Organic compost addition to raw rice husk substrate for tomato (Solanum lycopersicum) hybrid variety cultivation in a leach recirculating system
1 recurso en línea (páginas 94-103).
- Autores:
-
Carini, Fernanda
Nogueira Peil, Roberta Marins
Marques, Gabriel Nachtigal
Grolli, Paulo Roberto
Souza, Rafaela Schmidt De
- Tipo de recurso:
- Article of journal
- Fecha de publicación:
- 2018
- Institución:
- Universidad Pedagógica y Tecnológica de Colombia
- Repositorio:
- RiUPTC: Repositorio Institucional UPTC
- Idioma:
- eng
- OAI Identifier:
- oai:repositorio.uptc.edu.co:001/2890
- Acceso en línea:
- http://repositorio.uptc.edu.co/handle/001/2890
- Palabra clave:
- Tomates: Lycopersicum sculentum Mill sp
Tomates - Cultivo - Investigaciones
Tomates - Abonos orgánicos - Investigaciones
Agrosavia
Closed system
Plant growth
Fruit yield
Fruit quality
- Rights
- openAccess
- License
- Copyright (c) 2018 Universidad Pedagógica y Tecnológica de Colombia
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dc.title.spa.fl_str_mv |
Organic compost addition to raw rice husk substrate for tomato (Solanum lycopersicum) hybrid variety cultivation in a leach recirculating system |
dc.title.alternative.spa.fl_str_mv |
Adición de compost orgánico al sustrato de cáscara de arroz crudo para el cultivo de variedades híbridas de tomate (Solanum lycopersicum) en sistema con recirculación del lixiviado |
title |
Organic compost addition to raw rice husk substrate for tomato (Solanum lycopersicum) hybrid variety cultivation in a leach recirculating system |
spellingShingle |
Organic compost addition to raw rice husk substrate for tomato (Solanum lycopersicum) hybrid variety cultivation in a leach recirculating system Tomates: Lycopersicum sculentum Mill sp Tomates - Cultivo - Investigaciones Tomates - Abonos orgánicos - Investigaciones Agrosavia Closed system Plant growth Fruit yield Fruit quality |
title_short |
Organic compost addition to raw rice husk substrate for tomato (Solanum lycopersicum) hybrid variety cultivation in a leach recirculating system |
title_full |
Organic compost addition to raw rice husk substrate for tomato (Solanum lycopersicum) hybrid variety cultivation in a leach recirculating system |
title_fullStr |
Organic compost addition to raw rice husk substrate for tomato (Solanum lycopersicum) hybrid variety cultivation in a leach recirculating system |
title_full_unstemmed |
Organic compost addition to raw rice husk substrate for tomato (Solanum lycopersicum) hybrid variety cultivation in a leach recirculating system |
title_sort |
Organic compost addition to raw rice husk substrate for tomato (Solanum lycopersicum) hybrid variety cultivation in a leach recirculating system |
dc.creator.fl_str_mv |
Carini, Fernanda Nogueira Peil, Roberta Marins Marques, Gabriel Nachtigal Grolli, Paulo Roberto Souza, Rafaela Schmidt De |
dc.contributor.author.none.fl_str_mv |
Carini, Fernanda Nogueira Peil, Roberta Marins Marques, Gabriel Nachtigal Grolli, Paulo Roberto Souza, Rafaela Schmidt De |
dc.subject.armarc.none.fl_str_mv |
Tomates: Lycopersicum sculentum Mill sp Tomates - Cultivo - Investigaciones Tomates - Abonos orgánicos - Investigaciones |
topic |
Tomates: Lycopersicum sculentum Mill sp Tomates - Cultivo - Investigaciones Tomates - Abonos orgánicos - Investigaciones Agrosavia Closed system Plant growth Fruit yield Fruit quality |
dc.subject.armarc.spa.fl_str_mv |
Agrosavia |
dc.subject.proposal.spa.fl_str_mv |
Closed system Plant growth Fruit yield Fruit quality |
description |
1 recurso en línea (páginas 94-103). |
publishDate |
2018 |
dc.date.issued.none.fl_str_mv |
2018-05-02 |
dc.date.accessioned.none.fl_str_mv |
2019-10-09T15:50:28Z |
