Rice husk substrates and pruning time for gypsophila production

1 recurso en línea (páginas 475-483).

Autores:
Höhn, Daniela
Nogueira Peil, Roberta Marins
Perin, Lais
Marchi, Priscila Monalisa
Grolli, Paulo Roberto
Radtke Wieth, Albertina
Tipo de recurso:
Article of journal
Fecha de publicación:
2018
Institución:
Universidad Pedagógica y Tecnológica de Colombia
Repositorio:
RiUPTC: Repositorio Institucional UPTC
Idioma:
eng
OAI Identifier:
oai:repositorio.uptc.edu.co:001/2914
Acceso en línea:
http://repositorio.uptc.edu.co/handle/001/2914
Palabra clave:
Gypsofilia: Gy. - Cultivopsophila sp
Gypsofilia: Gy. - Cultivopsophila sp - Cultivo
Gypsofilia - Poda
Agrosavia
Flower stems
Yield
Fertirrigation
Alternative production systems
Leaching recirculation
Rights
openAccess
License
Copyright (c) 2018 Universidad Pedagógica y Tecnológica de Colombia
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dc.title.spa.fl_str_mv Rice husk substrates and pruning time for gypsophila production
dc.title.alternative.spa.fl_str_mv Sustratos de cascarilla de arroz y momento de la poda en la producción de gypsophila
title Rice husk substrates and pruning time for gypsophila production
spellingShingle Rice husk substrates and pruning time for gypsophila production
Gypsofilia: Gy. - Cultivopsophila sp
Gypsofilia: Gy. - Cultivopsophila sp - Cultivo
Gypsofilia - Poda
Agrosavia
Flower stems
Yield
Fertirrigation
Alternative production systems
Leaching recirculation
title_short Rice husk substrates and pruning time for gypsophila production
title_full Rice husk substrates and pruning time for gypsophila production
title_fullStr Rice husk substrates and pruning time for gypsophila production
title_full_unstemmed Rice husk substrates and pruning time for gypsophila production
title_sort Rice husk substrates and pruning time for gypsophila production
dc.creator.fl_str_mv Höhn, Daniela
Nogueira Peil, Roberta Marins
Perin, Lais
Marchi, Priscila Monalisa
Grolli, Paulo Roberto
Radtke Wieth, Albertina
dc.contributor.author.none.fl_str_mv Höhn, Daniela
Nogueira Peil, Roberta Marins
Perin, Lais
Marchi, Priscila Monalisa
Grolli, Paulo Roberto
Radtke Wieth, Albertina
dc.subject.armarc.none.fl_str_mv Gypsofilia: Gy. - Cultivopsophila sp
Gypsofilia: Gy. - Cultivopsophila sp - Cultivo
Gypsofilia - Poda
topic Gypsofilia: Gy. - Cultivopsophila sp
Gypsofilia: Gy. - Cultivopsophila sp - Cultivo
Gypsofilia - Poda
Agrosavia
Flower stems
Yield
Fertirrigation
Alternative production systems
Leaching recirculation
dc.subject.armarc.spa.fl_str_mv Agrosavia
dc.subject.proposal.spa.fl_str_mv Flower stems
Yield
Fertirrigation
Alternative production systems
Leaching recirculation
description 1 recurso en línea (páginas 475-483).
publishDate 2018
dc.date.issued.none.fl_str_mv 2018-09-20
dc.date.accessioned.none.fl_str_mv 2019-11-06T19:51:04Z
dc.date.available.none.fl_str_mv 2019-11-06T19:51:04Z
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dc.identifier.citation.spa.fl_str_mv Höhn, D. y otros. (2018). Rice husk substrates and pruning time for gypsophila production. Revista Colombiana de Ciencias Hortícolas, 12(2), 475-483. DOI: http://doi.org/10.17584/rcch.2018v12i2.7894. http://repositorio.uptc.edu.co/handle/001/2914
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dc.identifier.doi.none.fl_str_mv 10.17584/rcch.2018v12i2.7894
identifier_str_mv Höhn, D. y otros. (2018). Rice husk substrates and pruning time for gypsophila production. Revista Colombiana de Ciencias Hortícolas, 12(2), 475-483. DOI: http://doi.org/10.17584/rcch.2018v12i2.7894. http://repositorio.uptc.edu.co/handle/001/2914
2422-3719
10.17584/rcch.2018v12i2.7894
url http://repositorio.uptc.edu.co/handle/001/2914
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dc.relation.references.spa.fl_str_mv Andriolo, J.L., D.I. Jänisch, C.S. Oliveira, C. Cocco, O.J. Schmitt, and F.L. Cardoso. 2009. Cultivo sem solo do morangueiro com três métodos de fertirrigação. Ciênc. Rural 39(3), 691-695. Doi: 10.1590/ S0103-84782009005000009
Da Costa, J.C.F., R.M.N. Mendonça, L.F. Fernandes, F.P. Oliveira, and D. Santos. 2017. Caracterização física de substratos orgânicos para o enraizamento de estacas de goiabeira. Rev. Bras. Agropecu. Sustent. 7(2), 16-23. Doi: 10.21206/rbas.v7i2.390
Dorajeerao, A.V.D. and A.N. Mokashi. 2013. Growth analysis as influenced by pinching time in garland chrysanthemum (Chrysanthemum coronarium L.). Global J. Bio-Sci. Biotechnol. 2(1), 242-247.
