Conflict resolution strategies: insights about learners’ speaking skill
Trabajo de grado donde la autora revela el impacto de implementar actividades colaborativas fundamentadas en estrategias de resolución de conflicto en la habilidad oral de los estudiantes de décimo grado en una clase de inglés como lengua extranjera del colegio Instituto Pedagógico Nacional ubicado...
- Autores:
-
Abril Duarte, María Alejandra
- Tipo de recurso:
- Trabajo de grado de pregrado
- Fecha de publicación:
- 2020
- Institución:
- Universidad Pedagógica Nacional
- Repositorio:
- Repositorio Institucional UPN
- Idioma:
- spa
- OAI Identifier:
- oai:repository.pedagogica.edu.co:20.500.12209/12099
- Acceso en línea:
- http://hdl.handle.net/20.500.12209/12099
- Palabra clave:
- Habilidad oral
Actividades colaborativas
Estrategias de resolución de conflicto
Speaking skills
Collaborative learning
Conflict resolution strategies
- Rights
- License
- https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0/
id |
RPEDAGO2_96a1920c7a7d4a996584e64c2ee53c60 |
---|---|
oai_identifier_str |
oai:repository.pedagogica.edu.co:20.500.12209/12099 |
network_acronym_str |
RPEDAGO2 |
network_name_str |
Repositorio Institucional UPN |
repository_id_str |
|
dc.title.spa.fl_str_mv |
Conflict resolution strategies: insights about learners’ speaking skill |
title |
Conflict resolution strategies: insights about learners’ speaking skill |
spellingShingle |
Conflict resolution strategies: insights about learners’ speaking skill Habilidad oral Actividades colaborativas Estrategias de resolución de conflicto Speaking skills Collaborative learning Conflict resolution strategies |
title_short |
Conflict resolution strategies: insights about learners’ speaking skill |
title_full |
Conflict resolution strategies: insights about learners’ speaking skill |
title_fullStr |
Conflict resolution strategies: insights about learners’ speaking skill |
title_full_unstemmed |
Conflict resolution strategies: insights about learners’ speaking skill |
title_sort |
Conflict resolution strategies: insights about learners’ speaking skill |
dc.creator.fl_str_mv |
Abril Duarte, María Alejandra |
dc.contributor.advisor.spa.fl_str_mv |
Montaño Moreno, Johanna |
dc.contributor.author.spa.fl_str_mv |
Abril Duarte, María Alejandra |
dc.subject.spa.fl_str_mv |
Habilidad oral Actividades colaborativas Estrategias de resolución de conflicto |
topic |
Habilidad oral Actividades colaborativas Estrategias de resolución de conflicto Speaking skills Collaborative learning Conflict resolution strategies |
dc.subject.keywords.eng.fl_str_mv |
Speaking skills Collaborative learning Conflict resolution strategies |
description |
Trabajo de grado donde la autora revela el impacto de implementar actividades colaborativas fundamentadas en estrategias de resolución de conflicto en la habilidad oral de los estudiantes de décimo grado en una clase de inglés como lengua extranjera del colegio Instituto Pedagógico Nacional ubicado en la localidad de Usaquén en la ciudad de Bogotá, Colombia. Este estudio es de tipo investigación acción y se basa en la recolección y análisis de datos usando la triangulación como técnica metodológica. Además, el documento presenta las conclusiones y recomendaciones provenientes de la intervención pedagógica ejecutada por la educadora en formación. |
publishDate |
2020 |
dc.date.accessioned.none.fl_str_mv |
2020-08-05T16:43:41Z |
dc.date.available.none.fl_str_mv |
2020-08-05T16:43:41Z |
dc.date.issued.none.fl_str_mv |
2020 |
dc.type.spa.fl_str_mv |
info:eu-repo/semantics/bachelorThesis |
dc.type.local.spa.fl_str_mv |
