Eficacia de Pediluvios Como Tratamiento Curativo de la Pododermatitis en Ovinos en el Predio Villa Margaret, Valledupar, Colombia.
Digital
- Autores:
-
Carrillo-Llanes, Livan Haiko
Bayona-Pérez, Yesica Fernanda
- Tipo de recurso:
- Trabajo de grado de pregrado
- Fecha de publicación:
- 2023
- Institución:
- Universidad de Santander
- Repositorio:
- Repositorio Universidad de Santander
- Idioma:
- spa
- OAI Identifier:
- oai:repositorio.udes.edu.co:001/10015
- Palabra clave:
- Formaldehido
Sulfato de Zinc
Pudrición de las pezuñas
Rumiantes
Formaldehyde
Zinc Sulfate
Footrot
Ruminants
- Rights
- embargoedAccess
- License
- http://purl.org/coar/access_right/c_f1cf
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Eficacia de Pediluvios Como Tratamiento Curativo de la Pododermatitis en Ovinos en el Predio Villa Margaret, Valledupar, Colombia. |
| dc.title.translated.none.fl_str_mv |
Efficacy of Footbaths as a Curative Treatment of Pododermatitis in Sheep at the Villa Margaret Farm, Valledupar, Colombia. |
| title |
Eficacia de Pediluvios Como Tratamiento Curativo de la Pododermatitis en Ovinos en el Predio Villa Margaret, Valledupar, Colombia. |
| spellingShingle |
Eficacia de Pediluvios Como Tratamiento Curativo de la Pododermatitis en Ovinos en el Predio Villa Margaret, Valledupar, Colombia. Formaldehido Sulfato de Zinc Pudrición de las pezuñas Rumiantes Formaldehyde Zinc Sulfate Footrot Ruminants |
| title_short |
Eficacia de Pediluvios Como Tratamiento Curativo de la Pododermatitis en Ovinos en el Predio Villa Margaret, Valledupar, Colombia. |
| title_full |
Eficacia de Pediluvios Como Tratamiento Curativo de la Pododermatitis en Ovinos en el Predio Villa Margaret, Valledupar, Colombia. |
| title_fullStr |
Eficacia de Pediluvios Como Tratamiento Curativo de la Pododermatitis en Ovinos en el Predio Villa Margaret, Valledupar, Colombia. |
| title_full_unstemmed |
Eficacia de Pediluvios Como Tratamiento Curativo de la Pododermatitis en Ovinos en el Predio Villa Margaret, Valledupar, Colombia. |
| title_sort |
Eficacia de Pediluvios Como Tratamiento Curativo de la Pododermatitis en Ovinos en el Predio Villa Margaret, Valledupar, Colombia. |
| dc.creator.fl_str_mv |
Carrillo-Llanes, Livan Haiko Bayona-Pérez, Yesica Fernanda |
| dc.contributor.advisor.none.fl_str_mv |
Cañate-González, Abid Silvestre Portillo-Paba, Jenny Alexandra |
| dc.contributor.author.none.fl_str_mv |
Carrillo-Llanes, Livan Haiko Bayona-Pérez, Yesica Fernanda |
| dc.contributor.jury.none.fl_str_mv |
Castillo-Navarro, Jesús Emilio Rueda-Suarez, Mastranyero |
| dc.subject.proposal.spa.fl_str_mv |
Formaldehido Sulfato de Zinc Pudrición de las pezuñas Rumiantes |
| topic |
Formaldehido Sulfato de Zinc Pudrición de las pezuñas Rumiantes Formaldehyde Zinc Sulfate Footrot Ruminants |
| dc.subject.proposal.eng.fl_str_mv |
Formaldehyde Zinc Sulfate Footrot Ruminants |
| description |
Digital |
| publishDate |
2023 |
| dc.date.issued.none.fl_str_mv |
2023-07-13 |
| dc.date.accessioned.none.fl_str_mv |
2024-02-27T14:53:35Z |
| dc.date.available.none.fl_str_mv |
2024-08-10 2024-02-27T14:53:35Z |
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Trabajo de grado - Pregrado |