dc.date.available.none.fl_str_mv |
2019-10-09T15:50:28Z |
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Artículo de revista |
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dc.type.content.spa.fl_str_mv |
Text |
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Carini, F. y otros. (2018). Organic compost addition to raw rice husk substrate for tomato (Solanum lycopersicum) hybrid variety cultivation in a leach recirculating system. Revista Colombiana de Ciencias Hortícolas, 12(1), 94-103. DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.17584/rcch.2018v12i1.6660. http://repositorio.uptc.edu.co/handle/001/2890 |
dc.identifier.issn.none.fl_str_mv |
2422-3719 |
dc.identifier.uri.none.fl_str_mv |
http://repositorio.uptc.edu.co/handle/001/2890 |
dc.identifier.doi.none.fl_str_mv |
10.17584/rcch.2018v12i1.6660 |
identifier_str_mv |
Carini, F. y otros. (2018). Organic compost addition to raw rice husk substrate for tomato (Solanum lycopersicum) hybrid variety cultivation in a leach recirculating system. Revista Colombiana de Ciencias Hortícolas, 12(1), 94-103. DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.17584/rcch.2018v12i1.6660. http://repositorio.uptc.edu.co/handle/001/2890 2422-3719 10.17584/rcch.2018v12i1.6660 |
url |
http://repositorio.uptc.edu.co/handle/001/2890 |
dc.language.iso.spa.fl_str_mv |
eng |
language |
eng |
dc.relation.references.spa.fl_str_mv |
Aguirre, N.C. and F.A.V. Cabrera. 2012. Evaluating the fruit production and quality of cherry tomato (Solanum lycopersicum var. cerasiforme). Rev. Fac. Nac. Agron. Medellín. 65(2), 6599-6610. Alvarenga, M.A.R. 2013. Tomate: produção em campo, em casa-de-vegetação e em hidroponia. 2th. ed. UFLA, Lavras- MG, Brazil Andreuccetti, C., M.D. Ferreira, A.S.D. Guitierrez, and M. Tavares. 2004. Classificação e padronização dos tomates cv. Carmem e Débora dentro da CEGESP- SP. Eng. Agríc. 24(3), 790-798. Doi: 10.1590/ S0100-69162004000300033 Andriolo, J.L., M. Wilter, T. Dal Ross, and R.S. Godói. 2003. Crescimento e desenvolvimento do tomateiro cultivado em substrato com reutilização da solução nutritiva drenada. Hort. Bras. 21(3), 485-489. Doi: 10.1590/ S0102-05362003000300015 CEAGESP. 2003. Norma de classificação do tomate. CQC/ CEAGESP, São Paulo-SP, Brazil. Duarte, T.S., R.M.N. Peil, S. Bacchis, and A.S. Strasburguer. 2008. Efeito da carga de frutos e concentrações salinas no crescimento do meloeiro cultivado em substrato. Hortic. Bras. 26(3), 348-353. Doi: 10.1590/ S0102-05362008000300011 FAOSTAT (Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations). 2012. In: http://faostat.fao.org/ site/339/default.aspx; consulted: August, 2016. Fermino, M.H. 2014. Substratos: composição, caracterização e métodos de análise.: Agrolivros Guaíba, Porto Alegre-RS, Brazil. Ferreira, M.M.M., G.B. Ferreira, P.C.R. Fontes, and J.P. Dantas. 2006. Qualidade do tomateiro em função de doses de nitrogênio e da adubação orgânica em duas estações. Hortic. Bras. 24(2), 141-145. Doi: 10.1590/ S0102-05362006000200003 Genuncio, G.C., R.A.C. Silva, N.M, SÁ. E. Zonta, and A. P. Araújo. 2010. Produção de cultivares de tomateiro em hidroponia e fertirrigação sob razões de nitrogênio e potássio. Hortic. Bras. 28(4), 446-452. Doi: 10.1590/ S0102-05362010000400012 Guimarães, M.A., J.H., Silva, P.C.R Fontes, and A.P. Mattedi. 2008. Produtividade e sabor dos frutos de tomate do grupo salada em função de podas. Bioscience J. 24(1), 32-38. Kämpf, A.N. 2005. Produção comercial de plantas ornamentais. 2th. ed. Agrolivros Guaíba, Porto Alegre-RS, Brazil. Lima, A.A., M.A.R. Alvarenga, L. Rodrigues, and J.G. Carvalho. 