Alternative for the Treatment of Leachates Generated in a Landfll of Norte de Santander–Colombia, by Means of the Coupling of a Photocatalytic and Biological Aerobic Process
In the present study, the use of heterogeneous photocatalysis TiO2/UV coupled to an activated sludge reactor was evaluated as an alternative treatment for the leachate coming from a Landfll, located in Cucuta (Colombia). TiO2 (Degussa P-25) between 100 and 600 mg.L−1 was used as a catalyst, semi-con...
- Autores:
-
Becerra Moreno, Dorance
SOTO VERJEL, JOSEPH WBEIMAR
Villamizar, Salvador
Machuca-Martinez, Fiderman
Ramírez Ríos, Luisa Fernanda
- Tipo de recurso:
- Article of journal
- Fecha de publicación:
- 2020
- Institución:
- Universidad Francisco de Paula Santander
- Repositorio:
- Repositorio Digital UFPS
- Idioma:
- eng
- OAI Identifier:
- oai:repositorio.ufps.edu.co:ufps/1508
- Acceso en línea:
- http://repositorio.ufps.edu.co/handle/ufps/1508
- Palabra clave:
- Leachates
TiO2
Heterogeneous photocatalysis
Activated sludge
Zahn Wellens Test
- Rights
- openAccess
- License
- Springer Science+Business Media, LLC, part of Springer Nature 2020
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Alternative for the Treatment of Leachates Generated in a Landfll of Norte de Santander–Colombia, by Means of the Coupling of a Photocatalytic and Biological Aerobic Process |
| title |
Alternative for the Treatment of Leachates Generated in a Landfll of Norte de Santander–Colombia, by Means of the Coupling of a Photocatalytic and Biological Aerobic Process |
| spellingShingle |
Alternative for the Treatment of Leachates Generated in a Landfll of Norte de Santander–Colombia, by Means of the Coupling of a Photocatalytic and Biological Aerobic Process Leachates TiO2 Heterogeneous photocatalysis Activated sludge Zahn Wellens Test |
| title_short |
Alternative for the Treatment of Leachates Generated in a Landfll of Norte de Santander–Colombia, by Means of the Coupling of a Photocatalytic and Biological Aerobic Process |
| title_full |
Alternative for the Treatment of Leachates Generated in a Landfll of Norte de Santander–Colombia, by Means of the Coupling of a Photocatalytic and Biological Aerobic Process |
| title_fullStr |
Alternative for the Treatment of Leachates Generated in a Landfll of Norte de Santander–Colombia, by Means of the Coupling of a Photocatalytic and Biological Aerobic Process |
| title_full_unstemmed |
Alternative for the Treatment of Leachates Generated in a Landfll of Norte de Santander–Colombia, by Means of the Coupling of a Photocatalytic and Biological Aerobic Process |
| title_sort |
Alternative for the Treatment of Leachates Generated in a Landfll of Norte de Santander–Colombia, by Means of the Coupling of a Photocatalytic and Biological Aerobic Process |
| dc.creator.fl_str_mv |
Becerra Moreno, Dorance SOTO VERJEL, JOSEPH WBEIMAR Villamizar, Salvador Machuca-Martinez, Fiderman Ramírez Ríos, Luisa Fernanda |
| dc.contributor.author.none.fl_str_mv |
Becerra Moreno, Dorance SOTO VERJEL, JOSEPH WBEIMAR Villamizar, Salvador Machuca-Martinez, Fiderman Ramírez Ríos, Luisa Fernanda |
| dc.subject.proposal.eng.fl_str_mv |
Leachates TiO2 Heterogeneous photocatalysis Activated sludge Zahn Wellens Test |
| topic |
Leachates TiO2 Heterogeneous photocatalysis Activated sludge Zahn Wellens Test |
| description |
In the present study, the use of heterogeneous photocatalysis TiO2/UV coupled to an activated sludge reactor was evaluated as an alternative treatment for the leachate coming from a Landfll, located in Cucuta (Colombia). TiO2 (Degussa P-25) between 100 and 600 mg.L−1 was used as a catalyst, semi-continuous type reactors for the photocatalysis, a batch for the biological stage, UV light with accumulated energies from 20 to 60 kJ.L−1 were also used, a constant concentration of H2O2 was used as an adjuvant in all tests. The research consisted of four main phases: leachate characterization, biological treatment, optimization of photocatalytic and AOP-biological coupling. For the optimization of the photocatalytic step, an experimental design was carried out through the statistical program Statgraphics Centurion XV of factorial type 3^2 (3 levels 2 variables), modeling the results by means of a response surface, the variables of the pH and the concentration of the catalyst were included, having this as input for the response of interest the percentage (%) of DOC removal. The biological process itself provided a removal of 38 and 24% for COD and DOC, respectively. The AOP-biological coupling provided a removal of 68 and 76% in terms of COD and DOC, respectively. Thus, the coupling signifcantly improves the overall efciency of the process by more than 50%, which represents a promising improvement compared to the removal of organic matter for the treatment of the same type of water using only the biological process. The results show a viable alternative for the treatment of leachate because higher removal levels are achieved in residence times, which are considered shorter than the ones in conventional processes. |
