, Jhon TailorChocó (Colombia)2020-03-17T13:19:44Z2020-03-17T13:19:44Z2019-070123-4226https://revistas.udca.edu.co/index.php/ruadc/article/view/1108https://doi.org/10.31910/rudca.v22.n2.2019.1108307815The central area of the department of Choco (Colombia), is composed of a tropical rain forest. Has a large of variety of amphibians that provides an ecosystem service, being the Family Centrolenidae listed as an excellent indicator of the forest condition. The focus of this study was to determine the richness and distribution in the habitats of the family Centrolenidae in two vegetation coverings in a tropical rain forest of the department of Choco, using the Visual Encounter Survey (VES) method with an effort of 240 per hour. There were 53 individuals registered, distributed in fi ve genera and six species, being the Hyalinobatrachium genus the best represented. The most abundant species was Teratohyla spinosa, being the most dominant for the secondary forest and Hyalinobatrachium collymbiphyllum for the primary forest. Espadarana callistomma and Teratohyla spinosa were the most plastic species in terms of habitat since they were recorded in both coverages. The centrolenids registered showed a preference for high (73.5%) and medium (26.4%) perches, in terms of the substrate leaf (83%) and the branch (17%). Regarding the state of conservation, the species are in the category of LC, DD, and NT; however, it is important to conserve their habitats since some centrolenids are tolerant to intervened ecosystems that have good vegetation and bodies of water with a permanent fl ow for their development.La zona centro del departamento del Chocó (Colombia) está compuesta por bosque pluvial tropical, alberga una significativa riqueza de anfibios, que brinda servicios ecosistémicos, siendo la familia Centrolenidae, catalogada como una excelente indicadora de las condiciones del bosque. El objetivo de este estudio fue conocer la estructura y el uso de hábitat de especies de la familia Centrolenidae en dos coberturas vegetales, en un bosque pluvial tropical, del departamento del Chocó, empleando el método Relevamiento por encuentros visuales (VES), con un esfuerzo de 240h/per. Se registraron 53 individuos, distribuidos en cinco géneros y seis especies, siendo el género Hyalinobatrachium, el mejor representado. La especie más abundante fue Teratohyla spinosa, siendo la más dominante para el bosque secundario e Hyalinobatrachium collymbiphyllum, para el bosque primario. Espadarana callistomma y Teratohyla spinosa fueron las especies más plásticas, en términos de hábitat, ya que se registraron en ambas coberturas. Los centrolénidos registrados mostraron preferencia por las perchas alta (73,5%) y media (26,4%); en términos del sustrato indicaron mayor preferencia por las hojas y ramas, con 83 y 17%, respectivamente. Referente al estado de conservación, las especies se encuentran en la categoría de NT, DD y LC; sin embargo, es importante conservar sus hábitats, puesto que la transformación de los hábitats naturales genera el declive en las poblaciones.Incluye referencias bibliográficasapplication/pdfengBogotá : Universidad de Ciencias Aplicadas y Ambientales, 2019Revista UDCA : Actualidad & Divulgación Científica (Bogotá). -- Vol. 22 No. 2 (Jul.-Dic., 2019). -- páginas 417-426AgriculturaDerechos Reservados - Universidad de Ciencias Aplicadas y Ambientaleshttps://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/4.0/info:eu-repo/semantics/openAccessAtribución-NoComercial-CompartirIgual 4.0 Internacional (CC BY-NC-SA 4.0)http://purl.org/coar/access_right/c_abf2Diversity of glass frogs (Centrolenidae: Anura) in tropical rain forest areas in the center of the department of Choco, ColombiaDiversidad de ranas de cristal (Centrolenidae: Anura) en zonas de bosque pluvial tropical en el centro del departamento del Chocó, ColombiaArtículo de revistahttp://purl.org/coar/resource_type/c_6501http://purl.org/coar/resource_type/c_2df8fbb1info:eu-repo/semantics/articleinfo:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersionTexthttp://purl.org/redcol/resource_type/ARThttp://purl.org/coar/version/c_970fb48d4fbd8a85AnuransPrimary