Effect of cutting parameters on surface roughness in turning of annealed AISI-1020 steel
1 recurso en línea (páginas 111-118).
- Autores:
-
Zurita Hurtado, Omar José
Di Graci Tiralongo, Verónica Carmen
Capace Aguirre, María Cristina
- Tipo de recurso:
- Article of journal
- Fecha de publicación:
- 2018
- Institución:
- Universidad Pedagógica y Tecnológica de Colombia
- Repositorio:
- RiUPTC: Repositorio Institucional UPTC
- Idioma:
- eng
- OAI Identifier:
- oai:repositorio.uptc.edu.co:001/2159
- Acceso en línea:
- http://repositorio.uptc.edu.co/handle/001/2159
- Palabra clave:
- Turning
Metal-cutting
Thermal analysis
Thermochemistry
AISI 1020
ANOVA
Cutting speed
Depth of cut
Feed rate
Surface roughness
- Rights
- openAccess
- License
- Copyright (c) 2018 Universidad Pedagógica y Tecnológica de Colombia
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Effect of cutting parameters on surface roughness in turning of annealed AISI-1020 steel |
| dc.title.alternative.spa.fl_str_mv |
Efecto de los parámetros de corte del torneado en la rugosidad superficial de acero AISI-1020 recocido Efeito dos parâmetros de corte do torneado na rugosidade superficial de aço AISI-1020 recozido |
| title |
Effect of cutting parameters on surface roughness in turning of annealed AISI-1020 steel |
| spellingShingle |
Effect of cutting parameters on surface roughness in turning of annealed AISI-1020 steel Turning Metal-cutting Thermal analysis Thermochemistry AISI 1020 ANOVA Cutting speed Depth of cut Feed rate Surface roughness |
| title_short |
Effect of cutting parameters on surface roughness in turning of annealed AISI-1020 steel |
| title_full |
Effect of cutting parameters on surface roughness in turning of annealed AISI-1020 steel |
| title_fullStr |
Effect of cutting parameters on surface roughness in turning of annealed AISI-1020 steel |
| title_full_unstemmed |
Effect of cutting parameters on surface roughness in turning of annealed AISI-1020 steel |
| title_sort |
Effect of cutting parameters on surface roughness in turning of annealed AISI-1020 steel |
| dc.creator.fl_str_mv |
Zurita Hurtado, Omar José Di Graci Tiralongo, Verónica Carmen Capace Aguirre, María Cristina |
| dc.contributor.author.none.fl_str_mv |
Zurita Hurtado, Omar José Di Graci Tiralongo, Verónica Carmen Capace Aguirre, María Cristina |
| dc.subject.armarc.none.fl_str_mv |
Turning Metal-cutting Thermal analysis Thermochemistry |
| topic |
Turning Metal-cutting Thermal analysis Thermochemistry AISI 1020 ANOVA Cutting speed Depth of cut Feed rate Surface roughness |
| dc.subject.proposal.spa.fl_str_mv |
AISI 1020 ANOVA Cutting speed Depth of cut Feed rate Surface roughness |
| description |
1 recurso en línea (páginas 111-118). |
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2018 |
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2018-09-07T14:55:27Z |
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2018-09-07T14:55:27Z |
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2018-01-15 |
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Zurita Hurtado. O. J., Di Graci Tiralongo, V. C.& Capace Aguirre, M. C. (2018). Effect of cutting parameters on surface roughness in turning of annealed AISI-1020 steel. Revista Facultad de Ingeniería, 27(47), 111-118. https://doi.org/10.19053/01211129.v27.n47.2018.7928. http://repositorio.uptc.edu.co/handle/001/2159 |
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2357-5328 |
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http://repositorio.uptc.edu.co/handle/001/2159 |
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10.19053/01211129.v27.n47.2018.7928 |
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Zurita Hurtado. O. J., Di Graci Tiralongo, V. C.& Capace Aguirre, M. C. (2018). Effect of cutting parameters on surface roughness in turning of annealed AISI-1020 steel. Revista Facultad de Ingeniería, 27(47), 111-118. https://doi.org/10.19053/01211129.v27.n47.2018.7928. http://repositorio.uptc.edu.co/handle/001/2159 2357-5328 10.19053/01211129.v27.n47.2018.7928 |
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eng |
