Caracterización de la tasa de liberación de calor en los cilindros de un motor de generación a gas natural de 2 MW
Desarrollar modelos matemáticos para los motores de generación de energía más confiables que permitan proponer un uso eficiente de los combustibles y aumentar la eficiencia de conversión energética, se ha convertido en uno de los principales objetivos de los trabajos de investigación en el área. Con...
- Autores:
-
Valencia-Ochoa, Guillermo
Duarte Forero, Jorge
Acevedo Peñaloza, Carlos Humberto
- Tipo de recurso:
- Article of journal
- Fecha de publicación:
- 2020
- Institución:
- UNIVERSIDAD FRANCISCO DE PAULA SANTANDER
- Repositorio:
- Repositorio Digital UFPS
- Idioma:
- spa
- OAI Identifier:
- oai:repositorio.ufps.edu.co:ufps/1688
- Acceso en línea:
- http://repositorio.ufps.edu.co/handle/ufps/1688
https://doi.org/10.15649/2346030X.581
- Palabra clave:
- tasa de liberación de calor
motor de generación
gas natural
cámara de combustión
modelizado de valor medio
Heat release rate
generation engine
natural gas
combustion chamber
average value modeling
- Rights
- openAccess
- License
- © 2018 Universidad de Santander UDES Campus Universitario Lagos del Cacique
| id |
RUFPS2_79e1b7283726098353310e15f1cc62e3 |
|---|---|
| oai_identifier_str |
oai:repositorio.ufps.edu.co:ufps/1688 |
| network_acronym_str |
RUFPS2 |
| network_name_str |
Repositorio Digital UFPS |
| repository_id_str |
|
| dc.title.spa.fl_str_mv |
Caracterización de la tasa de liberación de calor en los cilindros de un motor de generación a gas natural de 2 MW |
| dc.title.eng.fl_str_mv |
Characterization of the heat release rate in the cylinders of a 2MW natural gas generation engine |
| title |
Caracterización de la tasa de liberación de calor en los cilindros de un motor de generación a gas natural de 2 MW |
| spellingShingle |
Caracterización de la tasa de liberación de calor en los cilindros de un motor de generación a gas natural de 2 MW tasa de liberación de calor motor de generación gas natural cámara de combustión modelizado de valor medio Heat release rate generation engine natural gas combustion chamber average value modeling |
| title_short |
Caracterización de la tasa de liberación de calor en los cilindros de un motor de generación a gas natural de 2 MW |
| title_full |
Caracterización de la tasa de liberación de calor en los cilindros de un motor de generación a gas natural de 2 MW |
| title_fullStr |
Caracterización de la tasa de liberación de calor en los cilindros de un motor de generación a gas natural de 2 MW |
| title_full_unstemmed |
Caracterización de la tasa de liberación de calor en los cilindros de un motor de generación a gas natural de 2 MW |
| title_sort |
Caracterización de la tasa de liberación de calor en los cilindros de un motor de generación a gas natural de 2 MW |
| dc.creator.fl_str_mv |
Valencia-Ochoa, Guillermo Duarte Forero, Jorge Acevedo Peñaloza, Carlos Humberto |
| dc.contributor.author.none.fl_str_mv |
Valencia-Ochoa, Guillermo Duarte Forero, Jorge Acevedo Peñaloza, Carlos Humberto |
| dc.subject.proposal.spa.fl_str_mv |
tasa de liberación de calor motor de generación gas natural cámara de combustión modelizado de valor medio |
| topic |
tasa de liberación de calor motor de generación gas natural cámara de combustión modelizado de valor medio Heat release rate generation engine natural gas combustion chamber average value modeling |
| dc.subject.proposal.eng.fl_str_mv |
Heat release rate generation engine natural gas combustion chamber average value modeling |
