Habitat and conservation status of molinillo (Magnolia sambuensis) and laurel arenillo (Magnolia katiorum), two endangered species from the lowland, Colombia
The conservation of the Magnoliaceae family is considered a priority worldwide, especially in Colombia, where all of its 36 species are seriously endangered while frustratingly little is known about their ecology. We therefore, assessed some ecological aspects of two lowland forest species: laurel a...
- Autores:
-
Serna González, Llinet Marcela
Urrego Giraldo, Ligia Estela
- Tipo de recurso:
- Article of investigation
- Fecha de publicación:
- 2016
- Institución:
- Tecnológico de Antioquia
- Repositorio:
- Repositorio Tdea
- Idioma:
- eng
- OAI Identifier:
- oai:dspace.tdea.edu.co:tdea/3979
- Acceso en línea:
- https://dspace.tdea.edu.co/handle/tdea/3979
- Palabra clave:
- Conservación
Conservação
Conservation
Magnolia
Endangered species
Especies en peligro de extinción
Espèce en danger
Espécie em perigo
Darien-Choco region
Región Darién-Chocó
- Rights
- openAccess
- License
- https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/4.0/
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Habitat and conservation status of molinillo (Magnolia sambuensis) and laurel arenillo (Magnolia katiorum), two endangered species from the lowland, Colombia |
| title |
Habitat and conservation status of molinillo (Magnolia sambuensis) and laurel arenillo (Magnolia katiorum), two endangered species from the lowland, Colombia |
| spellingShingle |
Habitat and conservation status of molinillo (Magnolia sambuensis) and laurel arenillo (Magnolia katiorum), two endangered species from the lowland, Colombia Conservación Conservação Conservation Magnolia Endangered species Especies en peligro de extinción Espèce en danger Espécie em perigo Darien-Choco region Región Darién-Chocó |
| title_short |
Habitat and conservation status of molinillo (Magnolia sambuensis) and laurel arenillo (Magnolia katiorum), two endangered species from the lowland, Colombia |
| title_full |
Habitat and conservation status of molinillo (Magnolia sambuensis) and laurel arenillo (Magnolia katiorum), two endangered species from the lowland, Colombia |
| title_fullStr |
Habitat and conservation status of molinillo (Magnolia sambuensis) and laurel arenillo (Magnolia katiorum), two endangered species from the lowland, Colombia |
| title_full_unstemmed |
Habitat and conservation status of molinillo (Magnolia sambuensis) and laurel arenillo (Magnolia katiorum), two endangered species from the lowland, Colombia |
| title_sort |
Habitat and conservation status of molinillo (Magnolia sambuensis) and laurel arenillo (Magnolia katiorum), two endangered species from the lowland, Colombia |
| dc.creator.fl_str_mv |
Serna González, Llinet Marcela Urrego Giraldo, Ligia Estela |
| dc.contributor.author.none.fl_str_mv |
Serna González, Llinet Marcela Urrego Giraldo, Ligia Estela |
| dc.subject.other.none.fl_str_mv |
Conservación Conservação Conservation |
| topic |
Conservación Conservação Conservation Magnolia Endangered species Especies en peligro de extinción Espèce en danger Espécie em perigo Darien-Choco region Región Darién-Chocó |
| dc.subject.agrovoc.none.fl_str_mv |
Magnolia Endangered species Especies en peligro de extinción Espèce en danger Espécie em perigo |
| dc.subject.proposal.none.fl_str_mv |
Darien-Choco region Región Darién-Chocó |
| description |
The conservation of the Magnoliaceae family is considered a priority worldwide, especially in Colombia, where all of its 36 species are seriously endangered while frustratingly little is known about their ecology. We therefore, assessed some ecological aspects of two lowland forest species: laurel arenillo (Magnolia katiorum) and molinillo (M. sambuensis). The first is an endemic species of the Uraba´ region in northwestern Colombia, and the second is distributed from Panama to Colombia along the Choco´ Biogeographical region. Both species have a very low tree density and are found in forest stands that are disturbed by the timber exploitation of valuable woody species. The trees of both species had an average height of 26 m and shared similar environmental conditions such as soil (25C) and air (28C) temperatures, soil moisture (113%), and slope (25%). A redundancy analysis showed that each Magnolia species grows in a different community. Laurel arenillo was not a clear dominant species in a more diverse forest community, and was positively associated to altitude, longitudinal slope, and soil humidity. In contrast, molinillo was positively associated to air temperature and transversal slope and was negatively associated with longitudinal slope. This species was the most dominant in its community, which was less diverse than that of laurel arenillo. The last species should be considered a priority for conservation while the conservation status of molinillo should be further reviewed. Both species displayed large, fragrant, eye-catching flowers throughout most of the year. Keywords Magnolia, conservation, endangered species, Darie´n-Choco´ region |
| publishDate |
2016 |
| dc.date.issued.none.fl_str_mv |
2016 |
| dc.date.accessioned.none.fl_str_mv |
2023-10-21T21:40:24Z |
| dc.date.available.none.fl_str_mv |
2023-10-21T21:40:24Z |
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Artículo de revista |
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http://purl.org/coar/resource_type/c_2df8fbb1 |
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1940-0829 |
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eng |
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eng |
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Tropical Conservation Science |
| dc.relation.references.spa.fl_str_mv |
Azuma, H., Garcı´a-Franco, J., Rico-Gray, V., & Thien, L. (2001). Molecular phylogeny of the Magnoliaceae: The biogeography of tropical and temperate disjunctions. American Journal of Botany, 88, 2275–2285. Batista, W., & Platt, W. (2003). Tree population responses to hurricane disturbance: Syndromes in a south-eastern USA oldgrowth forest. Journal of Ecology, 91, 197–212. Cao, J.-W., Liu, C.-L., Wu, Y., Tang, L., Liu, J., Du, K.-G., & Peng, L.W. (2012). Studies on seed germination and seedling growth mechanism of six endangered magnoliaceous plants. In N. Xia, Q.-W. Zeng, F.-X. Xu, & Q. G. Wu (Eds.). Proceedings of the Second International Symposium of the Family Magnoliaceae (pp. 247–255). Wuhan, China: Huazhong University of Science and Technology Press. Chalermglin, P. (2012). Special propagation and conservation of rare and endangered native Thai Magnoliaceae. In N. Xia, Q.- W. Zeng, F.-X. Xu, & Q.-G. Wu (Eds.). Proceedings of the Second International Symposium of the Family Magnoliaceae (pp. 180–184). Wuhan, China: Huazhong University of Science and Technology Press. Charrock, S., Olfield, S., & Wilson, O. (2014). Plant conservation report 2014: A review of progress towards the global strategy for plant conservation 2011–2020. Secretariat of the Convention on Biological Diversity. Retrieved form www.cbd.int/doc/publications/cbd-ts-81-en.pdf. Cruz, R., Vega, K., & Jime´nez, J. (2008). Magnolia vazquezii (Magnoliaceae), una especie Nueva del Estado de Guerrero, Me´xico. Novon, 18, 21–24. Dieringer, G., & Espinosa, J. E. (1994). Reproductive ecology of Magnolia schiendeana (Magnoliaceae), a threatened cloud forest tree in Veracruz, Mexico. Bulletin of the Torrey Botanical Club, 121, 154–159. Dillon, M., & Sa´nchez, I. (2009). A new species of Magnolia (Magnoliaceae) from the Alto Mayo, San Martin, Peru. Arnaldoa, 16, 7–12. Figlar, R., & Nooteboom, H. (2004). Notes on Magnoliaceae IV. Blumea, 49, 87–100 Finol, H. (1976). Estudio Fitosociolo´gico de las unidades II y III de la Reserva Forestal de Carapo, Estado de Barinas. Acta Botanica Venezuelica, 10, 15–103 Garcı´a, N. (Ed.). (2007). Libro rojo de plantas de Colombia. Volumen 5: Las magnolia´ceas, las miristica´ceas y las podocarpa´ceas. Serie de libros rojos de especies amenazadas de Colombia. Bogota´, Colombia: Instituto Alexander von Humboldt – CORANTIOQUIA – Jardı´n Bota´nico Joaquı´n Antonio Uribe de Medellı´n – Instituto de Ciencias Naturales de la Universidad Nacional de Colombia – Ministerio de Ambiente, Vivienda y Desarrollo Territorial Go´mez, M. L. (Ed.). (2011). Avances en la estrategia para la conservacio´n de las especies de la familia Magnoliaceae en jurisdiccio´n de CORANTIOQUIA. Boletı´n