Checklist, new records, and taxonomic annotations of freshwater thecate dinoflagellate (Dinophyceae) in Colombia
A study on the freshwater dinoflagellate (Dinophyceae) of Colombia was carried out based on samples from four swamps, nine reservoirs, a small insular lake, and additional specimens deposited in the phycological collection of Universidad de Antioquia, Colombia, and the collection of Universidad de L...
- Autores:
-
Bustamante Gil, Carolina
Boltovskoy, Andrés
Rengefors, Karin
Tavera Sierra, Rosa Luz
Amat García, Eduardo Carlo
Ramírez Restrepo, John Jairo
- Tipo de recurso:
- Article of investigation
- Fecha de publicación:
- 2021
- Institución:
- Tecnológico de Antioquia
- Repositorio:
- Repositorio Tdea
- Idioma:
- eng
- OAI Identifier:
- oai:dspace.tdea.edu.co:tdea/3033
- Acceso en línea:
- https://dspace.tdea.edu.co/handle/tdea/3033
- Palabra clave:
- Morphology
Morphologie
Morfología
Phytoplankton
Phytoplancton
Fitoplâncton
Fitopláncton
Wetlands
Terre humide
Pantanal
Tierras húmedas
Dinophyceae
Northern South America
Norte de América del Sur
- Rights
- closedAccess
- License
- http://purl.org/coar/access_right/c_14cb
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| dc.title.none.fl_str_mv |
Checklist, new records, and taxonomic annotations of freshwater thecate dinoflagellate (Dinophyceae) in Colombia |
| title |
Checklist, new records, and taxonomic annotations of freshwater thecate dinoflagellate (Dinophyceae) in Colombia |
| spellingShingle |
Checklist, new records, and taxonomic annotations of freshwater thecate dinoflagellate (Dinophyceae) in Colombia Morphology Morphologie Morfología Phytoplankton Phytoplancton Fitoplâncton Fitopláncton Wetlands Terre humide Pantanal Tierras húmedas Dinophyceae Northern South America Norte de América del Sur |
| title_short |
Checklist, new records, and taxonomic annotations of freshwater thecate dinoflagellate (Dinophyceae) in Colombia |
| title_full |
Checklist, new records, and taxonomic annotations of freshwater thecate dinoflagellate (Dinophyceae) in Colombia |
| title_fullStr |
Checklist, new records, and taxonomic annotations of freshwater thecate dinoflagellate (Dinophyceae) in Colombia |
| title_full_unstemmed |
Checklist, new records, and taxonomic annotations of freshwater thecate dinoflagellate (Dinophyceae) in Colombia |
| title_sort |
Checklist, new records, and taxonomic annotations of freshwater thecate dinoflagellate (Dinophyceae) in Colombia |
| dc.creator.fl_str_mv |
Bustamante Gil, Carolina Boltovskoy, Andrés Rengefors, Karin Tavera Sierra, Rosa Luz Amat García, Eduardo Carlo Ramírez Restrepo, John Jairo |
| dc.contributor.author.none.fl_str_mv |
Bustamante Gil, Carolina Boltovskoy, Andrés Rengefors, Karin Tavera Sierra, Rosa Luz Amat García, Eduardo Carlo Ramírez Restrepo, John Jairo |
| dc.subject.agrovoc.none.fl_str_mv |
Morphology Morphologie Morfología Phytoplankton Phytoplancton Fitoplâncton Fitopláncton Wetlands Terre humide Pantanal Tierras húmedas Dinophyceae |
| topic |
Morphology Morphologie Morfología Phytoplankton Phytoplancton Fitoplâncton Fitopláncton Wetlands Terre humide Pantanal Tierras húmedas Dinophyceae Northern South America Norte de América del Sur |
| dc.subject.proposal.none.fl_str_mv |
Northern South America Norte de América del Sur |
| description |
A study on the freshwater dinoflagellate (Dinophyceae) of Colombia was carried out based on samples from four swamps, nine reservoirs, a small insular lake, and additional specimens deposited in the phycological collection of Universidad de Antioquia, Colombia, and the collection of Universidad de La Plata, Argentina. For most species, detailed morphological descriptions and illustrations are provided. Moreover, the geographical distribution of the species is updated. Durinskia spp., Glochidinium penardiforme, Naiadinium polonicum, Peridiniopsis elpatiewskyi, Peridiniopsis quadridens, and Sphaerodinium fimbriatum, are reported for the first time in Colombia. Furthermore, the correct sulcal plate pattern was determined for Naidinium polonicum which has been misinterpreted in earlier literature. |
| publishDate |
2021 |
| dc.date.issued.none.fl_str_mv |
2021 |
| dc.date.accessioned.none.fl_str_mv |
2023-05-24T22:18:01Z |
| dc.date.available.none.fl_str_mv |
2023-05-24T22:18:01Z |
| dc.type.spa.fl_str_mv |
Artículo de revista |
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http://purl.org/coar/resource_type/c_2df8fbb1 |
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Text |
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info:eu-repo/semantics/article |
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http://purl.org/redcol/resource_type/ART |
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info:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersion |
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http://purl.org/coar/version/c_970fb48d4fbd8a85 |
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http://purl.org/coar/resource_type/c_2df8fbb1 |
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1179-3155 |
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https://dspace.tdea.edu.co/handle/tdea/3033 |
