Efectos en la salud asociados a la exposición ambiental a productos químicos generados en la industria del curtido en una población del barrio San Benito y su área de influencia durante el 2017

The main objective of this study was to identify the health effects possibly associated with environmental exposure to substances produced by the tanning industry in the San Benito neighborhood and its area of influence in 2017. This neighborhood has the characteristic of out the production of processes related to leather from the separation of the meat to the generation of different products based on it. Currently, some of the effects generated at the occupational level by the chemical substances generated in these industries are known, of which the largest studies are associated with Chromium and its effect on health. However, the prevalence of effects associated with the respiratory, neurological system is unknown and dermatological that is produced by environmental exposure to these substances. The study was carried out in the San Benito neighborhood located south of Tunjuelito, where 265 tanneries are registered, representing more than 50% of the tanning industries in the country, according to the District Department of the Environment, most of the industries of tanning are small factories of family origin, with little technification and personnel with empirical knowledge. In relation to the type of study, it was of a cross-sectional type, and to carry it out a sample of 265 people was needed, which for their analysis were established in two study groups: the first one was determined as the exposed population taking into account 15 the proximity to tanning industries with a radius less than 300 meters away, compared to the second group that was the population of the unexposed population, that is to say those that lived within a radius greater than 300 meters distance and corresponded to the Barrios Ciudad Tunal , Abraham Lincon, and San Carlos. The data was collected through the creation of an environmental exposition instrument, which was validated by experts and allowed to evaluate the health effects related to the tanning process in both exposed and unexposed. Based on the study, it was found that of the three systems under investigation, the most prevalent and frequent in the appearance of symptoms and previously diagnosed diseases was the respiratory system, data that are supported by other previous studies in which they report a higher frequency of alteration at the level of this system due to the irritation of the airways generated by the chemicals used in the tanning process, especially chromium, where the association between exposure and lung damage was described. The second most affected system was the neurological system with predominance of headache as a symptom and migraine as a disease, and finally the dermatological system presented as symptoms of higher prevalence the dryness as symptoms and contact dermatitis as a disease, which mainly occur in exposed population and specifically to people who work or worked in these industries and had greater contact with substances such as chromium and sulfuric acid. For this reason we could conclude that diseases and respiratory symptoms are the ones that most affect the population of Barrio San Benito and its area of influence. (9, 21.24).

• Autores: Carreazo Vásquez, Danyver; García Pérez, Linda Carolina; Corredor Preciado, Julián Alexander; Sastoque Beltrán, Jessica Daniela
• Tipo de recurso: Trabajo de grado de pregrado
• Fecha de publicación: 2017
• Institución: Universidad de Ciencias Aplicadas y Ambientales U.D.C.A
• Repositorio: Repositorio Institucional UDCA
• Idioma: spa
• OAI Identifier: oai:repository.udca.edu.co:11158/827
• Acceso en línea: https://repository.udca.edu.co/handle/11158/827
• Palabra clave: Curtiembre; Enfermedades por curtiembres; Químicos de curtiembres; Contaminantes Industriales; Industria del cuero curtido -- Aspectos ambientales -- San Benito (Barrio, Bogotá); Toxicología ambiental -- Investigaciones; Medicina
• Rights: closedAccess
• License: Derechos Reservados - Universidad de Ciencias Aplicadas y Ambientales