Ferreira, E.A., M. Pasqual, V. Mendonça, and N.F. Pires. 2008. Influencia de diferentes substratos e fertilizantes na aclimatação de plantas de figueira (Ficus Carica L.). Rev. Caatinga 21(5), 64-68.
Ibraflor (Instituto Brasileiro de Floricultura). 2016. Critério de classificação Gypsophila paniculata. In: http:// www.ibraflor.com/publicacoes/vw.php?cod=163; consulted: October, 2017.
Girardi, L.B., M.X. Peiter, R.A. Bellé, F.A. Backes, F.S. Soares, and I. Valmorbida. 2012. Disponibilidade hídrica e seus efeitos sobre o desenvolvimento radicular e a produção de Gypsophila envasada em ambiente protegido. Irriga 17, 501-509. Doi: 10.15809/irriga.2012v17n4p501
Medeiros, C.A.B., A.S. Strassburger, and L.E.C. Antunes. 2008. Casca de arroz e sua carbonização para utilização em substratos. Circular Técnica. Embrapa Clima Temperado, Pelotas, Brazil.
Peil, R.M.N., A.A.R. Albuquerque Neto, and C.V. Rombaldi. 2014. Densidade de plantio e genótipos de tomateiro cereja em sistema fechado de cultivo em substrato. Hort. Bras. 32, 234-240. Doi: 10.1590/ S0102-05362014000200021
Petry, C., S. Bellé, and E.O. Calvete. 2008. Produção de gypsophila. pp. 172-178. In: Petry, C. (ed.). Plantas ornamentais aspectos para a produção. 2nd ed. Editora Universidade de Passo Fundo, Passo Fundo-RS, Brazil
Pires, R.C.M., P.R. Furlani, R.V. Ribeiro, D.B. Junior, E. Sakai, A.L. Lourenção, and A.T. Neto. 2011. Irrigation frequency and substrate volume effects in the growth and yield of tomato plants under greenhouse conditions. Sci. Agric. 68(4), 400-405. Doi: 10.1590/ S0103-90162011000400002
Sonneveld, C. and N. Straver. 1994. Nutrient solutions for vegetebles and flowers grown in water or substrates. 10th ed. Series Voeding Soplossingen Glastuinbouw. Proefstation voor Tuinbouw onder Glas, Naaldwijk, The Netherlands.
Steffen, G.P.K., Z.I. Antiniolli, R.B. Steffen, and R.G. Machado. 2010. Cáscara de arroz y estiércol bovino como sustratos para la multiplicación de lombrices de tierra y la producción de plántulas de tomate y lechuga. Acta Zool. Mex. 26, 333-343.
Wahome, P.K., T.O. Oseni, M.T. Masarirambi, and V.D. Shongwe. 2011. Effects of different hydroponics systems and growing media on the vegetative growth, yield and cut flower quality of gypsophila (Gypsophila paniculata L.). World J. Agr. Sci. 7(6), 692-698.