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Abbott, K. A., & Lewis, C. J. (2005). Current approaches to the management of ovine footrot. The Veterinary Journal, 169(1), 28–41. https://doi.org/10.1016/J.TVJL.2004.05.008 Allworth, M., & Egerton, J. (2018). Comparison of footbathing and vaccination to control ovine footrot in an experimentally infected flock. Australian Veterinary Journal, 96(10), 395–399. https://doi.org/10.1111/avj.12715 Australian Woold Innovation. (2022). Footrot: A guide to indentification and control in the field (No. 1). https://sheepconnect.s3.amazonaws.com/media/resources_files/1/1182873674c1/GD2008_NSW_2022_SC_A5_booklet_Footrot_3_HR.pdf Bhatt, A., & Abbassi, B. (2021). Review of environmental performance of sheep farming using life cycle assessment. Journal of Cleaner Production, 293, 126192. https://doi.org/10.1016/J.JCLEPRO.2021.126192 Bohan, A., Shalloo, L., Creighton, P., Earle, E., Boland, T. M., & McHugh, N. (2018). Investigating the role of stocking rate and prolificacy potential on profitability of grass based sheep production systems. Livestock Science, 210, 118–124. https://doi.org/10.1016/J.LIVSCI.2018.02.009 Cannas, A., Tedeschi, L. O., Atzori, A. S., & Lunesu, M. F. (2019). How can nutrition models increase the production efficiency of sheep and goat operations? Animal Frontiers, 9(2), 33–44. https://doi.org/10.1093/AF/VFZ005 Ch Härdi, M., Stoffel, A. C., Dürr, S., & Steiner, A. (2019). Originalarbeiten | Original contributions Klauenbad zur Bekämpfung der Moderhinke bei Schafen. Eine Bestandes aufnahme bei Schweizer Schafhaltern. Band, 6, 377–386. https://doi.org/10.17236/sat00210 Clifton, R., Giebel, K., Liu, N. L. B. H., Purdy, K. J., & Green, L. E. (2019). Sites of persistence of Fusobacterium necrophorum and Dichelobacter nodosus: a paradigm shift in understanding the epidemiology of footrot in sheep. Scientific Reports, 9, 1–11. https://doi.org/10.1038/s41598-019-50822-9 Clifton, R., & Green, L. (2016). Pathogenesis of ovine footrot disease: A complex picture. Veterinary Record, 179(9), 225–227. https://doi.org/10.1136/VR.I4554 Department of Primary Industries. (2021). Footrot Manual (No. 1). www.dpi.nsw.gov.au Ferreira, J. B., Sotomaior, C. S., Bezerra, A. C. D. S., da Silva, W. E., Leite, J. H. G. M., de Sousa, J. E. R., de Fátima França Biz, J., & Façanha, D. A. E. (2019). Sensitivity and specificity of the FAMACHA© system in tropical hair sheep. Tropical Animal Health and Production, 51(6), 1767–1771. https://doi.org/10.1007/S11250-019-01861-X/METRICS Fick, S. E., & Hijmans, R. J. (2017). WorldClim 2: new 1-km spatial resolution climate surfaces for global land areas. International Journal of Climatology, 37(12), 4302–4315. https://doi.org/10.1002/JOC.5086 Gelasakis, A. I., Kalogianni, A. I., & Bossis, I. (2019). Aetiology, Risk Factors, Diagnosis and Control of Foot-Related Lameness in Dairy Sheep. Animals 2019, Vol. 9, Page 509, 9(8), 509. https://doi.org/10.3390/ANI9080509 Goel, A. K. (2015). Anthrax: A disease of biowarfare and public health importance. World Journal of Clinical Cases : WJCC, 3(1), 20. https://doi.org/10.12998/WJCC.V3.I1.20 Greber, D., Bearth, G., Lüchinger, R., Schuepbach-Regula, G., & Steiner, A. (2016). Elimination of virulent strains (aprV2) of Dichelobacter nodosus from feet of 28 Swiss sheep flocks: A proof of concept study. The Veterinary Journal, 216, 25–32. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.tvjl.2016.06.015 Green, L., & Clifton, R. (2018). Diagnosing and managing footrot in sheep: an update. In Practice, 40(1), 17–26. https://doi.org/10.1136/INP.J4575 Groenevelt, M., & Grogono-Thomas, R. (2018). What is the evidence base for blanket antibiotic therapy in the control of footrot in sheep? Https://Doi.Org/10.12968/Live.2018.23.Sup5.20, 23(Sup5), 20–23. https://doi.org/10.12968/LIVE.2018.23.SUP5.20 Instituto Colombiano Agropecuario. (2022). Censo Pecuarios Nacional. https://www.ica.gov.co/areas/pecuaria/servicios/epidemiologia-veterinaria/censos-2016/censo-2018 Kennan, R. M., Wong, W., Dhungyel, O. P., Han, X., Wong, D., Parker, D., Rosado, C. J., Law, R. H. P., McGowan, S., Reeve, S. B., Levina, V., Powers, G. A., Pike, R. N., Bottomley, S. P., Ian Smith, A., Marsh, I., Whittington, R. J., Whisstock, J. C., Porter, C. J., & Rood, J. I. (2010). The Subtilisin-Like Protease AprV2 Is Required for Virulence and Uses a Novel Disulphide-Tethered Exosite to Bind Substrates. PLOS Pathogens, 6(11), e1001210. https://doi.org/10.1371/JOURNAL.PPAT.1001210 Kraft, A. F., Strobel, H., Hilke, J., Steiner, A., & Kuhnert, P. (2020). The prevalence of Dichelobacter nodosus in clinically footrot-free sheep flocks: A comparative field study on elimination strategies. BMC Veterinary Research, 16(1), 1–8. https://doi.org/10.1186/S12917-020-2243-8/TABLES/2 Loboguerrero, A. M., Boshell, F., León, G., Martinez-Baron, D., Giraldo, D., Recaman Mejía, L., Díaz, E., & Cock, J. (2018). Bridging the gap between climate science and farmers in Colombia. Climate Risk Management, 22, 67–81. https://doi.org/10.1016/J.CRM.2018.08.001 Locher, I., Giger, L., Frosth, S., Kuhnert, P., & Steiner, A. (2018). Potential transmission routes of Dichelobacter nodosus. Veterinary Microbiology, 218, 20–24. https://doi.org/10.1016/J.VETMIC.2018.03.024 Marshall, H. J., Blanchard, A. M., Kelly, K. R., Goh, J. N., Williams, A. D., King, L., Lovatt, F., Davies, P. L., & Tötemeyer, S. (2022). The impact of glutaraldehyde based footbaths on Dichelobacter nodosus prevalence and the antimicrobial resistant community of the ovine interdigital skin. Veterinary Microbiology, 272, 109459. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.vetmic.2022.109459 Mazinani, M., & Rude, B. (2020). Population, world production and quality of sheep and goat products. American Journal of Animal and Veterinary Sciences, 15(4), 291–299. https://doi.org/10.3844/AJAVSP.2020.291.299 McPherson, A. S., Whittington, R. J., Kennan, R. M., Rood, J. I., & Dhungyel, O. P. (2021). A pasture-based experimental infection model for footrot in sheep. Small Ruminant Research, 195, 106305. https://doi.org/10.1016/J.SMALLRUMRES.2020.106305 Nieuwhof, G. J., & Bishop, S. C. (2005). Costs of the major endemic diseases of sheep in Great Britain and the potential benefits of reduction in disease impact. Animal Science, 81(1), 23–29. https://doi.org/10.1079/ASC41010023 Pulina, G., Milán, M. J., Lavín, M. P., Theodoridis, A., Morin, E., Capote, J., Thomas, D. L., Francesconi, A. H. D., & Caja, G. (2018). Invited review: Current production trends, farm structures, and economics of the dairy sheep and goat sectors. Journal of Dairy Science, 101(8), 