| description |
Desarrollar modelos matemáticos para los motores de generación de energía más confiables que permitan proponer un uso eficiente de los combustibles y aumentar la eficiencia de conversión energética, se ha convertido en uno de los principales objetivos de los trabajos de investigación en el área. Con el fin de estudiar el fenómeno liberación de calor en los cilindros de un motor a gas natural J612 Jenbacher de 2 MW a partir de variables medias disponibles enregistros operacionales, se ha propuesto un modelo semifísico a partir de balances de masa, energía, ecuaciones constitutivas y regresiones estadísticas. Los resultados muestran que a partir del modelo propuesto del calor rechazado con un coeficiente de determinación de 0.99, el permiten alcanzar un error relativo máximo de 2% en modo isla y del 4% operando en red para la estimación de la temperatura de los gases a las salidas de los cilindros. Así mismo, el modelo permite determinar la fracción de calor perdido en los cilindros en función de la energía aportada por el gas natural. |
| publishDate |
2020 |
| dc.date.issued.none.fl_str_mv |
2020-01-01 |
| dc.date.accessioned.none.fl_str_mv |
2021-12-04T20:22:57Z |
| dc.date.available.none.fl_str_mv |
2021-12-04T20:22:57Z |
| dc.type.spa.fl_str_mv |
Artículo de revista |
| dc.type.coar.fl_str_mv |
http://purl.org/coar/resource_type/c_2df8fbb1 |
| dc.type.coarversion.fl_str_mv |
http://purl.org/coar/version/c_970fb48d4fbd8a85 |
| dc.type.coar.spa.fl_str_mv |
http://purl.org/coar/resource_type/c_6501 |
| dc.type.content.spa.fl_str_mv |
Text |
| dc.type.driver.spa.fl_str_mv |
info:eu-repo/semantics/article |
| dc.type.redcol.spa.fl_str_mv |
http://purl.org/redcol/resource_type/ART |
| dc.type.version.spa.fl_str_mv |
info:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersion |
| format |
http://purl.org/coar/resource_type/c_6501 |
| status_str |
publishedVersion |
| dc.identifier.uri.none.fl_str_mv |
http://repositorio.ufps.edu.co/handle/ufps/1688 |
| dc.identifier.doi.none.fl_str_mv |
https://doi.org/10.15649/2346030X.581 |
| url |
http://repositorio.ufps.edu.co/handle/ufps/1688 https://doi.org/10.15649/2346030X.581 |
| dc.language.iso.spa.fl_str_mv |
spa |
| language |
spa |
| dc.relation.ispartof.none.fl_str_mv |
AiBi Revista de Investigación, Administración e Ingeniería |
| dc.relation.citationedition.spa.fl_str_mv |
Vol.8 No.1.(2020) |
| dc.relation.citationendpage.spa.fl_str_mv |
11 |
| dc.relation.citationissue.spa.fl_str_mv |
1(2020) |
| dc.relation.citationstartpage.spa.fl_str_mv |
5 |
| dc.relation.citationvolume.spa.fl_str_mv |
8 |
| dc.relation.cites.none.fl_str_mv |
Valencia-Ochoa, G., Duarte-Forero, J., & Acevedo-Peñaloza, C. (2020). Caracterización de la tasa de liberación de calor en los cilindros de un motor de generación a gas natural de 2 MW. Aibi Revista De investigación, administración E ingeniería, 8(1), 5-11. https://doi.org/10.15649/2346030X.581 |
| dc.relation.ispartofjournal.spa.fl_str_mv |
AiBi Revista de Investigación, Administración e Ingeniería |
| dc.rights.eng.fl_str_mv |
© 2018 Universidad de Santander UDES Campus Universitario Lagos del Cacique |
| dc.rights.coar.fl_str_mv |
http://purl.org/coar/access_right/c_abf2 |
| dc.rights.accessrights.spa.fl_str_mv |
info:eu-repo/semantics/openAccess |
| dc.rights.creativecommons.spa.fl_str_mv |
Atribución-SinDerivadas 4.0 Internacional (CC BY-ND 4.0) |
| rights_invalid_str_mv |
© 2018 Universidad de Santander UDES Campus Universitario Lagos del Cacique Atribución-SinDerivadas 4.0 Internacional (CC BY-ND 4.0) http://purl.org/coar/access_right/c_abf2 |