2011. Concentração de nutrientes e produtividade de tomateiro cultivado sob diferentes substratos e doses de ácido húmico. Hortic. Bras. 29(1), 63-69. Doi: 10.1590/S010205362011000100011 Lucena, R.R.M., M.Z. Negreiros, J.F. Medeiros, T.M.V. Batista, A.T.M. Bessa, and W.A.R. Lopes. 2013. Acúmulo de massa seca e nutrientes pelo tomateiro ‘SM – 16 ‘cultivado em solo com diferentes coberturas. Hortic. Bras. 31(3), 401-409. Doi: 10.1590/ S0102-05362013000300010 Lúcio, A.D., F.M. Haesbaert, D. Santos, D.V. Schwertner, and R. R. Brunes. 2012. Tamanhos de amostra e de parcela para variáveis de crescimento e produtivas de tomateiro. Hortic. Bras. 30(4), 660-668. Doi: 10.1590/ S0102-05362012000400016 Marques, G.N. and R.M N. Peil. 2016. Sistemas de cultivo aberto e fechado. In: Rampazzo, E.F. (ed.). Cultivo de morangueiro em substrato. SENAR-PR, Curitiba-PR, Brazil Paula, J.T., J.T.V. Resende, M.V. Faria, A.S.T. Figueiredo, K. Schwarz, and E.R. Neumann. 2015. Características físico-químicas e compostos bioativos em frutos de tomateiro colhidos em diferentes estádios de maturação. Hortic. Bras. 33(4), 434-440 Doi: 10.1590/ S0102-053620150000400005 Peil, R.M.N., A.A.R. Albuquerque Neto, and C. V. Rombaldi. 2014. Densidade de plantio e genótipos de tomateiro cereja em sistema fechado de cultivo em substrato. Hortic. Bras. 32(2), 234-240. Doi: 10.1590/ S0102-05362014000200021 Rattin, J.E., J.L. Andriolo, and M. Witter. 2003. Acumulação de massa seca e rendimento de frutos de tomateiro cultivado em substrato com cinco doses de solução nutritiva. Hortic. Bras. 21(1), 26-30. Doi: 10.1590/ S010205362003000100005 Rocha, M.Q., R.M.N. Peil, and C. M. Cogo. 2010. Rendimento do tomate cereja em função do cacho floral e da concentração de nutrientes em hidroponia. Hortic. Bras., 28(4), 466-471. Doi: 10.1590/ S0102-05362010000400015 Schwarz, K., J.T.V. Resende, A.P. Preczenhak, J.T. Paula, and D.M. Dias. 2013. Desempenho agronômico e qualidade físico-química de híbridos de tomateiro em cultivorasteiro. Hortic. Bras. 31(3), 410-418. Doi: 10.1590/ FS0102-05362013000300011 Silva, F. de S. and C.A.V. de Azevedo. 2002. Versão do programa computacional ASSISTAT para o sistema operacional Windows. Rev. Bras. Prod. Agroind. 4(1), 71-78. Doi: 10.15871/1517-8595/rbpa.v4n1p71-78 Soares, M.A., M.Z. Negreiros, A.R.L. Welder, J.L.D. Dombroski, and R.R.M. Lucena. 2013. Crescimento do tomateiro cultivado em solo coberto com polipropileno preto. Rev. Ciênc. Agron. 44(4), 790-797. Doi: 10.1590/S1806-66902013000400016 Strassburger, A.S., R.M.N. Peil, L.A. Fonseca, T.Z. Aumonde, and C.R. Mauch. 2011. Dinâmica do crescimento da abobrinha italiana em duas estações de cultivo. Acta Scientiarum 33(2), 283-289. Doi: 10.4025/actasciagron. v33i2.5952 |
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Revista Colombiana de Ciencias Hortícolas;Volumen 12, número 1 (Enero-Abril 2018) |
dc.rights.spa.fl_str_mv |
Copyright (c) 2018 Universidad Pedagógica y Tecnológica de Colombia |
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https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0/ |
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info:eu-repo/semantics/openAccess |
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Atribución-NoComercial-SinDerivadas 4.0 Internacional (CC BY-NC-ND 4.0) |
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Copyright (c) 2018 Universidad Pedagógica y Tecnológica de Colombia https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0/ Atribución-NoComercial-SinDerivadas 4.0 Internacional (CC BY-NC-ND 4.0) http://purl.org/coar/access_right/c_abf2 |
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Universidad Pedagógica y Tecnológica de Colombia |
