Boosting argumentative speaking skills and cultural awareness through ludic activities.
Universidad Pedagógica Nacional
- Autores:
-
Vanegas Gutierrez, Karen Natalia
- Tipo de recurso:
- Trabajo de grado de pregrado
- Fecha de publicación:
- 2020
- Institución:
- Universidad Pedagógica Nacional
- Repositorio:
- Repositorio Institucional UPN
- Idioma:
- spa
- OAI Identifier:
- oai:repository.pedagogica.edu.co:20.500.12209/12137
- Acceso en línea:
- http://hdl.handle.net/20.500.12209/12137
- Palabra clave:
- Actividades lúdicas
Argumentación
Habilidades orales
Consciencia cultural
Ludic activities
Argumentation
Speaking skills
Cultural awareness
- Rights
- License
- https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0/
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Boosting argumentative speaking skills and cultural awareness through ludic activities. |
| title |
Boosting argumentative speaking skills and cultural awareness through ludic activities. |
| spellingShingle |
Boosting argumentative speaking skills and cultural awareness through ludic activities. Actividades lúdicas Argumentación Habilidades orales Consciencia cultural Ludic activities Argumentation Speaking skills Cultural awareness |
| title_short |
Boosting argumentative speaking skills and cultural awareness through ludic activities. |
| title_full |
Boosting argumentative speaking skills and cultural awareness through ludic activities. |
| title_fullStr |
Boosting argumentative speaking skills and cultural awareness through ludic activities. |
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Boosting argumentative speaking skills and cultural awareness through ludic activities. |
| title_sort |
Boosting argumentative speaking skills and cultural awareness through ludic activities. |
| dc.creator.fl_str_mv |
Vanegas Gutierrez, Karen Natalia |
| dc.contributor.advisor.spa.fl_str_mv |
Pérez Gómez, Francisco Antonio |
| dc.contributor.author.spa.fl_str_mv |
Vanegas Gutierrez, Karen Natalia |
| dc.subject.spa.fl_str_mv |
Actividades lúdicas Argumentación Habilidades orales Consciencia cultural |
| topic |
Actividades lúdicas Argumentación Habilidades orales Consciencia cultural Ludic activities Argumentation Speaking skills Cultural awareness |
| dc.subject.keywords.eng.fl_str_mv |
Ludic activities Argumentation Speaking skills Cultural awareness |
| description |
Universidad Pedagógica Nacional |
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2020 |
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Andrews, R. (2015). Researchgate. Obtenido de https://www.researchgate.net/publication/304806007_Critical_Thinking_andor_Argumentation_in_Higher_Education Ausubel, D. (1963). The psychology of meaningful verbal learning. New York: Grune and Stratton. Becker, H., & Geer, B. (1970). Participant observation and interviewing: A comparison. Chicago: Markham. Beltrán, J., & Palomino, C. (2016). Impact of communicative activities supported by technological resources on listening and speaking processes in an EFL classroom. Recuperado el March de 2019, de http://repositorio.pedagogica.edu.co/bitstream/handle/20.500.12209/3230/TE-%2019481.pdf?sequence=1&isAllowed=y Besnard, P., & Hunter, A. (2008). Research Gate. Obtenido de https://www.researchgate.net/profile/Anthony_Hunter/publication/220907500_Elements_of_Argumentation/links/544e27410cf26dda088e4f35.pdf Brown, H. (2000). Principles of Language Learning and Teaching. New York: Longman. Bruner, J. (1960). The process of education. Oxford: Harvard Univer. Press. Bryman, A. (2012). Social