Tesis/Trabajo de grado - Monografía – Pregrado |
dc.type.coar.eng.fl_str_mv |
http://purl.org/coar/resource_type/c_7a1f |
dc.type.driver.eng.fl_str_mv |
info:eu-repo/semantics/bachelorThesis |
dc.type.version.none.fl_str_mv |
info:eu-repo/semantics/acceptedVersion |
format |
http://purl.org/coar/resource_type/c_7a1f |
status_str |
acceptedVersion |
dc.identifier.uri.none.fl_str_mv |
http://hdl.handle.net/20.500.12209/12099 |
dc.identifier.instname.spa.fl_str_mv |
instname:Universidad Pedagógica Nacional instname:Universidad Pedagógica Nacional |
dc.identifier.reponame.spa.fl_str_mv |
reponame: Repositorio Institucional UPN |
dc.identifier.repourl.none.fl_str_mv |
repourl: http://repositorio.pedagogica.edu.co/ |
url |
http://hdl.handle.net/20.500.12209/12099 |
identifier_str_mv |
instname:Universidad Pedagógica Nacional reponame: Repositorio Institucional UPN repourl: http://repositorio.pedagogica.edu.co/ |
dc.language.iso.spa.fl_str_mv |
spa |
language |
spa |
dc.relation.references.spa.fl_str_mv |
Astuti, D. K. (2013). The gap between English competence & performance (Performance: The learners’ speaking ability). Indonesian Journal of English Education, 660-670. Ayas, T., Deniz, M., Kağan, M., & Kenç, M. F. (2010). An investigation of conflict resolution strategies of adolescents. Procedia-social and behavioral sciences, 2(2), 3545-3551. Burns, A. (2009). Doing action research in English language teaching: A guide for practitioners. Routledge. Cohen, R. (2005). Students resolving conflict: Peer mediation in schools. Good Year Books. Contreras León, Janeth Juliana, & Chapetón Castro, Claudia Marcela. (2017). Transforming EFL Classroom Practices and Promoting Students' Empowerment: Collaborative Learning From a Dialogical Approach. Profile Issues in Teachers` Professional Development, 19(2), 135-149. https://dx.doi.org/10.15446/profile.v19n2.57811 Council of Europe. (n.d.). Common European Framework of Reference for Languages. In Common European Framework of Reference for Languages - Coe. Retrieved April 19, 2019, from https://rm.coe.int/16802fc1bf Cruz, K. (2016, May 19). Communicative activities to promote communication. Retrieved May 5, 2019, from http://hdl.handle.net/20.500.12209/3214 Dooly, M. (2008). Constructing Knowledge Together. In M. Dooly (Ed.). Telecollaborative Language Learning. A guidebook to moderating intercultural collaboration online (pp. 21-34). Bern: Peter Lang. Dörnyei, Z., & Taguchi, T. (2009). Questionnaires in second language research: Construction, administration, and processing. Routledge. Heredia, R. A. S. (2005). Programas de convivencia en el ámbito educativo: Enfoque global de transformación de conflictos y mediación escolar. In La mediación, una visión plural: diversos campos de aplicación (pp. 232-244). Gobierno de Canarias. Consejería de Presidencia y Justicia. Hymes, D. (1972). On communicative competence. sociolinguistics, 269293, 269-293. Instituto Pedagógico Nacional (2001). Proyecto Educativo Institucional, misión y visión de la institución. Retrieved April 10, 2019, from http://ipn.pedagogica.edu.co/vercontenido.php?idp=4&idh=252 Kohonen, V., & Bedley, G. (1992). Experiential language learning: second language learning as cooperative learner education. Collaborative language learning and teaching, 45-64. Localidad de Usaquén. (n.d.). Retrieved April 05, 2019, from https://bogota.gov.co/mi-ciudad/localidades/usaquen Markee, N. (2013). Emic and etic in qualitative research. The encyclopedia of applied linguistics, 1-4. Martinez, C. (2016). Communicative activities: a way to foster collaboration