Los acuerdos comerciales bilaterales : el caso colombiano (1990-2015)

Páginas 117-149.

Autores:: Rojas Sánchez, Carolina
Gómez Olaya, Álvaro Pío

Tipo de recurso:: Article of journal

Fecha de publicación:: 2018

Institución:: Universidad Pedagógica y Tecnológica de Colombia

Repositorio:: RiUPTC: Repositorio Institucional UPTC

Idioma:: spa

id	REPOUPTC2_f9e7189b938e7c6fb318904ed4a53db8
oai_identifier_str	oai:repositorio.uptc.edu.co:001/2064
network_acronym_str	REPOUPTC2
network_name_str	RiUPTC: Repositorio Institucional UPTC
repository_id_str
dc.title.spa.fl_str_mv	Los acuerdos comerciales bilaterales : el caso colombiano (1990-2015)
dc.title.alternative.eng.fl_str_mv	Bilateral Trade Agreements : the Colombian Case (1990-2015) Acordos comerciais bilaterais : o caso colombiano (1990-2015)
title	Los acuerdos comerciales bilaterales : el caso colombiano (1990-2015)
spellingShingle	Los acuerdos comerciales bilaterales : el caso colombiano (1990-2015) Tratado de Libre Comercio Política económica Tratados comerciales Economía internacional Negociaciones comerciales Política comercial - Colombia Integración regional Acuerdos de Libre Comercio (TLC) Evaluación de política comercial Bilateralismo “eje-radios”
title_short	Los acuerdos comerciales bilaterales : el caso colombiano (1990-2015)
title_full	Los acuerdos comerciales bilaterales : el caso colombiano (1990-2015)
title_fullStr	Los acuerdos comerciales bilaterales : el caso colombiano (1990-2015)
title_full_unstemmed	Los acuerdos comerciales bilaterales : el caso colombiano (1990-2015)
title_sort	Los acuerdos comerciales bilaterales : el caso colombiano (1990-2015)
dc.creator.fl_str_mv	Rojas Sánchez, Carolina Gómez Olaya, Álvaro Pío
dc.contributor.author.none.fl_str_mv	Rojas Sánchez, Carolina Gómez Olaya, Álvaro Pío
dc.subject.lemb.none.fl_str_mv	Tratado de Libre Comercio Política económica Tratados comerciales Economía internacional Negociaciones comerciales Política comercial - Colombia Integración regional
topic	Tratado de Libre Comercio Política económica Tratados comerciales Economía internacional Negociaciones comerciales Política comercial - Colombia Integración regional Acuerdos de Libre Comercio (TLC) Evaluación de política comercial Bilateralismo “eje-radios”
dc.subject.proposal.spa.fl_str_mv	Acuerdos de Libre Comercio (TLC) Evaluación de política comercial Bilateralismo “eje-radios”
description	Páginas 117-149.
publishDate	2018
dc.date.accessioned.none.fl_str_mv	2018-06-27T21:07:29Z
dc.date.available.none.fl_str_mv	2018-06-27T21:07:29Z
dc.date.issued.none.fl_str_mv	2018-02-06
dc.type.spa.fl_str_mv	Artículo de revista
dc.type.coar.fl_str_mv	http://purl.org/coar/resource_type/c_2df8fbb1
dc.type.coar.spa.fl_str_mv	http://purl.org/coar/resource_type/c_6501
dc.type.driver.spa.fl_str_mv	info:eu-repo/semantics/article
dc.type.version.spa.fl_str_mv	info:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersion
dc.type.content.spa.fl_str_mv	Text
dc.type.redcol.spa.fl_str_mv	https://purl.org/redcol/resource_type/ART
dc.type.coarversion.spa.fl_str_mv	http://purl.org/coar/version/c_970fb48d4fbd8a85
format	http://purl.org/coar/resource_type/c_6501
status_str	publishedVersion
dc.identifier.citation.spa.fl_str_mv	Rojas Sánchez, C. & Rojas Sánchez, A. P. (2018). Los acuerdos comerciales bilaterales: el caso colombiano (1990-2015). Revista Apuntes del CENES, 37(65), 117-149. https://doi.org/10.19053/01203053.v37.n65.2018.5961. http://repositorio.uptc.edu.co/handle/001/2064
dc.identifier.issn.none.fl_str_mv	0120-3053 2256-5779 En línea
dc.identifier.uri.none.fl_str_mv	https://repositorio.uptc.edu.co/handle/001/2064