Research Methods. (4th Edition). Recuperado el May de 2019, de https://books.google.com.co/books?id=vCq5m2hPkOMC&printsec=frontcover&dq=Social+Research+Methods+BY+Bryman&hl=en&sa=X&ei=orVSU5fyIInnsASUkYD4Dw&ved=0CCoQ6AEwAA#v=onepage&q=Social%20Research%20Methods%20BY%20Brym%20an&f=true Burns, A. (1999). Collaborative Action Research for English Language Teacher. (C. U. Press, Ed.) United Kingdom. Burns, A., & Joyce, H. (1997). Focus on speaking. Sidney: National center for English Language Teaching and Research. Bygate, M. (2001). Speaking. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press. Check, J., & Schutt, R. (2012). Survey Research. Oaks: Sage publications. Clem, A. (2006). Kurt Lewin and the Origins of Action Research. Recuperado el June de 2019, de https://www.tandfonline.com/doi/pdf/10.1080/0965079930010102 Cohen, L., Manion, L., & Morrison, K. (2007). Research Methods in Education, Sixth Edition. Recuperado el 30 de May de 2019, de http://gtu.ge/Agro-Lib/RESEARCH%20METHOD%20COHEN%20ok.pdf Cohen, L., Marion, L., & Morrison, K. (2007). Research methods in education. Recuperado el May de 2019, de http://gtu.ge/Agro-Lib/RESEARCH%20METHOD%20COHEN%20ok.pdf Colegio Prado Veraniego IED. (2010). PEI 2018 Prado Veraniego. Recuperado el March de 2019, de file:///C:/Users/VANEGAS/Downloads/PEI%20%202018%20PRADO%20VERANIEGO%20(4).pdf Creswell, J. W. (2009). Research design: Qualitative, quantitative, and mixed methods approaches (3rd ed.). Los Angeles: Sage. Cruz Anzola, K. P. (2016). Improving communicative skills promote communication. Recuperado el March de 2019, de http://repositorio.pedagogica.edu.co/bitstream/handle/20.500.12209/3227/TE-19097.pdf?sequence=1&isAllowed=y Esquivel Gómez, L. (2019). Gamification: a mission to foster students’ engagement and interaction in the EFL classroom . Obtenido de http://repositorio.pedagogica.edu.co/bitstream/handle/20.500.12209/10368/TE-23309.pdf?sequence=1&isAllowed=y Ferrance, E. (2000). Action research. Recuperado el May de 2019, de https://www.brown.edu/academics/education-alliance/sites/brown.edu.academics.education-alliance/files/publications/act_research.pdf Ferraro, G. (1998). The Cultural Dimension of International Business. New Jersey: Prentice Hall. Granados Beltrán, C. (2016). Critical Interculturality. A Path for Preservice ELT Teachers. íkala, Revista de Lenguaje y Cultura, 21, 171-187. Gutierrez Gutierrez, D. (2005). Developing Oral Skills through Communicative and Interactive Tasks. Recuperado el April de 2019, de http://infonomics-society.org/wp-content/uploads/licej/published- papers/special-issue-volume-2-2013/Language-Learning-Enhanced-by-Music-and- Song.pdf JAC Suba. (19 de junio de 2013). Reseña Barrio Prado Veraniego. Recuperado el marzo de 2019, de http://www.infosuba.org/contenido/resenia/16.pdf M, R., L, R., & L, E. (2000). Intrinsic and Extrinsic Motivations: Classic Definitions and New Directions. University of Rochester. Maryer, A., & Hincapié, A. (2015). life stories: a way to develop critical thinking in EFL sixth grade learners. Recuperado el March de 2019, de http://repositorio.pedagogica.edu.co/bitstream/handle/20.500.12209/1173/TO-%2017941.pdf?sequence=1&isAllowed=y McNamara, C. (1999). General Guidelines for Conducting Interviews, Authenticity Consulting. Recuperado el 2019, de http://www.managementhelp.org/evaluatn/intrview.htm Ministerio de Educación Nacional MEN. (2006). Formar en lenguas extranjeras ¡el reto! Recuperado el April de 2019, de https://www.mineducacion.gov.co/1621/articles-115174_archivo_pdf.pdf