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2020 |
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2020-05-28 |
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2021-11-27T23:44:45Z |
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2021-11-27T23:44:45Z |
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Artículo de revista |
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http://purl.org/coar/resource_type/c_2df8fbb1 |
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Topics in Catalysis ISSN: 1572-9028, 2020 vol:63 fasc: N/A págs: 1 - 14, DOI:10.1007/s11244-020-01284-1 |
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Vol. 63, pages1336–1349 (2020) |
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1349 |
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Becerra, D., Soto, J., Villamizar, S. et al. Alternative for the Treatment of Leachates Generated in a Landfill of Norte de Santander–Colombia, by Means of the Coupling of a Photocatalytic and Biological Aerobic Process. Top Catal 63, 1336–1349 (2020). https://doi.org/10.1007/s11244-020-01284-1 |
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Topics in Catalysis |
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Springer Science+Business Media, LLC, part of Springer Nature 2020 |
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14 páginas |
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Becerra Moreno, Dorance81ffadb12b7f7803d974959f5ecd568c600SOTO VERJEL, JOSEPH WBEIMAR44d142e3bd8d3b0cd577d0b6d36b3ee1600Villamizar, Salvador3f0f9aa168bf581bc499eea73055c742600Machuca-Martinez, Fiderman6ea4bab6365eb577b6f4afd1ee2e9f40600Ramírez Ríos, Luisa Fernanda07ea03158c21daea55b10acc6b260ee96002021-11-27T23:44:45Z2021-11-27T23:44:45Z2020-05-28http://repositorio.ufps.edu.co/handle/ufps/150810.1007/s11244-020-01284-1In the present study, the use of heterogeneous photocatalysis TiO2/UV coupled to an activated sludge reactor was evaluated as an alternative treatment for the leachate coming from a Landfll, located in Cucuta (Colombia). TiO2 (Degussa P-25) between 100 and 600 mg.L−1 was used as a catalyst, semi-continuous type reactors for the photocatalysis, a batch for the biological stage, UV light with accumulated energies from 20 to 60 kJ.L−1 were also used, a constant concentration of H2O2 was used as an adjuvant in all tests. The research consisted of four main phases: leachate characterization, biological treatment, optimization of photocatalytic and AOP-biological coupling. For the optimization of the photocatalytic step, an experimental design was carried out through the statistical program Statgraphics Centurion XV of factorial type 3^2 (3 levels 2 variables), modeling the results by means of a response surface, the variables of the pH and the concentration of the catalyst were included, having this as input for the response of interest the percentage (%) of DOC removal. The biological process itself provided a removal of 38 and 24% for COD and DOC, respectively. The AOP-biological coupling provided a removal of 68 and 76% in terms of COD and DOC, respectively. Thus, the coupling signifcantly improves the overall efciency of the process by more than 50%, which represents a promising improvement compared to the removal of organic matter for the treatment of the same type of water using only the biological process. The results show a viable alternative for the treatment of leachate because higher removal levels are achieved in residence times, which are considered shorter than the ones in conventional processes.14 páginasapplication/pdfengTopics in CatalysisLuxemburgoTopics in Catalysis ISSN: 1572-9028, 2020 vol:63 fasc: N/A págs: 1 - 14, DOI:10.1007/s11244-020-01284-1Vol. 63, pages1336–1349 (2020)1349133663Becerra, D., Soto, J., Villamizar, S. et al. Alternative for the Treatment of Leachates Generated in a Landfill of Norte de Santander–Colombia, by Means of the Coupling of a Photocatalytic and Biological Aerobic Process. Top Catal 63, 1336–1349 (2020). https://doi.org/10.1007/s11244-020-01284-1Topics in CatalysisSpringer Science+Business Media, LLC, part of Springer Nature 2020info:eu-repo/semantics/openAccesshttp://purl.org/coar/access_right/c_abf2https://link.springer.com/article/10.1007%2Fs11244-020-01284-1Alternative for the Treatment of Leachates Generated in a Landfll of Norte de Santander–Colombia, by Means of the Coupling of a Photocatalytic and Biological Aerobic ProcessArtículo de revistahttp://purl.org/coar/resource_type/c_6501http://purl.org/coar/resource_type/c_2df8fbb1Textinfo:eu-repo/semantics/articlehttp://purl.org/redcol/resource_type/ARTinfo:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersionhttp://purl.org/coar/version/c_970fb48d4fbd8a85LeachatesTiO2Heterogeneous photocatalysisActivated sludgeZahn Wellens TestPastore C et al (2018) Comparison of different types of landfill leachate treatments by employment of nontarget screening to identify residual refractory organics and principal component analysis. Sci Total Environ 635:984–994. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.scitotenv.2018.04.135Vahabian M, Hassanzadeh Y, Marofi S (2019) Assessment of landfill leachate in semi-arid climate and its impact on the groundwater quality case study: Hamedan, Iran. Environ Monit Assess 191(2):1–19. https://doi.org/10.1007/s10661-019-7215-8Rueda-Marquez JJ, Levchuk I, Fernández Ibañez P, Sillanpää M (2020) A critical review on application of photocatalysis for toxicity reduction of real wastewaters. J. Clean. Prod. 258:120694. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jclepro.2020.120694Chemlal R et al (2014) Combination of advanced oxidation and biological processes for the landfill leachate treatment. Ecol Eng 73:281–289. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ecoleng.2014.09.043He H, Ma H, Liu L (2020) Combined photocatalytic pre-oxidation reactor and sequencing batch bioreactor for advanced treatment of industrial wastewater. J Water Process Eng 36:101259. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jwpe.2020.101259Elleuch L et al (2020) A new insight into highly contaminated landfill leachate treatment using Kefir grains pre-treatment combined with Ag-doped TiO2 photocatalytic process. J Hazard Mater 382:121119. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jhazmat.2019.121119Hassan M, Wang X, Wang F, Wu D, Hussain A, Xie B (2017) Coupling ARB-based biological and photochemical (UV/TiO 2 and UV/S 2 O 8 2− ) techniques to deal with sanitary landfill leachate. Waste Manag 63:292–298. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.wasman.2016.09.003Padovan RN, Azevedo EB (2015) Combining A Sequencing Batch Reactor With Heterogeneous Photocatalysis (TiO2/UV) For Treating A Pencil Manufacturer’s Wastewater. Brazilian J Chem Eng 32(1):99–106. https://doi.org/10.1590/0104-6632.20150321s00003103Silva LS, Gonçalves MMM, Raddi de Araujo LR (2019) Combined photocatalytic and biological process for textile wastewater treatments. 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Today Proc. 17:235–238. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.matpr.2019.06.424ORIGINALAlternative for the Treatment of Leachates Generated in a Landfill of Norte de Santander Colombia, by Means of the Coupling of a Photocatalytic and Biological Aerobic Process.pdfAlternative for the Treatment of Leachates Generated in a Landfill of Norte de Santander Colombia, by Means of the Coupling of a Photocatalytic and Biological Aerobic Process.pdfapplication/pdf1127619https://repositorio.ufps.edu.co/bitstream/ufps/1508/1/Alternative%20for%20the%20Treatment%20of%20Leachates%20Generated%20in%20a%20Landfill%20of%20Norte%20de%20Santander%20Colombia%2c%20by%20Means%20of%20the%20Coupling%20of%20a%20Photocatalytic%20and%20Biological%20Aerobic%20Process.pdf729a0fee1298fa803a79a51609a28bf0MD51metadata only accessLICENSElicense.txtlicense.txttext/plain; charset=utf-814828https://repositorio.ufps.edu.co/bitstream/ufps/1508/2/license.txt2f9959eaf5b71fae44bbf9ec84150c7aMD52open accessTEXTAlternative for the Treatment 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 incorporada en las Obras Colectivas.