dc.identifier.doi.none.fl_str_mv	10.19053/01203053.v37.n65.2018.5961
identifier_str_mv	Rojas Sánchez, C. & Rojas Sánchez, A. P. (2018). Los acuerdos comerciales bilaterales: el caso colombiano (1990-2015). Revista Apuntes del CENES, 37(65), 117-149. https://doi.org/10.19053/01203053.v37.n65.2018.5961. http://repositorio.uptc.edu.co/handle/001/2064 0120-3053 2256-5779 En línea 10.19053/01203053.v37.n65.2018.5961
url	https://repositorio.uptc.edu.co/handle/001/2064
dc.language.iso.spa.fl_str_mv	spa
language	spa
dc.relation.references.spa.fl_str_mv	Adam, A., Kosma, T. & McHugh, J. (2003). Trade-Liberalization Strategies: What Could Southeastern Europe Learn from the CEFTA and BFTA? IMF Working Paper 3(239), 1-31. https://doi.org/10.5089/9781451875799.001 Alba, J., Jung, H. & Park, D. (2010). Do Hub-and-Spoke Free Trade Agreements Increase Trade? A Panel Data Analysis. ADB Working Paper Series on Regional Economic Integration 46, 1-24. Baldwin, R. (1995). A Domino Theory of Regionalism. In Expanding Membership of the European Union (pp. 25–48). New York: Cambridge University Press. https://doi.org/10.1017/CBO9780511983368.003 Baldwin, R. (2004). The Spoke Trap: Hub and Spoke Bilateralism in East Asia. Seoul-Korea: CNAEC Research Series. Bhagwati, J. (1995). US Trade Policy: The Infatuation with FTAs. Discussion Paper Series 726. NY: Columbia University. Cardona, D. (2001). La política exterior de la administración Pastrana (1998- 2000): Hacia una evaluación preliminar. Colombia Internacional, (53), 53-74. Carrillo, C. & Carmen, A. L. (2002). Trade Blocks and the Gravity Model: Evidence from Latin American Countries. Journal Economics Integration, 19(4), 667-689. https://doi.org/10.11130/jei.2004.19.4.667 Chen, L. (2008). The Market Driven Trade Liberalization and East Asian Regional Integration. HEID Working Paper, (12), 1-38. Chen, L. & Lombaerde, P. (2011). Regional Production Sharing Networks and Hub-ness in Latin America and East Asia: A Long Term-Perspective. Integration & Trade, 15 (32), 17-34. Chong Yuen y Hur Jung. 2008. Small Hubs, Large Spokes and Overlapping Free Trade Agreements The World Economy, 31, 1625-1665. Cornejo, R. & Harris, J. (2007). Convergence in Rule of Origin Spaguetti Bowl: A Methodology Proposal. Working Paper. Washington D.C.: InterAmerican Development Bank, Trade and Integration Sector 34. Correia, J. (2008). The Determinants of Colombian Exports: An Empirical Analysis Using the Gravity Model. Desarrollo y Sociedad, (61), 165-206. Deltas, G., Desmet, K. & Facchini, G. (2006). Hub-and-Spoke Free Trade Areas. Discussion paper series, (5960), 1-33. Deltas, G., Desmet, K. & Facchini, G. (2012). Hub-and-Spoke Free Trade Areas: Theory and Evidence from Israel. Canadian Journal of Economics, 45(3), 942–977. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1540-5982.2012.01722.x De Santis, R., De Benedictis, L. & Vicarelli, C. (2005). Hub-and-Spoke or Else? Free Trade Agreements in the ‘Enlarged’ European Union. The European Journal of Comparative Economics, ISAE Working Paper, 2(52), 245-260. Guacaneme, R. E. (2011). ¿Influyó la teoría de libre comercio de Mises en la apertura económica colombiana? (1990–2005). Revista Civilizar de Empresa y Economía, (3), 1-35. Kowalczyk, C. & Wonnacott, R.J. (1992). Hubs and Spokes, and Free Trade in the Americas. NBER Working Paper, (4198), 1-33. Laaser, C. F. & Schrader, K. (2002). European Integration and Changing Trade Patterns: The Case of the Baltic States. Kiel Working Paper, (1088), 1-51. Lee, J.W., Park, I. & Shin, K. (2008). Proliferating Regional Trade Arrangements: Why and Whither? The World