Te´cnico Biodiversidad No. 6. Medellı´n, Colombia: CORANTIOQUIA Guariguata, M., & Ostertag, R. (2002). Sucesio´n secundaria. In M. R. Guariguata, & G. H. Kattan (Eds.). Ecologı´a y conservacio´n de bosques neotropicales (pp. 591–616). San Jose´, Costa Rica: Ediciones LUR. Holdridge, L. R. (1978). Ecologı´a basada en zonas de vida. San Jose´, Costa Rica: IICA. Ida´rraga, A., Ortiz, R., Callejas, R., & Merello, M. (2011). Flora de Antioquia. Cata´logo de las plantas vasculares Vol. II. Listado de las plantas del departamento de Antioquia. Programa Expedicio´n Antioquia-2103. Series Biodiversidad y Recursos Naturales. Bogota´, Colombia: Universidad de Antioquia, Missouri Botanical Garden and Oficina de planeacio´n departamental de la gobernacio´n de Antioquia, Editorial D’Vinni. Retrieved from www.tropicos.org/Project/CV. Kwit, C., & Platt, W. (2003). Disturbance history influences regeneration of non-pioneer understory trees. Ecology, 84, 2575–2581. Li, Y.-I., Zhou, R.-Z., Chen, F.-L., & Liu, Y.H. (2000). Studies on the biological characteristics of magnoliaceous seeds. In Y.- H. Liu, H.-M. Fan, Z.-Y. Chen, Q.-G. Wu, & Q.-W. Zen (Eds.). Proceedings of International Symposium on the Family Magnoliaceae (pp. 276–281). Beijing, China: Science Press Lozano, G. (1983). Flora de Colombia. Magnoliaceae. Bogota´, Colombia: Universidad Nacional de Colombia, Instituto de Ciencias Naturales. Matsuki, Y., Tateno, R., Shibata, M., & Isagi, Y. (2008). Pollination efficiencies of flower-visiting insects as determined by direct genetic analysis of pollen origin. American Journal of Botany, 95, 925–930. Mejı´a, M. (1990). Germinacio´n de dos especies de magnolia (Magnoliaceae) de Puerto Rico y Repu´blica Dominicana. Moscosoa, 6, 196–201. Mendoza, H., & Jime´nez, L. C. (2004). Rubiaceae de Colombia. Guı´a Ilustrada de Ge´neros. Bogota´, Colombia: Instituto de Investigacio´n de Recursos Biolo´gicos Alexander von Humboldt METEOMANZ. (2015). Retrieved from www.meteomanz.com. R Development Core Team (2014). A language and environment for statistical computing. Vienna, Austria: R Foundation for Statistical Computing. Retrieved from www.Rproject.org Rivers, M., Beech, E., Murphy, L., & Olfield, S. (2016). The red list of Magnoliaceae revised and extended. Botanic Gardens Conservation International. Retrieved from www.bgci.org/ files/Global_Trees_Campaign/Magnolia/Magnoliaceae_RedList 2016_LowRes.pdf. Samper, C., & Garcı´a, H. (2001). Estrategia Nacional para la Conservacio´n de Plantas. Bogota´, Colombia: Instituto De Investigacio´n De Recursos Biolo´gicos Alexander Von Humboldt, Red Nacional De Jardines Bota´nicos, Ministerio Del Medio Ambiente, Asociacio´n Colombiana De Herbarios. Sa´nchez, V. L., & Pineda, L. M. (2006). Species diversity, structure and dynamics of two populations of an endangered species, Magnolia dealbata (Magnoliaceae). Revista de Biologı´a Tropical, 54(3): 997–1002. Serna, M. (2005). Ana´lisis filogene´tico de Dugandiodendron (Magnoliaceae) e implicaciones en conservacio´n de Magnoliaceae colombianas (Thesis Master of Science: Bosques y conservacio´n ambiental). Universidad Nacional de Colombia, Medellı´n, Colombia. Serna, M. (2011). Notes on Magnolia field work in Colombia, South America. Journal of the Magnolia Society, 87, 7–12. Si, J. (2000). Protection and development of Magnolia sinostellata – a precious, rare and endangered plant. In Y.-H. Liu, H-M. Fan, Z.-Y. Chen, Q.-G. Wu, & Q.-W. Zen (Eds.). Proceedings of International Symposium on the Family Magnoliaceae (pp. 272–273). Beijing, China: Science Press Ter Braak, C. J. F., & Smilauer, P. (2009). CANOCO for Windows version 4.56. Wageningen, The Netherlands: Biometrics-Plant Research International. Thien, L. (1974). Floral biology of Magnolia. American Journal of Botany, 61, 1037–1045. Thien, L., Kawano, S., Azuma, H., Latimer, S., Devall, M., Rosso, S., ...Jobes, D. (1998). The floral biology of the Magnoliaceae. In D. Hunt (ed.) Magnolias and Their Allies: Proceedings of an International Symposium, Royal Holloway (pp. 37–58). Egham, England: University of London. Tobe, J. (2000). Vegetation associated with natural populations of Magnolia L. in eastern North America. In Y.-H. Liu, H-M. Fan, Z.-Y. Chen, Q.