6715–6729. https://doi.org/10.3168/JDS.2017-14015 Revelo, H. A., López-Alvarez, D., Landi, V., Rizzo, L., & Alvarez, L. A. (2020). Mitochondrial DNA Variations in Colombian Creole Sheep Confirm an Iberian Origin and Shed Light on the Dynamics of Introduction Events of African Genotypes. Animals 2020, Vol. 10, Page 1594, 10(9), 1594. https://doi.org/10.3390/ANI10091594 Romero, O. (2015). Evaluación de la Condición Corporal y Edad de los ovinos. (No. 79). http://puntoganadero.cl/imagenes/upload/_5cc0843a1bfd0.pdf Sargison, Neil. (2008). Sheep flock health : a planned approach (1st ed.). Blackwell Pub. https://books.google.com/books/about/Sheep_Flock_Health.html?hl=es&id=-nS2JylUCCEC Schwartzkoff, C. L., Egerton, J. R., Stewart, D. J., Lehrbach, P. R., Elleman, T. C., & Hoyne, P. A. (1993). The effects of antigenic competition on the efficacy of multivalent footrot vaccines. Australian Veterinary Journal, 70(4), 123–126. https://doi.org/10.1111/J.1751-0813.1993.TB06101.X Singh, R., Singh, K. P., Cherian, S., Saminathan, M., Kapoor, S., Reddy, G. B. M., Panda, S., & Dhama, K. (2017). Rabies – epidemiology, pathogenesis, public health concerns and advances in diagnosis and control: a comprehensive review. Https://Doi.Org/10.1080/01652176.2017.1343516, 37(1), 212–251. https://doi.org/10.1080/01652176.2017.1343516 Teixeira, A., Silva, S., Guedes, C., & Rodrigues, S. (2020). Sheep and Goat Meat Processed Products Quality: A Review. Foods 2020, Vol. 9, Page 960, 9(7), 960. https://doi.org/10.3390/FOODS9070960 Thrusfield, M., Christley, R., Brown, H., Diggle, P. J., French, N., Howe, K., Kelly, L., O’Connor, A., Sargeant, J., & Wood, H. (2017). Veterinary Epidemiology. In Veterinary Epidemiology: Fourth Edition (4th ed.). Wiley-Blackwell. https://doi.org/10.1002/9781118280249 Underwood, W. J., Blauwiekel, R., Delano, M. L., Gillesby, R., Mischler, S. A., & Schoell, A. (2015). Biology and Diseases of Ruminants (Sheep, Goats, and Cattle). Laboratory Animal Medicine: Third Edition, 623–694. https://doi.org/10.1016/B978-0-12-409527-4.00015-8 Winter, A. C. (2008). Lameness in sheep. Small Ruminant Research, 76(1–2), 149–153. https://doi.org/10.1016/J.SMALLRUMRES.2007.12.008 Zanolari, P., Dürr, S., Jores, J., Steiner, A., & Kuhnert, P. (2021). Ovine footrot: A review of current knowledge. The Veterinary Journal, 271, 105647. https://doi.org/10.1016/J.TVJL.2021.105647 |
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Facultad de Ciencias Agrícolas y Veterinarias |
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Valledupar, Colombia |
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Cañate-González, Abid Silvestrec1afc370-22d9-43f2-a50b-7f05e34555d6600Portillo-Paba, Jenny Alexandra7cd2aaac-9ac9-4544-91b6-ff7d0e515245-1Carrillo-Llanes, Livan Haiko0b45ec96-43fc-4d02-97aa-a197e3daaeb7-1Bayona-Pérez, Yesica Fernanda82fea9d1-2bd3-4c66-9223-ac8f1bc63a55-1Castillo-Navarro, Jesús Emilioc7c99ea6-8bac-4e84-aa27-4157934b24ac-1Rueda-Suarez, Mastranyero259a985b-0e13-45fb-931b-40a805d7f2d4-12024-02-27T14:53:35Z2024-08-102024-02-27T14:53:35Z2023-07-13DigitalLa pododermatitis interdigital (pietin o footrot) es una de las enfermedades podales más habituales en pequeños rumiantes, especialmente en ovinos. En temas de economía, la pododermatitis es la