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1179-3163 |
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1179-3155 1179-3163 |
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https://dspace.tdea.edu.co/handle/tdea/3033 |
| dc.language.iso.spa.fl_str_mv |
eng |
| language |
eng |
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167 |
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2 |
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135 |
| dc.relation.citationvolume.spa.fl_str_mv |
509 |
| dc.relation.ispartofjournal.spa.fl_str_mv |
Phytotaxa |
| dc.relation.references.spa.fl_str_mv |
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International Society for Microbial Ecology (ISME Journal) 9: 1821–1834. https://doi.org/10.1038/ismej.2014.267 Aranguren-Riaño, N.J. & Cortés-Pérez, F. (2005) Características limnologícas de dos sistemas acuáticos del municipio de Santana (Boyacá). Ciencia en Desarrollo 2: 64–79. Ascencio, E., Rivera, P. & Cruces, F. (2015) Morfología de Peridiniopsis elpatiewskyi (Ostenfeld) Bourrelly (Dinophyceae) encontrada por primera vez en aguas continentales de Chile. Gayana Botanica 72: 42–46. https://doi.org/10.4067/S0717-66432015000100006 Ascencio, E., Rivera, P., Cruces, F. & Vila, I. (2018) Estudio morfológico de Naiadinium polonicum (Dinophyceae) reportado por primera vez en aguas continentales de Chile. Gayana Botanica 75: 438–446. https://doi.org/10.4067/S0717-66432018000100438 Balech, E. (1974) El género Protoperidinium Bergh 1881 (Peridinium Ehr., 1831, partim.). Revista del Museo Argentino de Ciencias Naturales “Bernardino Rivadavia” 4: 1–79. Björk, S. & Gelin, C. (1980) Limnological function and management of the EL Peñol reservoir, Colombia. Institute of Limnology of Lund, Lund, Sweden, pp. 1–21. Björnerås, C., Škerlep, M., Gollnisch, R., Herzog, S.D., Ugge, G.E., Hegg, A., Hu, N., Johansson, E., Lee, M., Pärssinen, V., Sha, Y., Vinterstare, J., Zhang, H., Hulthén, K., Brönmark, C., Hansson, L.A., Anders Nilsson, P., Rengefors, K. & Brian Langerhans, R. (2020) Inland blue holes of the bahamas – chemistry and biology in a unique aquatic environment. Fundamental and Applied Limnology 194: 95–106. https://doi.org/10.1127/fal/2020/1330 Boltovskoy, A. (1973a) Formación del arqueopilo en tecas de dinoflagelados recientes. Revista Española de Micropaleontología 5: 81–98. Boltovskoy, A. (1973b) Peridinium gatunense Nygaard. Estructura y estéreoultraestructura tecal (Dinoflagellida). Physis (Buenos Aires) B 32: 331–344. Boltovskoy, A. (1995a) Taxonomía y morfología de los dinoflagelados: Métodos de trabajo. Univ. de Concepción, Concepción, pp. 55–82. Boltovskoy, A. (1995b) Técnicas de microscopía electrónica de barrido: aplicación a las microalgas. Univ. de Concepción, Concepción, pp. 119–138. Boltovskoy, A. (1999a) Contribución al conocimiento de los dinoflagelados de la República Argentina. Universidad de La Plata. 148 pp. Boltovskoy, A. (1999b) The genus Glochidinium gen. nov., with two species: G. penardiforme comb. nov. and G. platygaster sp. nov. (Peridiniaceae). Grana 38: 98–107. https://doi.org/10.1080/713786927 Boltovskoy, A. (2003) Peridinium willei (Dinophyceae) y sus formas: ecología y distribución en la Argentina. Boletín de la Sociedad Argentina de Botánica 38: 175–184. Borics, G., Grigorszky, I., Padisák, J., Barbosa, F.A.R. & Z.-Doma, Z. (2005) Dinoflagellates from tropical Brazilian lakes with description of Peridinium brasiliense sp. nova. Algological Studies 118: 47–61. https://doi.org/10.1127/1864-1318/2006/0118-0047 Canosa, A. & Pinilla, G. (2007) Relaciones entre las abundancias del bacterioplancton y del fitoplancton en tres ecosistemas lénticos de los Andes Colombianos. Revista de Biología Tropical 55: 135–146. https://doi.org/10.15517/rbt.v55i1.6064 Cárdenas-Torres, G.Y. & Florido-Mosquera, H.E. (1998) Caracterización de las comunidades fitoplanctónica y perifítica del Embalse de Chuza: Parque Nacional Natural Chingaza, Cundinamarca-Colombia. Diógenes 5: 127–143. Cardozo, A.Y., Bermudez, A., Aranguren, N. & Duque, S.R. (2005) Algas planctónicas del lago de Tota: listado taxonómico actualizado. Ciencia y desarrollo 2: 80–88. https://doi.org/10.19053/issn.0121-7488 Cardozo, L., Braga Fagundes, P. & Becker, V. (2010) Spatial and temporal variations of Dinophyceae in subtropical reservoirs in southern Brazil. Hydrobiologia 654: 205–214. https://doi.org/10.1007/s10750-010-0382-9 Carty, S. (1993) Freshwater dinoflagellates in northern Ohio. Ohio Journal of Science 93: 49. Carty, S. (2008) Parvodinium gen. nov. for the Umbonatum Group of Peridinium (Dinophyceae). The Ohio Journal of Science 108: 103–107. Carty, S. (2014) Freshwater Dinoflagellates of North America. Cornell University Press, New York, 272 pp. https://doi.org/10.7591/9780801470370 Cavalcante, K.P., Craveiro, S.C., Calado, A.J., Ludwig, T.A.V. & Cardoso, L. d. S. (2017) Diversity of freshwater dinoflagellates in the State of Paraná, southern Brazil, with taxonomic and distributional notes. Fottea, Olomouc 17: 240–263. https://doi.org/10.5507/fot.2016.026 Coleman, A.W. (2001) Biogeography and speciation in the Pandorina/Volvulina (Chlorophyta) superclade. Journal of Phycology 37: 836–851. https://doi.org/10.1046/j.1529-8817.2001.01043.x Craveiro, S.C., Daugbjerg, N., Moestrup, Ø. & Calado, A.J. (2015) Fine-structural characterization and phylogeny of Peridinium polonicum, type species of the recently described genus Naiadinium (Dinophyceae). European Journal of Protistology 51: 259–279. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ejop.2015.05.001 Craveiro, S.C., Daugbjerg, N., Moestrup, Ø. & Calado, A.J. (2016) Studies on Peridinium aciculiferum and Peridinium malmogiense (=Scrippsiella hangoei): comparison with Chimonodinium lomnickii and description of Apocalathium gen. nov. (Dinophyceae). Phycologia 56: 21–35. https://doi.org/10.2216/16-20.1 Díaz-Palma, P.A., Alucema, A., Hayashida, G. & Maidana, N.I. (2009) Development and standardization of a microalgae test for determining deaths by drowning. Forensic Science International 37: 37–41. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.forsciint.2008.11.015 Donato-R, J. (1991) Fitoplancton y aspectos físicos y químicos de la laguna de Chingaza en Cundinamarca, Colombia. Caldasia 16: 489–500. Donato-R, J. (2001) Fitoplancton de los lagos andinos del norte de Sudamérica (Colombia). Composición y factores de distribución. Colección. F. y N. Academia Colombiana de Ciencias Exactas (Ed.) 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Fensome, R.A., Taylor, F.J.R., Norris, G., Sarjeant, W.A.S., Wharton, D.I. & Williams, G.L. (1993) A classification of living and fossil dinoflagellates. Micropaleontology Special Publication Vol. 7. Micropaleontology Press, American Museum of Natural History, pp. 1–334. Figueroa Torres, M.G. & Moreno-Ruiz, J.L. (2003) Dinoflagelados dulceacuícolas de México. In: Barreiro-Güemes, M.T., Meave del Castillo, E., Signoret-Poillon, M. & Figueroa Torres, M.G. (Eds.) Planctología Mexicana. Sociedad Mexicana de Planctología, A.C.México, pp. 85–102. Florido-Mosquera, H.E. (1998) Composición y distribución de la comunidad fitoplanctónica, de la Laguna de Iguaque-Santuario de Fauna y Flora de Iguaque , Boyacá-Colombia. Diógenes 5: 53–66. Fonseca, B.M. & Bicudo, C.E.M. (2008) Phytoplankton seasonal variation in a shallow stratified eutrophic reservoir (Garças Pond, Brazil). Hydrobiologia 600: 267–282. https://doi.org/10.1007/s10750-007-9240-9 García de Emiliani, M.O. (1976) Sistemática y variaciones cuali-cuantitativas diurnas del fitoplancton en el “Lago del Parque General Belgrano.” Physis (Buenos Aires) B 35: 17–38. Hansen, G. & Flaim, G. (2007) Dinoflagellates of the Trentino Province, Italy. Journal of Limnology 66: 107–141. https://doi.org/10.4081/jlimnol.2007.107 Hargraves, P.E. & Víquez, M.R. (1981) Dinoflagellate abundance in the Laguna Botos, Poás Volcano, Costa Rica. Revista de Biología Tropical 29: 257–264. Hedger, R.D., Olsen, N.R.B., George, D.G., Malthus, T.J. & Atkinson, P.M. (2004) Modelling spatial distributions of Ceratium hirundinella and Microcystis in a small productive British lake. Hydrobiologia 528: 217–227. https://doi.org/10.1007/s10750-004-2349-1 Huber-Pestalozzi, G. (1968) Cryptophyceae, Chloromonadophyceae, Dinophyceae. In: Elster, H.J. & Ohle, W. (Eds.) Das Phytoplankton des Sübwassers. Shweizerbart’sche Verlag., Stuttgart, pp. 332. Huitfeld-Kaas, H. (1900) Die limnetischen Peridineen in norwegischen Binnenseen. Videnskabsselskabets Skritter. I. Mathematisk-naturvidenskabelig Klasse 2: 1–8. Iltis, A. & Couté, A. (1984) Peridiniales (Algae, Pyrrophyta) de Bolivie. Revue d’Hydrobiologie Tropicale 17: 279–280. Imamura, K. & Fukuyo, Y. (1990) Peridinium polonicum Woloszynska. In: Fukuyo, Y., Hideaki, T., Chihara, M. & Matsuoka, K. (Eds.) U.Rokakuho Publ., Tokyo, pp. 136–137. Jaramillo, U., Cortés-Duque, J. & Flórez, C. eds. (2015) Colombia Anfibia. Un país de humedales. Vol. 1. Instituto de Investigación de Recursos Biológicos Alexander von Humboldt., Bogotá, D C., 140 pp. Kofoid, C.A. (1909) On Peridinium steini Jörgensen, with a note on the nomenclature of the skeleton of the Peridinidae. Archiv für Protistenkunde 16: 25–47. Lefèvre, M. (1932) Monographie des espèces d’eau douce du genre Peridinium Ehrb. Archives de Botanique 2: 1–210. Lemmermann, E. (1905) Über die von Herrn Dr. Walter Volz auf seiner Weltreise gesammelten Süsswasseralgen. Abhandlungen herausgegeben vom Naturwissenschaftlichen Verein zu Bremen 18: 143–174. León-López, N., Rivera-Rondón, C.A., Zápata, A., Jiménez, J., Villamil, W., Arenas, G., Rincón, C. & Sánchez, T. (2012) Factors controlling phytoplankton in tropical high-mountain drinking-water reservoirs. Limnetica 31: 305–322. https://doi.org/10.23818/limn.31.26 Lindemann, E. (1918) Untersuchungen über Süsswasserperidineen und ihre Variationsformen II. Archiv Für Naturgeschichte 84A (8): 121–194. Ling, H.U., Croome, R.L. & Tyler, P.A. (1989) Freshwater dinoflagellates of Tasmania, a survey of taxonomy and distribution. British Phycological Journal 24: 111–129. https://doi.org/10.1080/00071618900650111 Lira, B., Parrow, M.W. & Tavera, R. (2017) Morphology and Ecology of Freshwater-blooming Durinskia baltica (Dinophyceae: Peridiniales) in Xochimilco, Mexico. Microbiology Research Journal International 18: 1–15. https://doi.org/10.9734/MRJI/2017/30342 Löffler, H. (1972) Contribution to the limnology of high mountain lakes in Central America. Internationale Revue der gesamten Hydrobiologie und Hydrographie 57: 397–408. https://doi.org/10.1002/iroh.19720570304 Logares, R., Boltovskoy, A., Bensch, S., Laybourn-Parry, J. & Rengefors, K. (2009) Genetic diversity patterns in five protist species occurring in lakes. Protist 160: 301–317. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.protis.2008.10.004 Martínez-Silva, P., Muñoz-Yustres, J.L., Losada-Benavides, L.C. & Rodríguez-Serrezuela, R. (2018) Composition of the phytoplankton community in the first stages of the Quimbo Dam life cycle in Huila – Colombia. Contemporary Engineering Sciences 11: 907–924. https://doi.org/10.12988/ces.2018.8265 Meichtry de Zaburlin, N., Vogler, R.B., Molina, M.J. & Llano, V.M. (2016) Potential distribution of the invasive freshwater dinoflagellate Ceratium furcoides (Levander) Langhans (Dinophyta) in South America. Journal of Phycology 52: 200–208. https://doi.org/10.1111/jpy.12382 Moestrup, Ø. & Calado, A.J. (2018) Süsswasserflora von Mitteleuropa. 6. Dinophyceae. B. Büdel, G. Gärtner, L. Krienitz & M. Schagerl (Eds.) Springer, Berlin, 561 pp. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-662-56269-7_7 Montoya, Y. (2011) Efecto del pulso de inundación en la dinámica algal epifítica en un sistema de lagos de planicie de inundación tropicales (Ciénaga de Ayapel-Colombia). Universidad de Antioquia, 287 pp. Morales, E.A. (2016) Floración de Ceratium furcoides (Levander) Langhans (Dinoflagellata, Dinophyceae) en la represa de La Angostura, Cochabamba, Bolivia. Acta Nova 7: 389–398. Ostenfeld, C.H. (1907) Beiträge zur Kenntnis der Algenflora des Kossogol-Beckens in der nordwestlichen Mongolei, mit spezieller Berücksichtigung des Phytoplanktons. Hedwigia 46: 365–420. Ostenfeld, C.H. & Nygaard, G. (1925) On the phytoplankton of the Gatun Lake, Panama Canal. Dansk Botanisk Arkiv Udgivet af Dansk Botanisk Forening 4: 1–16. Pandeirada, M.S., Craveiro, S.C. & Calado, A.J. (2013) Freshwater dinoflagellates in Portugal (W Iberia): a critical checklist and new observations. Nova Hedwigia 97: 321–348. https://doi.org/10.1127/0029-5035/2013/0119 Pinilla, G.A., Canosa, A., Vargas, A., Gavilán, M. & López, L. (2007) Acoplamiento entre las comunidades planctónicas de un lago amazónico de aguas claras (lago Boa, Colombia). Limnetica 26: 53–65. https://doi.org/10.23818/limn.26.05 Popovský, J. & Pfiester, L.A. (1990) Süsswasserflora von Mitteleuropa. 6. Dinophyceae (Dinoflagellida). H. Ettl, J. Gerloff, H. Heynig & D. Mollenhauer (Eds.) Gustav Fischer, Jena. 272 pp. Ramos, G.J.P., Bicudo, C.E. de M. & Moura, C.W. do N. (2016) First record of Parvodinium umbonatum (Stein) Carty (Peridiniaceae, Dinophyta) for northeast Brazil. Check List 12: 1–6. https://doi.org/10.15560/12.6.2024 Rengefors, K., Logares, R., Laybourn-Parry, J. & Gast, R.J. (2015) Evidence of concurrent local adaptation and high phenotypic plasticity in a polar microeukaryote. Environmental Microbiology 17: 1510–1519. https://doi.org/10.1111/1462-2920.12571 Sant’Anna, C.L., Xavier, M.B. & Sormus, L. (1988) Estudo qualitativo do fitoplâncton da represa da Serraria. Estado de São Paulo, Brasil. Revista Brasileira de Biologia 48: 83–102. Stokes, A.C. (1887) Notices of new fresh-water infusoria. Proceedings of the American Philosophical Society 24: 244–255. Thompson, R.H. (1951) A new genus and new records of fresh-water Pyrrophyta in the Desmokontae and Dinophyceae. Lloydia 13: 277–299. Vanormelingen, P., Verleyen, E. & Vyverman, W. (2008) The diversity and distribution of diatoms: from cosmopolitanism to narrow endemism. Biodiversity and Conservation 17: 393–405. https://doi.org/10.1007/s10531-007-9257-4 Vega, J.E., Diez, de A. & Ruiz-C, O. (1993) Limnología de un lago colombiano. Revista Ainsa 1993: 63–72. Woloszynska, J. (1916) Polnische Süsswasser-Peridineen. Bulletin international de l’Académie des sciences de Cracovie, Classe des sciences mathématiques et naturelles. Série B, Sciences naturelles 1915: 260–285. Van den Wyngaert, S., Möst, M., Freimann, R., Ibelings, B.W. & Spaak, P. (2015) Hidden diversity in the freshwater planktonic diatom Asterionella formosa. Molecular Ecology 24: 2955–2912. https://doi.org/10.1111/mec.13218 |