| eu_rights_str_mv |
openAccess |
| dc.format.extent.spa.fl_str_mv |
07 páginas |
| dc.format.mimetype.spa.fl_str_mv |
application/pdf |
| dc.publisher.spa.fl_str_mv |
AiBi Revista de Investigación, Administración e Ingeniería |
| dc.publisher.place.spa.fl_str_mv |
Colombia |
| dc.source.spa.fl_str_mv |
https://revistas.udes.edu.co/aibi/article/view/1637 |
| institution |
UNIVERSIDAD FRANCISCO DE PAULA SANTANDER |
| bitstream.url.fl_str_mv |
https://repositorio.ufps.edu.co/bitstream/ufps/1688/1/Caracterizaci%c3%b3n%20de%20la%20tasa%20de%20liberaci%c3%b3n%20de%20calor%20en%20los%20cilindros%20de%20un%20motor%20de%20generaci%c3%b3n%20a%20gas%20natural%20de%202%20MW.pdf https://repositorio.ufps.edu.co/bitstream/ufps/1688/2/license.txt https://repositorio.ufps.edu.co/bitstream/ufps/1688/3/Caracterizaci%c3%b3n%20de%20la%20tasa%20de%20liberaci%c3%b3n%20de%20calor%20en%20los%20cilindros%20de%20un%20motor%20de%20generaci%c3%b3n%20a%20gas%20natural%20de%202%20MW.pdf.txt https://repositorio.ufps.edu.co/bitstream/ufps/1688/4/Caracterizaci%c3%b3n%20de%20la%20tasa%20de%20liberaci%c3%b3n%20de%20calor%20en%20los%20cilindros%20de%20un%20motor%20de%20generaci%c3%b3n%20a%20gas%20natural%20de%202%20MW.pdf.jpg |
| bitstream.checksum.fl_str_mv |
c5e6f442777f3dafa864e9d70f128dd5 2f9959eaf5b71fae44bbf9ec84150c7a 84824e1ffd99a0223193de2eae06cef5 808f65fdb44cae32774ae71aa7a2c3be |
| bitstream.checksumAlgorithm.fl_str_mv |
MD5 MD5 MD5 MD5 |
| repository.name.fl_str_mv |
Repositorio Universidad Francisco de Paula Santander |
| repository.mail.fl_str_mv |
bdigital@metabiblioteca.com |
| _version_ |
1804859737087410176 |
| spelling |
Valencia-Ochoa, Guillermo2605edddce0149d4753d0efb51d74d32Duarte Forero, Jorge48f5c819166f76baf66b83fb1397bd6b600Acevedo Peñaloza, Carlos Humberto1f12a99f8d5bcc67d1eb10c7c07c76a36002021-12-04T20:22:57Z2021-12-04T20:22:57Z2020-01-01http://repositorio.ufps.edu.co/handle/ufps/1688https://doi.org/10.15649/2346030X.581Desarrollar modelos matemáticos para los motores de generación de energía más confiables que permitan proponer un uso eficiente de los combustibles y aumentar la eficiencia de conversión energética, se ha convertido en uno de los principales objetivos de los trabajos de investigación en el área. Con el fin de estudiar el fenómeno liberación de calor en los cilindros de un motor a gas natural J612 Jenbacher de 2 MW a partir de variables medias disponibles enregistros operacionales, se ha propuesto un modelo semifísico a partir de balances de masa, energía, ecuaciones constitutivas y regresiones estadísticas. Los resultados muestran que a partir del modelo propuesto del calor rechazado con un coeficiente de determinación de 0.99, el permiten alcanzar un error relativo máximo de 2% en modo isla y del 4% operando en red para la estimación de la temperatura de los gases a las salidas de los cilindros. Así mismo, el modelo permite determinar la fracción de calor perdido en los cilindros en función de la energía aportada por el gas natural.Thedevelopment of mathematical models for the most reliable power generation engines to propose an efficient use of fuels and increase energy conversion efficiency has become one of the main objectives of research work in the area. In order to study the heatrelease phenomenon in the cylinders of a 2 MW J612 Jenbacher natural gas engine from mean variables available in operational records,a semiphysical model has been proposed from mass balances, energy, constitutive equations and statistical