-G. Wu, & Q.-W. Zen (Eds.). Proceedings of International Symposium on the Family Magnoliaceae (pp. 90–125). Beijing, China: Science Press. Vane-Wright, R., Humphries, C., & Williams, P. (1991). What to protect? Systematics and the agony of choice. Biology Conservation, 55, 235–254. Va´squez-Garcı´a, J., Go´mez-Domı´nguez, H., Lo´pez-Cruz, A., Espinosa-Jime´nez, J., Sahagu´n-Godı´nez, E., & Mun˜iz-Castro, M. (2013). Magnolia perezfarrerae, a new species and a key to Mexican species of Magnolia (section Talauma, subsection Talauma, Magnoliaceae). Botanical Sciences, 91, 1–9 Vela´squez, C., & Serna, M. (2005). Magnolia´ceas de Antioquia. Medellı´n, Colombia: Imprego´n Wang, L., Wang, G., Liu, D., Wang, X., & Shen, Z. (2005). Pollination biology of endangered Magnolia sieboldii. Chinese Journal of Ecology, 24, 853–857. Weaver, P. L. (1997). Magnolia splendens Urban. Laurel sabino. New Orleans, LA: Department of Agriculture, Forest Service, Southern Forest Experiment Station. Xie, C., Fu, L., Zeng, Q., Lui, D., Wen, X., & Zhong, W. (2012). Conservation of rare and endangered species Manglietia longipedunculata (Magnoliaceae). In N. Xia, Q.-W. Zeng, F.-X. Xu, & Q.-G. Wu (Eds.). Proceedings of the Second International Symposium of the family Magnoliaceae (pp. 166–179). Wuhan, China: Huazhong University of Science and Technology Press. Yepes, M. (2007). Evaluacio´n de las poblaciones del guana´bano de monte (Magnolia silvioi) en el a´rea de reserva del distrito de manejo integrado del Can˜o´n del rı´o Alicante. Medellı´n, Colombia: CORANTIOQUIA. |
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Serna González, Llinet Marcelaffef650f-7c6e-4e37-bff0-f7f58126054dUrrego Giraldo, Ligia Estela76a9f8b1-989d-481d-acbb-9ac8163899142023-10-21T21:40:24Z2023-10-21T21:40:24Z2016https://dspace.tdea.edu.co/handle/tdea/39791940-0829The conservation of the Magnoliaceae family is considered a priority worldwide, especially in Colombia, where all of its 36 species are seriously endangered while frustratingly little is known about their ecology. We therefore, assessed some ecological aspects of two lowland forest species: laurel arenillo (Magnolia katiorum) and molinillo (M. sambuensis). The first is an endemic species of the Uraba´ region in northwestern Colombia, and the second is distributed from Panama to Colombia along the Choco´ Biogeographical region. Both species have a very low tree density and are found in forest stands that are disturbed by the timber exploitation of valuable woody species. The trees of both species had an average height of 26 m and shared similar environmental conditions such as soil (25C) and air (28C) temperatures, soil moisture (113%), and slope (25%). A redundancy analysis showed that each Magnolia species grows in a different community. Laurel arenillo was not a clear dominant species in a more diverse forest community, and was positively associated to altitude, longitudinal slope, and soil humidity. In contrast, molinillo was positively associated to air temperature and transversal slope and was negatively associated with longitudinal slope. This species was the most dominant in its community, which was less diverse than that of laurel arenillo. The last species should be considered a priority for conservation while the conservation status of molinillo should be further reviewed. Both species displayed large, fragrant, eye-catching flowers throughout most of the year. Keywords Magnolia, conservation, endangered species, Darie´n-Choco´ region25 páginasapplication/pdfengSAGE PublicationsEstados Unidoshttps://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/4.0/Atribución-NoComercial 4.0 Internacional (CC BY-NC 4.0)info:eu-repo/semantics/openAccesshttp://purl.org/coar/access_right/c_abf2https://journals.sagepub.com/doi/epub/10.1177/1940082916667337ConservaciónConservaçãoConservationMagnoliaEndangered speciesEspecies en peligro de extinciónEspèce en dangerEspécie em perigoDarien-Choco regionRegión Darién-ChocóHabitat and conservation status of molinillo (Magnolia sambuensis) and laurel arenillo (Magnolia katiorum), two endangered species from the lowland, ColombiaArtículo de revistahttp://purl.org/coar/resource_type/c_2df8fbb1Textinfo:eu-repo/semantics/articlehttp://purl.org/redcol/resource_type/ARTinfo:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersionhttp://purl.org/coar/version/c_970fb48d4fbd8a85Daríen, Chocó, Colombia139Tropical Conservation ScienceAzuma, H., Garcı´a-Franco, J., Rico-Gray, V., & Thien, L. (2001). Molecular phylogeny of the Magnoliaceae: The biogeography of tropical and temperate disjunctions. American Journal of Botany, 88, 2275–2285.Batista, W., & Platt, W. (2003). Tree population responses to hurricane disturbance: Syndromes in a south-eastern USA oldgrowth forest. Journal of Ecology, 91, 197–212.Cao, J.