Effect of heat treatment on the tribological properties of Nickel-Boron electroless coating

1 recurso en línea (páginas 101-110).

Autores:
Arias Torres, Sandra Milena
Gómez Botero, Maryory Astrid
Correa Bedoya, Esteban
Echeverría Echeverría, Félix
Castaño Gonzalez, Juan Guillermo
Tipo de recurso:
Article of journal
Fecha de publicación:
2018
Institución:
Universidad Pedagógica y Tecnológica de Colombia
Repositorio:
RiUPTC: Repositorio Institucional UPTC
Idioma:
eng
OAI Identifier:
oai:repositorio.uptc.edu.co:001/2160
Acceso en línea:
http://repositorio.uptc.edu.co/handle/001/2160
Palabra clave:
Autocatalytic coatings
Phosphate coating
Electroless
Heat treatment
Ni-B coating
Tribological properties
Rights
openAccess
License
Copyright (c) 2018 Universidad Pedagógica y Tecnológica de Colombia
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dc.title.spa.fl_str_mv Effect of heat treatment on the tribological properties of Nickel-Boron electroless coating
dc.title.alternative.spa.fl_str_mv Efecto del tratamiento térmico sobre las propiedades tribológicas del recubrimiento autocatalítico níquel-boro
Efeito do tratamento térmico sobre as propriedades tribológicas do recobrimento autocatalítico níquel-boro
title Effect of heat treatment on the tribological properties of Nickel-Boron electroless coating
spellingShingle Effect of heat treatment on the tribological properties of Nickel-Boron electroless coating
Autocatalytic coatings
Phosphate coating
Electroless
Heat treatment
Ni-B coating
Tribological properties
title_short Effect of heat treatment on the tribological properties of Nickel-Boron electroless coating
title_full Effect of heat treatment on the tribological properties of Nickel-Boron electroless coating
title_fullStr Effect of heat treatment on the tribological properties of Nickel-Boron electroless coating
title_full_unstemmed Effect of heat treatment on the tribological properties of Nickel-Boron electroless coating
title_sort Effect of heat treatment on the tribological properties of Nickel-Boron electroless coating
dc.creator.fl_str_mv Arias Torres, Sandra Milena
Gómez Botero, Maryory Astrid
Correa Bedoya, Esteban
Echeverría Echeverría, Félix
Castaño Gonzalez, Juan Guillermo
dc.contributor.author.none.fl_str_mv Arias Torres, Sandra Milena
Gómez Botero, Maryory Astrid
Correa Bedoya, Esteban
Echeverría Echeverría, Félix
Castaño Gonzalez, Juan Guillermo
dc.subject.armarc.none.fl_str_mv Autocatalytic coatings
Phosphate coating
topic Autocatalytic coatings
Phosphate coating
Electroless
Heat treatment
Ni-B coating
Tribological properties
dc.subject.proposal.spa.fl_str_mv Electroless
Heat treatment
Ni-B coating
Tribological properties
description 1 recurso en línea (páginas 101-110).
publishDate 2018
dc.date.accessioned.none.fl_str_mv 2018-09-07T15:09:41Z
dc.date.available.none.fl_str_mv 2018-09-07T15:09:41Z
dc.date.issued.none.fl_str_mv 2018-01-15
dc.type.spa.fl_str_mv Artículo de revista
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dc.identifier.citation.spa.fl_str_mv Arias Torres, S. M y otros. (2018). Effect of heat treatment on the tribological properties of Nickel-Boron electroless coating. Revista Facultad de Ingeniería, 27(47), 103-110. https://doi.org/10.19053/01211129.v27.n47.2018.7927. http://repositorio.uptc.edu.co/handle/001/2160
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dc.identifier.doi.none.fl_str_mv 10.19053/01211129.v27.n47.2018.7927
identifier_str_mv Arias Torres, S. M y otros. (2018). Effect of heat treatment on the tribological properties of Nickel-Boron electroless coating. Revista Facultad de Ingeniería, 27(47), 103-110. https://doi.org/10.19053/01211129.v27.n47.2018.7927. http://repositorio.uptc.edu.co/handle/001/2160
2357-5328
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url http://repositorio.uptc.edu.co/handle/001/2160
dc.language.iso.spa.fl_str_mv eng
language eng
dc.relation.references.spa.fl_str_mv P. M. K. K. Hari Krishnan, S. John, K. N. Srinivasan, J. Praveen, and M. Ganesan, “An overall aspect of electroless Ni-P depositions – A review article,” Metall. Mater. Trans. A, vol. 37(6), p. 10, 2006. DOI: http://doi.org/10.1007/s11661-006-0134-7.
