Knowledge on Colombian insects and arachnids: a bibliometric approach

Despite Arthropoda being a major animal taxon, it is underrepresented in South American scientific publications. Here, we present the results of a bibliometric analysis of published studies on insects and arachnids in Colombia to understand the general patterns of knowledge of both taxa across this...

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Autores:
Palacino Rodríguez, Fredy
Altamiranda Saavedra, Mariano Augusto
Beltrán, Nini Johanna
Palacino Penagos, Diego Andrés
Penagos Arévalo, Andrea Carolina
Hueso Olaya, Dayana
Morales Castaño, Irina Tatiana
Ríos, Kelly Johana
Camacho Contreras, Paola Andrea
Lozano Barreto, María Alejandra
Penagos Arévalo, Javier Alexander
Arbeláez Cortés, Enrique
Tipo de recurso:
Article of investigation
Fecha de publicación:
2022
Institución:
Tecnológico de Antioquia
Repositorio:
Repositorio Tdea
Idioma:
eng
OAI Identifier:
oai:dspace.tdea.edu.co:tdea/3017
Acceso en línea:
https://dspace.tdea.edu.co/handle/tdea/3017
Palabra clave:
Biodiversidade
Insectos
Insecta
Insetos
Insectes
Arácnidos
Arachnida
Aracnídeos
Neotropics
Neotrópico
Biodiversity
Biodiversidad
Biodiversité
Rights
closedAccess
License
http://purl.org/coar/access_right/c_14cb
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dc.title.none.fl_str_mv Knowledge on Colombian insects and arachnids: a bibliometric approach
title Knowledge on Colombian insects and arachnids: a bibliometric approach
spellingShingle Knowledge on Colombian insects and arachnids: a bibliometric approach
Biodiversidade
Insectos
Insecta
Insetos
Insectes
Arácnidos
Arachnida
Aracnídeos
Neotropics
Neotrópico
Biodiversity
Biodiversidad
Biodiversité
title_short Knowledge on Colombian insects and arachnids: a bibliometric approach
title_full Knowledge on Colombian insects and arachnids: a bibliometric approach
title_fullStr Knowledge on Colombian insects and arachnids: a bibliometric approach
title_full_unstemmed Knowledge on Colombian insects and arachnids: a bibliometric approach
title_sort Knowledge on Colombian insects and arachnids: a bibliometric approach
dc.creator.fl_str_mv Palacino Rodríguez, Fredy
Altamiranda Saavedra, Mariano Augusto
Beltrán, Nini Johanna
Palacino Penagos, Diego Andrés
Penagos Arévalo, Andrea Carolina
Hueso Olaya, Dayana
Morales Castaño, Irina Tatiana
Ríos, Kelly Johana
Camacho Contreras, Paola Andrea
Lozano Barreto, María Alejandra
Penagos Arévalo, Javier Alexander
Arbeláez Cortés, Enrique
dc.contributor.author.none.fl_str_mv Palacino Rodríguez, Fredy
Altamiranda Saavedra, Mariano Augusto
Beltrán, Nini Johanna
Palacino Penagos, Diego Andrés
Penagos Arévalo, Andrea Carolina
Hueso Olaya, Dayana
Morales Castaño, Irina Tatiana
Ríos, Kelly Johana
Camacho Contreras, Paola Andrea
Lozano Barreto, María Alejandra
Penagos Arévalo, Javier Alexander
Arbeláez Cortés, Enrique
dc.subject.decs.none.fl_str_mv Biodiversidade
Insectos
Insecta
Insetos
Insectes
Arácnidos
Arachnida
Aracnídeos
topic Biodiversidade
Insectos
Insecta
Insetos
Insectes
Arácnidos
Arachnida
Aracnídeos
Neotropics
Neotrópico
Biodiversity
Biodiversidad
Biodiversité
dc.subject.proposal.none.fl_str_mv Neotropics
Neotrópico
dc.subject.unesco.none.fl_str_mv Biodiversity
Biodiversidad
Biodiversité
description Despite Arthropoda being a major animal taxon, it is underrepresented in South American scientific publications. Here, we present the results of a bibliometric analysis of published studies on insects and arachnids in Colombia to understand the general patterns of knowledge of both taxa across this megadiverse country. We compiled 3119 studies on insects and 353 on arachnids published between 1918 and 2019 in more than 600 journals. Research on both insects and arachnids reflects the effort done by researchers working in Colombian institutions, but because publications are mainly domestic, their international impact is limited. The studies included 19 taxonomic orders of insects and 72 families of arachnids with a bias toward a few well-studied taxa like Diptera, Lepidoptera, Hymenoptera, Araneidae, and Salticidae, while the majority of taxa are understudied. The geographic coverage of the studies was broad and includes Colombia’s 32 departments, but their distribution was heterogeneous being the Andean region the most studied, while the Caribbean and Orinoquia regions could be considered knowledge gaps. Considering our analysis, we give recommendations to expand and advance the knowledge of Colombian insects and arachnids, a major scientific enterprise in which collaboration among researchers from different institutions is needed. KEYWORDS: BiodiversityNeotropicsInsectaArachnida