and communication among A1 EFL learners. Retrieved May 8, 2019, from http://hdl.handle.net/20.500.12209/3194 Mathers, N. J., Fox, N. J., & Hunn, A. (1998). Surveys and questionnaires. NHS Executive, Trent. Merriam, S. B. (1998). Qualitative Research and Case Study Applications in Education. Revised and Expanded from" Case Study Research in Education.". Jossey-Bass Publishers, 350 Sansome St, San Francisco, CA 94104. Ministerio de Educación Nacional. (n.d.). Guía No. 22 Estándares Básicos de Competencias en Lenguas Extranjeras: Inglés. In Centro Virtual de Noticias. Retrieved April 20, 2019, from https://www.mineducacion.gov.co/cvn/1665/article-115174.html Newbury, D. (2001). Diaries and fieldnotes in the research process. Research issues in art design and media, 1, 1-17. Nikolov, M. (2016). A framework for young EFL learners’ diagnostic assessment: ‘Can do statements’ and task types. In Assessing young learners of English: Global and local perspectives (pp. 65-92). Springer, Cham. Nunan, D. (Ed.). (1992). Collaborative language learning and teaching. Cambridge University Press. Panitz, T. (1999). Collaborative versus Cooperative Learning: A Comparison of the Two Concepts Which Will Help Us Understand the Underlying Nature of Interactive Learning. Parga, F. (2011, January 1). Cooperative Structures of Interaction in a Public School EFL Classroom in Bogotá. Colombian Applied Linguistics Journal, 13(1). doi: https://doi.org/10.14483/22487085.2929 Phillips, D. K., & Carr, K. (2014). Becoming a teacher through action research: Process, context, and self-study. Routledge. Pineda, C. (2001). Developing an English as a foreign language curriculum: The need for an articulated framework. Colombian Applied Linguistics, 3(1), 6-20. Ramírez, M. (2016). Fostering Conflict Resolution Skills Through Collaborative Oral Tasks in An EFL Classroom. Retrieved May 8, 2019, from http://hdl.handle.net/11349/3115 Rao, P. S. (2019). Collaborative Learning in English Language Learning Environment. Romanczyk, R. G., White, S., & Gillis, J. M. (2005). Social skills versus skilled social behavior: A problematic distinction in autism spectrum disorders. Journal of Early and Intensive Behavior Intervention, 2(3), 177. Sakale, S. (2012). Rethinking Speaking Skill in EFL (English Foreign Language) Setting. Sino-US English Teaching, 9(4), 1100-1111. Thomas, K. W. (2008). Thomas-Kilmann Conflict Mode. TKI Profile and Interpretive Report, 1-11. Tudor, I. (2001). The dynamics of the language classroom. Ernst Klett Sprachen. Valencia, S. (2018). Collaborative strategies to enhance oral interaction in an EFL classroom. Retrieved May 5, 2019 from http://hdl.handle.net/20.500.12209/9129 |
dc.rights.coar.fl_str_mv |
http://purl.org/coar/access_right/c_abf2 |
dc.rights.uri.none.fl_str_mv |
https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0/ |
dc.rights.access.spa.fl_str_mv |
Acceso abierto |
dc.rights.creativecommons.none.fl_str_mv |
Attribution-NonCommercial-NoDerivatives 4.0 International |
rights_invalid_str_mv |
https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0/ Acceso abierto Attribution-NonCommercial-NoDerivatives 4.0 International http://purl.org/coar/access_right/c_abf2 |
dc.format.spa.fl_str_mv |
PDF |
dc.format.mimetype.spa.fl_str_mv |
application/pdf |
dc.coverage.spatial.spa.fl_str_mv |
Bogotá |
dc.coverage.temporal.spa.fl_str_mv |
2019-2020 |
dc.publisher.spa.fl_str_mv |
Universidad Pedagógica Nacional |
dc.publisher.program.spa.fl_str_mv |
Licenciatura en Español e Inglés |
dc.publisher.faculty.spa.fl_str_mv |
Facultad de Humanidades |