Economy, 31(12), 1525–1557. https://doi. org/10.1111/j.1467-9701.2008.01143.x Lloyd, P. & Maclaren, D. (2004). Gains and Losses from Regional Trading Agreements. A Survey Economic Record, 80, 445-467. https://doi.org/10.1111/ j.1475-4932.2004.00202.x Lombaerde, P. & Garay, J.L. (2009). La economía política de la integración regional: el caso de Colombia. UNU CRIS Workig Papers, (20), 1-52. Maldonado, M. I. (2014). Las reglas de origen en los tratados de libre comercio. Revista de Derecho, (41), 32-50. Martin, C. & Turrion, J. (2001). The Trade Impact of the Integration of the CEECs on EU. European Economy Group, (11), 1-26. Menon, J. 2008. Dealing with the Proliferation of Trade Agreements. Discussion Paper Serie APEC Study 60. NY: Columbia University. Organización Mundial del Comercio –OMC- (2017). Los principios del sistema de comercio. Recuperado de https://www.wto.org/spanish/thewto_s/whatis_ s/tif_s/fact2_s.htm Paas, T. (2003). Regional Integration and International Trade in the Context of EU Eastward Enlargement. HWWA Discussion Paper, (218), 1-30. Park, I. & Park, S. (2009). Free Trade Agreements versus Customs Unions: An Examination of East Asia. Asian Economic Paper, 8(2), 119-139. https:// doi.org/10.1162/asep.2009.8.2.119 United Nations Commodity Trade Statistics Database –UNCOMTRADE- (2017). UN Comtrade Data Base. Retrieved from https://comtrade.un.org/ Vallejo, H. (2006). El TLC andino en el contexto de Colombia. Documento CEDE, (10), 1-29. Wonnacott, P. & Wonnacott, R.J. (1982). Free Trade between the United States y Canada: Fifteen Years Later. Canadian Public Policy, 8, 412-427. https:// doi.org/10.2307/3549620 Wonnacott, P. & Wonnacott, R. J. (1995). Liberalization in the Western Hemisphere: New Challenges in the Design of a Free Trade Agreement. North American Journal of Economics & Finance, 6, 107-119. https://doi. org/10.1016/1062-9408(95)90012-8 Wonnacott, R. J. (1996). Free-Trade Agreements: For Better or Worse? The American Economic Review, 86(2), 62-66.
dc.rights.spa.fl_str_mv	Copyright (c) 2018 Universidad Pedagógica y Tecnológica de Colombia
dc.rights.uri.spa.fl_str_mv	https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/4.0/
dc.rights.accessrights.spa.fl_str_mv	info:eu-repo/semantics/openAccess
dc.rights.creativecommons.spa.fl_str_mv	Atribución-NoComercial 4.0 Internacional (CC BY-NC 4.0)
dc.rights.coar.spa.fl_str_mv	http://purl.org/coar/access_right/c_abf2
rights_invalid_str_mv	Copyright (c) 2018 Universidad Pedagógica y Tecnológica de Colombia https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/4.0/ Atribución-NoComercial 4.0 Internacional (CC BY-NC 4.0) http://purl.org/coar/access_right/c_abf2
eu_rights_str_mv	openAccess
dc.format.mimetype.spa.fl_str_mv	application/pdf
dc.publisher.spa.fl_str_mv	Universidad Pedagógica y Tecnológica de Colombia
dc.source.spa.fl_str_mv	https://revistas.uptc.edu.co/index.php/cenes/article/view/7122/6042
institution	Universidad Pedagógica y Tecnológica de Colombia
bitstream.url.fl_str_mv	https://repositorio.uptc.edu.co/bitstreams/5b41e9ee-a19f-48a8-b8b6-897cf89c95df/download https://repositorio.uptc.edu.co/bitstreams/ee0de884-a004-46a4-bf55-76b74d73ddd6/download https://repositorio.uptc.edu.co/bitstreams/ce1db8a7-3a22-448b-a74e-e6555c5220f7/download https://repositorio.uptc.edu.co/bitstreams/10ca8a1d-4a8d-477f-8b37-67de86d0b361/download https://repositorio.uptc.edu.co/bitstreams/eb10475d-d9ac-4fd9-885a-bc4d31448cc3/download https://repositorio.uptc.edu.co/bitstreams/35c56500-6018-4b4a-85c9-205519c4c993/download