dc.relation.ispartofjournal.spa.fl_str_mv Revista Colombiana de Ciencias Hortícolas;Volumen 12, número 2 (Mayo-Agosto 2018)
dc.rights.spa.fl_str_mv Copyright (c) 2018 Universidad Pedagógica y Tecnológica de Colombia
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spelling Höhn, Daniela6e18f9781df7312a2978451a15ae6d9dNogueira Peil, Roberta Marinsaae007a64e6147a784fad66ac74b7f1ePerin, Lais2f764b5678a3cff7bc0a3f058bb38d53Marchi, Priscila Monalisae70b5b1612774fd782ecaef3fb66c9b5Grolli, Paulo Roberto2ea33ad86e249eda51066c330bda6062Radtke Wieth, Albertina7a28e07ce2cdfb1cd4b44d7230b17c9f2019-11-06T19:51:04Z2019-11-06T19:51:04Z2018-09-20Höhn, D. y otros. (2018). Rice husk substrates and pruning time for gypsophila production. Revista Colombiana de Ciencias Hortícolas, 12(2), 475-483. DOI: http://doi.org/10.17584/rcch.2018v12i2.7894. http://repositorio.uptc.edu.co/handle/001/29142422-3719http://repositorio.uptc.edu.co/handle/001/291410.17584/rcch.2018v12i2.78941 recurso en línea (páginas 475-483).El objetivo de esta investigación fue evaluar el crecimiento, productividad y calidad de gypsophila variedad New Amore®, cultivada en canales rellenos con sustratos y sistema con recirculación de la solución nutritiva en el sur de Brazil. Los tratamientos fueron el resultado de la combinación de cuatro sustratos [cascarilla de arroz carbonizada (CAC100%), cascarilla de arroz cruda (CACr100%), CAC + sustrato comercial orgánico S10 (Beifort®) (15%) y CACr+S10 (15%)] y dos épocas de poda (precoz y tardía). Los sustratos no afectaron la distribución de la materia seca entre las flores y los órganos vegetativos, así como el balance entre el crecimiento de la parte aérea y de las raíces. Sin embargo, el cultivo en el sustrato CACr100% redujo el crecimiento de la parte aérea, la producción y la calidad de los tallos florales. Los sustratos CAC100% y CACr+S10 pueden ser indicados para el cultivo de gypsophila debido a los buenos resultados obtenidos. La poda tardía aumentó el crecimiento, la productividad y mejoró la calidad de los tallos florales de gypsophila. Se concluye que las plantas de gypsophila se adaptaron bien al sistema de cultivo con recirculación de la solución nutritiva.This research evaluated the growth, yield and quality of gypsophila New Amore® variety grown in gutters filled with substrate in a system with leaching recirculation in southern Brazil. The treatments were the result of the combination of four substrates [carbonized rice husk (CRH100%), raw rice husk (RRH100%), CRH + organic commercial substrate S10 (Beifort®) (15%) and RRH+S10 (15%)] with two pruning times (early and late). The substrates did not affect the dry matter partitioning between the flowers and vegetative organs or the balance between the shoot and root growth. However, RRH100% reduced the shoot growth, flower stem yield and quality. The CRH100% and RRH+S10 substrates can be indicated for gypsophila cultivation once, in a general way, they presented promising results. The late pruning increased the gypsophila growth and yield and benefited the quality of the stems. The gypsophila plants adapted well to the employed crop system.Bibliografía y webgrafía: página 483application/pdfengUniversidad Pedagógica y Tecnológica de ColombiaCopyright (c) 2018 Universidad Pedagógica y Tecnológica de Colombiahttps://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0/info:eu-repo/semantics/openAccessAtribución-NoComercial-SinDerivadas 4.0 Internacional (CC BY-NC-ND 4.0)http://purl.org/coar/access_right/c_abf2https://revistas.uptc.edu.co/index.php/ciencias_horticolas/article/view/7894/7109Rice husk substrates and pruning time for gypsophila productionSustratos de cascarilla de arroz y momento de la poda en la producción de gypsophilaArtículo de revistahttp://purl.org/coar/resource_type/c_6501http://purl.org/coar/resource_type/c_2df8fbb1info:eu-repo/semantics/articleinfo:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersionTexthttps://purl.org/redcol/resource_type/ARThttp://purl.org/coar/version/c_970fb48d4fbd8a85Andriolo, J.L., D.I. Jänisch, C.S. Oliveira, C. Cocco, O.J. Schmitt, and F.L. Cardoso. 