G. O. Mallory, and J. B. Hajdu, Electroless Plating: Fundamentals and Applications, Noyes Publ. New York, 1990.
B. G. B. Oraon, and G. Majumdar, “Parametric optimization and prediction of electroless Ni-B deposition,” Mater. Des., vol. 28(7), pp. 2138- 2147, Jan. 2007. DOI: http://doi.org/10.1016/j. matdes.2006.05.017.
F. Delaunois, and P. Lienard, “Heat treatments for electroless nickel–boron plating on aluminium alloys,” Surf. Coatings Technol., vol. 160 (2-3), pp. 239-248, Oct. 2002. DOI: http://doi.org/10.1016/ S0257-8972(02)00415-2.
P. Sahoo, and S. K. Das, “Tribology of electroless nickel coatings – A review,” Mater. Des., vol. 32 (4), pp. 1760-1775, Apr. 2011. DOI: http://doi. org/10.1016/j.matdes.2010.11.013.
C. Dervos, J. Novakovic, and P. Vassiliou, “Vacuum heat treatment of electroless Ni–B coatings,” Mater. Lett., vol. 58 (5), pp. 619-623, Feb. 2004. DOI: http:// doi.org/10.1016/S0167-577X(03)00581-0.
S. Eraslan, and M. Ürgen, “Oxidation behavior of electroless Ni–P, Ni–B and Ni–W–B coatings deposited on steel substrates,” Surf. Coatings Technol., vol. 265, pp. 46–52, Mar. 2015. DOI: http://doi.org/10.1016/j.surfcoat.2015.01.064.
K. Krishnaveni, T. S. N. Sankara Narayanan, and S. K. Seshadri, “Electroless Ni–B coatings: preparation and evaluation of hardness and wear resistance,” Surf. Coatings Technol., vol. 190(1), pp. 115–121, Jan. 2005. DOI: http://doi.org/10.1016/j. surfcoat.2004.01.038.
T. S. N. S. Narayanan, K. Krishnaveni, and S. K. Seshadri, “Electroless Ni–P/Ni–B duplex coatings: preparation and evaluation of microhardness, wear and corrosion resistance,” Mater. Chem. Phys., vol. 82(3), pp. 771-779, Dec. 2003. DOI: http://doi. org/10.1016/S0254-0584(03)00390-0.
K. Krishnaveni, T. S. N. Sankara Narayanan, and S. K. Seshadri, “Electrodeposited Ni–B coatings: Formation and evaluation of hardness and wear resistance,” Mater. Chem. Phys., vol. 99(2-3), pp. 300–308, Oct. 2006. DOI: http://doi.org/10.1016/j. matchemphys.2005.10.028.
D. C. Vitry, and F. Delaunois F., “How heat treatment can give better properties to electroless nickel- boron coatings,” La Metallurgia Italiana. Mons, Belgium, p. 6, 2009.
V. Niksefat, and M. Ghorbani, “Mechanical and electrochemical properties of ultrasonic-assisted electroless deposition of Ni–B-TiO2 composite coatings,” J. Alloys Compd., vol. 633, pp. 127- 136, Jun. 2015. DOI: http://doi.org/10.1016/j. jallcom.2015.01.250.