publishDate 2022
dc.date.issued.none.fl_str_mv 2022
dc.date.accessioned.none.fl_str_mv 2023-05-24T19:21:47Z
dc.date.available.none.fl_str_mv 2023-05-24T19:21:47Z
dc.type.spa.fl_str_mv Artículo de revista
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dc.language.iso.spa.fl_str_mv eng
language eng
dc.relation.ispartofjournal.spa.fl_str_mv Studies on Neotropical Fauna and Environment
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spelling Palacino Rodríguez, Fredy5e840379-9296-43e0-91c7-2300aab44bf1Altamiranda Saavedra, Mariano Augusto24e8d03f-69f2-4f3b-9982-7a16d1d76798Beltrán, Nini Johannaae661830-5a6a-40f2-a593-9b2608005dfePalacino Penagos, Diego Andrés40ba51c6-afd7-4739-9e9c-bf6355863f18Penagos Arévalo, Andrea Carolinaa716d846-5acc-4865-a7af-17c7832f086eHueso Olaya, Dayana7bf281a0-aff8-441c-825f-de5a1f6f5863Morales Castaño, Irina Tatiana8779a790-34a1-4f53-bd8e-7a6138568d47Ríos, Kelly Johana0f320228-8256-428c-ab7f-5d6d64a161f8Camacho Contreras, Paola Andrea379b80d1-05d4-42a8-930f-dea1b583e722Lozano Barreto, María Alejandra98febb18-827c-4dd3-ac2e-7af2491ba90aPenagos Arévalo, Javier Alexandere42caa10-14ed-4938-942d-1ef1fc87e244Arbeláez Cortés, Enriquedb1abea4-b540-4f3e-a350-2ca7ee42388b2023-05-24T19:21:47Z2023-05-24T19:21:47Z20220165-0521https://dspace.tdea.edu.co/handle/tdea/30171744-5140Despite Arthropoda being a major animal taxon, it is underrepresented in South American scientific publications. Here, we present the results of a bibliometric analysis of published studies on insects and arachnids in Colombia to understand the general patterns of knowledge of both taxa across this megadiverse country. We compiled 3119 studies on insects and 353 on arachnids published between 1918 and 2019 in more than 600 journals. Research on both insects and arachnids reflects the effort done by researchers working in Colombian institutions, but because publications are mainly domestic, their international impact is limited. The studies included 19 taxonomic orders of insects and 72 families of arachnids with a bias toward a few well-studied taxa like Diptera, Lepidoptera, Hymenoptera, Araneidae, and Salticidae, while the majority of taxa are understudied. The geographic coverage of the studies was broad and includes Colombia’s 32 departments, but their distribution was heterogeneous being the Andean region the most studied, while the Caribbean and Orinoquia regions could be considered knowledge gaps. Considering our analysis, we give recommendations to expand and advance the knowledge of Colombian insects and arachnids, a major scientific enterprise in which collaboration among researchers from different institutions is needed. KEYWORDS: BiodiversityNeotropicsInsectaArachnida13 páginasimage/jpegengTaylor and Francis GroupPaíses Bajoshttps://www.tandfonline.com/doi/abs/10.1080/01650521.2022.2035119?journalCode=nnfe20Knowledge on Colombian insects and arachnids: a bibliometric approachArtículo de revistahttp://purl.org/coar/resource_type/c_2df8fbb1Textinfo:eu-repo/semantics/articlehttp://purl.org/redcol/resource_type/ARTinfo:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersionhttp://purl.org/coar/version/c_970fb48d4fbd8a85ColombiaStudies on Neotropical Fauna and EnvironmentAldana-Domínguez J, Montes C, Martínez M, Medina N, Hahn J, Duque M. 2017. Biodiversity and ecosystem services knowledge in the Colombian Caribbean: progress and challenges. Trop. Conserv. Sci. 10:1–41. [Crossref], [Web of Science ®], [Google Scholar]Amat-García G, E A-G, and Andrade-CM R-MJV, Eds. 2007. Libro rojo de los invertebrados terrestres de Colombia. Bogotá (Colombia): Conservación Internacional Colombia. [Google Scholar]Arbeláez-Cortés E. 2013a. 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 incorporada en las Obras Colectivas.