bitstream.checksum.fl_str_mv	23c73058d0c43e9f26ef6e2b9681f68a 8a4605be74aa9ea9d79846c1fba20a33 e05bad0d47289a52f6a612b0e4fe4099 e05bad0d47289a52f6a612b0e4fe4099 0608d789857d267f98691fe00a2cdf50 0608d789857d267f98691fe00a2cdf50
bitstream.checksumAlgorithm.fl_str_mv	MD5 MD5 MD5 MD5 MD5 MD5
repository.name.fl_str_mv	UPTC DSpace
repository.mail.fl_str_mv	repositorio.uptc@uptc.edu.co
_version_	1814076230224314368
spelling	Rojas Sánchez, CarolinaGómez Olaya, Álvaro Pío2018-06-27T21:07:29Z2018-06-27T21:07:29Z2018-02-06Rojas Sánchez, C. & Rojas Sánchez, A. P. (2018). Los acuerdos comerciales bilaterales: el caso colombiano (1990-2015). Revista Apuntes del CENES, 37(65), 117-149. https://doi.org/10.19053/01203053.v37.n65.2018.5961. http://repositorio.uptc.edu.co/handle/001/20640120-30532256-5779 En líneahttps://repositorio.uptc.edu.co/handle/001/206410.19053/01203053.v37.n65.2018.5961Páginas 117-149.A proliferação de acordos comerciais bilaterais criou um fenômeno conhecido na literatura como “organização regional em eixos” ou bilateralismo “eixo-rádios” (hub-spoke). Neste contexto, a política comercial da Colômbia está orientada para a assinatura de acordos comerciais bilaterais. O artigo avalia a política de assinatura de acordos bilaterais implementados pela Colômbia entre 1990-2015. Os fluxos comerciais entre a Colômbia e vários países são analisados aplicando o índice HM da Baldwin (2004) e a matriz da Chen (2008) que permitem medir a organização regional do comércio em eixos, e verificou-se que um sistema de economias foi consolidado e rádios. Os resultados obtidos questionam a política de assinatura de acordos colombianos.La proliferación de acuerdos comerciales bilaterales ha creado un fenómeno conocido en la literatura como “organización regional en ejes” o bilateralismo “eje-radios” (hub-spoke). En este contexto, la política comercial de Colombia está orientada hacia la firma de acuerdos comerciales bilaterales. El artículo evalúa la política de firma de acuerdos bilaterales implementada por Colombia entre 1990-2015. Se analizan los flujos comerciales entre Colombia y diversos países aplicando el índice HM de Baldwin (2004) y la matriz de Chen (2008), que permiten medir la organización regional del comercio en ejes. Se encuentra que se ha consolidado un sistema de economías ejes y radios. Los resultados obtenidos cuestionan la política de firma de acuerdos colombiana.The proliferation of bilateral trade agreements has created a phenomenon known in the literature as “hub and spoke” bilateralism. In this context, Colombia’s trade policy is geared towards the signing of bilateral trade agreements. This article evaluates the policy of signing bilateral agreements implemented by Colombia between 1990 and 2015. We analyse trade flows between Colombia and several countries using Baldwin’s HM index of hub-ness (2004) and the matrix of Chen (2008). The results obtained question the Colombian policy of signing trade agreements.Artículo de investigación revisado por pares.Clasificación en el Journal of Economic Literature (JEL): F13, F14, F15.application/pdfspaUniversidad Pedagógica y Tecnológica de ColombiaCopyright (c) 2018 Universidad Pedagógica y Tecnológica de Colombiahttps://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/4.0/info:eu-repo/semantics/openAccessAtribución-NoComercial 4.0 Internacional (CC BY-NC 4.0)http://purl.org/coar/access_right/c_abf2https://revistas.uptc.edu.co/index.php/cenes/article/view/7122/6042Los acuerdos comerciales bilaterales : el caso colombiano (1990-2015)Bilateral Trade Agreements : the Colombian Case (1990-2015)Acordos comerciais bilaterais : o caso colombiano (1990-2015)Artículo de