b.	Distribuir copias o fonogramas de las Obras, exhibirlas públicamente, ejecutarlas públicamente y/o ponerlas a disposición pública, incluyéndolas como incorporadas en Obras Colectivas, según corresponda.

c.	Distribuir copias de las Obras Derivadas que se generen, exhibirlas públicamente, ejecutarlas públicamente y/o ponerlas a disposición pública.
Los derechos mencionados anteriormente pueden ser ejercidos en todos los medios y formatos, actualmente conocidos o que se inventen en el futuro. Los derechos antes mencionados incluyen el derecho a realizar dichas modificaciones en la medida que sean técnicamente necesarias para ejercer los derechos en otro medio o formatos, pero de otra manera usted no está autorizado para realizar obras derivadas. Todos los derechos no otorgados expresamente por el Licenciante quedan por este medio reservados, incluyendo pero sin limitarse a aquellos que se mencionan en las secciones 4(d) y 4(e).

4. Restricciones.
La licencia otorgada en la anterior Sección 3 está expresamente sujeta y limitada por las siguientes restricciones:

a.	Usted puede distribuir, exhibir públicamente, ejecutar públicamente, o poner a disposición pública la Obra sólo bajo las condiciones de esta Licencia, y Usted debe incluir una copia de esta licencia o del Identificador Universal de Recursos de la misma con cada copia de la Obra que distribuya, exhiba públicamente, ejecute públicamente o ponga a disposición pública. No es posible ofrecer o imponer ninguna condición sobre la Obra que altere o limite las condiciones de esta Licencia o el ejercicio de los derechos de los destinatarios otorgados en este documento. No es posible sublicenciar la Obra. Usted debe mantener intactos todos los avisos que hagan referencia a esta Licencia y a la cláusula de limitación de garantías. Usted no puede distribuir, exhibir públicamente, ejecutar públicamente, o poner a disposición pública la Obra con alguna medida tecnológica que controle el acceso o la utilización de ella de una forma que sea inconsistente con las condiciones de esta Licencia. Lo anterior se aplica a la Obra incorporada a una Obra Colectiva, pero esto no exige que la Obra Colectiva aparte de la obra misma quede sujeta a las condiciones de esta Licencia. Si Usted crea una Obra Colectiva, previo aviso de cualquier Licenciante debe, en la medida de lo posible, eliminar de la Obra Colectiva cualquier referencia a dicho Licenciante o al Autor Original, según lo solicitado por el Licenciante y conforme lo exige la cláusula 4(c).

b.	Usted no puede ejercer ninguno de los derechos que le han sido otorgados en la Sección 3 precedente de modo que estén principalmente destinados o directamente dirigidos a conseguir un provecho comercial o una compensación monetaria privada. El intercambio de la Obra por otras obras protegidas por derechos de autor, ya sea a través de un sistema para compartir archivos digitales (digital file-sharing) o de cualquier otra manera no será considerado como estar destinado principalmente o dirigido directamente a conseguir un provecho comercial o una compensación monetaria privada, siempre que no se realice un pago mediante una compensación monetaria en relación con el intercambio de obras protegidas por el derecho de autor.