forestSecondary forestCentrolenidsChoco frogsAnfibiosBosque primarioRanaPublicationORIGINAL1108-Texto del artículo-7851-7-10-20191218.pdf1108-Texto del artículo-7851-7-10-20191218.pdfapplication/pdf1567839https://repository.udca.edu.co/bitstreams/3321ff91-3f05-48d8-8986-d87409228686/download1727132b980f2987b8c4015f27a3dbffMD51LICENSElicense.txtlicense.txttext/plain; charset=utf-814775https://repository.udca.edu.co/bitstreams/8bdd6eba-5f18-4d0e-9acb-297e57c04946/downloadf661acf14bedbf9f5d13897a0387e751MD52TEXT1108-Texto del artículo-7851-7-10-20191218.pdf.txt1108-Texto del artículo-7851-7-10-20191218.pdf.txtExtracted 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 nombre de la parte o las partes que el Autor Original y/o el Licenciante hubieren designado para la atribución (v.g., un instituto patrocinador, editorial, publicación) en la información de los derechos de autor del Licenciante, términos de servicios o de otras formas razonables; el título de la Obra si está provisto; en la medida de lo razonablemente factible y, si está provisto, el Identificador Uniforme de Recursos (Uniform Resource Identifier) que el Licenciante especifica para ser asociado con la Obra, salvo que tal URI no se refiera a la nota sobre los derechos de autor o a la información sobre el licenciamiento de la Obra; y en el caso de una Obra Derivada, atribuir el crédito identificando el uso de la Obra en la Obra Derivada (v.g., "Traducción Francesa de la Obra del Autor Original," o "Guión Cinematográfico basado en la Obra original del Autor Original"). Tal crédito puede ser implementado de cualquier forma razonable; en el caso, sin embargo, de Obras Derivadas u Obras Colectivas, tal crédito aparecerá, como mínimo, donde aparece el crédito de cualquier otro autor comparable y de una manera, al menos, tan destacada como el crédito de otro autor comparable.
d.	Para evitar toda confusión, el Licenciante aclara que, cuando la obra es una composición musical:
i.	Regalías por interpretación y ejecución bajo licencias generales. El Licenciante se reserva el derecho exclusivo de autorizar la ejecución pública o la ejecución pública digital de la obra y de recolectar, sea individualmente o a través de una sociedad de gestión colectiva de derechos de autor y derechos conexos (por ejemplo, SAYCO), las regalías por la ejecución pública o por la ejecución pública digital de la obra (por ejemplo Webcast) licenciada bajo licencias generales, si la interpretación o ejecución de la obra está primordialmente orientada por o dirigida a la obtención de una ventaja comercial o una compensación monetaria privada.
ii.	Regalías por Fonogramas. El Licenciante se reserva el derecho exclusivo de recolectar, individualmente o a través de una sociedad de gestión colectiva de derechos de autor y derechos conexos (por ejemplo, SAYCO), una agencia de derechos musicales o algún agente designado, las regalías por cualquier fonograma que Usted cree a partir de la obra (“versión cover”) y distribuya, en los términos del régimen de derechos de autor, si la creación o distribución de esa versión cover está primordialmente destinada o dirigida a obtener una ventaja comercial o una compensación monetaria privada.
e.	Gestión de Derechos de Autor sobre Interpretaciones y Ejecuciones Digitales (WebCasting). Para evitar toda confusión, el Licenciante aclara que, cuando la obra sea un fonograma, el Licenciante se reserva el derecho exclusivo de autorizar la ejecución pública digital de la obra (por ejemplo, webcast) y de recolectar, individualmente o a través de una sociedad de gestión colectiva de derechos de autor y derechos conexos (por ejemplo, Acinpro), las regalías por la ejecución pública digital de la obra (por ejemplo, webcast), sujeta a las disposiciones aplicables del régimen de Derecho de Autor, si esta ejecución pública digital está primordialmente dirigida a obtener una ventaja comercial o una compensación monetaria privada.
