Rarity of monodominance in hyperdiverse Amazonian forests

Tropical forests are known for their high diversity. Yet, forest patches do occur in the tropics where a single tree species is dominant. Such “monodominant” forests are known from all of the main tropical regions. For Amazonia, we sampled the occurrence of monodominance in a massive, basin-wide dat...

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Autores:: Ter Steege, Hans
Henkel, Terry W.
Helal, Nora
Marimon, Beatriz Schwantes
Marimon Junior, Ben Hur
Huth, Andreas
Groeneveld, Jürgen
Sabatier, Daniel
de Souza Coelho, Luiz
Lima Filho, Diogenes de Andrade
Salomão, Rafael de Paiva
Amaral, Iêda Leão do
Matos, Francisca Dionízia de Almeida
Castilho, Carolina V.
Phillips, Oliver Lawrence
Guevara Andino, Juan Ernesto
Veiga Carim, Marcelo de Jesus
Cárdenas López, Dairon
Magnusson, William Ernest
Wittmann, Florian
Irume, Mariana Victória
Martins, Maria Pires
da Silva Guimarães, José Renan
Molino, Jean François
Bánki, Olaf Sicco
Fernandez Piedade, Maria Teresa
Pitman, Nigel Charles Andrew
Monteagudo Mendoza, Abel Lorenzo
Ferreira Ramos, José
Luize, Bruno Garcia
de Leão Novo, Evlyn Márcia Moraes
Nuñez Vargas, Mario Percy
Silva, Thiago Sanna Freire
Venticinque, Eduardo Martins
Manzatto, Angelo Gilberto
Reis, Neidiane Farias Costa
Terborgh, John
Casula, Katia Regina
Honorio Coronado, Eurídice Nora
Montero, Juan Carlos
Feldpausch, Ted R.
Duque Montoya, Álvaro Javier
Costa, Flavia Regina Capellotto
Castaño Arboleda, Nicolás
Schöngart, Jochen
Killeen, Timothy J.
Vásquez Martínez, Rodolfo
Mostacedo, Bonifacio
Demarchi, Layon O.
Assis, Rafael Leandro de
Baraloto, Christopher
Engel, Julien
Petronelli, Pascal
Castellanos Amoroso, Hernán Gerardo
Medeiros, Marcelo Brilhante de
Quaresma, Adriano Costa
Simon, Marcelo Fragomeni
Andrade, Ana Cristina Segalin de
Campana Camargo, José Luís
Laurance, Susan G. W.
Laurance, William F.
Rincón, Lorena Maniguaje
Schietti de Almeida, Juliana
Rodrigues de Sousa, Thaiane
de Sousa Farias, Emanuelle
Lopes, Maria Aparecida
Lima Magalhães, José Leonardo
Nascimento, Henrique Eduardo Mendonça
Queiroz, Helder Lima de
Aymard Corredor, Gerardo Antonio
Brienen, Roel Jacobus Wilhelmus
Cárdenas Revilla, Juan David
Vieira, Ima Célia Guimarães
Cintra, Bruno Barçante Ladvocat
Stevenson Diaz, Pablo Roberto
Feitosa, Yuri Oliveira
Duivenvoorden, Joost F.
Mogollón, Hugo F.
Araujo Murakami, Alejandro
Ferreira, Leandro Valle
Lozada Dávila, José Rafael
Comiskey, James A.
Toledo, José Julio de
Damasco, Gabriel
Dávila Cardozo, Nállarett Marina
Draper, Freddie C.
Roosevelt, García Villacorta
Lopes, Aline
Vicentini, Alberto
Alonso, Alfonso
Dallmeier, Francisco