enfermedad infecciosa de pezuñas más relevante en la producción ovina a nivel mundial. Sin embargo, no hay programas de control ni tratamiento establecido para prevenir la pododermatitis en países tropicales de menor producción como Colombia. Este trabajo tiene como objetivo evaluar la eficacia del pediluvio como tratamiento curativo para la pododermatitis en ovinos ubicados en un predio del corregimiento de Mariangola, municipio de Valledupar, Cesar. Se realizó un diseño experimental con cuatro tratamientos y un grupo control. Los compuestos activos fueron el Sulfato de Zinc y el Formol. El experimento se llevó a cabo con una fase de tratamiento seguido de una fase de seguimiento durante un total de 45 días en época de lluvia según los datos meteorológicos. Se obtuvo diferencias significativas (P<0.05) entre los cuatro tratamientos y el grupo control; pero no se evidenció diferencias significativas (P>0.05) entre los cuatro tratamientos, infiriendo que, cualquiera de los cuatro tratamientos fue eficaz para prevenir la pododermatitis en ovinos ubicado en el corregimiento de Mariangola. Los intervalos semanales de tratamiento son suficiente, especialmente si el pediluvio se realiza eficazmente. Pero, si las condiciones son muy favorables para desarrollar una infección, el baño puede tener que repetirse dos veces por semana. Carrillo, L. y Bayona, Y. (2023) Eficacia de Pediluvios Como Tratamiento Curativo de la Pododermatitis en Ovinos en el Predio Villa Margaret, Valledupar, Colombia. Universidad de Santander.Interdigital pododermatitis (pietin or footrot) is one of the most common foot diseases in small ruminants, especially sheep. In terms of economics, pododermatitis is the most relevant infectious hoof disease in sheep production worldwide. However, there are no control or treatment programs established to prevent pododermatitis in tropical countries with lower production such as Colombia. This work was objective to evaluate the efficacy of footbath as a healing treatment for pododermatitis in sheep located in a property of the village of Mariangola, municipality of Valledupar, Cesar. We carried out an experimental design with four treatments and a control group. The active compounds were zinc sulfate and formaldehyde. The experiment was carried out with a treatment phase followed by a follow-up phase for a total of 45 days in the rainy season according to meteorological data. We obtained significant differences (P<0,05) between the four treatments and the control group; but there were no significant differences (P>0,05) between the four treatments, inferring that any of the four treatments was effective in preventing pododermatitis in sheep located in the village of Mariangola. Weekly intervals of treatment are sufficient, especially if the footbath is carried out effectively. But, if the conditions are very favorable for developing an infection, the bath may have to be repeated twice a week. Carrillo, L. and Bayona, Y. (2023) Efficacy of Footbaths as a Curative Treatment of Pododermatitis in Sheep at the Villa Margaret Farm, Valledupar, Colombia. Santander University.PregradoMédico Veterinario y ZootecnistaIntroducción 18 Planteamiento del Problema 19 Justificación 21 Objetivos 23 Objetivo General 23 Objetivos Específicos 23 Marco