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eng |
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D. P. Selvaraj, and P. Chandramohan, “Influence of cutting speed, feed rate and bulk texture on the surface finish of nitrogen alloyed duplex stainless steels during dry turning,” Engineering, vol. 2 (6), pp. 453-460, 2010. DOI: http://doi.org/10.4236/ eng.2010.26059. D. P. Selvaraj, and P. Chandramohan, “Optimization of surface roughness of AISI 304 austenitic stainless steel in dry turning operation using Taguchi design method,” Journal of Engineering Science and Technology, vol. 5 (3), pp. 293- 301, 2010. B.A. Khidhir, and B. Mohamed, “Analyzing the effect of cutting parameters on surface roughness and tool wear when machining nickel based Hastelloy – 276,” IOP Conf. Series: Materials Science and Engineering, vol. 17, pp. 012043-012053, 2011. DOI: http://doi.org/10.1088/1757-899X/17/1/012043. C. J. Rao, D. Nageswara, and P. Srihari, “Influence of cutting parameters on cutting force and surface finish in turning operation,” Procedia Engineering, vol. 64, pp. 1405 – 1415, 2013. DOI: http://doi.org/10.1016/j. proeng.2013.09.222. M. Hanief, and M. F. Wani, “Influence of cutting parameters on surface roughness of red brass (C23000) in turning using exponential model,” Hidráulica, vol. 3, pp. 55-58, 2015. P. Deepakkumar, and M. Sadaiah, “Investigations on finish turning of AISI 4340 steel in different cutting environments by CBN insert,” International Journal of Engineering Science and Technology, vol. 3 (10), pp. 7690-7706, 2011. D. Deepak, and B. Rajendra, “Investigations on the surface roughness produced in turning of AL 6061 (as-cast) by Taguchi method,” International Journal of Research in Engineering and Technology, vol. 4 (8), pp. 295-298, Aug. 2015. DOI: http://doi. org/10.15623/ijret.2015.0408051. C. H. Che-Haron, and A. Jawaid, “The effect of machining on surface integrity of titanium alloy Ti–6% Al–4% V,” Journal of Materials Processing Technology, vol. 166 (2), pp. 188- 192, Aug. 2005. DOI: http://doi.org/10.1016/j. jmatprotec.2004.08.012. A. R. C. Sharman, J. I. Hughes, and K. Ridgway, “An analysis of the residual stresses generated in Inconel 718TM when turning,” Journal of Materials Processing Technology, vol. 173 (3), pp. 359-367, Apr. 2006. DOI: http://doi.org/10.1016/j. jmatprotec.2005.12.007. D.C. Montgomery, Design and analysis of experiments, USA, Wiley, 2012. H. Sasahara, “The effect on fatigue life of residual stress and surface hardness resulting from different cutting conditions of 0.45%C steel,” International Journal of Machine Tools and Manufacture, vol. 45(2), pp. 131–136, Feb. 2005. DOI: http://doi. org/10.1016/j.ijmachtools.2004.08.002. D.C. Montgomery, E.A. Peck, and G.G. Vining, Introduction to linear regression analysis, USA, Wiley, 2012. P. Deepakkumar, and M., Sadaiah, “Investigations on finish turning of AISI 4340 steel in different cutting environments by CBN insert,” International Journal of Engineering Science and Technology, vol. 3 (10), pp. 7690-7706, 2011. J. P. Davim, Surface integrity in machining, England, Springer-Verlag, 2010. DOI: http://doi. org/10.1007/978-1-84882-874-2. D. Peña, Estadística; modelos y métodos, Spain: Alianza, 2001. |
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Revista Facultad de Ingeniería;Volumen 27, número 47 (Enero-Abril 2018) |
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Copyright (c) 2018 Universidad Pedagógica y Tecnológica de Colombia |
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Atribución-NoComercial 4.0 Internacional (CC BY-NC 4.0) |