b.	Distribuir copias o fonogramas de las Obras, exhibirlas públicamente, ejecutarlas públicamente y/o ponerlas a disposición pública, incluyéndolas como incorporadas en Obras Colectivas, según corresponda.

c.	Distribuir copias de las Obras Derivadas que se generen, exhibirlas públicamente, ejecutarlas públicamente y/o ponerlas a disposición pública.
Los derechos mencionados anteriormente pueden ser ejercidos en todos los medios y formatos, actualmente conocidos o que se inventen en el futuro. Los derechos antes mencionados incluyen el derecho a realizar dichas modificaciones en la medida que sean técnicamente necesarias para ejercer los derechos en otro medio o formatos, pero de otra manera usted no está autorizado para realizar obras derivadas. Todos los derechos no otorgados expresamente por el Licenciante quedan por este medio reservados, incluyendo pero sin limitarse a aquellos que se mencionan en las secciones 4(d) y 4(e).

4. Restricciones.
La licencia otorgada en la anterior Sección 3 está expresamente sujeta y limitada por las siguientes restricciones:

a.	Usted puede distribuir, exhibir públicamente, ejecutar públicamente, o poner a disposición pública la Obra sólo bajo las condiciones de esta Licencia, y Usted debe incluir una copia de esta licencia o del Identificador Universal de Recursos de la misma con cada copia de la Obra que distribuya, exhiba públicamente, ejecute públicamente o ponga a disposición pública. No es posible ofrecer o imponer ninguna condición sobre la Obra que altere o limite las condiciones de esta Licencia o el ejercicio de los derechos de los destinatarios otorgados en este documento. No es posible sublicenciar la Obra. Usted debe mantener intactos todos los avisos que hagan referencia a esta Licencia y a la cláusula de limitación de garantías. Usted no puede distribuir, exhibir públicamente, ejecutar públicamente, o poner a disposición pública la Obra con alguna medida tecnológica que controle el acceso o la utilización de ella de una forma que sea inconsistente con las condiciones de esta Licencia. Lo anterior se aplica a la Obra incorporada a una Obra Colectiva, pero esto no exige que la Obra Colectiva aparte de la obra misma quede sujeta a las condiciones de esta Licencia. Si Usted crea una Obra Colectiva, previo aviso de cualquier Licenciante debe, en la medida de lo posible, eliminar de la Obra Colectiva cualquier referencia a dicho Licenciante o al Autor Original, según lo solicitado por el Licenciante y conforme lo exige la cláusula 4(c).

b.	Usted no puede ejercer ninguno de los derechos que le han sido otorgados en la Sección 3 precedente de modo que estén principalmente destinados o directamente dirigidos a conseguir un provecho comercial o una compensación monetaria privada. El intercambio de la Obra por otras obras protegidas por derechos de autor, ya sea a través de un sistema para compartir archivos digitales (digital file-sharing) o de cualquier otra manera no será considerado como estar destinado principalmente o dirigido directamente a conseguir un provecho comercial o una compensación monetaria privada, siempre que no se realice un pago mediante una compensación monetaria en relación con el intercambio de obras protegidas por el derecho de autor.