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Bustamante Gil, Carolinaa00ca3b0-a4f0-4a29-b082-b26a881933feBoltovskoy, Andrés91962708-60c4-49b0-bba7-b45911b7ebb1Rengefors, Karinb45e8538-d1e6-44eb-87ee-149f0b6a4a9dTavera Sierra, Rosa Luzddef9b39-608d-4e0c-92fd-0e058d88805fAmat García, Eduardo Carlo3323f5c6-ac61-4e2d-99ea-b547f4750b7fRamírez Restrepo, John Jairo227e233b-52b4-45c6-9518-61958807e0682023-05-24T22:18:01Z2023-05-24T22:18:01Z20211179-3155https://dspace.tdea.edu.co/handle/tdea/30331179-3163A study on the freshwater dinoflagellate (Dinophyceae) of Colombia was carried out based on samples from four swamps, nine reservoirs, a small insular lake, and additional specimens deposited in the phycological collection of Universidad de Antioquia, Colombia, and the collection of Universidad de La Plata, Argentina. For most species, detailed morphological descriptions and illustrations are provided. Moreover, the geographical distribution of the species is updated. Durinskia spp., Glochidinium penardiforme, Naiadinium polonicum, Peridiniopsis elpatiewskyi, Peridiniopsis quadridens, and Sphaerodinium fimbriatum, are reported for the first time in Colombia. Furthermore, the correct sulcal plate pattern was determined for Naidinium polonicum which has been misinterpreted in earlier literature.33 páginasimage/jpegengMagnolia PressNew Zealandhttps://www.biotaxa.org/Phytotaxa/article/view/phytotaxa.509.2.1Checklist, new records, and taxonomic annotations of freshwater thecate dinoflagellate (Dinophyceae) in ColombiaArtículo de revistahttp://purl.org/coar/resource_type/c_2df8fbb1Textinfo:eu-repo/semantics/articlehttp://purl.org/redcol/resource_type/ARTinfo:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersionhttp://purl.org/coar/version/c_970fb48d4fbd8a85Colombia1672135509PhytotaxaAdachi, R. (1965) Studies on a dinoflagellate Peridinium polonicum Wolosz. I. The structure of skeleton. J. Fac. Fish. Prefect. Univ. Mie. 6: 317–326.Aguilera-Díaz, M.M. (Ed.) (2011) La economía de las Ciénagas del Caribe colombiano. Primera Ed. Banco de la República, Bogotá, D C. 197 pp. https://doi.org/10.32468/Ebook.664-245-3Aguirre Ramírez, N.J., Palacio Baena, J. & Ramírez Restrepo, J.J. (2007) Características limnológicas del Embalse El Peñol-Guatapé, Colombia. Revista Ingenierías Universidad de Medellín 6: 53–66.Almanza, V., Bicudo, C.E.M., Parra, O. & Urrutia (2016) Características morfológicas y limnológicas de las floraciones de Ceratium furcoides (Dinophyta) en un lago somero de Chile Central. Limnetica 35: 253–268. https://doi.org/10.23818/limn.35.21Annenkova, N. V, Hansen, G., Moestrup, Ø. & Rengefors, K. (2015) Recent radiation in a marine and freshwater dinoflagellate species flock. International Society for Microbial Ecology (ISME Journal) 9: 1821–1834. https://doi.org/10.1038/ismej.2014.267Aranguren-Riaño, N.J. & Cortés-Pérez, F. (2005) Características limnologícas de dos sistemas acuáticos del municipio de Santana (Boyacá). Ciencia en Desarrollo 2: 64–79.Ascencio, E., Rivera, P. & Cruces, F. (2015) Morfología de Peridiniopsis elpatiewskyi (Ostenfeld) Bourrelly (Dinophyceae) encontrada por primera vez en aguas continentales de Chile. Gayana Botanica 72: 42–46. https://doi.org/10.4067/S0717-66432015000100006Ascencio, E., Rivera, P., Cruces, F. & Vila, I. (2018) Estudio morfológico de Naiadinium polonicum (Dinophyceae) reportado por primera vez en aguas continentales de Chile. Gayana Botanica 75: 438–446. https://doi.org/10.4067/S0717-66432018000100438Balech, E. (1974) El género Protoperidinium Bergh 1881 (Peridinium Ehr., 1831, partim.). Revista del Museo Argentino de Ciencias Naturales “Bernardino Rivadavia” 4: 1–79.Björk, S. & Gelin, C. (1980) Limnological function and management of the EL Peñol reservoir, Colombia. 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Bulletin international de l’Académie des sciences de Cracovie, Classe des sciences mathématiques et naturelles. Série B, Sciences naturelles 1915: 260–285.Van den Wyngaert, S., Möst, M., Freimann, R., Ibelings, B.W. & Spaak, P. (2015) Hidden diversity in the freshwater planktonic diatom Asterionella formosa. Molecular Ecology 24: 2955–2912. https://doi.org/10.1111/mec.13218info:eu-repo/semantics/closedAccesshttp://purl.org/coar/access_right/c_14cbMorphologyMorphologieMorfologíaPhytoplanktonPhytoplanctonFitoplânctonFitoplánctonWetlandsTerre humidePantanalTierras húmedasDinophyceaeNorthern South AmericaNorte de América del SurTHUMBNAILChecklist, new records, and taxonomic annotations of freshwater thecate dinoflagellate _Dinophyceae_ in Colombia.jpg.jpgChecklist, new records, and taxonomic annotations of freshwater thecate dinoflagellate _Dinophyceae_ in Colombia.jpg.jpgGenerated Thumbnailimage/jpeg11061https://dspace.tdea.edu.co/bitstream/tdea/3033/3/Checklist%2c%20new%20records%2c%20and%20taxonomic%20annotations%20of%20freshwater%20thecate%20dinoflagellate%20_Dinophyceae_%20in%20Colombia.jpg.jpg9fb59d6b9681be5bbe5c0e266c8ef742MD53open accessLICENSElicense.txtlicense.txttext/plain; charset=utf-814828https://dspace.tdea.edu.co/bitstream/tdea/3033/2/license.txt2f9959eaf5b71fae44bbf9ec84150c7aMD52open accessORIGINALChecklist, new records, and taxonomic annotations of freshwater thecate dinoflagellate _Dinophyceae_ in Colombia.jpgChecklist, new records, and taxonomic annotations of freshwater thecate dinoflagellate _Dinophyceae_ in Colombia.jpgDatos del documentoimage/jpeg252271https://dspace.tdea.edu.co/bitstream/tdea/3033/1/Checklist%2c%20new%20records%2c%20and%20taxonomic%20annotations%20of%20freshwater%20thecate%20dinoflagellate%20_Dinophyceae_%20in%20Colombia.jpg5e9059f854a5a21d52c1ca088911289eMD51open accesstdea/3033oai:dspace.tdea.edu.co:tdea/30332023-05-25 03:03:04.292open accessRepositorio Institucional Tecnologico de 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 incorporada en las Obras Colectivas.