Moran, P. (2001). Teaching culture: perspectives in practice. Ontario : Heinle & Heinle. Morris, M., Leung, K., Ames, D., & Lickel, B. (1999). Views from inside and outside: integrating emic and etic insights about culture and justice judgement. Academy of Management Review. Recuperado el May de 2020, de http://www.columbia.edu/~da358/publications/etic_emic.pdf Naessens, H. (2010). Comparación entre dos autores del pensamiento crítico: Jacques Boisvert y Richard Paul-Linda Elder. Recuperado el April de 2019, de http://ri.uaemex.mx/bitstream/handle/20.500.11799/57993/CAP%2010%20COMPARACION.pdf?sequence=1&isAllowed=y Ortiz Granja, D. (2015). El constructivismo como teoría y método de enseñanza. Recuperado el June de 2019, de https://www.redalyc.org/pdf/4418/441846096005.pdf Paul, S. &. (1987). Defining Critical Thinking. Proaño Zambrano, C. (february de 2018). Ludic games and their influence on the skill to speak in English in the 9th grade students at "Juan Montalvo Fiallos" educational unit, the communal, el carmen-Manabí 2017-2018 academic perior. Obtenido de https://repositorio.uleam.edu.ec/bitstream/123456789/865/1/ULEAM-INGL-0019.pdf Richards, J., & Rodgers, T. (1986). Approaches and methods in language teaching. Recuperado el June de 2019, de https://www.novaconcursos.com.br/blog/pdf/richards-jack-c.-&-rodgers.pdf Sampieri Hernández, C. F. (2010). Metodología de la investigación. México: Educación. Obtenido de https://www.academia.edu/23889615/._Hern%C3%A1ndez_Sampieri_R._Fern%C3%A1ndez_Collado_C._y_Baptista_Lucio_M._P_2010_ Scriven, & Paul. (1987). Defining critical thinking. Recuperado el April de 2019, de http://www.academypublication.com/issues/past/tpls/vol01/02/03.pdf Scriven, & Paul. (2011). The Application of Critical Thinking in Teaching. Recuperado el April de 2019, de http://www.academypublication.com/issues/past/tpls/vol01/02/03.pdf Shank, G. (2002). Qualitative Research. A Personal Skills Aproach. New Jersey: Merril Prentice Hall. Strauss, A. (1987). Qualitative Analysis For Social Scientists. Cambridge University Press. Recuperado el May de 2020, de https://books.google.com.au/books?id=y16ww5ZsJ0AC&printsec=frontcover&hl=en#v=onepage&q&f=false Strauss, A., & Corbin, J. (1990). Grounded Theory Research: Procedures, Canons, and Evaluative Criteria. Recuperado el June de 2019, de https://med-fom-familymed-research.sites.olt.ubc.ca/files/2012/03/W10-Corbin-and-Strauss-grounded-theory.pdf Tudor, I. (2001). Visions of learning in the dynamics of the language classroom. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press. Tyler, E. (1871). Primitive culture. Cambridge: Cambridge library collection. Van, F. (2004). Obtenido de https://pdfs.semanticscholar.org/3e38/d3ca665a2cdcb05d806e66aea277b1b0f78a.pdf Walsh, C. (2010). Interculturalidad crítica y educación intercultural. In J. Viaña, L. Tapia & C. Walsh. Construyendo interculturalidad crítica. La Paz: Instituto Internacional de Integración del Convenio Andrés Bello . Willig, C. (2013). Introducing Qualitative Research in Psychology. New York: Open University Press. |