Gomes, Vitor H. F.
Lloyd, Jonathan
Neill, David
Aguiar, Daniel Praia Portela
Arroyo Padilla, Luzmila
Antunes Carvalho, Fernanda
de Souza, Fernanda Coelho
do Amaral, Dário Dantas
Feeley, Kenneth J.
Gribel, Rogerio
Pansonato, Marcelo Petratti
Barlow, Jos
Berenguer, Erika
Ferreira, Joice
Fine, Paul V. A.
Carneiro Guedes, Marcelino
Jiménez Rojas, Eliana María
Licona Vásquez, Juan Carlos
Peñuela Mora, María Cristina
Villa Zegarra, Boris Eduardo
Cerón Martínez, Carlos Eduardo
Maas's, Paul J. M.
Silveira, Marcos
Stropp, Juliana
Thomas Caesar, Raquel S.
Baker, Timothy R.
Daly, Doug
Dexter, Kyle G.
Huamantupa Chuquimaco, Isau
Milliken, William
Pennington, Toby
Ríos Paredes, Marcos
Fuentes Claros, ‪Alfredo Fernando
Klitgaard, Bente
Marcelo Pena, José Luis
Peres, Carlos A.
Silman, Miles R.
Tello, J. Sebastián
Chave, Jérôme
Cornejo Valverde, Fernando
Di Fiore, Anthony
Hilário, Renato Richard
Phillips, Juan Fernando
Rivas Torres, Gonzalo
van Andel, Tinde R.
von Hildebrand, Patricio
Noronha, Janaina Da Costa De
Marques Barbosa, Edelcilio
Rodrigues Barbosa, Flávia
de Matos Bonates, Luiz Carlos
de Sá Carpanedo, Rainiellen
Dávila Doza, Hilda Paulette
Fonty, Émile
Gómez Zárate, Ricardo
Gonzales, Therany
Gallardo Gonzales, George Pepe
Hofman, Bruce
Braga Junqueira, André
Malhi, Yadvinder
de Andrade Miranda, Ires Paula
Mozombite Pinto, Linder Felipe
Prieto, Adriana
Domingos de Jesus, Rodrigues
Rudas Lleras, Agustín
Ruschel, Ademir R.
Macedo Silva, José Natalino
Vela, César IA
Vos, Vincent Antoine
Zent, Egleé L.
Zent, Stanford
Albuquerque, Bianca Weiss
Cano Schütz, Ángela
Carrero Márquez, Yrma Andreina
Correa Gómez, Diego Felipe
Pedrosa Costa, Janaina Barbosa
Monteiro Flores, Bernardo
Galbraith, David
Holmgren, Milena
Kalamandeen, Michelle
Nascimento, Marcelo Trindade
Oliveira, Alexandre A.
Ramírez Angulo, Hirma Coromoto
Rocha, Maira
Scudeller, Veridiana Vizoni
Sierra, Rodrigo
Tirado, Milton
Umaña Medina, María Natalia
van der Heijden, Geertje
Vilanova Torre, Emilio Javier
Vriesendorp, Corine
Wang, Ophelia
R.Young, Kenneth
Ahuite Reategui, Manuel Augusto
Baider, Cláudia
Balslev, Henrik
Cárdenas, Sasha
Casas Caro, Luisa Fernanda
Farfan Rios, William
Cid Ferreira, Carlos Alberto
Linares Palomino, Reynaldo
Mendoza, Casimiro
Mesones, Italo
Torres Lezama, Armando
Urrego Giraldo, Ligia Estela
Villarroel, Daniel
Zagt, Roderick
Alexiades, Miguel N.
de Oliveira, Edmar Almeida
García Cabrera, Karina
Hernández, Lionel
Palacios Cuenca, Walter
Pansin, Susamar
Pauletto, Daniela
Ramírez Arévalo, Freddy
Sampaio, Adeilza Felipe
Valderrama Sandoval, Elvis H.
Valenzuela Gamarra, Luis
Levesley, Aurora
Pickavance, Georgia C.
Melgaço, Karina