-W., Liu, C.-L., Wu, Y., Tang, L., Liu, J., Du, K.-G., & Peng, L.W. (2012). Studies on seed germination and seedling growth mechanism of six endangered magnoliaceous plants. In N. Xia, Q.-W. Zeng, F.-X. Xu, & Q. G. Wu (Eds.). Proceedings of the Second International Symposium of the Family Magnoliaceae (pp. 247–255). Wuhan, China: Huazhong University of Science and Technology Press.Chalermglin, P. (2012). Special propagation and conservation of rare and endangered native Thai Magnoliaceae. In N. Xia, Q.- W. Zeng, F.-X. Xu, & Q.-G. Wu (Eds.). Proceedings of the Second International Symposium of the Family Magnoliaceae (pp. 180–184). Wuhan, China: Huazhong University of Science and Technology Press.Charrock, S., Olfield, S., & Wilson, O. (2014). Plant conservation report 2014: A review of progress towards the global strategy for plant conservation 2011–2020. Secretariat of the Convention on Biological Diversity. Retrieved form www.cbd.int/doc/publications/cbd-ts-81-en.pdf.Cruz, R., Vega, K., & Jime´nez, J. (2008). Magnolia vazquezii (Magnoliaceae), una especie Nueva del Estado de Guerrero, Me´xico. Novon, 18, 21–24.Dieringer, G., & Espinosa, J. E. (1994). Reproductive ecology of Magnolia schiendeana (Magnoliaceae), a threatened cloud forest tree in Veracruz, Mexico. Bulletin of the Torrey Botanical Club, 121, 154–159.Dillon, M., & Sa´nchez, I. (2009). A new species of Magnolia (Magnoliaceae) from the Alto Mayo, San Martin, Peru. Arnaldoa, 16, 7–12.Figlar, R., & Nooteboom, H. (2004). Notes on Magnoliaceae IV. Blumea, 49, 87–100Finol, H. (1976). Estudio Fitosociolo´gico de las unidades II y III de la Reserva Forestal de Carapo, Estado de Barinas. Acta Botanica Venezuelica, 10, 15–103Garcı´a, N. (Ed.). (2007). Libro rojo de plantas de Colombia. Volumen 5: Las magnolia´ceas, las miristica´ceas y las podocarpa´ceas. Serie de libros rojos de especies amenazadas de Colombia. Bogota´, Colombia: Instituto Alexander von Humboldt – CORANTIOQUIA – Jardı´n Bota´nico Joaquı´n Antonio Uribe de Medellı´n – Instituto de Ciencias Naturales de la Universidad Nacional de Colombia – Ministerio de Ambiente, Vivienda y Desarrollo TerritorialGo´mez, M. L. (Ed.). (2011). Avances en la estrategia para la conservacio´n de las especies de la familia Magnoliaceae en jurisdiccio´n de CORANTIOQUIA. Boletı´n Te´cnico Biodiversidad No. 6. Medellı´n, Colombia: CORANTIOQUIAGuariguata, M., & Ostertag, R. (2002). Sucesio´n secundaria. In M. R. Guariguata, & G. H. Kattan (Eds.). Ecologı´a y conservacio´n de bosques neotropicales (pp. 591–616). San Jose´, Costa Rica: Ediciones LUR.Holdridge, L. R. (1978). Ecologı´a basada en zonas de vida. San Jose´, Costa Rica: IICA.Ida´rraga, A., Ortiz, R., Callejas, R., & Merello, M. (2011). Flora de Antioquia. Cata´logo de las plantas vasculares Vol. II. Listado de las plantas del departamento de Antioquia. Programa Expedicio´n Antioquia-2103. Series Biodiversidad y Recursos Naturales. Bogota´, Colombia: Universidad de Antioquia, Missouri Botanical Garden and Oficina de planeacio´n departamental de la gobernacio´n de Antioquia, Editorial D’Vinni. Retrieved from www.tropicos.org/Project/CV.Kwit, C., & Platt, W. (2003). Disturbance history influences regeneration of non-pioneer understory trees. Ecology, 84, 2575–2581.Li, Y.-I., Zhou, R.-Z., Chen, F.-L., & Liu, Y.H. (2000). Studies on the biological characteristics of magnoliaceous seeds. In Y.- H. Liu, H.-M. Fan, Z.-Y. Chen, Q.-G. Wu, & Q.-W. Zen (Eds.). Proceedings of International Symposium on the Family Magnoliaceae (pp. 276–281). 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 incorporada en las Obras Colectivas.