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Universidad Pedagógica y Tecnológica de Colombia |
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Carini, Fernandae0f471b58b9ec25c77b467e760ace997-1Nogueira Peil, Roberta Marinsaae007a64e6147a784fad66ac74b7f1e-1Marques, Gabriel Nachtigald353335571c6a6d06e88495dd932db1d-1Grolli, Paulo Roberto2ea33ad86e249eda51066c330bda6062-1Souza, Rafaela Schmidt De4c485db522e9d5c7d627b056e798c21f-12019-10-09T15:50:28Z2019-10-09T15:50:28Z2018-05-02Carini, F. y otros. (2018). Organic compost addition to raw rice husk substrate for tomato (Solanum lycopersicum) hybrid variety cultivation in a leach recirculating system. Revista Colombiana de Ciencias Hortícolas, 12(1), 94-103. DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.17584/rcch.2018v12i1.6660. http://repositorio.uptc.edu.co/handle/001/28902422-3719http://repositorio.uptc.edu.co/handle/001/289010.17584/rcch.2018v12i1.66601 recurso en línea (páginas 94-103).The addition of organic compost (OC) to raw rice husk (RRH) may benefit the production of a tomato crop by conferring a greater buffer capacity and water holding capacity to the substrate in a leach recirculation system. At the same time, the selection of varieties that respond positively to the proposed technology is required. The objective of this work was to study the effects of adding OC to RRH on the physical and chemical properties of substrate [by comparing RRH (100%) and the mixture of RRH (80%) + OC (20%)] and on growth and yield responses of four tomato hybrid varieties [Ivety, Sofhia-F3, Sheila Victoria, and Lumi (Sakata® Seed)]. The chemical and physical properties of substrates, plant dry matter production and partitioning, fruit number, mean weight and yield, and fruit total soluble solids (TSS) content were evaluated. Fruit grading and harvest distribution along the crop cycle were also performed. The addition of OC improved the physical and chemical properties of the substrate. However, it did not affect the major growth and productive characteristics of the crop. All four varieties presented similar growth and fruit yield, but Sheila Victoria stood out as having the highest TSS. The yields were considered high, ranging from 6.3 kg/plant for Sophya and Sheila Victoria, 6.5 kg/plant for Lumi, to 7.6 kg/plant for Ivety. The results indicated that the addition of OC to RRH is unnecessary and that the four varieties adapted similarly to the proposed system.La adición de compost orgánico (CO) a la cáscara de arroz cruda (CAC) podría traer beneficios productivos al cultivo del tomate, al conferirle mayor poder buffer y capacidad de retención de agua al sustrato en sistemas con recirculación del lixiviado. Asimismo, es necesaria la elección de variedades que respondan positivamente a la tecnología propuesta. El objetivo del presente trabajo fue estudiar los efectos de la adición del CO a la CAC sobre las características físicas y químicas del sustrato [a través de la comparación entre la CAIN (100%) y la mezcla de CAC (80%) + CO (20%)] sobre el crecimiento y el comportamiento productivo de cuatro híbridos de tomate salado [Ivety, Sofhia-F3, Sheila Victoria y Lumi (Sakata® Seed)]. Se evaluaron las características químicas y físicas de los sustratos, la producción (tamaño, número, peso y rendimiento de frutos a lo largo de la cosecha), partición de la materia seca y la concentración de sólidos solubles totales (SST). La adición de CO mejoró las características físicas y químicas del sustrato, pero no afectó las principales variables del crecimiento y de la producción de la hortaliza. Las cuatro variedades presentaron similar crecimiento y rendimiento de frutos pero Sheila Victoria presentó