Tipo de recurso:: Article of investigation

Fecha de publicación:: 2019

Institución:: Tecnológico de Antioquia

Repositorio:: Repositorio Tdea

Idioma:: eng

id	RepoTdea2_f8b28c4e7b12d7c01c3f6b49daf92d71
oai_identifier_str	oai:dspace.tdea.edu.co:tdea/2809
network_acronym_str	RepoTdea2
network_name_str	Repositorio Tdea
repository_id_str
dc.title.none.fl_str_mv	Rarity of monodominance in hyperdiverse Amazonian forests
title	Rarity of monodominance in hyperdiverse Amazonian forests
spellingShingle	Rarity of monodominance in hyperdiverse Amazonian forests Bosques tropicales Tropical forests Floresta tropical Forêt tropicale Biodiversidad Biodiversity Biodiversidade Biodiversité Especies dominantes Dominant species Espécie dominante Espèce dominante Árboles Trees Árvore Arbre Bosques tropicales Tropical forests Floresta tropical Forêt tropicale
title_short	Rarity of monodominance in hyperdiverse Amazonian forests
title_full	Rarity of monodominance in hyperdiverse Amazonian forests
title_fullStr	Rarity of monodominance in hyperdiverse Amazonian forests
title_full_unstemmed	Rarity of monodominance in hyperdiverse Amazonian forests
title_sort	Rarity of monodominance in hyperdiverse Amazonian forests
dc.creator.fl_str_mv	Ter Steege, Hans Henkel, Terry W. Helal, Nora Marimon, Beatriz Schwantes Marimon Junior, Ben Hur Huth, Andreas Groeneveld, Jürgen Sabatier, Daniel de Souza Coelho, Luiz Lima Filho, Diogenes de Andrade Salomão, Rafael de Paiva Amaral, Iêda Leão do Matos, Francisca Dionízia de Almeida Castilho, Carolina V. Phillips, Oliver Lawrence Guevara Andino, Juan Ernesto Veiga Carim, Marcelo de Jesus Cárdenas López, Dairon Magnusson, William Ernest Wittmann, Florian Irume, Mariana Victória Martins, Maria Pires da Silva Guimarães, José Renan Molino, Jean François Bánki, Olaf Sicco Fernandez Piedade, Maria Teresa Pitman, Nigel Charles Andrew Monteagudo Mendoza, Abel Lorenzo Ferreira Ramos, José Luize, Bruno Garcia de Leão Novo, Evlyn Márcia Moraes Nuñez Vargas, Mario Percy Silva, Thiago Sanna Freire Venticinque, Eduardo Martins Manzatto, Angelo Gilberto Reis, Neidiane Farias Costa Terborgh, John Casula, Katia Regina Honorio Coronado, Eurídice Nora Montero, Juan Carlos Feldpausch, Ted R. Duque Montoya, Álvaro Javier Costa, Flavia Regina Capellotto Castaño Arboleda, Nicolás Schöngart, Jochen Killeen, Timothy J. Vásquez Martínez, Rodolfo Mostacedo, Bonifacio Demarchi, Layon O. Assis, Rafael Leandro de Baraloto, Christopher Engel, Julien Petronelli, Pascal Castellanos Amoroso, Hernán Gerardo Medeiros, Marcelo Brilhante de Quaresma, Adriano Costa Simon, Marcelo Fragomeni Andrade, Ana Cristina Segalin de Campana Camargo, José Luís Laurance, Susan G. W. Laurance, William F. Rincón, Lorena Maniguaje Schietti de Almeida, Juliana Rodrigues de Sousa, Thaiane de Sousa Farias, Emanuelle Lopes, Maria Aparecida Lima Magalhães, José Leonardo Nascimento, Henrique Eduardo Mendonça Queiroz, Helder Lima de Aymard Corredor, Gerardo Antonio Brienen, Roel Jacobus Wilhelmus Cárdenas Revilla, Juan David Vieira, Ima Célia Guimarães Cintra, Bruno Barçante Ladvocat Stevenson Diaz, Pablo Roberto Feitosa, Yuri Oliveira Duivenvoorden, Joost F. Mogollón, Hugo F. Araujo Murakami, Alejandro Ferreira, Leandro Valle Lozada Dávila, José Rafael Comiskey, James A. Toledo, José Julio de Damasco, Gabriel Dávila Cardozo, Nállarett Marina Draper, Freddie C. Roosevelt, García Villacorta Lopes, Aline Vicentini, Alberto Alonso, Alfonso Dallmeier, Francisco Gomes, Vitor H. F. Lloyd, Jonathan Neill, David Aguiar, Daniel Praia Portela Arroyo Padilla, Luzmila Antunes Carvalho, Fernanda de Souza, Fernanda Coelho do Amaral, Dário Dantas Feeley, Kenneth J. Gribel, Rogerio Pansonato, Marcelo Petratti Barlow, Jos Berenguer, Erika Ferreira, Joice Fine, Paul V. A. Carneiro Guedes, Marcelino Jiménez Rojas, Eliana María Licona Vásquez, Juan Carlos Peñuela Mora, María Cristina Villa Zegarra, Boris Eduardo Cerón Martínez, Carlos Eduardo Maas's, Paul J. M. Silveira, Marcos Stropp, Juliana Thomas Caesar, Raquel S. Baker, Timothy R. Daly, Doug Dexter, Kyle G. Huamantupa Chuquimaco, Isau Milliken, William Pennington, Toby Ríos Paredes, Marcos Fuentes Claros, ‪Alfredo Fernando Klitgaard, Bente Marcelo