revistahttp://purl.org/coar/resource_type/c_6501http://purl.org/coar/resource_type/c_2df8fbb1info:eu-repo/semantics/articleinfo:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersionTexthttps://purl.org/redcol/resource_type/ARThttp://purl.org/coar/version/c_970fb48d4fbd8a85Tratado de Libre ComercioPolítica económicaTratados comercialesEconomía internacionalNegociaciones comercialesPolítica comercial - ColombiaIntegración regionalAcuerdos de Libre Comercio (TLC)Evaluación de política comercialBilateralismo “eje-radios”Adam, A., Kosma, T. & McHugh, J. (2003). Trade-Liberalization Strategies: What Could Southeastern Europe Learn from the CEFTA and BFTA? IMF Working Paper 3(239), 1-31. https://doi.org/10.5089/9781451875799.001Alba, J., Jung, H. & Park, D. (2010). Do Hub-and-Spoke Free Trade Agreements Increase Trade? A Panel Data Analysis. ADB Working Paper Series on Regional Economic Integration 46, 1-24.Baldwin, R. (1995). A Domino Theory of Regionalism. In Expanding Membership of the European Union (pp. 25–48). New York: Cambridge University Press. https://doi.org/10.1017/CBO9780511983368.003Baldwin, R. (2004). The Spoke Trap: Hub and Spoke Bilateralism in East Asia. Seoul-Korea: CNAEC Research Series.Bhagwati, J. (1995). US Trade Policy: The Infatuation with FTAs. Discussion Paper Series 726. NY: Columbia University.Cardona, D. (2001). La política exterior de la administración Pastrana (1998- 2000): Hacia una evaluación preliminar. Colombia Internacional, (53), 53-74.Carrillo, C. & Carmen, A. L. (2002). Trade Blocks and the Gravity Model: Evidence from Latin American Countries. Journal Economics Integration, 19(4), 667-689. https://doi.org/10.11130/jei.2004.19.4.667Chen, L. (2008). The Market Driven Trade Liberalization and East Asian Regional Integration. HEID Working Paper, (12), 1-38.Chen, L. & Lombaerde, P. (2011). Regional Production Sharing Networks and Hub-ness in Latin America and East Asia: A Long Term-Perspective. Integration & Trade, 15 (32), 17-34.Chong Yuen y Hur Jung. 2008. Small Hubs, Large Spokes and Overlapping Free Trade Agreements The World Economy, 31, 1625-1665.Cornejo, R. & Harris, J. (2007). Convergence in Rule of Origin Spaguetti Bowl: A Methodology Proposal. Working Paper. Washington D.C.: InterAmerican Development Bank, Trade and Integration Sector 34.Correia, J. (2008). The Determinants of Colombian Exports: An Empirical Analysis Using the Gravity Model. Desarrollo y Sociedad, (61), 165-206.Deltas, G., Desmet, K. & Facchini, G. (2006). Hub-and-Spoke Free Trade Areas. Discussion paper series, (5960), 1-33.Deltas, G., Desmet, K. & Facchini, G. (2012). Hub-and-Spoke Free Trade Areas: Theory and Evidence from Israel. Canadian Journal of Economics, 45(3), 942–977. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1540-5982.2012.01722.xDe Santis, R., De Benedictis, L. & Vicarelli, C. (2005). Hub-and-Spoke or Else? Free Trade Agreements in the ‘Enlarged’ European Union. The European Journal of Comparative Economics, ISAE Working Paper, 2(52), 245-260.Guacaneme, R. E. (2011). ¿Influyó la teoría de libre comercio de Mises en la apertura económica colombiana? (1990–2005). Revista Civilizar de Empresa y Economía, (3), 1-35.Kowalczyk, C. & Wonnacott, R.J. (1992). Hubs and Spokes, and Free Trade in the Americas. NBER Working Paper, (4198), 1-33.Laaser, C. F. & Schrader, K. (2002). European Integration and Changing Trade Patterns: The Case of the Baltic States. Kiel Working Paper, (1088), 1-51.Lee, J.W., Park, I. & Shin, K. (2008). Proliferating Regional Trade Arrangements: Why and Whither? The World Economy, 31(12), 1525–1557. https://doi. org/10.1111/j.1467-9701.2008.01143.xLloyd, P. & Maclaren, D. (2004). Gains