Y. Wang, S.-J. Wang, X. Shu, W. Gao, W. Lu, and B. Yan, “Preparation and property of sol-enhanced Ni- B-TiO2 nano-composite coatings,” J. Alloys Compd., vol. 617, pp. 472–478, Dec. 2014. DOI: http://doi. org/10.1016/j.jallcom.2014.08.060.
E. Correa, Direct deposition of electroless Nickel- Boron coatings on magnesium alloys, Universidad de Antioquia, Medellín, 2013.
ASTM, Standard Test Method for Wear Testing with a Pin-on-Disk Apparatus. United States, 2017, p. 6.
V. Vitry, Electroless nickel-boron deposits: Synthesis, formation and characterization; Effect of heat treatments; Analytical modeling of the structural state, Université de Mons, Bélgica, 2009.
A.-F. Kanta, V. Vitry, and F. Delaunois, “Wear and corrosion resistance behaviours of autocatalytic electroless plating,” Journal of Alloys and Compounds, vol. 486 (1-2). pp. L21-L23, Nov. 2009. DOI: http://doi.org/10.1016/j.jallcom.2009.07.038.
dc.relation.ispartofjournal.spa.fl_str_mv Revista Facultad de Ingeniería;Volumen 27, número 47 (Enero-Abril 2018)
dc.rights.spa.fl_str_mv Copyright (c) 2018 Universidad Pedagógica y Tecnológica de Colombia
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spelling Arias Torres, Sandra MilenaGómez Botero, Maryory AstridCorrea Bedoya, EstebanEcheverría Echeverría, FélixCastaño Gonzalez, Juan Guillermo2018-09-07T15:09:41Z2018-09-07T15:09:41Z2018-01-15Arias Torres, S. M y otros. (2018). Effect of heat treatment on the tribological properties of Nickel-Boron electroless coating. Revista Facultad de Ingeniería, 27(47), 103-110. https://doi.org/10.19053/01211129.v27.n47.2018.7927. http://repositorio.uptc.edu.co/handle/001/21602357-5328http://repositorio.uptc.edu.co/handle/001/216010.19053/01211129.v27.n47.2018.79271 recurso en línea (páginas 101-110).Os recobrimentos autocatalíticos de níquel-boro são utilizados em diferentes indústrias para melhorar as propriedades mecânicas de materiais, como a dureza e a resistência ao desgaste. Nesta pesquisa avaliaram-se as propriedades tribológicas de recobrimentos autocatalíticos Ni-B depositados sobre aço ao carbono AISI/SAE 1018 antes e depois de aplicar um tratamento térmico a 450 °C durante 1 hora. Adicionalmente, realizaram-se ensaios tribológicos por deslizamento em seco, utilizando uma carga de 5 N e uma velocidade de deslizamento de 0.012 m/s, em um tribômetro ball-on-disk fabricado pelo CIDEMAT de acordo com a norma ASTM G99. De acordo com a avaliação tribológica, estabeleceu-se que o tratamento térmico aplicado melhora significativamenteo rendimento tribológico dos recobrimentos autocatalíticos Ni-B.Los recubrimientos autocatalíticos de níquel-boro son utilizados en diferentes industrias para mejorar las propiedades mecánicas de materiales, como la dureza y la resistencia al desgaste. En esta investigación se evaluaron las propiedades tribológicas de recubrimientos autocatalíticos Ni-B depositados sobre acero al carbono AISI/SAE 1018 antes y después de aplicar un tratamiento térmico a 450 °C durante 1 hora. Adicionalmente, se realizaron ensayos tribológicos por deslizamiento en seco, utilizando una carga de 5 N y una velocidad de deslizamiento de 0.012 m/s, en un tribómetro ball-on-disk fabricado por el CIDEMAT de acuerdo con la norma ASTM