Pena, José Luis Peres, Carlos A. Silman, Miles R. Tello, J. Sebastián Chave, Jérôme Cornejo Valverde, Fernando Di Fiore, Anthony Hilário, Renato Richard Phillips, Juan Fernando Rivas Torres, Gonzalo van Andel, Tinde R. von Hildebrand, Patricio Noronha, Janaina Da Costa De Marques Barbosa, Edelcilio Rodrigues Barbosa, Flávia de Matos Bonates, Luiz Carlos de Sá Carpanedo, Rainiellen Dávila Doza, Hilda Paulette Fonty, Émile Gómez Zárate, Ricardo Gonzales, Therany Gallardo Gonzales, George Pepe Hofman, Bruce Braga Junqueira, André Malhi, Yadvinder de Andrade Miranda, Ires Paula Mozombite Pinto, Linder Felipe Prieto, Adriana Domingos de Jesus, Rodrigues Rudas Lleras, Agustín Ruschel, Ademir R. Macedo Silva, José Natalino Vela, César IA Vos, Vincent Antoine Zent, Egleé L. Zent, Stanford Albuquerque, Bianca Weiss Cano Schütz, Ángela Carrero Márquez, Yrma Andreina Correa Gómez, Diego Felipe Pedrosa Costa, Janaina Barbosa Monteiro Flores, Bernardo Galbraith, David Holmgren, Milena Kalamandeen, Michelle Nascimento, Marcelo Trindade Oliveira, Alexandre A. Ramírez Angulo, Hirma Coromoto Rocha, Maira Scudeller, Veridiana Vizoni Sierra, Rodrigo Tirado, Milton Umaña Medina, María Natalia van der Heijden, Geertje Vilanova Torre, Emilio Javier Vriesendorp, Corine Wang, Ophelia R.Young, Kenneth Ahuite Reategui, Manuel Augusto Baider, Cláudia Balslev, Henrik Cárdenas, Sasha Casas Caro, Luisa Fernanda Farfan Rios, William Cid Ferreira, Carlos Alberto Linares Palomino, Reynaldo Mendoza, Casimiro Mesones, Italo Torres Lezama, Armando Urrego Giraldo, Ligia Estela Villarroel, Daniel Zagt, Roderick Alexiades, Miguel N. de Oliveira, Edmar Almeida García Cabrera, Karina Hernández, Lionel Palacios Cuenca, Walter Pansin, Susamar Pauletto, Daniela Ramírez Arévalo, Freddy Sampaio, Adeilza Felipe Valderrama Sandoval, Elvis H. Valenzuela Gamarra, Luis Levesley, Aurora Pickavance, Georgia C. Melgaço, Karina
dc.contributor.author.none.fl_str_mv	Ter Steege, Hans Henkel, Terry W. Helal, Nora Marimon, Beatriz Schwantes Marimon Junior, Ben Hur Huth, Andreas Groeneveld, Jürgen Sabatier, Daniel de Souza Coelho, Luiz Lima Filho, Diogenes de Andrade Salomão, Rafael de Paiva Amaral, Iêda Leão do Matos, Francisca Dionízia de Almeida Castilho, Carolina V. Phillips, Oliver Lawrence Guevara Andino, Juan Ernesto Veiga Carim, Marcelo de Jesus Cárdenas López, Dairon Magnusson, William Ernest Wittmann, Florian Irume, Mariana Victória Martins, Maria Pires da Silva Guimarães, José Renan Molino, Jean François Bánki, Olaf Sicco Fernandez Piedade, Maria Teresa Pitman, Nigel Charles Andrew Monteagudo Mendoza, Abel Lorenzo Ferreira Ramos, José Luize, Bruno Garcia de Leão Novo, Evlyn Márcia Moraes Nuñez Vargas, Mario Percy Silva, Thiago Sanna Freire Venticinque, Eduardo Martins Manzatto, Angelo Gilberto Reis, Neidiane Farias Costa Terborgh, John Casula, Katia Regina Honorio Coronado, Eurídice Nora Montero, Juan Carlos Feldpausch, Ted R. Duque Montoya, Álvaro Javier Costa, Flavia Regina Capellotto Castaño Arboleda, Nicolás Schöngart, Jochen Killeen, Timothy J. Vásquez Martínez, Rodolfo Mostacedo, Bonifacio Demarchi, Layon O. Assis, Rafael Leandro de Baraloto, Christopher Engel, Julien Petronelli, Pascal Castellanos Amoroso, Hernán Gerardo Medeiros, Marcelo Brilhante de Quaresma, Adriano Costa Simon, Marcelo Fragomeni Andrade, Ana Cristina Segalin de Campana Camargo, José Luís Laurance, Susan G. W. Laurance, William F. Rincón, Lorena Maniguaje Schietti de Almeida, Juliana Rodrigues de Sousa, Thaiane de Sousa Farias, Emanuelle Lopes, Maria Aparecida Lima Magalhães, José Leonardo Nascimento, Henrique Eduardo Mendonça Queiroz, Helder Lima de Aymard Corredor, Gerardo Antonio Brienen, Roel Jacobus Wilhelmus Cárdenas Revilla, Juan David Vieira, Ima Célia Guimarães Cintra, Bruno Barçante Ladvocat Stevenson Diaz, Pablo Roberto Feitosa, Yuri Oliveira Duivenvoorden, Joost F. Mogollón, Hugo F. Araujo Murakami, Alejandro Ferreira, Leandro Valle Lozada Dávila, José Rafael Comiskey, James A. Toledo, José Julio de Damasco, Gabriel Dávila Cardozo, Nállarett Marina Draper, Freddie C. Roosevelt, García Villacorta Lopes, Aline Vicentini, Alberto Alonso, Alfonso Dallmeier, Francisco Gomes, Vitor H. F. Lloyd, Jonathan