regressions. The results show that from the proposed model of heat rejected with a determination coefficient of 0.99, the allow to reach a maximum relative error of 2% in island mode and 4% operating in network for the estimation of the temperature of the gases at the exit of the cylinders. Likewise, the model allows to determine the fraction of heat lost in the cylinders according to the energy provided by the natural gas.07 páginasapplication/pdfspaAiBi Revista de Investigación, Administración e IngenieríaColombiaAiBi Revista de Investigación, Administración e IngenieríaVol.8 No.1.(2020)111(2020)58Valencia-Ochoa, G., Duarte-Forero, J., & Acevedo-Peñaloza, C. (2020). Caracterización de la tasa de liberación de calor en los cilindros de un motor de generación a gas natural de 2 MW. Aibi Revista De investigación, administración E ingeniería, 8(1), 5-11. https://doi.org/10.15649/2346030X.581AiBi Revista de Investigación, Administración e Ingeniería© 2018 Universidad de Santander UDES Campus Universitario Lagos del Caciqueinfo:eu-repo/semantics/openAccessAtribución-SinDerivadas 4.0 Internacional (CC BY-ND 4.0)http://purl.org/coar/access_right/c_abf2https://revistas.udes.edu.co/aibi/article/view/1637Caracterización de la tasa de liberación de calor en los cilindros de un motor de generación a gas natural de 2 MWCharacterization of the heat release rate in the cylinders of a 2MW natural gas generation engineArtículo de revistahttp://purl.org/coar/resource_type/c_6501http://purl.org/coar/resource_type/c_2df8fbb1Textinfo:eu-repo/semantics/articlehttp://purl.org/redcol/resource_type/ARTinfo:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersionhttp://purl.org/coar/version/c_970fb48d4fbd8a85tasa de liberación de calormotor de generacióngas naturalcámara de combustiónmodelizado de valor medioHeat release rategeneration enginenatural gascombustion chamberaverage value modelingS. Broekaert, J. Demuynck, T. De Cuyper, M. De Paepe, and S. Verhelst, “Heat transfer in premixed spark ignition engines part I : Identi fi cation of the factors in fl uencing heat transfer,” Energy, vol. 116, pp. 380–391, 2016.B. Deng, J. Fu, D. Zhang, J. Yang, R. Feng, and J. Liu, “The heat release analysis of bio-butanol / gasoline blends on a high speed SI (spark ignition) engine,” vol. 60, pp. 230–241, 2013.S. Backlund, P. Thollander, J. Palm, and M. Ottosson, “Extending the energy efficiency gap,” Energy Policy, vol. 51, pp. 392–396, 2012.D. R. Johnson, R. Heltzel, A. C. Nix, N. Clark, and M. Darzi, “Greenhouse gas emissions and fuel e ffi ciency of in-use high horsepower diesel, dual fuel , and natural gas engines for unconventional well development,” Appl. Energy, vol. 206, no. September, pp. 739–750, 2017.S. Jain, S. Kalambe, G. Agnihotri, and A. Mishra, “Distributed generation deployment : State-of-the-art of distribution system planning in sustainable era,” Renew. Sustain. Energy Rev., vol. 77, no. February, pp. 363–385, 2017.T. Ackermann, “Distributed generation : a definition,” vol. 57, pp. 195–204, 2001.A. Amell, D. B. Olsen, and G. J. A. Diaz, “Strategies to improve the performance of a spark ignition engine using fuel blends of biogas with natural gas , propane and hydrogen,” pp. 1–11, 2018.