b.	Distribuir copias o fonogramas de las Obras, exhibirlas públicamente, ejecutarlas públicamente y/o ponerlas a disposición pública, incluyéndolas como incorporadas en Obras Colectivas, según corresponda.

c.	Distribuir copias de las Obras Derivadas que se generen, exhibirlas públicamente, ejecutarlas públicamente y/o ponerlas a disposición pública.
Los derechos mencionados anteriormente pueden ser ejercidos en todos los medios y formatos, actualmente conocidos o que se inventen en el futuro. Los derechos antes mencionados incluyen el derecho a realizar dichas modificaciones en la medida que sean técnicamente necesarias para ejercer los derechos en otro medio o formatos, pero de otra manera usted no está autorizado para realizar obras derivadas. Todos los derechos no otorgados expresamente por el Licenciante quedan por este medio reservados, incluyendo pero sin limitarse a aquellos que se mencionan en las secciones 4(d) y 4(e).

4. Restricciones.
La licencia otorgada en la anterior Sección 3 está expresamente sujeta y limitada por las siguientes restricciones:

a.	Usted puede distribuir, exhibir públicamente, ejecutar públicamente, o poner a disposición pública la Obra sólo bajo las condiciones de esta Licencia, y Usted debe incluir una copia de esta licencia o del Identificador Universal de Recursos de la misma con cada copia de la Obra que distribuya, exhiba públicamente, ejecute públicamente o ponga a disposición pública. No es posible ofrecer o imponer ninguna condición sobre la Obra que altere o limite las condiciones de esta Licencia o el ejercicio de los derechos de los destinatarios otorgados en este documento. No es posible sublicenciar la Obra. Usted debe mantener intactos todos los avisos que hagan referencia a esta Licencia y a la cláusula de limitación de garantías. Usted no puede distribuir, exhibir públicamente, ejecutar públicamente, o poner a disposición pública la Obra con alguna medida tecnológica que controle el acceso o la utilización de ella de una forma que sea inconsistente con las condiciones de esta Licencia. Lo anterior se aplica a la Obra incorporada a una Obra Colectiva, pero esto no exige que la Obra Colectiva aparte de la obra misma quede sujeta a las condiciones de esta Licencia. Si Usted crea una Obra Colectiva, previo aviso de cualquier Licenciante debe, en la medida de lo posible, eliminar de la Obra Colectiva cualquier referencia a dicho Licenciante o al Autor Original, según lo solicitado por el Licenciante y conforme lo exige la cláusula 4(c).