Neill, David Aguiar, Daniel Praia Portela Arroyo Padilla, Luzmila Antunes Carvalho, Fernanda de Souza, Fernanda Coelho do Amaral, Dário Dantas Feeley, Kenneth J. Gribel, Rogerio Pansonato, Marcelo Petratti Barlow, Jos Berenguer, Erika Ferreira, Joice Fine, Paul V. A. Carneiro Guedes, Marcelino Jiménez Rojas, Eliana María Licona Vásquez, Juan Carlos Peñuela Mora, María Cristina Villa Zegarra, Boris Eduardo Cerón Martínez, Carlos Eduardo Maas's, Paul J. M. Silveira, Marcos Stropp, Juliana Thomas Caesar, Raquel S. Baker, Timothy R. Daly, Doug Dexter, Kyle G. Huamantupa Chuquimaco, Isau Milliken, William Pennington, Toby Ríos Paredes, Marcos Fuentes Claros, ‪Alfredo Fernando Klitgaard, Bente Marcelo Pena, José Luis Peres, Carlos A. Silman, Miles R. Tello, J. Sebastián Chave, Jérôme Cornejo Valverde, Fernando Di Fiore, Anthony Hilário, Renato Richard Phillips, Juan Fernando Rivas Torres, Gonzalo van Andel, Tinde R. von Hildebrand, Patricio Noronha, Janaina Da Costa De Marques Barbosa, Edelcilio Rodrigues Barbosa, Flávia de Matos Bonates, Luiz Carlos de Sá Carpanedo, Rainiellen Dávila Doza, Hilda Paulette Fonty, Émile Gómez Zárate, Ricardo Gonzales, Therany Gallardo Gonzales, George Pepe Hofman, Bruce Braga Junqueira, André Malhi, Yadvinder de Andrade Miranda, Ires Paula Mozombite Pinto, Linder Felipe Prieto, Adriana Domingos de Jesus, Rodrigues Rudas Lleras, Agustín Ruschel, Ademir R. Macedo Silva, José Natalino Vela, César IA Vos, Vincent Antoine Zent, Egleé L. Zent, Stanford Albuquerque, Bianca Weiss Cano Schütz, Ángela Carrero Márquez, Yrma Andreina Correa Gómez, Diego Felipe Pedrosa Costa, Janaina Barbosa Monteiro Flores, Bernardo Galbraith, David Holmgren, Milena Kalamandeen, Michelle Nascimento, Marcelo Trindade Oliveira, Alexandre A. Ramírez Angulo, Hirma Coromoto Rocha, Maira Scudeller, Veridiana Vizoni Sierra, Rodrigo Tirado, Milton Umaña Medina, María Natalia van der Heijden, Geertje Vilanova Torre, Emilio Javier Vriesendorp, Corine Wang, Ophelia R.Young, Kenneth Ahuite Reategui, Manuel Augusto Baider, Cláudia Balslev, Henrik Cárdenas, Sasha Casas Caro, Luisa Fernanda Farfan Rios, William Cid Ferreira, Carlos Alberto Linares Palomino, Reynaldo Mendoza, Casimiro Mesones, Italo Torres Lezama, Armando Urrego Giraldo, Ligia Estela Villarroel, Daniel Zagt, Roderick Alexiades, Miguel N. de Oliveira, Edmar Almeida García Cabrera, Karina Hernández, Lionel Palacios Cuenca, Walter Pansin, Susamar Pauletto, Daniela Ramírez Arévalo, Freddy Sampaio, Adeilza Felipe Valderrama Sandoval, Elvis H. Valenzuela Gamarra, Luis Levesley, Aurora Pickavance, Georgia C. Melgaço, Karina
dc.subject.agrovoc.none.fl_str_mv	Bosques tropicales Tropical forests Floresta tropical Forêt tropicale Biodiversidad Biodiversity Biodiversidade Biodiversité Especies dominantes Dominant species Espécie dominante Espèce dominante Árboles Trees Árvore Arbre Bosques tropicales Tropical forests Floresta tropical Forêt tropicale
topic	Bosques tropicales Tropical forests Floresta tropical Forêt tropicale Biodiversidad Biodiversity Biodiversidade Biodiversité Especies dominantes Dominant species Espécie dominante Espèce dominante Árboles Trees Árvore Arbre Bosques tropicales Tropical forests Floresta tropical Forêt tropicale
description	Tropical forests are known for their high diversity. Yet, forest patches do occur in the tropics where a single tree species is dominant. Such “monodominant” forests are known from all of the main tropical regions. For Amazonia, we sampled the occurrence of monodominance in a massive, basin-wide database of forest-inventory plots from the Amazon Tree Diversity Network (ATDN). Utilizing a simple defining metric of at least half of the trees ≥ 10 cm diameter belonging to one species, we found only a few occurrences of monodominance in Amazonia, and the phenomenon was not significantly linked to previously hypothesized life history traits such wood density, seed mass, ectomycorrhizal associations, or Rhizobium nodulation. In our analysis, coppicing (the formation of sprouts at the base of the tree or on roots) was the only trait significantly linked to monodominance. While at specific locales coppicing or ectomycorrhizal associations may confer a considerable advantage to a tree species and lead to its monodominance, very few species have these traits. Mining of the ATDN dataset suggests that monodominance is quite rare in Amazonia, and may be linked primarily to edaphic factors.