“BP Statical Review of World Energy,” vol. 67, p. 56, 2018.G. Borman and K. Nishiwaki, “Internal-combustion engine heat transfer,” Prog. Energy Combust. Sci., vol. 13, no. 1, pp. 1–46, 1987.G. M. Kosmadakis, E. G. Pariotis, and C. D. Rakopoulos, “Heat transfer and crevice flow in a hydrogen- fueled spark-ignition engine : Effect on the engine performance and NO exhaust emissions,” Int. J. Hydrogen Energy, vol. 38, no. 18, pp. 7477–7489, 2013.C. Hong, N. Jimin, Y. Nianye, and S. Xiuyong, “Study on the Platform of Engine Product Development,” vol. 16, pp. 211–217, 2011.T. Shudo and H. Suzuki, “Applicability of heat transfer equations to hydrogen combustion,” JSAE Rev., vol. 23, no. 3, pp. 303–308, 2002.W. Nußelt, “Der Wärmeübergang in der Verbrennungskraftmaschine. VDI-Forsch.” Heft, 1923.V. K. Elser, “Forschung,” no. I, 1955.T. and F. M. Group and W. J. D. Annand, “Heat transfer in the cylinders of reciprocating internal combustion engines,” Proc. Inst. Mech. Eng., vol. 177, no. 1, pp. 973–996, 1963.G. Woschni, “A universally applicable equation for the instantaneous heat transfer coefficient in the internal combustion engine,” SAE Technical paper, 1967.G. Woschni, “Die Berechnung der Wandverluste und der thermischen Belastung der Bauteile von Dieselmotoren,” MTZ, vol. 31, p. S-491, 1970.J. A. Gatowski, E. N. Balles, K. M. Chun, F. E. Nelson, J. A. Ekchian, and J. B. Heywood, “Heat release analysis of engine pressure data,” SAE Technical paper, 1984.G. F. Hohenberg, “Advanced approaches for heat transfer calculations,” SAE Technical paper, 1979.S. Broekaert, T. De Cuyper, M. De Paepe, and S. Verhelst, “Experimental investigation of the effect of engine settings on the wall heat fl ux during HCCI combustion,” Energy, vol. 116, pp. 1077–1086, 2016.T. De Cuyper, S. Broekaert, K. Chana, M. De Paepe, and S. Verhelst, “Evaluation of empirical heat transfer models using TFG heat flux sensors,” Appl. Therm. Eng., vol. 118, pp. 561–569, 2017.J. Demuynck, M. De Paepe, H. Huisseune, R. Sierens, J. Vancoillie, and S. Verhelst, “On the applicability of empirical heat transfer models for hydrogen combustion engines,” Int. J. Hydrogen Energy, vol. 36, no. 1, pp. 975–984, 2010.T. De Cuyper, J. Demuynck, S. Broekaert, M. De Paepe, and S. Verhelst, “Heat transfer in premixed spark ignition engines part II : Systematic analysis of the heat transfer phenomena,” Energy, vol. 116, pp. 851–860, 2016.H. Hassan, “Unsteady heat transfer in a motored IC engine cylinder,” Proc. Inst. Mech. Eng., vol. 185, no. 1, pp. 1139–1148, 1970.D. J. O. Nijeweme, J. B. W. Kok, C. R. Stone, and L. Wyszynski, “Unsteady in-cylinder heat transfer in a spark ignition engine: experiments and modelling,” Proc. Inst. Mech. Eng. Part D J. Automob. Eng., vol. 215, no. 6, pp. 747–760, 2001.J. Martín, “Aportación al diagnóstico de la combustión en motores Diesel de inyección directa,” Editor. Univ. Politécnica Val. Val. Spain, 2007.O. A. Vergel and F. P. González, Diagnóstico experimental del proceso de combustión en motores Diesel de inyección directa. Universidad Politécnica de Valencia, 1998.M. Lapuerta, O. Armas, and J. J. Herna, “Diagnosis of DI Diesel combustion from in-cylinder pressure signal by estimation of mean thermodynamic properties of the gas,” vol. c, pp. 513–529, 1999.P. Schihl, J. Tasdemir, E. Schwarz, and W. Bryzik, “Development of a zero-dimensional heat release model for application to small bore Diesel engines,” SAE Technical Paper, 2002.C. D. Rakopoulos, “Validation and sensitivity analysis of a two zone Diesel engine model for combustion and emissions prediction,” vol. 45, pp. 1471–1495, 2004.J. Ghojel and D. Honnery, “Heat release model for the combustion of diesel oil emulsions in DI diesel engines,” vol. 25, pp. 2072–2085, 2005.F. Payri, P. Olmeda, J. Martín, and A. García, “A complete 0D thermodynamic predictive model for