la mayor concentración de SST. El rendimiento obtenido se considera alto, con rangos que van desde 6,3 kg/planta para las variedades Sophya-F3 y Sheila Victoria, 6,5 kg/planta para la variedad Lumi, y 7,6 kg/planta obtenido con la variedad Ivety. Los resultados indican que es innecesaria la adición de CO a la CAC y que las cuatro variedades se adaptan de forma similar al sistema propuesto.Bibliografía y webgrafía: páginas 102-103application/pdfengUniversidad Pedagógica y Tecnológica de ColombiaCopyright (c) 2018 Universidad Pedagógica y Tecnológica de Colombiahttps://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0/info:eu-repo/semantics/openAccessAtribución-NoComercial-SinDerivadas 4.0 Internacional (CC BY-NC-ND 4.0)http://purl.org/coar/access_right/c_abf2https://revistas.uptc.edu.co/index.php/ciencias_horticolas/article/view/6660/pdfOrganic compost addition to raw rice husk substrate for tomato (Solanum lycopersicum) hybrid variety cultivation in a leach recirculating systemAdición de compost orgánico al sustrato de cáscara de arroz crudo para el cultivo de variedades híbridas de tomate (Solanum lycopersicum) en sistema con recirculación del lixiviadoArtículo de revistahttp://purl.org/coar/resource_type/c_6501http://purl.org/coar/resource_type/c_2df8fbb1info:eu-repo/semantics/articleinfo:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersionTexthttps://purl.org/redcol/resource_type/ARThttp://purl.org/coar/version/c_970fb48d4fbd8a85Aguirre, N.C. and F.A.V. Cabrera. 2012. Evaluating the fruit production and quality of cherry tomato (Solanum lycopersicum var. cerasiforme). Rev. Fac. Nac. Agron. Medellín. 65(2), 6599-6610.Alvarenga, M.A.R. 2013. Tomate: produção em campo, em casa-de-vegetação e em hidroponia. 2th. ed. UFLA, Lavras- MG, BrazilAndreuccetti, C., M.D. Ferreira, A.S.D. Guitierrez, and M. Tavares. 2004. Classificação e padronização dos tomates cv. Carmem e Débora dentro da CEGESP- SP. Eng. Agríc. 24(3), 790-798. Doi: 10.1590/ S0100-69162004000300033Andriolo, J.L., M. Wilter, T. Dal Ross, and R.S. Godói. 2003. Crescimento e desenvolvimento do tomateiro cultivado em substrato com reutilização da solução nutritiva drenada. Hort. Bras. 21(3), 485-489. Doi: 10.1590/ S0102-05362003000300015CEAGESP. 2003. Norma de classificação do tomate. CQC/ CEAGESP, São Paulo-SP, Brazil.Duarte, T.S., R.M.N. Peil, S. Bacchis, and A.S. Strasburguer. 2008. Efeito da carga de frutos e concentrações salinas no crescimento do meloeiro cultivado em substrato. Hortic. Bras. 26(3), 348-353. Doi: 10.1590/ S0102-05362008000300011FAOSTAT (Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations). 2012. In: http://faostat.fao.org/ site/339/default.aspx; consulted: August, 2016.Fermino, M.H. 2014. Substratos: composição, caracterização e métodos de análise.: Agrolivros Guaíba, Porto Alegre-RS, Brazil.Ferreira, M.M.M., G.B. Ferreira, P.C.R. Fontes, and J.P. Dantas. 2006. Qualidade do tomateiro em função de doses de nitrogênio e da adubação orgânica em duas estações. Hortic. Bras. 24(2), 141-145. Doi: 10.1590/ S0102-05362006000200003Genuncio, G.C., R.A.C. Silva, N.M, SÁ. E. Zonta, and A. P. Araújo. 2010. Produção de cultivares de tomateiro em hidroponia e fertirrigação sob razões de nitrogênio e potássio. Hortic. Bras. 28(4), 446-452. Doi: 10.1590/ S0102-05362010000400012Guimarães, M.A., J.H., Silva, P.C.R Fontes, and A.P. Mattedi. 2008. Produtividade e sabor dos frutos de tomate do grupo salada em função de podas. Bioscience J. 24(1), 32-38.Kämpf, A.N. 2005. Produção comercial de plantas ornamentais. 2th. ed. Agrolivros Guaíba, Porto Alegre-RS, Brazil.Lima, A.A., M.A.R. Alvarenga, L. Rodrigues, and J.G. Carvalho. 