b.	Usted no puede ejercer ninguno de los derechos que le han sido otorgados en la Sección 3 precedente de modo que estén principalmente destinados o directamente dirigidos a conseguir un provecho comercial o una compensación monetaria privada. El intercambio de la Obra por otras obras protegidas por derechos de autor, ya sea a través de un sistema para compartir archivos digitales (digital file-sharing) o de cualquier otra manera no será considerado como estar destinado principalmente o dirigido directamente a conseguir un provecho comercial o una compensación monetaria privada, siempre que no se realice un pago mediante una compensación monetaria en relación con el intercambio de obras protegidas por el derecho de autor.

c.	Si usted distribuye, exhibe públicamente, ejecuta públicamente o ejecuta públicamente en forma digital la Obra o cualquier Obra Derivada u Obra Colectiva, Usted debe mantener intacta toda la información de derecho de autor de la Obra y proporcionar, de forma razonable según el medio o manera que Usted esté utilizando: (i) el nombre del Autor Original si está provisto (o seudónimo, si fuere aplicable), y/o (ii) el nombre de la parte o las partes que el Autor Original y/o el Licenciante hubieren designado para la atribución (v.g., un instituto patrocinador, editorial, publicación) en la información de los derechos de autor del Licenciante, términos de servicios o de otras formas razonables; el título de la Obra si está provisto; en la medida de lo razonablemente factible y, si está provisto, el Identificador Uniforme de Recursos (Uniform Resource Identifier) que el Licenciante especifica para ser asociado con la Obra, salvo que tal URI no se refiera a la nota sobre los derechos de autor o a la información sobre el licenciamiento de la Obra; y en el caso de una Obra Derivada, atribuir el crédito identificando el uso de la Obra en la Obra Derivada (v.g., "Traducción Francesa de la Obra del Autor Original," o "Guión Cinematográfico basado en la Obra original del Autor Original"). Tal crédito puede ser implementado de cualquier forma razonable; en el caso, sin embargo, de Obras Derivadas u Obras Colectivas, tal crédito aparecerá, como mínimo, donde aparece el crédito de cualquier otro autor comparable y de una manera, al menos, tan destacada como el crédito de otro autor comparable.

d.	Para evitar toda confusión, el Licenciante aclara que, cuando la obra es una composición musical:

i.	Regalías por interpretación y ejecución bajo licencias generales. El Licenciante se reserva el derecho exclusivo de autorizar la ejecución pública o la ejecución pública digital de la obra y de recolectar, sea individualmente o a través de una sociedad de gestión colectiva de derechos de autor y derechos conexos (por ejemplo, SAYCO), las regalías por la ejecución pública o por la ejecución pública digital de la obra (por ejemplo Webcast) licenciada bajo licencias generales, si la interpretación o ejecución de la obra está primordialmente orientada por o dirigida a la obtención de una ventaja comercial o una compensación monetaria privada.

ii.	Regalías por Fonogramas. El Licenciante se reserva el derecho exclusivo de recolectar, individualmente o a través de una sociedad de gestión colectiva de derechos de autor y derechos conexos (por ejemplo, los consagrados por la SAYCO), una agencia de derechos musicales o algún agente designado, las regalías por cualquier fonograma que Usted cree a partir de la obra (“versión cover”) y distribuya, en los términos del régimen de derechos de autor, si la creación o distribución de esa versión cover está primordialmente destinada o dirigida a obtener una ventaja comercial o una compensación monetaria privada.

e.	Gestión de Derechos de Autor sobre Interpretaciones y Ejecuciones Digitales (WebCasting). Para evitar toda confusión, el Licenciante aclara que, cuando la obra sea un fonograma, el Licenciante se reserva el derecho exclusivo de autorizar la ejecución pública digital de la obra (por ejemplo, webcast) y de recolectar, individualmente o a través de una sociedad de gestión colectiva de derechos de autor y derechos conexos (por ejemplo, ACINPRO), las regalías por la ejecución pública digital de la obra (por ejemplo, webcast), sujeta a las disposiciones aplicables del régimen de Derecho de Autor, si esta ejecución pública digital está primordialmente dirigida a obtener una ventaja comercial o una compensación monetaria privada.