dc.source.spa.fl_str_mv |
reponame:Repositorio Institucional de la Universidad Pedagógica Nacional instname:Universidad Pedagógica Nacional |
instname_str |
Universidad Pedagógica Nacional |
institution |
Universidad Pedagógica Nacional |
reponame_str |
Repositorio Institucional de la Universidad Pedagógica Nacional |
collection |
Repositorio Institucional de la Universidad Pedagógica Nacional |
bitstream.url.fl_str_mv |
http://repository.pedagogica.edu.co/bitstream/20.500.12209/12099/5/ABRIL_MAR%c3%8dA_TRABAJO%20DE%20GRADO_INGL%c3%89S.pdf.jpg http://repository.pedagogica.edu.co/bitstream/20.500.12209/12099/3/license.txt http://repository.pedagogica.edu.co/bitstream/20.500.12209/12099/4/Lic%20maria.pdf http://repository.pedagogica.edu.co/bitstream/20.500.12209/12099/1/ABRIL_MAR%c3%8dA_TRABAJO%20DE%20GRADO_INGL%c3%89S.pdf |
bitstream.checksum.fl_str_mv |
b6cb640168b614e8e05038002639773a 8a4605be74aa9ea9d79846c1fba20a33 3a070374fd36452adda2e03ee099135b ad45df55581e2dfd264e3be642282cef |
bitstream.checksumAlgorithm.fl_str_mv |
MD5 MD5 MD5 MD5 |
repository.name.fl_str_mv |
Repositorio Institucional Universidad Pedagógica Nacional |
repository.mail.fl_str_mv |
repositorio@pedagogica.edu.co |
_version_ |
1814445075229310976 |
spelling |
Montaño Moreno, JohannaAbril Duarte, María AlejandraBogotá2019-20202020-08-05T16:43:41Z2020-08-05T16:43:41Z2020http://hdl.handle.net/20.500.12209/12099instname:Universidad Pedagógica Nacionalinstname:Universidad Pedagógica Nacionalreponame: Repositorio Institucional UPNrepourl: http://repositorio.pedagogica.edu.co/Trabajo de grado donde la autora revela el impacto de implementar actividades colaborativas fundamentadas en estrategias de resolución de conflicto en la habilidad oral de los estudiantes de décimo grado en una clase de inglés como lengua extranjera del colegio Instituto Pedagógico Nacional ubicado en la localidad de Usaquén en la ciudad de Bogotá, Colombia. Este estudio es de tipo investigación acción y se basa en la recolección y análisis de datos usando la triangulación como técnica metodológica. Además, el documento presenta las conclusiones y recomendaciones provenientes de la intervención pedagógica ejecutada por la educadora en formación.Submitted by María Alejandra Abril Duarte (dle_maabrild430@pedagogica.edu.co) on 2020-08-03T04:50:06Z No. of bitstreams: 2 ABRIL_MARÍA_TRABAJO DE GRADO_INGLÉS.pdf: 5546553 bytes, checksum: ad45df55581e2dfd264e3be642282cef (MD5) ABRIL_MARÍA LICENCIA DE USO.pdf: 1254501 bytes, checksum: 3a070374fd36452adda2e03ee099135b (MD5)Approved for entry into archive by Biblioteca UPN (repositoriobiblioteca@pedagogica.edu.co) on 2020-08-04T16:16:00Z (GMT) No. of bitstreams: 2 ABRIL_MARÍA_TRABAJO DE GRADO_INGLÉS.pdf: 5546553 bytes, checksum: ad45df55581e2dfd264e3be642282cef (MD5) ABRIL_MARÍA LICENCIA DE USO.pdf: 1254501 bytes, checksum: 3a070374fd36452adda2e03ee099135b (MD5)Approved for entry into archive by Elsy Carolina Martínez (ecmartinezb@pedagogica.edu.co) on 2020-08-05T16:43:41Z (GMT) No. of bitstreams: 2 ABRIL_MARÍA_TRABAJO DE GRADO_INGLÉS.pdf: 5546553 bytes, checksum: ad45df55581e2dfd264e3be642282cef (MD5) ABRIL_MARÍA LICENCIA DE USO.pdf: 1254501 bytes, checksum: 3a070374fd36452adda2e03ee099135b (MD5)Made available in DSpace on 2020-08-05T16:43:41Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 2 ABRIL_MARÍA_TRABAJO DE GRADO_INGLÉS.pdf: 5546553 bytes, checksum: ad45df55581e2dfd264e3be642282cef (MD5) ABRIL_MARÍA LICENCIA DE USO.pdf: 1254501 bytes, checksum: 3a070374fd36452adda2e03ee099135b (MD5) Previous issue date: 2020Universidad Pedagógica NacionalLicenciado en Español