publishDate	2019
dc.date.issued.none.fl_str_mv	2019
dc.date.accessioned.none.fl_str_mv	2023-04-21T21:16:41Z
dc.date.available.none.fl_str_mv	2023-04-21T21:16:41Z
dc.type.spa.fl_str_mv	Artículo de revista
dc.type.coar.spa.fl_str_mv	http://purl.org/coar/resource_type/c_2df8fbb1
dc.type.content.spa.fl_str_mv	Text
dc.type.driver.spa.fl_str_mv	info:eu-repo/semantics/article
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dc.type.version.spa.fl_str_mv	info:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersion
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dc.identifier.uri.none.fl_str_mv	https://dspace.tdea.edu.co/handle/tdea/2809
dc.identifier.eissn.spa.fl_str_mv	2045-2322
url	https://dspace.tdea.edu.co/handle/tdea/2809
identifier_str_mv	2045-2322
dc.language.iso.spa.fl_str_mv	eng
language	eng
dc.relation.citationendpage.spa.fl_str_mv	15
dc.relation.citationissue.spa.fl_str_mv	13822
dc.relation.citationstartpage.spa.fl_str_mv	1
dc.relation.citationvolume.spa.fl_str_mv	9
dc.relation.ispartofjournal.spa.fl_str_mv	Scientific Reports
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Yet, forest patches do occur in the tropics where a single tree species is dominant. Such “monodominant” forests are known from all of the main tropical regions. For Amazonia, we sampled the occurrence of monodominance in a massive, basin-wide database of forest-inventory plots from the Amazon Tree Diversity Network (ATDN). Utilizing a simple defining metric of at least half of the trees ≥ 10 cm diameter belonging to one species, we found only a few occurrences of monodominance in Amazonia, and the phenomenon was not significantly linked to previously hypothesized life history traits such wood density, seed mass, ectomycorrhizal associations, or Rhizobium nodulation. In our analysis, coppicing (the formation of sprouts at the base of the tree or on roots) was the only trait significantly linked to monodominance. While at specific locales coppicing or ectomycorrhizal associations may confer a considerable advantage to a tree species and lead to its monodominance, very few species have these traits. Mining of the ATDN dataset suggests that monodominance is quite rare in Amazonia, and may be linked primarily to edaphic factors.15 páginasapplication/pdfengNature Publishing GroupReino Unidohttps://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/Atribución 4.0 Internacional (CC BY 4.0)info:eu-repo/semantics/openAccesshttp://purl.org/coar/access_right/c_abf2https://www.nature.com/articles/s41598-019-50323-9Rarity of monodominance in hyperdiverse Amazonian forestsArtículo de revistahttp://purl.org/coar/resource_type/c_2df8fbb1Textinfo:eu-repo/semantics/articlehttp://purl.org/redcol/resource_type/ARTinfo:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersionhttp://purl.org/coar/version/c_970fb48d4fbd8a85151382219Scientific ReportsGentry, A. H. 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Global Change Biology 17, 798–818 (2011).Bosques tropicalesTropical forestsFloresta tropicalForêt tropicaleBiodiversidadBiodiversityBiodiversidadeBiodiversitéEspecies dominantesDominant speciesEspécie dominanteEspèce dominanteÁrbolesTreesÁrvoreArbreBosques tropicalesTropical forestsFloresta tropicalForêt tropicaleORIGINALRarity of monodominance in hyperdiverse Amazonian forests.pdfRarity of monodominance in hyperdiverse Amazonian forests.pdfapplication/pdf2155344https://dspace.tdea.edu.co/bitstream/tdea/2809/1/Rarity%20of%20monodominance%20in%20hyperdiverse%20Amazonian%20forests.pdffac5f0c6c0e9f5ff6c30424664979655MD51open accessLICENSElicense.txtlicense.txttext/plain; charset=utf-814828https://dspace.tdea.edu.co/bitstream/tdea/2809/2/license.txt2f9959eaf5b71fae44bbf9ec84150c7aMD52open accessTEXTRarity of monodominance in hyperdiverse Amazonian forests.pdf.txtRarity of monodominance in hyperdiverse Amazonian forests.pdf.txtExtracted 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 incorporada en las Obras Colectivas.