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Zurita Hurtado, Omar JoséDi Graci Tiralongo, Verónica CarmenCapace Aguirre, María Cristina2018-09-07T14:55:27Z2018-09-07T14:55:27Z2018-01-15Zurita Hurtado. O. J., Di Graci Tiralongo, V. C.& Capace Aguirre, M. C. (2018). Effect of cutting parameters on surface roughness in turning of annealed AISI-1020 steel. Revista Facultad de Ingeniería, 27(47), 111-118. https://doi.org/10.19053/01211129.v27.n47.2018.7928. http://repositorio.uptc.edu.co/handle/001/21592357-5328http://repositorio.uptc.edu.co/handle/001/215910.19053/01211129.v27.n47.2018.79281 recurso en línea (páginas 111-118).Neste trabalho estudam-se os efeitos dos parâmetros de corte: velocidade de corte (Vc), velocidade de avanço (f) e profundidade de corte (d) na rugosidade induzida na superfície de aço AISI 1020 recozido torneado, empregando ferramentas de insertos de carburo. Encontrou-se, a partir dos resultados obtidos, que a rugosidade da superfície aumentou, com velocidades de avanço cada vez maiores e velocidades de corte decrescentes. Encontrou-se uma ligeira influência da rugosidade da profundidade de corte. Análise da variância (ANOVA) e múltiplas técnicas de regressão foram utilizadas para formular uma equação quantitativa para a estimação de valores de rugosidade em função dos parâmetros de corte. Os resultados mostraram que a velocidade de corte é o parâmetro que mais influi na rugosidade da superfície (69,35 %), a velocidade de avanço está em segundo (30,13 %), enquanto que a profundidade de corte não afetou substancialmente (0,52 %). O modelo proposto pode ser utilizado para selecionar os parâmetros ótimos para a obtenção de rugosidade superficial mínima no torneado de metais.En este trabajo se estudian los efectos de los parámetros de corte: velocidad de corte (Vc), velocidad de avance (f) y profundidad de corte (d) en la rugosidad inducida en la superficie de acero AISI 1020 recocido torneado, empleando herramientas de insertos de carburo. Se encontró, a partir de los resultados obtenidos, que la rugosidad de la superficie aumentó, con velocidades de avance cada vez mayores y velocidades de corte decrecientes. Se encontró una ligera influencia de la rugosidad de la profundidad de corte. Análisis de la varianza (ANOVA) y múltiples técnicas de regresión se utilizaron para formular una ecuación cuantitativa para la estimación de valores de rugosidad en función de los parámetros de corte. Los resultados mostraron que la velocidad de corte es el parámetro que más influye en la rugosidad de la superficie (69,35 %), la velocidad de avance está en segundo (30,13 %), mientras que la profundidad de corte no afectó sustancialmente (0,52 %). El modelo propuesto puede ser utilizado para seleccionar los parámetros óptimos para la obtención de rugosidad superficial mínima en el torneado de metales.This study focuses on the effects of cutting parameters such as cutting speed (Vc), feed rate (f), and depth of cut (d) on roughness induced on the surface of annealed AISI 1020 steel when machined by turning using carbide insert tools. The results indicated that surface roughness increased when feed rate increased and cutting speed decreased. Depth of cut slightly influenced roughness. Analysis of variance and multiple regression techniques were used to formulate a quantitative equation for estimating predicted values of roughness as functions of the cutting parameters. The results showed that cutting speed is the most influencing parameter on surface roughness (69.35%), followed by feed rate (30.13%), while depth of cut failed to affect the responses substantially (0.52%). The proposed model can be used to select the optimum parameters for minimum surface roughness in metal turning.Bibliografía: páginas 117-118.application/pdfengUniversidad Pedagógica y Tecnológica de ColombiaCopyright (c) 2018 Universidad Pedagógica y Tecnológica de Colombiahttps://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/4.0/info:eu-repo/semantics/openAccessAtribución-NoComercial 4.0 Internacional (CC BY-NC 4.0)http://purl.org/coar/access_right/c_abf2https://revistas.uptc.edu.co/index.php/ingenieria/article/view/7928/6275Effect of cutting parameters on surface roughness in turning of annealed AISI-1020 steelEfecto de los parámetros de corte del torneado en la rugosidad superficial de acero AISI-1020 recocidoEfeito dos parâmetros de corte do torneado na rugosidade superficial de aço AISI-1020 recozidoArtículo de revistahttp://purl.org/coar/resource_type/c_6501http://purl.org/coar/resource_type/c_2df8fbb1info:eu-repo/semantics/articleinfo:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersionTexthttps://purl.org/redcol/resource_type/ARThttp://purl.org/coar/version/c_970fb48d4fbd8a85D. P. Selvaraj, and