Teórico 24 El Ovino 24 La Producción Ovina 24 Sanidad Animal 25 Enfermedades Infecciosas 26 Pododermatitis 26 Prevención y Control de Pododermatitis 27 Arreglo Podal 28 Baño Podal o Pediluvio 28 Vacunación 29 Antecedentes 30 Materiales y Métodos 31 Tipo y Lugar de Estudio 31 Condiciones y Ubicación Geográfica 31 Población de Estudio y Criterios de Exclusión 32 Diseño Experimental 32 Tratamientos 32 Grupos Experimentales 33 Diseño Metodológico 34 Asignación Grupos Experimentales 34 Aplicación de Tratamiento 35 Evaluación y Seguimiento 37 Análisis Estadístico 38 Resultados 39 Grupos Experimentales 39 Fase de Seguimiento 39 Discusión 43 Conclusión 46 Recomendaciones 47 Referencias bibliográficas 48 Apéndice 5456application/pdfapplication/mswordUniversidad de SantanderT 35.23 C177eRepositorio Digital Universidad de Santanderhttps://repositorio.udes.edu.cohttps://repositorio.udes.edu.co/handle/001/10015spaUniversidad de SantanderValleduparFacultad de Ciencias Agrícolas y VeterinariasValledupar, ColombiaMedicina Veterinaria y ZootecniaAbbott, K. A., & Lewis, C. J. (2005). Current approaches to the management of ovine footrot. The Veterinary Journal, 169(1), 28–41. https://doi.org/10.1016/J.TVJL.2004.05.008Allworth, M., & Egerton, J. (2018). Comparison of footbathing and vaccination to control ovine footrot in an experimentally infected flock. Australian Veterinary Journal, 96(10), 395–399. https://doi.org/10.1111/avj.12715Australian Woold Innovation. (2022). Footrot: A guide to indentification and control in the field (No. 1). https://sheepconnect.s3.amazonaws.com/media/resources_files/1/1182873674c1/GD2008_NSW_2022_SC_A5_booklet_Footrot_3_HR.pdfBhatt, A., & Abbassi, B. (2021). Review of environmental performance of sheep farming using life cycle assessment. Journal of Cleaner Production, 293, 126192. https://doi.org/10.1016/J.JCLEPRO.2021.126192Bohan, A., Shalloo, L., Creighton, P., Earle, E., Boland, T. M., & McHugh, N. (2018). Investigating the role of stocking rate and prolificacy potential on profitability of grass based sheep production systems. Livestock Science, 210, 118–124. https://doi.org/10.1016/J.LIVSCI.2018.02.009Cannas, A., Tedeschi, L. O., Atzori, A. S., & Lunesu, M. F. (2019). How can nutrition models increase the production efficiency of sheep and goat operations? Animal Frontiers, 9(2), 33–44. https://doi.org/10.1093/AF/VFZ005Ch Härdi, M., Stoffel, A. C., Dürr, S., & Steiner, A. (2019). Originalarbeiten | Original contributions Klauenbad zur Bekämpfung der Moderhinke bei Schafen. Eine Bestandes aufnahme bei Schweizer Schafhaltern. Band, 6, 377–386. https://doi.org/10.17236/sat00210Clifton, R., Giebel, K., Liu, N. L. B. H., Purdy, K. J., & Green, L. E. (2019). Sites of persistence of Fusobacterium necrophorum and Dichelobacter nodosus: a paradigm shift in understanding the epidemiology of footrot in sheep. Scientific Reports, 9, 1–11. https://doi.org/10.1038/s41598-019-50822-9Clifton, R., & Green, L. (2016). Pathogenesis of ovine footrot disease: A complex picture. Veterinary Record, 179(9), 225–227. https://doi.org/10.1136/VR.I4554Department of Primary Industries. (2021). Footrot Manual (No. 1). www.dpi.nsw.gov.auFerreira, J. B., Sotomaior, C. S., Bezerra, A. C. D. S., da Silva, W. E., Leite, J. H. G. M., de