c.	Si usted distribuye, exhibe públicamente, ejecuta públicamente o ejecuta públicamente en forma digital la Obra o cualquier Obra Derivada u Obra Colectiva, Usted debe mantener intacta toda la información de derecho de autor de la Obra y proporcionar, de forma razonable según el medio o manera que Usted esté utilizando: (i) el nombre del Autor Original si está provisto (o seudónimo, si fuere aplicable), y/o (ii) el nombre de la parte o las partes que el Autor Original y/o el Licenciante hubieren designado para la atribución (v.g., un instituto patrocinador, editorial, publicación) en la información de los derechos de autor del Licenciante, términos de servicios o de otras formas razonables; el título de la Obra si está provisto; en la medida de lo razonablemente factible y, si está provisto, el Identificador Uniforme de Recursos (Uniform Resource Identifier) que el Licenciante especifica para ser asociado con la Obra, salvo que tal URI no se refiera a la nota sobre los derechos de autor o a la información sobre el licenciamiento de la Obra; y en el caso de una Obra Derivada, atribuir el crédito identificando el uso de la Obra en la Obra Derivada (v.g., "Traducción Francesa de la Obra del Autor Original," o "Guión Cinematográfico basado en la Obra original del Autor Original"). Tal crédito puede ser implementado de cualquier forma razonable; en el caso, sin embargo, de Obras Derivadas u Obras Colectivas, tal crédito aparecerá, como mínimo, donde aparece el crédito de cualquier otro autor comparable y de una manera, al menos, tan destacada como el crédito de otro autor comparable.

d.	Para evitar toda confusión, el Licenciante aclara que, cuando la obra es una composición musical:

i.	Regalías por interpretación y ejecución bajo licencias generales. El Licenciante se reserva el derecho exclusivo de autorizar la ejecución pública o la ejecución pública digital de la obra y de recolectar, sea individualmente o a través de una sociedad de gestión colectiva de derechos de autor y derechos conexos (por ejemplo, SAYCO), las regalías por la ejecución pública o por la ejecución pública digital de la obra (por ejemplo Webcast) licenciada bajo licencias generales, si la interpretación o ejecución de la obra está primordialmente orientada por o dirigida a la obtención de una ventaja comercial o una compensación monetaria privada.

ii.	Regalías por Fonogramas. El Licenciante se reserva el derecho exclusivo de recolectar, individualmente o a través de una sociedad de gestión colectiva de derechos de autor y derechos conexos (por ejemplo, los consagrados por la SAYCO), una agencia de derechos musicales o algún agente designado, las regalías por cualquier fonograma que Usted cree a partir de la obra (“versión cover”) y distribuya, en los términos del régimen de derechos de autor, si la creación o distribución de esa versión cover está primordialmente destinada o dirigida a obtener una ventaja comercial o una compensación monetaria privada.

e.	Gestión de Derechos de Autor sobre Interpretaciones y Ejecuciones Digitales (WebCasting). Para evitar toda confusión, el Licenciante aclara que, cuando la obra sea un fonograma, el Licenciante se reserva el derecho exclusivo de autorizar la ejecución pública digital de la obra (por ejemplo, webcast) y de recolectar, individualmente o a través de una sociedad de gestión colectiva de derechos de autor y derechos conexos (por ejemplo, ACINPRO), las regalías por la ejecución pública digital de la obra (por ejemplo, webcast), sujeta a las disposiciones aplicables del régimen de Derecho de Autor, si esta ejecución pública digital está primordialmente dirigida a obtener una ventaja comercial o una compensación monetaria privada.

5. Representaciones, Garantías y Limitaciones de Responsabilidad.
A MENOS QUE LAS PARTES LO ACORDARAN DE OTRA FORMA POR ESCRITO, EL LICENCIANTE OFRECE LA OBRA (EN EL ESTADO EN EL QUE SE ENCUENTRA) “TAL CUAL”, SIN BRINDAR GARANTÍAS DE CLASE ALGUNA RESPECTO DE LA OBRA, YA SEA EXPRESA, IMPLÍCITA, LEGAL O CUALQUIERA OTRA, INCLUYENDO, SIN LIMITARSE A ELLAS, GARANTÍAS DE TITULARIDAD, COMERCIABILIDAD, ADAPTABILIDAD O ADECUACIÓN A PROPÓSITO DETERMINADO, AUSENCIA DE INFRACCIÓN, DE AUSENCIA DE DEFECTOS LATENTES O DE OTRO TIPO, O LA PRESENCIA O AUSENCIA DE ERRORES, SEAN O NO DESCUBRIBLES (PUEDAN O NO SER ESTOS DESCUBIERTOS). ALGUNAS JURISDICCIONES NO PERMITEN LA EXCLUSIÓN DE GARANTÍAS IMPLÍCITAS, EN CUYO CASO ESTA EXCLUSIÓN PUEDE NO APLICARSE A USTED.