c.	Si usted distribuye, exhibe públicamente, ejecuta públicamente o ejecuta públicamente en forma digital la Obra o cualquier Obra Derivada u Obra Colectiva, Usted debe mantener intacta toda la información de derecho de autor de la Obra y proporcionar, de forma razonable según el medio o manera que Usted esté utilizando: (i) el nombre del Autor Original si está provisto (o seudónimo, si fuere aplicable), y/o (ii) el nombre de la parte o las partes que el Autor Original y/o el Licenciante hubieren designado para la atribución (v.g., un instituto patrocinador, editorial, publicación) en la información de los derechos de autor del Licenciante, términos de servicios o de otras formas razonables; el título de la Obra si está provisto; en la medida de lo razonablemente factible y, si está provisto, el Identificador Uniforme de Recursos (Uniform Resource Identifier) que el Licenciante especifica para ser asociado con la Obra, salvo que tal URI no se refiera a la nota sobre los derechos de autor o a la información sobre el licenciamiento de la Obra; y en el caso de una Obra Derivada, atribuir el crédito identificando el uso de la Obra en la Obra Derivada (v.g., "Traducción Francesa de la Obra del Autor Original," o "Guión Cinematográfico basado en la Obra original del Autor Original"). Tal crédito puede ser implementado de cualquier forma razonable; en el caso, sin embargo, de Obras Derivadas u Obras Colectivas, tal crédito aparecerá, como mínimo, donde aparece el crédito de cualquier otro autor comparable y de una manera, al menos, tan destacada como el crédito de otro autor comparable.

d.	Para evitar toda confusión, el Licenciante aclara que, cuando la obra es una composición musical:

i.	Regalías por interpretación y ejecución bajo licencias generales. El Licenciante se reserva el derecho exclusivo de autorizar la ejecución pública o la ejecución pública digital de la obra y de recolectar, sea individualmente o a través de una sociedad de gestión colectiva de derechos de autor y derechos conexos (por ejemplo, SAYCO), las regalías por la ejecución pública o por la ejecución pública digital de la obra (por ejemplo Webcast) licenciada bajo licencias generales, si la interpretación o ejecución de la obra está primordialmente orientada por o dirigida a la obtención de una ventaja comercial o una compensación monetaria privada.

ii.	Regalías por Fonogramas. El Licenciante se reserva el derecho exclusivo de recolectar, individualmente o a través de una sociedad de gestión colectiva de derechos de autor y derechos conexos (por ejemplo, los consagrados por la SAYCO), una agencia de derechos musicales o algún agente designado, las regalías por cualquier fonograma que Usted cree a partir de la obra (“versión cover”) y distribuya, en los términos del régimen de derechos de autor, si la creación o distribución de esa versión cover está primordialmente destinada o dirigida a obtener una ventaja comercial o una compensación monetaria privada.

e.	Gestión de Derechos de Autor sobre Interpretaciones y Ejecuciones Digitales (WebCasting). Para evitar toda confusión, el Licenciante aclara que, cuando la obra sea un fonograma, el Licenciante se reserva el derecho exclusivo de autorizar la ejecución pública digital de la obra (por ejemplo, webcast) y de recolectar, individualmente o a través de una sociedad de gestión colectiva de derechos de autor y derechos conexos (por ejemplo, ACINPRO), las regalías por la ejecución pública digital de la obra (por ejemplo, webcast), sujeta a las disposiciones aplicables del régimen de Derecho de Autor, si esta ejecución pública digital está primordialmente dirigida a obtener una ventaja comercial o una compensación monetaria privada.

5. Representaciones, Garantías y Limitaciones de Responsabilidad.
A MENOS QUE LAS PARTES LO ACORDARAN DE OTRA FORMA POR ESCRITO, EL LICENCIANTE OFRECE LA OBRA (EN EL ESTADO EN EL QUE SE ENCUENTRA) “TAL CUAL”, SIN BRINDAR GARANTÍAS DE CLASE ALGUNA RESPECTO DE LA OBRA, YA SEA EXPRESA, IMPLÍCITA, LEGAL O CUALQUIERA OTRA, INCLUYENDO, SIN LIMITARSE A ELLAS, GARANTÍAS DE TITULARIDAD, COMERCIABILIDAD, ADAPTABILIDAD O ADECUACIÓN A PROPÓSITO DETERMINADO, AUSENCIA DE INFRACCIÓN, DE AUSENCIA DE DEFECTOS LATENTES O DE OTRO TIPO, O LA PRESENCIA O AUSENCIA DE ERRORES, SEAN O NO DESCUBRIBLES (PUEDAN O NO SER ESTOS DESCUBIERTOS). ALGUNAS JURISDICCIONES NO PERMITEN LA EXCLUSIÓN DE GARANTÍAS IMPLÍCITAS, EN CUYO CASO ESTA EXCLUSIÓN PUEDE NO APLICARSE A USTED.