Sousa, J. E. R., de Fátima França Biz, J., & Façanha, D. A. E. (2019). Sensitivity and specificity of the FAMACHA© system in tropical hair sheep. Tropical Animal Health and Production, 51(6), 1767–1771. https://doi.org/10.1007/S11250-019-01861-X/METRICSFick, S. E., & Hijmans, R. J. (2017). WorldClim 2: new 1-km spatial resolution climate surfaces for global land areas. International Journal of Climatology, 37(12), 4302–4315. https://doi.org/10.1002/JOC.5086Gelasakis, A. I., Kalogianni, A. I., & Bossis, I. (2019). Aetiology, Risk Factors, Diagnosis and Control of Foot-Related Lameness in Dairy Sheep. Animals 2019, Vol. 9, Page 509, 9(8), 509. https://doi.org/10.3390/ANI9080509Goel, A. K. (2015). Anthrax: A disease of biowarfare and public health importance. World Journal of Clinical Cases : WJCC, 3(1), 20. https://doi.org/10.12998/WJCC.V3.I1.20Greber, D., Bearth, G., Lüchinger, R., Schuepbach-Regula, G., & Steiner, A. (2016). Elimination of virulent strains (aprV2) of Dichelobacter nodosus from feet of 28 Swiss sheep flocks: A proof of concept study. The Veterinary Journal, 216, 25–32. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.tvjl.2016.06.015Green, L., & Clifton, R. (2018). Diagnosing and managing footrot in sheep: an update. In Practice, 40(1), 17–26. https://doi.org/10.1136/INP.J4575Groenevelt, M., & Grogono-Thomas, R. (2018). What is the evidence base for blanket antibiotic therapy in the control of footrot in sheep? Https://Doi.Org/10.12968/Live.2018.23.Sup5.20, 23(Sup5), 20–23. https://doi.org/10.12968/LIVE.2018.23.SUP5.20Instituto Colombiano Agropecuario. (2022). Censo Pecuarios Nacional. https://www.ica.gov.co/areas/pecuaria/servicios/epidemiologia-veterinaria/censos-2016/censo-2018Kennan, R. M., Wong, W., Dhungyel, O. P., Han, X., Wong, D., Parker, D., Rosado, C. J., Law, R. H. P., McGowan, S., Reeve, S. B., Levina, V., Powers, G. A., Pike, R. N., Bottomley, S. P., Ian Smith, A., Marsh, I., Whittington, R. J., Whisstock, J. C., Porter, C. J., & Rood, J. I. (2010). The Subtilisin-Like Protease AprV2 Is Required for Virulence and Uses a Novel Disulphide-Tethered Exosite to Bind Substrates. PLOS Pathogens, 6(11), e1001210. https://doi.org/10.1371/JOURNAL.PPAT.1001210Kraft, A. F., Strobel, H., Hilke, J., Steiner, A., & Kuhnert, P. (2020). The prevalence of Dichelobacter nodosus in clinically footrot-free sheep flocks: A comparative field study on elimination strategies. BMC Veterinary Research, 16(1), 1–8. https://doi.org/10.1186/S12917-020-2243-8/TABLES/2Loboguerrero, A. M., Boshell, F., León, G., Martinez-Baron, D., Giraldo, D., Recaman Mejía, L., Díaz, E., & Cock, J. (2018). Bridging the gap between climate science and farmers in Colombia. Climate Risk Management, 22, 67–81. https://doi.org/10.1016/J.CRM.2018.08.001Locher, I., Giger, L., Frosth, S., Kuhnert, P., & Steiner, A. (2018). Potential transmission routes of Dichelobacter nodosus. Veterinary Microbiology, 218, 20–24. https://doi.org/10.1016/J.VETMIC.2018.03.024Marshall, H. J., Blanchard, A. M., Kelly, K. R., Goh, J. N., Williams, A. D., King, L., Lovatt, F., Davies, P. L., & Tötemeyer, S. (2022). The impact of glutaraldehyde based footbaths on Dichelobacter nodosus prevalence and the antimicrobial resistant community of the ovine interdigital skin. Veterinary Microbiology, 272, 109459. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.vetmic.2022.109459Mazinani, M., & Rude, B. (2020). Population, world production and quality of sheep and goat products. American Journal of Animal and Veterinary Sciences, 15(4), 291–299. https://doi.org/10.3844/AJAVSP.2020.291.299McPherson, A. S., Whittington, R. J., Kennan, R. M., Rood, J. I., & Dhungyel, O. P. (2021). A pasture-based experimental infection model for footrot in sheep. Small Ruminant Research, 195, 106305. https://doi.org/10.1016/J.SMALLRUMRES.2020.106305Nieuwhof, G. J., & Bishop, S. C. (2005). Costs of the major endemic diseases of sheep in Great Britain and the potential benefits of reduction in disease impact. Animal Science, 81(1), 23–29. https://doi.org/10.1079/ASC41010023Pulina, G., Milán, M. J., Lavín, M. P., Theodoridis, A., Morin, E., Capote, J., Thomas, D. L., Francesconi, A. H. D., & Caja, G. (2018). Invited review: Current production trends, farm structures, and economics of the dairy sheep and goat sectors. Journal of Dairy Science, 101(8), 6715–6729. https://doi.org/10.3168/JDS.2017-14015Revelo, H. A., López-Alvarez, D., Landi, V., Rizzo, L., & Alvarez, L. A. (2020). Mitochondrial DNA Variations in Colombian Creole Sheep Confirm an Iberian Origin and Shed Light on the Dynamics of Introduction Events of African Genotypes. Animals 2020, Vol. 10, Page 1594, 10(9), 1594. https://doi.org/10.3390/ANI10091594Romero, O. (2015). Evaluación de la Condición Corporal y Edad de los ovinos. (No. 79). http://puntoganadero.cl/imagenes/upload/_5cc0843a1bfd0.pdfSargison, Neil. (2008). Sheep flock health : a planned approach (1st ed.). Blackwell Pub. https://books.google.com/books/about/Sheep_Flock_Health.html?hl=es&id=-nS2JylUCCECSchwartzkoff, C. L., Egerton, J. R., Stewart, D. J., Lehrbach, P. R., Elleman, T. C., & Hoyne, P. A. (1993). The effects of antigenic competition on the efficacy of multivalent footrot vaccines. Australian Veterinary Journal, 70(4), 123–126. https://doi.org/10.1111/J.1751-0813.1993.TB06101.XSingh, R., Singh, K. P., Cherian, S., Saminathan, M., Kapoor, S., Reddy, G. B. M., Panda, S., & Dhama, K. (2017). Rabies – epidemiology, pathogenesis, public health concerns and advances in diagnosis and control: a comprehensive review. Https://Doi.Org/10.1080/01652176.2017.1343516, 37(1), 212–251. https://doi.org/10.1080/01652176.2017.1343516Teixeira, A., Silva, S., Guedes, C., & Rodrigues, S. (2020). Sheep and Goat Meat Processed Products Quality: A Review. Foods 2020, Vol. 9, Page 960, 9(7), 960. https://doi.org/10.3390/FOODS9070960Thrusfield, M., Christley, R., Brown, H., Diggle, P. J., French, N., Howe, K., Kelly, L., O’Connor, A., Sargeant, J., & Wood, H. (2017). Veterinary Epidemiology. In Veterinary Epidemiology: Fourth Edition (4th ed.). Wiley-Blackwell. https://doi.org/10.1002/9781118280249Underwood, W. J., Blauwiekel, R., Delano, M. L., Gillesby, R., Mischler, S. A., & Schoell, A. (2015). Biology and Diseases of Ruminants (Sheep, Goats, and Cattle). 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Al consultar y hacer uso de este recurso, está aceptando las condiciones de uso establecidas por los autores.https://repositorio.udes.edu.coRepositorio Universidad de 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