G99. De acuerdo con la evaluación tribológica, se estableció que el tratamiento térmico aplicado mejora significativamente el rendimiento tribológico de los recubrimientos autocatalíticos Ni-B.Nickel-Boron autocatalytic coatings are widely used in several industries to improve mechanical properties of materials such as hardness and wear resistance. Tribological properties were evaluated in Ni-B autocatalytic coatings deposited on AISI/SAE 1018 carbon steel before and after a heat treatment at 450 °C for one hour. Tribological tests were carried out by dry sliding, using a load of 5 N and a sliding speed of 0.012 m/s, in a homemade ball-on-disk tribometer, which followed ASTM G99 standard. According to the tribological evaluation, the heat treatments applied to Ni-B coatings improved their tribological performance. This research corroborates that by applying an adequate heat treatment, hardness and wear resistance of Ni-B coatings can be improved significantly.Bibliografía: página 110.application/pdfengUniversidad Pedagógica y Tecnológica de ColombiaCopyright (c) 2018 Universidad Pedagógica y Tecnológica de Colombiahttps://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/4.0/info:eu-repo/semantics/openAccessAtribución-NoComercial 4.0 Internacional (CC BY-NC 4.0)http://purl.org/coar/access_right/c_abf2https://revistas.uptc.edu.co/index.php/ingenieria/article/view/7927/6274Effect of heat treatment on the tribological properties of Nickel-Boron electroless coatingEfecto del tratamiento térmico sobre las propiedades tribológicas del recubrimiento autocatalítico níquel-boroEfeito do tratamento térmico sobre as propriedades tribológicas do recobrimento autocatalítico níquel-boroArtículo de revistahttp://purl.org/coar/resource_type/c_6501http://purl.org/coar/resource_type/c_2df8fbb1info:eu-repo/semantics/articleinfo:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersionTexthttps://purl.org/redcol/resource_type/ARThttp://purl.org/coar/version/c_970fb48d4fbd8a85P. M. K. K. Hari Krishnan, S. John, K. N. Srinivasan, J. Praveen, and M. Ganesan, “An overall aspect of electroless Ni-P depositions – A review article,” Metall. Mater. Trans. A, vol. 37(6), p. 10, 2006. DOI: http://doi.org/10.1007/s11661-006-0134-7.G. O. Mallory, and J. B. Hajdu, Electroless Plating: Fundamentals and Applications, Noyes Publ. New York, 1990.B. G. B. Oraon, and G. Majumdar, “Parametric optimization and prediction of electroless Ni-B deposition,” Mater. Des., vol. 28(7), pp. 2138- 2147, Jan. 2007. DOI: http://doi.org/10.1016/j. matdes.2006.05.017.F. Delaunois, and P. Lienard, “Heat treatments for electroless nickel–boron plating on aluminium alloys,” Surf. Coatings Technol., vol. 160 (2-3), pp. 239-248, Oct. 2002. DOI: http://doi.org/10.1016/ S0257-8972(02)00415-2.P. Sahoo, and S. K. Das, “Tribology of electroless nickel coatings – A review,” Mater. Des., vol. 32 (4), pp. 1760-1775, Apr. 2011. DOI: http://doi. org/10.1016/j.matdes.2010.11.013.C. Dervos, J. Novakovic, and P. Vassiliou, “Vacuum heat treatment of electroless Ni–B coatings,” Mater. Lett., vol. 58 (5), pp. 619-623, Feb. 2004. DOI: http:// doi.org/10.1016/S0167-577X(03)00581-0.S. Eraslan, and M. Ürgen, “Oxidation behavior of electroless Ni–P, Ni–B