e InglésTesis de pregradoPDFapplication/pdfspaUniversidad Pedagógica NacionalLicenciatura en Español e InglésFacultad de Humanidadeshttps://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0/Acceso abiertoAttribution-NonCommercial-NoDerivatives 4.0 Internationalhttp://purl.org/coar/access_right/c_abf2reponame:Repositorio Institucional de la Universidad Pedagógica Nacionalinstname:Universidad Pedagógica NacionalHabilidad oralActividades colaborativasEstrategias de resolución de conflictoSpeaking skillsCollaborative learningConflict resolution strategiesConflict resolution strategies: insights about learners’ speaking skillinfo:eu-repo/semantics/bachelorThesisTesis/Trabajo de grado - Monografía – Pregradohttp://purl.org/coar/resource_type/c_7a1finfo:eu-repo/semantics/bachelorThesisinfo:eu-repo/semantics/acceptedVersionAstuti, D. K. (2013). The gap between English competence & performance (Performance: The learners’ speaking ability). Indonesian Journal of English Education, 660-670.Ayas, T., Deniz, M., Kağan, M., & Kenç, M. F. (2010). An investigation of conflict resolution strategies of adolescents. Procedia-social and behavioral sciences, 2(2), 3545-3551.Burns, A. (2009). Doing action research in English language teaching: A guide for practitioners. Routledge.Cohen, R. (2005). Students resolving conflict: Peer mediation in schools. Good Year Books.Contreras León, Janeth Juliana, & Chapetón Castro, Claudia Marcela. (2017). Transforming EFL Classroom Practices and Promoting Students' Empowerment: Collaborative Learning From a Dialogical Approach. Profile Issues in Teachers` Professional Development, 19(2), 135-149. https://dx.doi.org/10.15446/profile.v19n2.57811Council of Europe. (n.d.). Common European Framework of Reference for Languages. In Common European Framework of Reference for Languages - Coe. Retrieved April 19, 2019, from https://rm.coe.int/16802fc1bfCruz, K. (2016, May 19). Communicative activities to promote communication. Retrieved May 5, 2019, from http://hdl.handle.net/20.500.12209/3214Dooly, M. (2008). Constructing Knowledge Together. In M. Dooly (Ed.). Telecollaborative Language Learning. A guidebook to moderating intercultural collaboration online (pp. 21-34). Bern: Peter Lang.Dörnyei, Z., & Taguchi, T. (2009). Questionnaires in second language research: Construction, administration, and processing. Routledge.Heredia, R. A. S. (2005). Programas de convivencia en el ámbito educativo: Enfoque global de transformación de conflictos y mediación escolar. In La mediación, una visión plural: diversos campos de aplicación (pp. 232-244). Gobierno de Canarias. Consejería de Presidencia y Justicia.Hymes, D. (1972). On communicative competence. sociolinguistics, 269293, 269-293.Instituto Pedagógico Nacional (2001). Proyecto Educativo Institucional, misión y visión de la institución. Retrieved April 10, 2019, from http://ipn.pedagogica.edu.co/vercontenido.php?idp=4&idh=252Kohonen, V., & Bedley, G. (1992). Experiential language learning: second language learning as cooperative learner education. Collaborative language learning and teaching, 45-64.Localidad de Usaquén. (n.d.). Retrieved April 05, 2019, from https://bogota.gov.co/mi-ciudad/localidades/usaquenMarkee, N. (2013). Emic and etic in qualitative research. The encyclopedia of applied linguistics, 1-4.Martinez, C. (2016). Communicative activities: a way to foster collaboration and communication among A1 EFL learners. Retrieved May 8, 2019, from http://hdl.handle.net/20.500.12209/3194Mathers, N. J., Fox, N. J., & Hunn, A. (1998). Surveys and questionnaires. NHS