b.	Distribuir copias o fonogramas de las Obras, exhibirlas públicamente, ejecutarlas públicamente y/o ponerlas a disposición pública, incluyéndolas como incorporadas en Obras Colectivas, según corresponda.

c.	Distribuir copias de las Obras Derivadas que se generen, exhibirlas públicamente, ejecutarlas públicamente y/o ponerlas a disposición pública.
Los derechos mencionados anteriormente pueden ser ejercidos en todos los medios y formatos, actualmente conocidos o que se inventen en el futuro. Los derechos antes mencionados incluyen el derecho a realizar dichas modificaciones en la medida que sean técnicamente necesarias para ejercer los derechos en otro medio o formatos, pero de otra manera usted no está autorizado para realizar obras derivadas. Todos los derechos no otorgados expresamente por el Licenciante quedan por este medio reservados, incluyendo pero sin limitarse a aquellos que se mencionan en las secciones 4(d) y 4(e).

4. Restricciones.
La licencia otorgada en la anterior Sección 3 está expresamente sujeta y limitada por las siguientes restricciones:

a.	Usted puede distribuir, exhibir públicamente, ejecutar públicamente, o poner a disposición pública la Obra sólo bajo las condiciones de esta Licencia, y Usted debe incluir una copia de esta licencia o del Identificador Universal de Recursos de la misma con cada copia de la Obra que distribuya, exhiba públicamente, ejecute públicamente o ponga a disposición pública. No es posible ofrecer o imponer ninguna condición sobre la Obra que altere o limite las condiciones de esta Licencia o el ejercicio de los derechos de los destinatarios otorgados en este documento. No es posible sublicenciar la Obra. Usted debe mantener intactos todos los avisos que hagan referencia a esta Licencia y a la cláusula de limitación de garantías. Usted no puede distribuir, exhibir públicamente, ejecutar públicamente, o poner a disposición pública la Obra con alguna medida tecnológica que controle el acceso o la utilización de ella de una forma que sea inconsistente con las condiciones de esta Licencia. Lo anterior se aplica a la Obra incorporada a una Obra Colectiva, pero esto no exige que la Obra Colectiva aparte de la obra misma quede sujeta a las condiciones de esta Licencia. Si Usted crea una Obra Colectiva, previo aviso de cualquier Licenciante debe, en la medida de lo posible, eliminar de la Obra Colectiva cualquier referencia a dicho Licenciante o al Autor Original, según lo solicitado por el Licenciante y conforme lo exige la cláusula 4(c).

b.	Usted no puede ejercer ninguno de los derechos que le han sido otorgados en la Sección 3 precedente de modo que estén principalmente destinados o directamente dirigidos a conseguir un provecho comercial o una compensación monetaria privada. El intercambio de la Obra por otras obras protegidas por derechos de autor, ya sea a través de un sistema para compartir archivos digitales (digital file-sharing) o de cualquier otra manera no será considerado como estar destinado principalmente o dirigido directamente a conseguir un provecho comercial o una compensación monetaria privada, siempre que no se realice un pago mediante una compensación monetaria en relación con el intercambio de obras protegidas por el derecho de autor.

c.	Si usted distribuye, exhibe públicamente, ejecuta públicamente o ejecuta públicamente en forma digital la Obra o cualquier Obra Derivada u Obra Colectiva, Usted debe mantener intacta toda la información de derecho de autor de la Obra y proporcionar, de forma razonable según el medio o manera que Usted esté utilizando: (i) el nombre del Autor Original si está provisto (o seudónimo, si fuere aplicable), y/o (ii) el nombre de la parte o las partes que el Autor Original y/o el Licenciante hubieren designado para la atribución (v.g., un instituto patrocinador, editorial, publicación) en la información de los derechos de autor del Licenciante, términos de servicios o de otras formas razonables; el título de la Obra si está provisto; en la medida de lo razonablemente factible y, si está provisto, el Identificador Uniforme de Recursos (Uniform Resource Identifier) que el Licenciante especifica para ser asociado con la Obra, salvo que tal URI no se refiera a la nota sobre los derechos de autor o a la información sobre el licenciamiento de la Obra; y en el caso de una Obra Derivada, atribuir el crédito identificando el uso de la Obra en la Obra Derivada (v.g., "Traducción Francesa de la Obra del Autor Original," o "Guión Cinematográfico basado en la Obra original del Autor Original"). Tal crédito puede ser implementado de cualquier forma razonable; en el caso, sin embargo, de Obras Derivadas u Obras Colectivas, tal crédito aparecerá, como mínimo, donde aparece el crédito de cualquier otro autor comparable y de una manera, al menos, tan destacada como el crédito de otro autor comparable.

d.	Para evitar toda confusión, el Licenciante aclara que, cuando la obra es una composición musical:

i.	Regalías por interpretación y ejecución bajo licencias generales. El Licenciante se reserva el derecho exclusivo de autorizar la ejecución pública o la ejecución pública digital de la obra y de recolectar, sea individualmente o a través de una sociedad de gestión colectiva de derechos de autor y derechos conexos (por ejemplo, SAYCO), las regalías por la ejecución pública o por la ejecución pública digital de la obra (por ejemplo Webcast) licenciada bajo licencias generales, si la interpretación o ejecución de la obra está primordialmente orientada por o dirigida a la obtención de una ventaja comercial o una compensación monetaria privada.

ii.	Regalías por Fonogramas. El Licenciante se reserva el derecho exclusivo de recolectar, individualmente o a través de una sociedad de gestión colectiva de derechos de autor y derechos conexos (por ejemplo, los consagrados por la SAYCO), una agencia de derechos musicales o algún agente designado, las regalías por cualquier fonograma que Usted cree a partir de la obra (“versión cover”) y distribuya, en los términos del régimen de derechos de autor, si la creación o distribución de esa versión cover está primordialmente destinada o dirigida a obtener una ventaja comercial o una compensación monetaria privada.

e.	Gestión de Derechos de Autor sobre Interpretaciones y Ejecuciones Digitales (WebCasting). Para evitar toda confusión, el Licenciante aclara que, cuando la obra sea un fonograma, el Licenciante se reserva el derecho exclusivo de autorizar la ejecución pública digital de la obra (por ejemplo, webcast) y de recolectar, individualmente o a través de una sociedad de gestión colectiva de derechos de autor y derechos conexos (por ejemplo, ACINPRO), las regalías por la ejecución pública digital de la obra (por ejemplo, webcast), sujeta a las disposiciones aplicables del régimen de Derecho de Autor, si esta ejecución pública digital está primordialmente dirigida a obtener una ventaja comercial o una compensación monetaria privada.