b.	Distribuir copias o fonogramas de las Obras, exhibirlas públicamente, ejecutarlas públicamente y/o ponerlas a disposición pública, incluyéndolas como incorporadas en Obras Colectivas, según corresponda.

c.	Distribuir copias de las Obras Derivadas que se generen, exhibirlas públicamente, ejecutarlas públicamente y/o ponerlas a disposición pública.
Los derechos mencionados anteriormente pueden ser ejercidos en todos los medios y formatos, actualmente conocidos o que se inventen en el futuro. Los derechos antes mencionados incluyen el derecho a realizar dichas modificaciones en la medida que sean técnicamente necesarias para ejercer los derechos en otro medio o formatos, pero de otra manera usted no está autorizado para realizar obras derivadas. Todos los derechos no otorgados expresamente por el Licenciante quedan por este medio reservados, incluyendo pero sin limitarse a aquellos que se mencionan en las secciones 4(d) y 4(e).

4. Restricciones.
La licencia otorgada en la anterior Sección 3 está expresamente sujeta y limitada por las siguientes restricciones:

a.	Usted puede distribuir, exhibir públicamente, ejecutar públicamente, o poner a disposición pública la Obra sólo bajo las condiciones de esta Licencia, y Usted debe incluir una copia de esta licencia o del Identificador Universal de Recursos de la misma con cada copia de la Obra que distribuya, exhiba públicamente, ejecute públicamente o ponga a disposición pública. No es posible ofrecer o imponer ninguna condición sobre la Obra que altere o limite las condiciones de esta Licencia o el ejercicio de los derechos de los destinatarios otorgados en este documento. No es posible sublicenciar la Obra. Usted debe mantener intactos todos los avisos que hagan referencia a esta Licencia y a la cláusula de limitación de garantías. Usted no puede distribuir, exhibir públicamente, ejecutar públicamente, o poner a disposición pública la Obra con alguna medida tecnológica que controle el acceso o la utilización de ella de una forma que sea inconsistente con las condiciones de esta Licencia. Lo anterior se aplica a la Obra incorporada a una Obra Colectiva, pero esto no exige que la Obra Colectiva aparte de la obra misma quede sujeta a las condiciones de esta Licencia. Si Usted crea una Obra Colectiva, previo aviso de cualquier Licenciante debe, en la medida de lo posible, eliminar de la Obra Colectiva cualquier referencia a dicho Licenciante o al Autor Original, según lo solicitado por el Licenciante y conforme lo exige la cláusula 4(c).