direct injection diesel engines,” Appl. Energy, vol. 88, no. 12, pp. 4632–4641, 2011.M. Baratta, A. E. Catania, A. Ferrari, R. Finesso, and E. Spessa, “Premixed-diffusive multizone model for combustion diagnostics in conventional and PCCI diesel engines,” J. Eng. Gas Turbines Power, vol. 133, no. 10, p. 102801, 2011.J. Karlsson and J. Fredriksson, “Cylinder-by-cylinder engine models vs mean value engine models for use in powertrain control applications,” SAE Technical Paper, 1999.L. Guzzella and C. Onder, Introduction to modeling and control of internal combustion engine systems. Springer Science & Business Media, 2009.N. Xiros, Robust control of diesel ship propulsion. Springer Science & Business Media, 2012.E. Hendricks and S. C. Sorenson, “Mean Value Modelling of Spark Ignition Engines,” SAE Trans., vol. 99, pp. 1359–1373, 1990.E. Hendricks and S. C. Sorenson, “SI engine controls and mean value engine modelling,” SAE Technical paper, 1991.M. Müller, E. Hendricks, and S. C. Sorenson, “Mean value modelling of turbocharged spark ignition engines,” SAE Technical Paper, 1998.M. Fons, M. Muller, A. Chevalier, C. Vigild, E. Hendricks, and S. C. Sorenson, “Mean value engine modelling of an SI engine with EGR,” SAE technical paper, 1999.S. B. Choi and J. K. Hedrick, “An observer-based controller design method for improving air/fuel characteristics of spark ignition engines,” IEEE Trans. Control Syst. Technol., vol. 6, no. 3, pp. 325–334, 1998.P. Moraal and I. Kolmanovsky, “Turbocharger modeling for automotive control applications,” SAE Technical Paper, 1999.A. Chevalier, M. Müller, and E. Hendricks, “On the validity of mean value engine models during transient operation,” SAE Trans., pp. 1571–1592, 2000.A. Chevalier, C. W. Vigild, and E. Hendricks, “Predicting the port air mass flow of SI engines in air/fuel ratio control applications,” SAE Trans., pp. 183–210, 2000.L. Eriksson, “Modeling and control of turbocharged SI and DI engines,” Oil Gas Sci. Technol. l’IFP, vol. 62, no. 4, pp. 523–538, 2007.X. Jiao and T. Shen, “Lyapunov-design of adaptive air-fuel ratio control for gasoline engines based on mean-value model,” in Control Conference (CCC), 2011 30th Chinese, 2011, pp. 6146–6150.G. Theotokatos, “On the cycle mean value modelling of a large two-stroke marine diesel engine,” Proc. Inst. Mech. Eng. Part M J. Eng. Marit. Environ., vol. 224, no. 3, pp. 193–205, 2010.G. Theotokatos, C. Guan, H. Chen, and I. Lazakis, “Development of an extended mean value engine model for predicting the marine two-stroke engine operation at varying settings,” Energy, vol. 143, pp. 533–545, 2018.K. Nikzadfar and A. H. Shamekhi, “An extended mean value model ( EMVM ) for control-oriented modeling of diesel engines transient performance and emissions,” FUEL, vol. 154, pp. 275–292, 2015.F. Maroteaux and C. Saad, “Combined mean value engine model and crank angle resolved in- cylinder modeling with NOx emissions model for real-time Diesel engine simulations at high engine speed,” Energy, vol. 88, pp. 515–527, 2015.F. Baldi, G. Theotokatos, and K. Andersson, “Development of a combined mean value – zero dimensional model and application for a large marine four-stroke Diesel engine simulation,” Appl. Energy, vol. 154, pp. 402–415, 2015.P. J. M. Schulten and D. Stapersma, “Mean value modelling of the gas exchange of a 4-stroke diesel engine for use in powertrain applications,” SAE Technical Paper, 2003.A. Shamekhi and A. H. Shamekhi, “Expert Systems with Applications A new approach in improvement of mean value models for