5. Representaciones, Garantías y Limitaciones de Responsabilidad.
A MENOS QUE LAS PARTES LO ACORDARAN DE OTRA FORMA POR ESCRITO, EL LICENCIANTE OFRECE LA OBRA (EN EL ESTADO EN EL QUE SE ENCUENTRA) “TAL CUAL”, SIN BRINDAR GARANTÍAS DE CLASE ALGUNA RESPECTO DE LA OBRA, YA SEA EXPRESA, IMPLÍCITA, LEGAL O CUALQUIERA OTRA, INCLUYENDO, SIN LIMITARSE A ELLAS, GARANTÍAS DE TITULARIDAD, COMERCIABILIDAD, ADAPTABILIDAD O ADECUACIÓN A PROPÓSITO DETERMINADO, AUSENCIA DE INFRACCIÓN, DE AUSENCIA DE DEFECTOS LATENTES O DE OTRO TIPO, O LA PRESENCIA O AUSENCIA DE ERRORES, SEAN O NO DESCUBRIBLES (PUEDAN O NO SER ESTOS DESCUBIERTOS). ALGUNAS JURISDICCIONES NO PERMITEN LA EXCLUSIÓN DE GARANTÍAS IMPLÍCITAS, EN CUYO CASO ESTA EXCLUSIÓN PUEDE NO APLICARSE A USTED.

6. Limitación de responsabilidad.
A MENOS QUE LO EXIJA EXPRESAMENTE LA LEY APLICABLE, EL LICENCIANTE NO SERÁ RESPONSABLE ANTE USTED POR DAÑO ALGUNO, SEA POR RESPONSABILIDAD EXTRACONTRACTUAL, PRECONTRACTUAL O CONTRACTUAL, OBJETIVA O SUBJETIVA, SE TRATE DE DAÑOS MORALES O PATRIMONIALES, DIRECTOS O INDIRECTOS, PREVISTOS O IMPREVISTOS PRODUCIDOS POR EL USO DE ESTA LICENCIA O DE LA OBRA, AUN CUANDO EL LICENCIANTE HAYA SIDO ADVERTIDO DE LA POSIBILIDAD DE DICHOS DAÑOS. ALGUNAS LEYES NO PERMITEN LA EXCLUSIÓN DE CIERTA RESPONSABILIDAD, EN CUYO CASO ESTA EXCLUSIÓN PUEDE NO APLICARSE A USTED.

7. Término.

a.	Esta Licencia y los derechos otorgados en virtud de ella terminarán automáticamente si Usted infringe alguna condición establecida en ella. Sin embargo, los individuos o entidades que han recibido Obras Derivadas o Colectivas de Usted de conformidad con esta Licencia, no verán terminadas sus licencias, siempre que estos individuos o entidades sigan cumpliendo íntegramente las condiciones de estas licencias. Las Secciones 1, 2, 5, 6, 7, y 8 subsistirán a cualquier terminación de esta Licencia.

b.	Sujeta a las condiciones y términos anteriores, la licencia otorgada aquí es perpetua (durante el período de vigencia de los derechos de autor de la obra). No obstante lo anterior, el Licenciante se reserva el derecho a publicar y/o estrenar la Obra bajo condiciones de licencia diferentes o a dejar de distribuirla en los términos de esta Licencia en cualquier momento; en el entendido, sin embargo, que esa elección no servirá para revocar esta licencia o que deba ser otorgada , bajo los términos de esta licencia), y esta licencia continuará en pleno vigor y efecto a menos que sea terminada como se expresa atrás. La Licencia revocada continuará siendo plenamente vigente y efectiva si no se le da término en las condiciones indicadas anteriormente.

8. Varios.

a.	Cada vez que Usted distribuya o ponga a disposición pública la Obra o una Obra Colectiva, el Licenciante ofrecerá al destinatario una licencia en los mismos términos y condiciones que la licencia otorgada a Usted bajo esta Licencia.

b.	Si alguna disposición de esta Licencia resulta invalidada o no exigible, según la legislación vigente, esto no afectará ni la validez ni la aplicabilidad del resto de condiciones de esta Licencia y, sin acción adicional por parte de los sujetos de este acuerdo, aquélla se entenderá reformada lo mínimo necesario para hacer que dicha disposición sea válida y exigible.

c.	Ningún término o disposición de esta Licencia se estimará renunciada y ninguna violación de ella será consentida a menos que esa renuncia o consentimiento sea otorgado por escrito y firmado por la parte que renuncie o consienta.

d.	Esta Licencia refleja el acuerdo pleno entre las partes respecto a la Obra aquí licenciada. No hay arreglos, acuerdos o declaraciones respecto a la Obra que no estén especificados en este documento. El Licenciante no se verá limitado por ninguna disposición adicional que pueda surgir en alguna comunicación emanada de Usted. Esta Licencia no puede ser modificada sin el consentimiento mutuo por escrito del Licenciante y Usted.


Rarity of monodominance in hyperdiverse Amazonian forests

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