and Losses from Regional Trading Agreements. A Survey Economic Record, 80, 445-467. https://doi.org/10.1111/ j.1475-4932.2004.00202.xLombaerde, P. & Garay, J.L. (2009). La economía política de la integración regional: el caso de Colombia. UNU CRIS Workig Papers, (20), 1-52.Maldonado, M. I. (2014). Las reglas de origen en los tratados de libre comercio. Revista de Derecho, (41), 32-50.Martin, C. & Turrion, J. (2001). The Trade Impact of the Integration of the CEECs on EU. European Economy Group, (11), 1-26.Menon, J. 2008. Dealing with the Proliferation of Trade Agreements. Discussion Paper Serie APEC Study 60. NY: Columbia University.Organización Mundial del Comercio –OMC- (2017). Los principios del sistema de comercio. Recuperado de https://www.wto.org/spanish/thewto_s/whatis_ s/tif_s/fact2_s.htmPaas, T. (2003). Regional Integration and International Trade in the Context of EU Eastward Enlargement. HWWA Discussion Paper, (218), 1-30.Park, I. & Park, S. (2009). Free Trade Agreements versus Customs Unions: An Examination of East Asia. Asian Economic Paper, 8(2), 119-139. https:// doi.org/10.1162/asep.2009.8.2.119United Nations Commodity Trade Statistics Database –UNCOMTRADE- (2017). UN Comtrade Data Base. Retrieved from https://comtrade.un.org/Vallejo, H. (2006). El TLC andino en el contexto de Colombia. Documento CEDE, (10), 1-29.Wonnacott, P. & Wonnacott, R.J. (1982). Free Trade between the United States y Canada: Fifteen Years Later. Canadian Public Policy, 8, 412-427. https:// doi.org/10.2307/3549620Wonnacott, P. & Wonnacott, R. J. (1995). Liberalization in the Western Hemisphere: New Challenges in the Design of a Free Trade Agreement. North American Journal of Economics & Finance, 6, 107-119. https://doi. org/10.1016/1062-9408(95)90012-8Wonnacott, R. J. (1996). Free-Trade Agreements: For Better or Worse? The American Economic Review, 86(2), 62-66.ORIGINALPPS_688_Los_acuerdos_comerciales.pdfPPS_688_Los_acuerdos_comerciales.pdfArchivo principalapplication/pdf1333718https://repositorio.uptc.edu.co/bitstreams/5b41e9ee-a19f-48a8-b8b6-897cf89c95df/download23c73058d0c43e9f26ef6e2b9681f68aMD51LICENSElicense.txtlicense.txttext/plain; charset=utf-81748https://repositorio.uptc.edu.co/bitstreams/ee0de884-a004-46a4-bf55-76b74d73ddd6/download8a4605be74aa9ea9d79846c1fba20a33MD52TEXTPPS-688.pdf.txtPPS-688.pdf.txtExtracted texttext/plain65919https://repositorio.uptc.edu.co/bitstreams/ce1db8a7-3a22-448b-a74e-e6555c5220f7/downloade05bad0d47289a52f6a612b0e4fe4099MD53PPS_688_Los_acuerdos_comerciales.pdf.txtPPS_688_Los_acuerdos_comerciales.pdf.txtExtracted texttext/plain65919https://repositorio.uptc.edu.co/bitstreams/10ca8a1d-4a8d-477f-8b37-67de86d0b361/downloade05bad0d47289a52f6a612b0e4fe4099MD55THUMBNAILPPS-688.pdf.jpgPPS-688.pdf.jpgGenerated Thumbnailimage/jpeg4598https://repositorio.uptc.edu.co/bitstreams/eb10475d-d9ac-4fd9-885a-bc4d31448cc3/download0608d789857d267f98691fe00a2cdf50MD54PPS_688_Los_acuerdos_comerciales.pdf.jpgPPS_688_Los_acuerdos_comerciales.pdf.jpgGenerated Thumbnailimage/jpeg4598https://repositorio.uptc.edu.co/bitstreams/35c56500-6018-4b4a-85c9-205519c4c993/download0608d789857d267f98691fe00a2cdf50MD56001/2064oai:repositorio.uptc.edu.co:001/20642021-02-10 18:53:53.236https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/4.0/Copyright (c) 2018 Universidad Pedagógica y Tecnológica de Colombiaopen.accesshttps://repositorio.uptc.edu.coUPTC DSpacerepositorio.uptc@uptc.edu.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

Los acuerdos comerciales bilaterales : el caso colombiano (1990-2015)

Publicaciones similares