6. Limitación de responsabilidad.
A MENOS QUE LO EXIJA EXPRESAMENTE LA LEY APLICABLE, EL LICENCIANTE NO SERÁ RESPONSABLE ANTE USTED POR DAÑO ALGUNO, SEA POR RESPONSABILIDAD EXTRACONTRACTUAL, PRECONTRACTUAL O CONTRACTUAL, OBJETIVA O SUBJETIVA, SE TRATE DE DAÑOS MORALES O PATRIMONIALES, DIRECTOS O INDIRECTOS, PREVISTOS O IMPREVISTOS PRODUCIDOS POR EL USO DE ESTA LICENCIA O DE LA OBRA, AUN CUANDO EL LICENCIANTE HAYA SIDO ADVERTIDO DE LA POSIBILIDAD DE DICHOS DAÑOS. ALGUNAS LEYES NO PERMITEN LA EXCLUSIÓN DE CIERTA RESPONSABILIDAD, EN CUYO CASO ESTA EXCLUSIÓN PUEDE NO APLICARSE A USTED.

7. Término.

a.	Esta Licencia y los derechos otorgados en virtud de ella terminarán automáticamente si Usted infringe alguna condición establecida en ella. Sin embargo, los individuos o entidades que han recibido Obras Derivadas o Colectivas de Usted de conformidad con esta Licencia, no verán terminadas sus licencias, siempre que estos individuos o entidades sigan cumpliendo íntegramente las condiciones de estas licencias. Las Secciones 1, 2, 5, 6, 7, y 8 subsistirán a cualquier terminación de esta Licencia.

b.	Sujeta a las condiciones y términos anteriores, la licencia otorgada aquí es perpetua (durante el período de vigencia de los derechos de autor de la obra). No obstante lo anterior, el Licenciante se reserva el derecho a publicar y/o estrenar la Obra bajo condiciones de licencia diferentes o a dejar de distribuirla en los términos de esta Licencia en cualquier momento; en el entendido, sin embargo, que esa elección no servirá para revocar esta licencia o que deba ser otorgada , bajo los términos de esta licencia), y esta licencia continuará en pleno vigor y efecto a menos que sea terminada como se expresa atrás. La Licencia revocada continuará siendo plenamente vigente y efectiva si no se le da término en las condiciones indicadas anteriormente.

8. Varios.

a.	Cada vez que Usted distribuya o ponga a disposición pública la Obra o una Obra Colectiva, el Licenciante ofrecerá al destinatario una licencia en los mismos términos y condiciones que la licencia otorgada a Usted bajo esta Licencia.

b.	Si alguna disposición de esta Licencia resulta invalidada o no exigible, según la legislación vigente, esto no afectará ni la validez ni la aplicabilidad del resto de condiciones de esta Licencia y, sin acción adicional por parte de los sujetos de este acuerdo, aquélla se entenderá reformada lo mínimo necesario para hacer que dicha disposición sea válida y exigible.

c.	Ningún término o disposición de esta Licencia se estimará renunciada y ninguna violación de ella será consentida a menos que esa renuncia o consentimiento sea otorgado por escrito y firmado por la parte que renuncie o consienta.

d.	Esta Licencia refleja el acuerdo pleno entre las partes respecto a la Obra aquí licenciada. No hay arreglos, acuerdos o declaraciones respecto a la Obra que no estén especificados en este documento. El Licenciante no se verá limitado por ninguna disposición adicional que pueda surgir en alguna comunicación emanada de Usted. Esta Licencia no puede ser modificada sin el consentimiento mutuo por escrito del Licenciante y Usted.
0000-0001-8556-991481ffadb12b7f7803d974959f5ecd568c6000000-0003-3162-933044d142e3bd8d3b0cd577d0b6d36b3ee16000000-0002-6485-24943f0f9aa168bf581bc499eea73055c7426000000-0002-0973-384707ea03158c2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