b.	Usted no puede ejercer ninguno de los derechos que le han sido otorgados en la Sección 3 precedente de modo que estén principalmente destinados o directamente dirigidos a conseguir un provecho comercial o una compensación monetaria privada. El intercambio de la Obra por otras obras protegidas por derechos de autor, ya sea a través de un sistema para compartir archivos digitales (digital file-sharing) o de cualquier otra manera no será considerado como estar destinado principalmente o dirigido directamente a conseguir un provecho comercial o una compensación monetaria privada, siempre que no se realice un pago mediante una compensación monetaria en relación con el intercambio de obras protegidas por el derecho de autor.

c.	Si usted distribuye, exhibe públicamente, ejecuta públicamente o ejecuta públicamente en forma digital la Obra o cualquier Obra Derivada u Obra Colectiva, Usted debe mantener intacta toda la información de derecho de autor de la Obra y proporcionar, de forma razonable según el medio o manera que Usted esté utilizando: (i) el nombre del Autor Original si está provisto (o seudónimo, si fuere aplicable), y/o (ii) el nombre de la parte o las partes que el Autor Original y/o el Licenciante hubieren designado para la atribución (v.g., un instituto patrocinador, editorial, publicación) en la información de los derechos de autor del Licenciante, términos de servicios o de otras formas razonables; el título de la Obra si está provisto; en la medida de lo razonablemente factible y, si está provisto, el Identificador Uniforme de Recursos (Uniform Resource Identifier) que el Licenciante especifica para ser asociado con la Obra, salvo que tal URI no se refiera a la nota sobre los derechos de autor o a la información sobre el licenciamiento de la Obra; y en el caso de una Obra Derivada, atribuir el crédito identificando el uso de la Obra en la Obra Derivada (v.g., "Traducción Francesa de la Obra del Autor Original," o "Guión Cinematográfico basado en la Obra original del Autor Original"). Tal crédito puede ser implementado de cualquier forma razonable; en el caso, sin embargo, de Obras Derivadas u Obras Colectivas, tal crédito aparecerá, como mínimo, donde aparece el crédito de cualquier otro autor comparable y de una manera, al menos, tan destacada como el crédito de otro autor comparable.

d.	Para evitar toda confusión, el Licenciante aclara que, cuando la obra es una composición musical:

i.	Regalías por interpretación y ejecución bajo licencias generales. El Licenciante se reserva el derecho exclusivo de autorizar la ejecución pública o la ejecución pública digital de la obra y de recolectar, sea individualmente o a través de una sociedad de gestión colectiva de derechos de autor y derechos conexos (por ejemplo, SAYCO), las regalías por la ejecución pública o por la ejecución pública digital de la obra (por ejemplo Webcast) licenciada bajo licencias generales, si la interpretación o ejecución de la obra está primordialmente orientada por o dirigida a la obtención de una ventaja comercial o una compensación monetaria privada.

ii.	Regalías por Fonogramas. El Licenciante se reserva el derecho exclusivo de recolectar, individualmente o a través de una sociedad de gestión colectiva de derechos de autor y derechos conexos (por ejemplo, los consagrados por la SAYCO), una agencia de derechos musicales o algún agente designado, las regalías por cualquier fonograma que Usted cree a partir de la obra (“versión cover”) y distribuya, en los términos del régimen de derechos de autor, si la creación o distribución de esa versión cover está primordialmente destinada o dirigida a obtener una ventaja comercial o una compensación monetaria privada.

e.	Gestión de Derechos de Autor sobre Interpretaciones y Ejecuciones Digitales (WebCasting). Para evitar toda confusión, el Licenciante aclara que, cuando la obra sea un fonograma, el Licenciante se reserva el derecho exclusivo de autorizar la ejecución pública digital de la obra (por ejemplo, webcast) y de recolectar, individualmente o a través de una sociedad de gestión colectiva de derechos de autor y derechos conexos (por ejemplo, ACINPRO), las regalías por la ejecución pública digital de la obra (por ejemplo, webcast), sujeta a las disposiciones aplicables del régimen de Derecho de Autor, si esta ejecución pública digital está primordialmente dirigida a obtener una ventaja comercial o una compensación monetaria privada.