2009. Cultivo sem solo do morangueiro com três métodos de fertirrigação. Ciênc. Rural 39(3), 691-695. Doi: 10.1590/ S0103-84782009005000009Da Costa, J.C.F., R.M.N. Mendonça, L.F. Fernandes, F.P. Oliveira, and D. Santos. 2017. Caracterização física de substratos orgânicos para o enraizamento de estacas de goiabeira. Rev. Bras. Agropecu. Sustent. 7(2), 16-23. Doi: 10.21206/rbas.v7i2.390Dorajeerao, A.V.D. and A.N. Mokashi. 2013. Growth analysis as influenced by pinching time in garland chrysanthemum (Chrysanthemum coronarium L.). Global J. Bio-Sci. Biotechnol. 2(1), 242-247.Ferreira, E.A., M. Pasqual, V. Mendonça, and N.F. Pires. 2008. Influencia de diferentes substratos e fertilizantes na aclimatação de plantas de figueira (Ficus Carica L.). Rev. Caatinga 21(5), 64-68.Ibraflor (Instituto Brasileiro de Floricultura). 2016. Critério de classificação Gypsophila paniculata. In: http:// www.ibraflor.com/publicacoes/vw.php?cod=163; consulted: October, 2017.Girardi, L.B., M.X. Peiter, R.A. Bellé, F.A. Backes, F.S. Soares, and I. Valmorbida. 2012. Disponibilidade hídrica e seus efeitos sobre o desenvolvimento radicular e a produção de Gypsophila envasada em ambiente protegido. Irriga 17, 501-509. Doi: 10.15809/irriga.2012v17n4p501Medeiros, C.A.B., A.S. Strassburger, and L.E.C. Antunes. 2008. Casca de arroz e sua carbonização para utilização em substratos. Circular Técnica. Embrapa Clima Temperado, Pelotas, Brazil.Peil, R.M.N., A.A.R. Albuquerque Neto, and C.V. Rombaldi. 2014. Densidade de plantio e genótipos de tomateiro cereja em sistema fechado de cultivo em substrato. Hort. Bras. 32, 234-240. Doi: 10.1590/ S0102-05362014000200021Petry, C., S. Bellé, and E.O. Calvete. 2008. Produção de gypsophila. pp. 172-178. In: Petry, C. (ed.). Plantas ornamentais aspectos para a produção. 2nd ed. Editora Universidade de Passo Fundo, Passo Fundo-RS, BrazilPires, R.C.M., P.R. Furlani, R.V. Ribeiro, D.B. Junior, E. Sakai, A.L. Lourenção, and A.T. Neto. 2011. Irrigation frequency and substrate volume effects in the growth and yield of tomato plants under greenhouse conditions. Sci. Agric. 68(4), 400-405. Doi: 10.1590/ S0103-90162011000400002Sonneveld, C. and N. Straver. 1994. Nutrient solutions for vegetebles and flowers grown in water or substrates. 10th ed. Series Voeding Soplossingen Glastuinbouw. Proefstation voor Tuinbouw onder Glas, Naaldwijk, The Netherlands.Steffen, G.P.K., Z.I. Antiniolli, R.B. Steffen, and R.G. Machado. 2010. Cáscara de arroz y estiércol bovino como sustratos para la multiplicación de lombrices de tierra y la producción de plántulas de tomate y lechuga. Acta Zool. Mex. 26, 333-343.Wahome, P.K., T.O. Oseni, M.T. Masarirambi, and V.D. Shongwe. 2011. Effects of different hydroponics systems and growing media on the vegetative growth, yield and cut flower quality of gypsophila (Gypsophila paniculata L.). World J. Agr. Sci. 7(6), 692-698.Revista Colombiana de Ciencias Hortícolas;Volumen 12, número 2 (Mayo-Agosto 2018)Gypsofilia: Gy. - Cultivopsophila spGypsofilia: Gy. - Cultivopsophila sp - CultivoGypsofilia - PodaAgrosaviaFlower stemsYieldFertirrigationAlternative production systemsLeaching recirculationORIGINALPPS_1524_Rice_husk_substrates_and_pruning.pdfPPS_1524_Rice_husk_substrates_and_pruning.pdfArchivo principalapplication/pdf376084https://repositorio.uptc.edu.co/bitstreams/d3157cf3-519d-4923-b835-5fd3f39fd934/download38a394c868c665a6d37f6ec1fa39a7c2MD51LICENSElicense.txtlicense.txttext/plain; charset=utf-814798https://repositorio.uptc.edu.co/bitstreams/700f7254-1493-4e5d-a694-6f2459215e6f/download88794144ff048353b359a3174871b0d5MD52TEXTPPS_1524.pdf.txtPPS_1524.pdf.txtExtracted 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