Executive, Trent.Merriam, S. B. (1998). Qualitative Research and Case Study Applications in Education. Revised and Expanded from" Case Study Research in Education.". Jossey-Bass Publishers, 350 Sansome St, San Francisco, CA 94104.Ministerio de Educación Nacional. (n.d.). Guía No. 22 Estándares Básicos de Competencias en Lenguas Extranjeras: Inglés. In Centro Virtual de Noticias. Retrieved April 20, 2019, from https://www.mineducacion.gov.co/cvn/1665/article-115174.htmlNewbury, D. (2001). Diaries and fieldnotes in the research process. Research issues in art design and media, 1, 1-17.Nikolov, M. (2016). A framework for young EFL learners’ diagnostic assessment: ‘Can do statements’ and task types. In Assessing young learners of English: Global and local perspectives (pp. 65-92). Springer, Cham.Nunan, D. (Ed.). (1992). Collaborative language learning and teaching. Cambridge University Press.Panitz, T. (1999). Collaborative versus Cooperative Learning: A Comparison of the Two Concepts Which Will Help Us Understand the Underlying Nature of Interactive Learning.Parga, F. (2011, January 1). Cooperative Structures of Interaction in a Public School EFL Classroom in Bogotá. Colombian Applied Linguistics Journal, 13(1). doi: https://doi.org/10.14483/22487085.2929Phillips, D. K., & Carr, K. (2014). Becoming a teacher through action research: Process, context, and self-study. Routledge.Pineda, C. (2001). Developing an English as a foreign language curriculum: The need for an articulated framework. Colombian Applied Linguistics, 3(1), 6-20.Ramírez, M. (2016). Fostering Conflict Resolution Skills Through Collaborative Oral Tasks in An EFL Classroom. Retrieved May 8, 2019, from http://hdl.handle.net/11349/3115Rao, P. S. (2019). Collaborative Learning in English Language Learning Environment.Romanczyk, R. G., White, S., & Gillis, J. M. (2005). Social skills versus skilled social behavior: A problematic distinction in autism spectrum disorders. Journal of Early and Intensive Behavior Intervention, 2(3), 177.Sakale, S. (2012). Rethinking Speaking Skill in EFL (English Foreign Language) Setting. Sino-US English Teaching, 9(4), 1100-1111.Thomas, K. W. (2008). Thomas-Kilmann Conflict Mode. TKI Profile and Interpretive Report, 1-11.Tudor, I. (2001). The dynamics of the language classroom. Ernst Klett Sprachen.Valencia, S. (2018). Collaborative strategies to enhance oral interaction in an EFL classroom. Retrieved May 5, 2019 from http://hdl.handle.net/20.500.12209/9129THUMBNAILABRIL_MARÍA_TRABAJO DE GRADO_INGLÉS.pdf.jpgABRIL_MARÍA_TRABAJO DE GRADO_INGLÉS.pdf.jpgIM Thumbnailimage/jpeg1960http://repository.pedagogica.edu.co/bitstream/20.500.12209/12099/5/ABRIL_MAR%c3%8dA_TRABAJO%20DE%20GRADO_INGL%c3%89S.pdf.jpgb6cb640168b614e8e05038002639773aMD55LICENSElicense.txtlicense.txttext/plain; charset=utf-81748http://repository.pedagogica.edu.co/bitstream/20.500.12209/12099/3/license.txt8a4605be74aa9ea9d79846c1fba20a33MD53Lic maria.pdfLic maria.pdfapplication/pdf1254501http://repository.pedagogica.edu.co/bitstream/20.500.12209/12099/4/Lic%20maria.pdf3a070374fd36452adda2e03ee099135bMD54ORIGINALABRIL_MARÍA_TRABAJO DE GRADO_INGLÉS.pdfABRIL_MARÍA_TRABAJO DE GRADO_INGLÉS.pdfTrabajo de Gradoapplication/pdf5546553http://repository.pedagogica.edu.co/bitstream/20.500.12209/12099/1/ABRIL_MAR%c3%8dA_TRABAJO%20DE%20GRADO_INGL%c3%89S.pdfad45df55581e2dfd264e3be642282cefMD5120.500.12209/12099oai:repository.pedagogica.edu.co:20.500.12209/120992023-09-01 15:56:36.131Repositorio Institucional Universidad Pedagógica Nacionalrepositorio@pedagogica.edu.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 |