5. Representaciones, Garantías y Limitaciones de Responsabilidad.
A MENOS QUE LAS PARTES LO ACORDARAN DE OTRA FORMA POR ESCRITO, EL LICENCIANTE OFRECE LA OBRA (EN EL ESTADO EN EL QUE SE ENCUENTRA) “TAL CUAL”, SIN BRINDAR GARANTÍAS DE CLASE ALGUNA RESPECTO DE LA OBRA, YA SEA EXPRESA, IMPLÍCITA, LEGAL O CUALQUIERA OTRA, INCLUYENDO, SIN LIMITARSE A ELLAS, GARANTÍAS DE TITULARIDAD, COMERCIABILIDAD, ADAPTABILIDAD O ADECUACIÓN A PROPÓSITO DETERMINADO, AUSENCIA DE INFRACCIÓN, DE AUSENCIA DE DEFECTOS LATENTES O DE OTRO TIPO, O LA PRESENCIA O AUSENCIA DE ERRORES, SEAN O NO DESCUBRIBLES (PUEDAN O NO SER ESTOS DESCUBIERTOS). ALGUNAS JURISDICCIONES NO PERMITEN LA EXCLUSIÓN DE GARANTÍAS IMPLÍCITAS, EN CUYO CASO ESTA EXCLUSIÓN PUEDE NO APLICARSE A USTED.

6. Limitación de responsabilidad.
A MENOS QUE LO EXIJA EXPRESAMENTE LA LEY APLICABLE, EL LICENCIANTE NO SERÁ RESPONSABLE ANTE USTED POR DAÑO ALGUNO, SEA POR RESPONSABILIDAD EXTRACONTRACTUAL, PRECONTRACTUAL O CONTRACTUAL, OBJETIVA O SUBJETIVA, SE TRATE DE DAÑOS MORALES O PATRIMONIALES, DIRECTOS O INDIRECTOS, PREVISTOS O IMPREVISTOS PRODUCIDOS POR EL USO DE ESTA LICENCIA O DE LA OBRA, AUN CUANDO EL LICENCIANTE HAYA SIDO ADVERTIDO DE LA POSIBILIDAD DE DICHOS DAÑOS. ALGUNAS LEYES NO PERMITEN LA EXCLUSIÓN DE CIERTA RESPONSABILIDAD, EN CUYO CASO ESTA EXCLUSIÓN PUEDE NO APLICARSE A USTED.

7. Término.

a.	Esta Licencia y los derechos otorgados en virtud de ella terminarán automáticamente si Usted infringe alguna condición establecida en ella. Sin embargo, los individuos o entidades que han recibido Obras Derivadas o Colectivas de Usted de conformidad con esta Licencia, no verán terminadas sus licencias, siempre que estos individuos o entidades sigan cumpliendo íntegramente las condiciones de estas licencias. Las Secciones 1, 2, 5, 6, 7, y 8 subsistirán a cualquier terminación de esta Licencia.

b.	Sujeta a las condiciones y términos anteriores, la licencia otorgada aquí es perpetua (durante el período de vigencia de los derechos de autor de la obra). No obstante lo anterior, el Licenciante se reserva el derecho a publicar y/o estrenar la Obra bajo condiciones de licencia diferentes o a dejar de distribuirla en los términos de esta Licencia en cualquier momento; en el entendido, sin embargo, que esa elección no servirá para revocar esta licencia o que deba ser otorgada , bajo los términos de esta licencia), y esta licencia continuará en pleno vigor y efecto a menos que sea terminada como se expresa atrás. La Licencia revocada continuará siendo plenamente vigente y efectiva si no se le da término en las condiciones indicadas anteriormente.

8. Varios.

a.	Cada vez que Usted distribuya o ponga a disposición pública la Obra o una Obra Colectiva, el Licenciante ofrecerá al destinatario una licencia en los mismos términos y condiciones que la licencia otorgada a Usted bajo esta Licencia.

b.	Si alguna disposición de esta Licencia resulta invalidada o no exigible, según la legislación vigente, esto no afectará ni la validez ni la aplicabilidad del resto de condiciones de esta Licencia y, sin acción adicional por parte de los sujetos de este acuerdo, aquélla se entenderá reformada lo mínimo necesario para hacer que dicha disposición sea válida y exigible.

c.	Ningún término o disposición de esta Licencia se estimará renunciada y ninguna violación de ella será consentida a menos que esa renuncia o consentimiento sea otorgado por escrito y firmado por la parte que renuncie o consienta.

d.	Esta Licencia refleja el acuerdo pleno entre las partes respecto a la Obra aquí licenciada. No hay arreglos, acuerdos o declaraciones respecto a la Obra que no estén especificados en este documento. El Licenciante no se verá limitado por ninguna disposición adicional que pueda surgir en alguna comunicación emanada de Usted. Esta Licencia no puede ser modificada sin el consentimiento mutuo por escrito del Licenciante y Usted.
 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