5. Representaciones, Garantías y Limitaciones de Responsabilidad.
A MENOS QUE LAS PARTES LO ACORDARAN DE OTRA FORMA POR ESCRITO, EL LICENCIANTE OFRECE LA OBRA (EN EL ESTADO EN EL QUE SE ENCUENTRA) “TAL CUAL”, SIN BRINDAR GARANTÍAS DE CLASE ALGUNA RESPECTO DE LA OBRA, YA SEA EXPRESA, IMPLÍCITA, LEGAL O CUALQUIERA OTRA, INCLUYENDO, SIN LIMITARSE A ELLAS, GARANTÍAS DE TITULARIDAD, COMERCIABILIDAD, ADAPTABILIDAD O ADECUACIÓN A PROPÓSITO DETERMINADO, AUSENCIA DE INFRACCIÓN, DE AUSENCIA DE DEFECTOS LATENTES O DE OTRO TIPO, O LA PRESENCIA O AUSENCIA DE ERRORES, SEAN O NO DESCUBRIBLES (PUEDAN O NO SER ESTOS DESCUBIERTOS). ALGUNAS JURISDICCIONES NO PERMITEN LA EXCLUSIÓN DE GARANTÍAS IMPLÍCITAS, EN CUYO CASO ESTA EXCLUSIÓN PUEDE NO APLICARSE A USTED.
6. Limitación de responsabilidad.
A MENOS QUE LO EXIJA EXPRESAMENTE LA LEY APLICABLE, EL LICENCIANTE NO SERÁ RESPONSABLE ANTE USTED POR DAÑO ALGUNO, SEA POR RESPONSABILIDAD EXTRACONTRACTUAL, PRECONTRACTUAL O CONTRACTUAL, OBJETIVA O SUBJETIVA, SE TRATE DE DAÑOS MORALES O PATRIMONIALES, DIRECTOS O INDIRECTOS, PREVISTOS O IMPREVISTOS PRODUCIDOS POR EL USO DE ESTA LICENCIA O DE LA OBRA, AUN CUANDO EL LICENCIANTE HAYA SIDO ADVERTIDO DE LA POSIBILIDAD DE DICHOS DAÑOS. ALGUNAS LEYES NO PERMITEN LA EXCLUSIÓN DE CIERTA RESPONSABILIDAD, EN CUYO CASO ESTA EXCLUSIÓN PUEDE NO APLICARSE A USTED.
7. Término.
a.	Esta Licencia y los derechos otorgados en virtud de ella terminarán automáticamente si Usted infringe alguna condición establecida en ella. Sin embargo, los individuos o entidades que han recibido Obras Derivadas o Colectivas de Usted de conformidad con esta Licencia, no verán terminadas sus licencias, siempre que estos individuos o entidades sigan cumpliendo íntegramente las condiciones de estas licencias. Las Secciones 1, 2, 5, 6, 7, y 8 subsistirán a cualquier terminación de esta Licencia.
b.	Sujeta a las condiciones y términos anteriores, la licencia otorgada aquí es perpetua (durante el período de vigencia de los derechos de autor de la obra). No obstante lo anterior, el Licenciante se reserva el derecho a publicar y/o estrenar la Obra bajo condiciones de licencia diferentes o a dejar de distribuirla en los términos de esta Licencia en cualquier momento; en el entendido, sin embargo, que esa elección no servirá para revocar esta licencia o que deba ser otorgada , bajo los términos de esta licencia), y esta licencia continuará en pleno vigor y efecto a menos que sea terminada como se expresa atrás. La Licencia revocada continuará siendo plenamente vigente y efectiva si no se le da término en las condiciones indicadas anteriormente.
8. Varios.
a.	Cada vez que Usted distribuya o ponga a disposición pública la Obra o una Obra Colectiva, el Licenciante ofrecerá al destinatario una licencia en los mismos términos y condiciones que la licencia otorgada a Usted bajo esta Licencia.
b.	Si alguna disposición de esta Licencia resulta invalidada o no exigible, según la legislación vigente, esto no afectará ni la validez ni la aplicabilidad del resto de condiciones de esta Licencia y, sin acción adicional por parte de los sujetos de este acuerdo, aquélla se entenderá reformada lo mínimo necesario para hacer que dicha disposición sea válida y exigible.
c.	Ningún término o disposición de esta Licencia se estimará renunciada y ninguna violación de ella será consentida a menos que esa renuncia o consentimiento sea otorgado por escrito y firmado por la parte que renuncie o consienta.
d.	Esta Licencia refleja el acuerdo pleno entre las partes respecto a la Obra aquí licenciada. No hay arreglos, acuerdos o declaraciones respecto a la Obra que no estén especificados en este documento. El Licenciante no se verá limitado por ninguna disposición adicional que pueda surgir en alguna comunicación emanada de Usted. Esta Licencia no puede ser modificada sin el consentimiento mutuo por escrito del Licenciante y Usted.

 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