5. Representaciones, Garantías y Limitaciones de Responsabilidad.
A MENOS QUE LAS PARTES LO ACORDARAN DE OTRA FORMA POR ESCRITO, EL LICENCIANTE OFRECE LA OBRA (EN EL ESTADO EN EL QUE SE ENCUENTRA) “TAL CUAL”, SIN BRINDAR GARANTÍAS DE CLASE ALGUNA RESPECTO DE LA OBRA, YA SEA EXPRESA, IMPLÍCITA, LEGAL O CUALQUIERA OTRA, INCLUYENDO, SIN LIMITARSE A ELLAS, GARANTÍAS DE TITULARIDAD, COMERCIABILIDAD, ADAPTABILIDAD O ADECUACIÓN A PROPÓSITO DETERMINADO, AUSENCIA DE INFRACCIÓN, DE AUSENCIA DE DEFECTOS LATENTES O DE OTRO TIPO, O LA PRESENCIA O AUSENCIA DE ERRORES, SEAN O NO DESCUBRIBLES (PUEDAN O NO SER ESTOS DESCUBIERTOS). ALGUNAS JURISDICCIONES NO PERMITEN LA EXCLUSIÓN DE GARANTÍAS IMPLÍCITAS, EN CUYO CASO ESTA EXCLUSIÓN PUEDE NO APLICARSE A USTED.

6. Limitación de responsabilidad.
A MENOS QUE LO EXIJA EXPRESAMENTE LA LEY APLICABLE, EL LICENCIANTE NO SERÁ RESPONSABLE ANTE USTED POR DAÑO ALGUNO, SEA POR RESPONSABILIDAD EXTRACONTRACTUAL, PRECONTRACTUAL O CONTRACTUAL, OBJETIVA O SUBJETIVA, SE TRATE DE DAÑOS MORALES O PATRIMONIALES, DIRECTOS O INDIRECTOS, PREVISTOS O IMPREVISTOS PRODUCIDOS POR EL USO DE ESTA LICENCIA O DE LA OBRA, AUN CUANDO EL LICENCIANTE HAYA SIDO ADVERTIDO DE LA POSIBILIDAD DE DICHOS DAÑOS. ALGUNAS LEYES NO PERMITEN LA EXCLUSIÓN DE CIERTA RESPONSABILIDAD, EN CUYO CASO ESTA EXCLUSIÓN PUEDE NO APLICARSE A USTED.

7. Término.

a.	Esta Licencia y los derechos otorgados en virtud de ella terminarán automáticamente si Usted infringe alguna condición establecida en ella. Sin embargo, los individuos o entidades que han recibido Obras Derivadas o Colectivas de Usted de conformidad con esta Licencia, no verán terminadas sus licencias, siempre que estos individuos o entidades sigan cumpliendo íntegramente las condiciones de estas licencias. Las Secciones 1, 2, 5, 6, 7, y 8 subsistirán a cualquier terminación de esta Licencia.

b.	Sujeta a las condiciones y términos anteriores, la licencia otorgada aquí es perpetua (durante el período de vigencia de los derechos de autor de la obra). No obstante lo anterior, el Licenciante se reserva el derecho a publicar y/o estrenar la Obra bajo condiciones de licencia diferentes o a dejar de distribuirla en los términos de esta Licencia en cualquier momento; en el entendido, sin embargo, que esa elección no servirá para revocar esta licencia o que deba ser otorgada , bajo los términos de esta licencia), y esta licencia continuará en pleno vigor y efecto a menos que sea terminada como se expresa atrás. La Licencia revocada continuará siendo plenamente vigente y efectiva si no se le da término en las condiciones indicadas anteriormente.

8. Varios.

a.	Cada vez que Usted distribuya o ponga a disposición pública la Obra o una Obra Colectiva, el Licenciante ofrecerá al destinatario una licencia en los mismos términos y condiciones que la licencia otorgada a Usted bajo esta Licencia.

b.	Si alguna disposición de esta Licencia resulta invalidada o no exigible, según la legislación vigente, esto no afectará ni la validez ni la aplicabilidad del resto de condiciones de esta Licencia y, sin acción adicional por parte de los sujetos de este acuerdo, aquélla se entenderá reformada lo mínimo necesario para hacer que dicha disposición sea válida y exigible.

c.	Ningún término o disposición de esta Licencia se estimará renunciada y ninguna violación de ella será consentida a menos que esa renuncia o consentimiento sea otorgado por escrito y firmado por la parte que renuncie o consienta.

d.	Esta Licencia refleja el acuerdo pleno entre las partes respecto a la Obra aquí licenciada. No hay arreglos, acuerdos o declaraciones respecto a la Obra que no estén especificados en este documento. El Licenciante no se verá limitado por ninguna disposición adicional que pueda surgir en alguna comunicación emanada de Usted. Esta Licencia no puede ser modificada sin el consentimiento mutuo por escrito del Licenciante y Usted.
 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