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Pérez Gómez, Francisco AntonioVanegas Gutierrez, Karen NataliaBogotá2019 - 20202020-08-06T17:20:59Z2020-08-06T17:20:59Z2020http://hdl.handle.net/20.500.12209/12137instname:Universidad Pedagógica Nacionalinstname:Universidad Pedagógica Nacionalreponame: Repositorio Institucional UPNrepourl: http://repositorio.pedagogica.edu.co/Submitted by Karen Natalia Vanegas Gutierrez (del_knvanegasg239@pedagogica.edu.co) on 2020-08-03T16:12:47Z No. of bitstreams: 2 Licencia de uso.pdf: 306453 bytes, checksum: ceaccb8129ffed2f27e8e72b6b30bf9f (MD5) Boosting argumentative oral skills.pdf: 2176000 bytes, checksum: c627c455f6e2481ab22aa8b2f5684f98 (MD5)Rejected by Biblioteca UPN (repositoriobiblioteca@pedagogica.edu.co), reason: El Programa devuelve el envío debido a que el título que aparece en la Licencia de uso no es igual al del Trabajo de Grado on 2020-08-03T22:13:09Z (GMT)Submitted by Karen Natalia Vanegas Gutierrez (del_knvanegasg239@pedagogica.edu.co) on 2020-08-03T22:51:12Z No. of bitstreams: 2 Licencia de uso.pdf: 306453 bytes, checksum: ceaccb8129ffed2f27e8e72b6b30bf9f (MD5) Boosting argumentative oral skills.pdf: 2175298 bytes, checksum: 0b7d8fb2acb2d98d408bb00b3ebef3ac (MD5)Approved for entry into archive by Biblioteca UPN (repositoriobiblioteca@pedagogica.edu.co) on 2020-08-04T00:38:42Z (GMT) No. of bitstreams: 2 Licencia de uso.pdf: 306453 bytes, checksum: ceaccb8129ffed2f27e8e72b6b30bf9f (MD5) Boosting argumentative oral skills.pdf: 2175298 bytes, checksum: 0b7d8fb2acb2d98d408bb00b3ebef3ac (MD5)Rejected by Elsy Carolina Martínez (ecmartinezb@pedagogica.edu.co), reason: Eliminar los consentimientos informados que aparecen en los anexos, ya que contiene datos sensibles como firmas, números de documentos, se recomienda dejar estos consentimientos en un anexo aparte como la licencia con el fin de ocultarlos cuando publiquemos su trabajo. on 2020-08-06T03:40:48Z (GMT)Submitted by Karen Natalia Vanegas Gutierrez (del_knvanegasg239@pedagogica.edu.co) on 2020-08-06T13:30:01Z No. of bitstreams: 2 Boosting argumentative oral skills.pdf: 1808370 bytes, checksum: 46068cb0f093b6ae63d3ff3dd7901012 (MD5) Licencia de uso.pdf: 453456 bytes, checksum: 4d3be7cfa317b143ba8ea6e0f655d257 (MD5)Approved for entry into archive by Biblioteca UPN (repositoriobiblioteca@pedagogica.edu.co) on 2020-08-06T14:40:02Z (GMT) No. of bitstreams: 2 Boosting argumentative oral skills.pdf: 1808370 bytes, checksum: 46068cb0f093b6ae63d3ff3dd7901012 (MD5) Licencia de uso.pdf: 453456 bytes, checksum: 4d3be7cfa317b143ba8ea6e0f655d257 (MD5)Approved for entry into archive by Elsy Carolina Martínez (ecmartinezb@pedagogica.edu.co) on 2020-08-06T17:20:59Z (GMT) No. of bitstreams: 2 Boosting argumentative oral skills.pdf: 1808370 bytes, checksum: 46068cb0f093b6ae63d3ff3dd7901012 (MD5) Licencia de uso.pdf: 453456 bytes, checksum: 4d3be7cfa317b143ba8ea6e0f655d257 (MD5)Made available in DSpace on 2020-08-06T17:20:59Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 2 Boosting argumentative oral skills.pdf: 1808370 bytes, checksum: 46068cb0f093b6ae63d3ff3dd7901012 (MD5) Licencia de uso.pdf: 453456 bytes, checksum: 4d3be7cfa317b143ba8ea6e0f655d257 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2020Universidad Pedagógica NacionalLicenciado en Español e InglésTesis de pregradoThis was a qualitative action research study which aimed at acknowledging and identifying how argumentation skills were developed in a ninth grade classroom when working with ludic activities while developing speaking skills as well with tenth graders at Prado Veraniego School. To this effect, data collection instruments used were interviews, field notes, surveys, artifacts, and recordings; these were applied for ensuring the reliability and validity of data triangulation. Therefore, the grounded approach was the methodology selected, which allowed the emerged categories to be analyzed to obtain the results and conclusions. Finally, this investigation revealed how using