2011. Concentração de nutrientes e produtividade de tomateiro cultivado sob diferentes substratos e doses de ácido húmico. Hortic. Bras. 29(1), 63-69. Doi: 10.1590/S010205362011000100011Lucena, R.R.M., M.Z. Negreiros, J.F. Medeiros, T.M.V. Batista, A.T.M. Bessa, and W.A.R. Lopes. 2013. Acúmulo de massa seca e nutrientes pelo tomateiro ‘SM – 16 ‘cultivado em solo com diferentes coberturas. Hortic. Bras. 31(3), 401-409. Doi: 10.1590/ S0102-05362013000300010Lúcio, A.D., F.M. Haesbaert, D. Santos, D.V. Schwertner, and R. R. Brunes. 2012. Tamanhos de amostra e de parcela para variáveis de crescimento e produtivas de tomateiro. Hortic. Bras. 30(4), 660-668. Doi: 10.1590/ S0102-05362012000400016Marques, G.N. and R.M N. Peil. 2016. Sistemas de cultivo aberto e fechado. In: Rampazzo, E.F. (ed.). Cultivo de morangueiro em substrato. SENAR-PR, Curitiba-PR, BrazilPaula, J.T., J.T.V. Resende, M.V. Faria, A.S.T. Figueiredo, K. Schwarz, and E.R. Neumann. 2015. Características físico-químicas e compostos bioativos em frutos de tomateiro colhidos em diferentes estádios de maturação. Hortic. Bras. 33(4), 434-440 Doi: 10.1590/ S0102-053620150000400005Peil, R.M.N., A.A.R. Albuquerque Neto, and C. V. Rombaldi. 2014. Densidade de plantio e genótipos de tomateiro cereja em sistema fechado de cultivo em substrato. Hortic. Bras. 32(2), 234-240. Doi: 10.1590/ S0102-05362014000200021Rattin, J.E., J.L. Andriolo, and M. Witter. 2003. Acumulação de massa seca e rendimento de frutos de tomateiro cultivado em substrato com cinco doses de solução nutritiva. Hortic. Bras. 21(1), 26-30. Doi: 10.1590/ S010205362003000100005Rocha, M.Q., R.M.N. Peil, and C. M. Cogo. 2010. Rendimento do tomate cereja em função do cacho floral e da concentração de nutrientes em hidroponia. Hortic. Bras., 28(4), 466-471. Doi: 10.1590/ S0102-05362010000400015Schwarz, K., J.T.V. Resende, A.P. Preczenhak, J.T. Paula, and D.M. Dias. 2013. Desempenho agronômico e qualidade físico-química de híbridos de tomateiro em cultivorasteiro. Hortic. Bras. 31(3), 410-418. Doi: 10.1590/ FS0102-05362013000300011Silva, F. de S. and C.A.V. de Azevedo. 2002. Versão do programa computacional ASSISTAT para o sistema operacional Windows. Rev. Bras. Prod. Agroind. 4(1), 71-78. Doi: 10.15871/1517-8595/rbpa.v4n1p71-78Soares, M.A., M.Z. Negreiros, A.R.L. Welder, J.L.D. Dombroski, and R.R.M. Lucena. 2013. Crescimento do tomateiro cultivado em solo coberto com polipropileno preto. Rev. Ciênc. Agron. 44(4), 790-797. Doi: 10.1590/S1806-66902013000400016Strassburger, A.S., R.M.N. Peil, L.A. Fonseca, T.Z. Aumonde, and C.R. Mauch. 2011. Dinâmica do crescimento da abobrinha italiana em duas estações de cultivo. Acta Scientiarum 33(2), 283-289. Doi: 10.4025/actasciagron. v33i2.5952Revista Colombiana de Ciencias Hortícolas;Volumen 12, número 1 (Enero-Abril 2018)Tomates: Lycopersicum sculentum Mill spTomates - Cultivo - InvestigacionesTomates - Abonos orgánicos - InvestigacionesAgrosaviaClosed systemPlant growthFruit yieldFruit qualityORIGINALPPS_1489_Organic_compost_addition_raw_rice.pdfPPS_1489_Organic_compost_addition_raw_rice.pdfArchivo principalapplication/pdf321032https://repositorio.uptc.edu.co/bitstreams/f1819bb3-36ce-4be0-a46d-285bd7a52693/download76aa313959c94a17916d85178191b0d8MD51LICENSElicense.txtlicense.txttext/plain; charset=utf-814798https://repositorio.uptc.edu.co/bitstreams/302de25a-4c20-4425-9677-729b781c302a/download88794144ff048353b359a3174871b0d5MD52TEXTPPS_1489.pdf.txtPPS_1489.pdf.txtExtracted 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Pedagógica y Tecnológica de Colombiaopen.accesshttps://repositorio.uptc.edu.coUPTC DSpacerepositorio.uptc@uptc.edu.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