P. Chandramohan, “Influence of cutting speed, feed rate and bulk texture on the surface finish of nitrogen alloyed duplex stainless steels during dry turning,” Engineering, vol. 2 (6), pp. 453-460, 2010. DOI: http://doi.org/10.4236/ eng.2010.26059.D. P. Selvaraj, and P. Chandramohan, “Optimization of surface roughness of AISI 304 austenitic stainless steel in dry turning operation using Taguchi design method,” Journal of Engineering Science and Technology, vol. 5 (3), pp. 293- 301, 2010.B.A. Khidhir, and B. Mohamed, “Analyzing the effect of cutting parameters on surface roughness and tool wear when machining nickel based Hastelloy – 276,” IOP Conf. Series: Materials Science and Engineering, vol. 17, pp. 012043-012053, 2011. DOI: http://doi.org/10.1088/1757-899X/17/1/012043.C. J. Rao, D. Nageswara, and P. Srihari, “Influence of cutting parameters on cutting force and surface finish in turning operation,” Procedia Engineering, vol. 64, pp. 1405 – 1415, 2013. DOI: http://doi.org/10.1016/j. proeng.2013.09.222.M. Hanief, and M. F. Wani, “Influence of cutting parameters on surface roughness of red brass (C23000) in turning using exponential model,” Hidráulica, vol. 3, pp. 55-58, 2015.P. Deepakkumar, and M. Sadaiah, “Investigations on finish turning of AISI 4340 steel in different cutting environments by CBN insert,” International Journal of Engineering Science and Technology, vol. 3 (10), pp. 7690-7706, 2011.D. Deepak, and B. Rajendra, “Investigations on the surface roughness produced in turning of AL 6061 (as-cast) by Taguchi method,” International Journal of Research in Engineering and Technology, vol. 4 (8), pp. 295-298, Aug. 2015. DOI: http://doi. org/10.15623/ijret.2015.0408051.C. H. Che-Haron, and A. Jawaid, “The effect of machining on surface integrity of titanium alloy Ti–6% Al–4% V,” Journal of Materials Processing Technology, vol. 166 (2), pp. 188- 192, Aug. 2005. DOI: http://doi.org/10.1016/j. jmatprotec.2004.08.012.A. R. C. Sharman, J. I. Hughes, and K. Ridgway, “An analysis of the residual stresses generated in Inconel 718TM when turning,” Journal of Materials Processing Technology, vol. 173 (3), pp. 359-367, Apr. 2006. DOI: http://doi.org/10.1016/j. jmatprotec.2005.12.007.D.C. Montgomery, Design and analysis of experiments, USA, Wiley, 2012.H. Sasahara, “The effect on fatigue life of residual stress and surface hardness resulting from different cutting conditions of 0.45%C steel,” International Journal of Machine Tools and Manufacture, vol. 45(2), pp. 131–136, Feb. 2005. DOI: http://doi. org/10.1016/j.ijmachtools.2004.08.002.D.C. Montgomery, E.A. Peck, and G.G. Vining, Introduction to linear regression analysis, USA, Wiley, 2012.P. Deepakkumar, and M., Sadaiah, “Investigations on finish turning of AISI 4340 steel in different cutting environments by CBN insert,” International Journal of Engineering Science and Technology, vol. 3 (10), pp. 7690-7706, 2011.J. P. Davim, Surface integrity in machining, England, Springer-Verlag, 2010. DOI: http://doi. org/10.1007/978-1-84882-874-2.D. Peña, Estadística; modelos y métodos, Spain: Alianza, 2001.Revista Facultad de Ingeniería;Volumen 27, número 47 (Enero-Abril 2018)TurningMetal-cuttingThermal analysisThermochemistryAISI 1020ANOVACutting speedDepth of cutFeed rateSurface roughnessORIGINALPPS_883_Effect_of_cutting_parameters.pdfPPS_883_Effect_of_cutting_parameters.pdfArchivo principalapplication/pdf639613https://repositorio.uptc.edu.co/bitstreams/e644731a-43d8-4d4f-a67e-8b7512d273d8/downloaddfce5b8ee4f99d556c8e56cde23a84daMD51LICENSElicense.txtlicense.txttext/plain; charset=utf-814798https://repositorio.uptc.edu.co/bitstreams/57ed384a-c7f1-44f8-878c-83e1180f0e12/download88794144ff048353b359a3174871b0d5MD52TEXTPPS-883.pdf.txtPPS-883.pdf.txtExtracted texttext/plain19422https://repositorio.uptc.edu.co/bitstreams/7bd63352-3b36-41b3-a1ae-8a6b85ec4d3c/downloadc93fa8c27641be1762f1c25c6391614fMD53PPS_883_Effect_of_cutting_parameters.pdf.txtPPS_883_Effect_of_cutting_parameters.pdf.txtExtracted 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