ludic activities had a positive impact on students’ argumentative speaking skills by and their cultural conscience was fostered by exposing them to topics related to their real life. Moreover, data showed that students increased notoriously their confidence, which helped them to feel more comfortable to speak and to be more interested towards English.PDFapplication/pdfspaUniversidad Pedagógica NacionalLicenciatura en Español e InglésFacultad de Humanidadeshttps://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0/Acceso abiertoAttribution-NonCommercial-NoDerivatives 4.0 Internationalhttp://purl.org/coar/access_right/c_abf2reponame:Repositorio Institucional de la Universidad Pedagógica Nacionalinstname:Universidad Pedagógica NacionalActividades lúdicasArgumentaciónHabilidades oralesConsciencia culturalLudic activitiesArgumentationSpeaking skillsCultural awarenessBoosting argumentative speaking skills and cultural awareness through ludic activities.info:eu-repo/semantics/bachelorThesisTesis/Trabajo de grado - Monografía – Pregradohttp://purl.org/coar/resource_type/c_7a1finfo:eu-repo/semantics/bachelorThesisinfo:eu-repo/semantics/acceptedVersionAndrews, R. (2015). Researchgate. Obtenido de https://www.researchgate.net/publication/304806007_Critical_Thinking_andor_Argumentation_in_Higher_EducationAusubel, D. (1963). The psychology of meaningful verbal learning. New York: Grune and Stratton.Becker, H., & Geer, B. (1970). Participant observation and interviewing: A comparison. Chicago: Markham.Beltrán, J., & Palomino, C. (2016). Impact of communicative activities supported by technological resources on listening and speaking processes in an EFL classroom. Recuperado el March de 2019, de http://repositorio.pedagogica.edu.co/bitstream/handle/20.500.12209/3230/TE-%2019481.pdf?sequence=1&isAllowed=yBesnard, P., & Hunter, A. (2008). Research Gate. Obtenido de https://www.researchgate.net/profile/Anthony_Hunter/publication/220907500_Elements_of_Argumentation/links/544e27410cf26dda088e4f35.pdfBrown, H. (2000). Principles of Language Learning and Teaching. New York: Longman.Bruner, J. (1960). The process of education. Oxford: Harvard Univer. Press.Bryman, A. (2012). Social Research Methods. (4th Edition). Recuperado el May de 2019, de https://books.google.com.co/books?id=vCq5m2hPkOMC&printsec=frontcover&dq=Social+Research+Methods+BY+Bryman&hl=en&sa=X&ei=orVSU5fyIInnsASUkYD4Dw&ved=0CCoQ6AEwAA#v=onepage&q=Social%20Research%20Methods%20BY%20Brym%20an&f=trueBurns, A. (1999). Collaborative Action Research for English Language Teacher. (C. U. Press, Ed.) United Kingdom.Burns, A., & Joyce, H. (1997). Focus on speaking. Sidney: National center for English Language Teaching and Research.Bygate, M. (2001). Speaking. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press.Check, J., & Schutt, R. (2012). Survey Research. Oaks: Sage publications.Clem, A. (2006). Kurt Lewin and the Origins of Action Research. Recuperado el June de 2019, de https://www.tandfonline.com/doi/pdf/10.1080/0965079930010102Cohen, L., Manion, L., & Morrison, K. (2007). Research Methods in Education, Sixth Edition. Recuperado el 30 de May de 2019, de http://gtu.ge/Agro-Lib/RESEARCH%20METHOD%20COHEN%20ok.pdfCohen, L., Marion, L., & Morrison, K. (2007). Research methods in education. Recuperado el May de 2019, de http://gtu.ge/Agro-Lib/RESEARCH%20METHOD%20COHEN%20ok.pdfColegio Prado Veraniego IED. (2010). PEI 2018 Prado Veraniego. Recuperado el March de 2019, de file:///C:/Users/VANEGAS/Downloads/PEI%20%202018%20PRADO%20VERANIEGO%20(4).pdfCreswell, J. W. (2009). Research