6. Limitación de responsabilidad.
A MENOS QUE LO EXIJA EXPRESAMENTE LA LEY APLICABLE, EL LICENCIANTE NO SERÁ RESPONSABLE ANTE USTED POR DAÑO ALGUNO, SEA POR RESPONSABILIDAD EXTRACONTRACTUAL, PRECONTRACTUAL O CONTRACTUAL, OBJETIVA O SUBJETIVA, SE TRATE DE DAÑOS MORALES O PATRIMONIALES, DIRECTOS O INDIRECTOS, PREVISTOS O IMPREVISTOS PRODUCIDOS POR EL USO DE ESTA LICENCIA O DE LA OBRA, AUN CUANDO EL LICENCIANTE HAYA SIDO ADVERTIDO DE LA POSIBILIDAD DE DICHOS DAÑOS. ALGUNAS LEYES NO PERMITEN LA EXCLUSIÓN DE CIERTA RESPONSABILIDAD, EN CUYO CASO ESTA EXCLUSIÓN PUEDE NO APLICARSE A USTED.

7. Término.

a.	Esta Licencia y los derechos otorgados en virtud de ella terminarán automáticamente si Usted infringe alguna condición establecida en ella. Sin embargo, los individuos o entidades que han recibido Obras Derivadas o Colectivas de Usted de conformidad con esta Licencia, no verán terminadas sus licencias, siempre que estos individuos o entidades sigan cumpliendo íntegramente las condiciones de estas licencias. Las Secciones 1, 2, 5, 6, 7, y 8 subsistirán a cualquier terminación de esta Licencia.

b.	Sujeta a las condiciones y términos anteriores, la licencia otorgada aquí es perpetua (durante el período de vigencia de los derechos de autor de la obra). No obstante lo anterior, el Licenciante se reserva el derecho a publicar y/o estrenar la Obra bajo condiciones de licencia diferentes o a dejar de distribuirla en los términos de esta Licencia en cualquier momento; en el entendido, sin embargo, que esa elección no servirá para revocar esta licencia o que deba ser otorgada , bajo los términos de esta licencia), y esta licencia continuará en pleno vigor y efecto a menos que sea terminada como se expresa atrás. La Licencia revocada continuará siendo plenamente vigente y efectiva si no se le da término en las condiciones indicadas anteriormente.

8. Varios.

a.	Cada vez que Usted distribuya o ponga a disposición pública la Obra o una Obra Colectiva, el Licenciante ofrecerá al destinatario una licencia en los mismos términos y condiciones que la licencia otorgada a Usted bajo esta Licencia.

b.	Si alguna disposición de esta Licencia resulta invalidada o no exigible, según la legislación vigente, esto no afectará ni la validez ni la aplicabilidad del resto de condiciones de esta Licencia y, sin acción adicional por parte de los sujetos de este acuerdo, aquélla se entenderá reformada lo mínimo necesario para hacer que dicha disposición sea válida y exigible.

c.	Ningún término o disposición de esta Licencia se estimará renunciada y ninguna violación de ella será consentida a menos que esa renuncia o consentimiento sea otorgado por escrito y firmado por la parte que renuncie o consienta.

d.	Esta Licencia refleja el acuerdo pleno entre las partes respecto a la Obra aquí licenciada. No hay arreglos, acuerdos o declaraciones respecto a la Obra que no estén especificados en este documento. El Licenciante no se verá limitado por ninguna disposición adicional que pueda surgir en alguna comunicación emanada de Usted. Esta Licencia no puede ser modificada sin el consentimiento mutuo por escrito del Licenciante y Usted.