spark ignition engines using neural networks,” Expert Syst. Appl., vol. 42, no. 12, pp. 5192–5218, 2015.C. Sui, E. Song, D. Stapersma, and Y. Ding, “Mean value modelling of diesel engine combustion based on parameterized finite stage cylinder process,” Ocean Eng., vol. 136, no. 145, pp. 218–232, 2017.B. A. P. Campos, L. T. Lucio, R. Reginatto, F. S. Marques, J. C. C. Zank, and T. J. L. de Franca, “Biogas fueled internal combustion engine Mean Value Model for distributed generation,” in 2018 Simposio Brasileiro de Sistemas Eletricos (SBSE), 2018, pp. 1–6.Z. Han and R. D. Reitz, “A temperature wall function formulation for variable-density turbulent flows with application to engine convective heat transfer modeling,” Int. J. Heat Mass Transf., vol. 40, 1997.A. Jafari and S. K. Hannani, “Effect of fuel and engine operational characteristics on the heat loss from combustion chamber surfaces of SI engines B,” vol. 33, pp. 122–134, 2006.S. Šarić and B. Basara, “A hybrid wall heat transfer model for IC engine simulations,” SAE Int. J. engines, vol. 8, no. 2, pp. 411–418, 2015.S. Šarić, B. Basara, and Z. Žuni, “International Journal of Heat and Fluid Flow Advanced near-wall modeling for engine heat transfer,” vol. 63, pp. 205–211, 2017.O. Armas, “Diagnóstico experimental del proceso de combustión en motores Diesel de inyección directa,” Universidad Politécnica de Valencia, 1998.ORIGINALCaracterización de la tasa de liberación de calor en los cilindros de un motor de generación a gas natural de 2 MW.pdfCaracterización de la tasa de liberación de calor en los cilindros de un motor de generación a gas natural de 2 MW.pdfapplication/pdf906656https://repositorio.ufps.edu.co/bitstream/ufps/1688/1/Caracterizaci%c3%b3n%20de%20la%20tasa%20de%20liberaci%c3%b3n%20de%20calor%20en%20los%20cilindros%20de%20un%20motor%20de%20generaci%c3%b3n%20a%20gas%20natural%20de%202%20MW.pdfc5e6f442777f3dafa864e9d70f128dd5MD51open accessLICENSElicense.txtlicense.txttext/plain; charset=utf-814828https://repositorio.ufps.edu.co/bitstream/ufps/1688/2/license.txt2f9959eaf5b71fae44bbf9ec84150c7aMD52open accessTEXTCaracterización de la tasa de liberación de calor en los cilindros de un motor de generación a gas natural de 2 MW.pdf.txtCaracterización de la tasa de liberación de calor en los cilindros de un motor de generación a gas natural de 2 MW.pdf.txtExtracted texttext/plain39556https://repositorio.ufps.edu.co/bitstream/ufps/1688/3/Caracterizaci%c3%b3n%20de%20la%20tasa%20de%20liberaci%c3%b3n%20de%20calor%20en%20los%20cilindros%20de%20un%20motor%20de%20generaci%c3%b3n%20a%20gas%20natural%20de%202%20MW.pdf.txt84824e1ffd99a0223193de2eae06cef5MD53open accessTHUMBNAILCaracterización de la tasa de liberación de calor en los cilindros de un motor de generación a gas natural de 2 MW.pdf.jpgCaracterización de la tasa de liberación de calor en los cilindros de un motor de generación a gas natural de 2 MW.pdf.jpgGenerated Thumbnailimage/jpeg13490https://repositorio.ufps.edu.co/bitstream/ufps/1688/4/Caracterizaci%c3%b3n%20de%20la%20tasa%20de%20liberaci%c3%b3n%20de%20calor%20en%20los%20cilindros%20de%20un%20motor%20de%20generaci%c3%b3n%20a%20gas%20natural%20de%202%20MW.pdf.jpg808f65fdb44cae32774ae71aa7a2c3beMD54open accessufps/1688oai:repositorio.ufps.edu.co:ufps/16882022-05-23 10:59:05.044open accessRepositorio Universidad Francisco de Paula Santanderbdigital@metabiblioteca.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0000-0001-7345-959048f5c819166f76baf66b83fb1397bd6b6000000-0002-5049-87541f12a99f8d5bcc67d1eb10c7c07c76a3600 |