design: Qualitative, quantitative, and mixed methods approaches (3rd ed.). Los Angeles: Sage.Cruz Anzola, K. P. (2016). Improving communicative skills promote communication. Recuperado el March de 2019, de http://repositorio.pedagogica.edu.co/bitstream/handle/20.500.12209/3227/TE-19097.pdf?sequence=1&isAllowed=yEsquivel Gómez, L. (2019). Gamification: a mission to foster students’ engagement and interaction in the EFL classroom . Obtenido de http://repositorio.pedagogica.edu.co/bitstream/handle/20.500.12209/10368/TE-23309.pdf?sequence=1&isAllowed=yFerrance, E. (2000). Action research. Recuperado el May de 2019, de https://www.brown.edu/academics/education-alliance/sites/brown.edu.academics.education-alliance/files/publications/act_research.pdfFerraro, G. (1998). The Cultural Dimension of International Business. New Jersey: Prentice Hall.Granados Beltrán, C. (2016). Critical Interculturality. A Path for Preservice ELT Teachers. íkala, Revista de Lenguaje y Cultura, 21, 171-187.Gutierrez Gutierrez, D. (2005). Developing Oral Skills through Communicative and Interactive Tasks. Recuperado el April de 2019, de http://infonomics-society.org/wp-content/uploads/licej/published- papers/special-issue-volume-2-2013/Language-Learning-Enhanced-by-Music-and- Song.pdfJAC Suba. (19 de junio de 2013). Reseña Barrio Prado Veraniego. Recuperado el marzo de 2019, de http://www.infosuba.org/contenido/resenia/16.pdfM, R., L, R., & L, E. (2000). Intrinsic and Extrinsic Motivations: Classic Definitions and New Directions. University of Rochester.Maryer, A., & Hincapié, A. (2015). life stories: a way to develop critical thinking in EFL sixth grade learners. Recuperado el March de 2019, de http://repositorio.pedagogica.edu.co/bitstream/handle/20.500.12209/1173/TO-%2017941.pdf?sequence=1&isAllowed=yMcNamara, C. (1999). General Guidelines for Conducting Interviews, Authenticity Consulting. Recuperado el 2019, de http://www.managementhelp.org/evaluatn/intrview.htmMinisterio de Educación Nacional MEN. (2006). Formar en lenguas extranjeras ¡el reto! Recuperado el April de 2019, de https://www.mineducacion.gov.co/1621/articles-115174_archivo_pdf.pdfMoran, P. (2001). Teaching culture: perspectives in practice. Ontario : Heinle & Heinle.Morris, M., Leung, K., Ames, D., & Lickel, B. (1999). 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New York: Open University Press.THUMBNAILBoosting argumentative oral skills.pdf.jpgBoosting argumentative oral skills.pdf.jpgIM Thumbnailimage/jpeg2891http://repository.pedagogica.edu.co/bitstream/20.500.12209/12137/11/Boosting%20argumentative%20oral%20skills.pdf.jpgfbce23485aaa829b7dcf86256763c8bcMD511LICENSElicense.txtlicense.txttext/plain; charset=utf-81748http://repository.pedagogica.edu.co/bitstream/20.500.12209/12137/9/license.txt8a4605be74aa9ea9d79846c1fba20a33MD59Licencia de uso Natalia.pdfLicencia de uso Natalia.pdfapplication/pdf453456http://repository.pedagogica.edu.co/bitstream/20.500.12209/12137/10/Licencia%20de%20uso%20Natalia.pdf4d3be7cfa317b143ba8ea6e0f655d257MD510ORIGINALBoosting argumentative oral skills.pdfBoosting argumentative oral skills.pdfTesis de gradoapplication/pdf1808370http://repository.pedagogica.edu.co/bitstream/20.500.12209/12137/7/Boosting%20argumentative%20oral%20skills.pdf46068cb0f093b6ae63d3ff3dd7901012MD5720.500.12209/12137oai:repository.pedagogica.edu.co:20.500.12209/121372023-09-01 15:55:40.37Repositorio Institucional Universidad Pedagógica Nacionalrepositorio@pedagogica.edu.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 |