and Ni–W–B coatings deposited on steel substrates,” Surf. Coatings Technol., vol. 265, pp. 46–52, Mar. 2015. DOI: http://doi.org/10.1016/j.surfcoat.2015.01.064.K. Krishnaveni, T. S. N. Sankara Narayanan, and S. K. Seshadri, “Electroless Ni–B coatings: preparation and evaluation of hardness and wear resistance,” Surf. Coatings Technol., vol. 190(1), pp. 115–121, Jan. 2005. DOI: http://doi.org/10.1016/j. surfcoat.2004.01.038.T. S. N. S. Narayanan, K. Krishnaveni, and S. K. Seshadri, “Electroless Ni–P/Ni–B duplex coatings: preparation and evaluation of microhardness, wear and corrosion resistance,” Mater. Chem. Phys., vol. 82(3), pp. 771-779, Dec. 2003. DOI: http://doi. org/10.1016/S0254-0584(03)00390-0.K. Krishnaveni, T. S. N. Sankara Narayanan, and S. K. Seshadri, “Electrodeposited Ni–B coatings: Formation and evaluation of hardness and wear resistance,” Mater. Chem. Phys., vol. 99(2-3), pp. 300–308, Oct. 2006. DOI: http://doi.org/10.1016/j. matchemphys.2005.10.028.D. C. Vitry, and F. Delaunois F., “How heat treatment can give better properties to electroless nickel- boron coatings,” La Metallurgia Italiana. Mons, Belgium, p. 6, 2009.V. Niksefat, and M. Ghorbani, “Mechanical and electrochemical properties of ultrasonic-assisted electroless deposition of Ni–B-TiO2 composite coatings,” J. Alloys Compd., vol. 633, pp. 127- 136, Jun. 2015. DOI: http://doi.org/10.1016/j. jallcom.2015.01.250.Y. Wang, S.-J. Wang, X. Shu, W. Gao, W. Lu, and B. Yan, “Preparation and property of sol-enhanced Ni- B-TiO2 nano-composite coatings,” J. Alloys Compd., vol. 617, pp. 472–478, Dec. 2014. DOI: http://doi. org/10.1016/j.jallcom.2014.08.060.E. Correa, Direct deposition of electroless Nickel- Boron coatings on magnesium alloys, Universidad de Antioquia, Medellín, 2013.ASTM, Standard Test Method for Wear Testing with a Pin-on-Disk Apparatus. United States, 2017, p. 6.V. Vitry, Electroless nickel-boron deposits: Synthesis, formation and characterization; Effect of heat treatments; Analytical modeling of the structural state, Université de Mons, Bélgica, 2009.A.-F. Kanta, V. Vitry, and F. Delaunois, “Wear and corrosion resistance behaviours of autocatalytic electroless plating,” Journal of Alloys and Compounds, vol. 486 (1-2). pp. L21-L23, Nov. 2009. DOI: http://doi.org/10.1016/j.jallcom.2009.07.038.Revista Facultad de Ingeniería;Volumen 27, número 47 (Enero-Abril 2018)Autocatalytic coatingsPhosphate coatingElectrolessHeat treatmentNi-B coatingTribological propertiesLICENSElicense.txtlicense.txttext/plain; charset=utf-814798https://repositorio.uptc.edu.co/bitstreams/46a0981e-3bc7-46f9-aa74-c87ac000cbaf/download88794144ff048353b359a3174871b0d5MD52ORIGINALPPS_882_Effect_of_heat_treatment.pdfPPS_882_Effect_of_heat_treatment.pdfArchivo principalapplication/pdf1077275https://repositorio.uptc.edu.co/bitstreams/bf52fc54-5c72-4ac2-ac25-a7aeb5cbdc5c/downloadb132eaad3d04f3cb3a63c937f467aed6MD51TEXTPPS-882.pdf.txtPPS-882.pdf.txtExtracted texttext/plain22907https://repositorio.uptc.edu.co/bitstreams/adfa975f-0326-46c0-8f3f-159d76fa94e7/download0169f25e6001b11afd1a2add6643901cMD53PPS_882_Effect_of_heat_treatment.pdf.txtPPS_882_Effect_of_heat_treatment.pdf.txtExtracted 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