Propagation of three native Brazilian Piper species by cuttings and indole butyric acid
1 recurso en línea (páginas 491-499)
- Autores:
-
Ferriani, Aurea Portes
Deschamps, Cícero
Amaral, Wanderlei Do
Silva Neto, Carlos de Melo E.
- Tipo de recurso:
- Article of journal
- Fecha de publicación:
- 2018
- Institución:
- Universidad Pedagógica y Tecnológica de Colombia
- Repositorio:
- RiUPTC: Repositorio Institucional UPTC
- Idioma:
- eng
- OAI Identifier:
- oai:repositorio.uptc.edu.co:001/2912
- Acceso en línea:
- http://repositorio.uptc.edu.co/handle/001/2912
- Palabra clave:
- Propagación vegetal
Agrosavia
Species domestication
Biological activity
Essential oil
Plant growth regulators
Plant propagation
Domesticación de especies
Actividad biológica
Aceite esencial
Reguladores de crecimiento vegetal
Propagación de plantas
- Rights
- closedAccess
- License
- Copyright (c) 2018 Universidad Pedagógica y Tecnológica de Colombia
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Propagation of three native Brazilian Piper species by cuttings and indole butyric acid |
| dc.title.alternative.spa.fl_str_mv |
Propagación de tres especies nativas brasileñas de Piper usando estacas y ácido indolbutírico |
| title |
Propagation of three native Brazilian Piper species by cuttings and indole butyric acid |
| spellingShingle |
Propagation of three native Brazilian Piper species by cuttings and indole butyric acid Propagación vegetal Agrosavia Species domestication Biological activity Essential oil Plant growth regulators Plant propagation Domesticación de especies Actividad biológica Aceite esencial Reguladores de crecimiento vegetal Propagación de plantas |
| title_short |
Propagation of three native Brazilian Piper species by cuttings and indole butyric acid |
| title_full |
Propagation of three native Brazilian Piper species by cuttings and indole butyric acid |
| title_fullStr |
Propagation of three native Brazilian Piper species by cuttings and indole butyric acid |
| title_full_unstemmed |
Propagation of three native Brazilian Piper species by cuttings and indole butyric acid |
| title_sort |
Propagation of three native Brazilian Piper species by cuttings and indole butyric acid |
| dc.creator.fl_str_mv |
Ferriani, Aurea Portes Deschamps, Cícero Amaral, Wanderlei Do Silva Neto, Carlos de Melo E. |
| dc.contributor.author.none.fl_str_mv |
Ferriani, Aurea Portes Deschamps, Cícero Amaral, Wanderlei Do Silva Neto, Carlos de Melo E. |
| dc.subject.armarc.none.fl_str_mv |
Propagación vegetal |
| topic |
Propagación vegetal Agrosavia Species domestication Biological activity Essential oil Plant growth regulators Plant propagation Domesticación de especies Actividad biológica Aceite esencial Reguladores de crecimiento vegetal Propagación de plantas |
| dc.subject.armarc.spa.fl_str_mv |
Agrosavia |
| dc.subject.proposal.spa.fl_str_mv |
Species domestication Biological activity Essential oil Plant growth regulators Plant propagation Domesticación de especies Actividad biológica Aceite esencial Reguladores de crecimiento vegetal Propagación de plantas |
| description |
1 recurso en línea (páginas 491-499) |
| publishDate |
2018 |
| dc.date.issued.none.fl_str_mv |
2018-09-21 |
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2019-11-06T16:29:33Z |
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2019-11-06T16:29:33Z |
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Artículo de revista |
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Ferriani, A. P. y otros. Propagation of three native Brazilian Piper species by cuttings and indole butyric acid. Revista Colombiana de Ciencias Hortícolas, 12(2), 491-499. DOI: http://doi.org/10.17584/rcch.2018v12i2.7359. http://repositorio.uptc.edu.co/handle/001/2912 |
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2422-3719 |
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http://repositorio.uptc.edu.co/handle/001/2912 |
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10.17584/rcch.2018v12i2.7359 |
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Ferriani, A. P. y otros. Propagation of three native Brazilian Piper species by cuttings and indole butyric acid. Revista Colombiana de Ciencias Hortícolas, 12(2), 491-499. DOI: http://doi.org/10.17584/rcch.2018v12i2.7359. http://repositorio.uptc.edu.co/handle/001/2912 2422-3719 10.17584/rcch.2018v12i2.7359 |
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http://repositorio.uptc.edu.co/handle/001/2912 |
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eng |
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eng |
| dc.relation.references.spa.fl_str_mv |
Bergo, C.L. 2010. Estudos agronômicos e fitoquímicos de Piper hispidinervum C.DC. e Piper aduncum L. para produção de safrol e dilapiol. Ph.D. thesis. Universidade Federal do Parana, Curitiba-PR, Brazil. Bernuci, K.Z., C.C. Iwanaga, C.M.M. Fernandez-Andrade, F.B. Lorenzetti, E.C. Torres-Santos, V.S. Faiões, J.E. Gonçalves, W. Amaral, C. Deschamps, R.B.L. Scodro, R.F. Cardoso, V.P. Baldin, and D.A.G. Cortez. 2016. Evaluation of chemical composition and antileishmanial and antituberculosis activities of essential oils of piper species. Molecules 21(1698), 3-12 Cunha, A.L.B., F.C.M. Chaves, A.C. Batista, and A.F. Hidalgo. 2015. Propagação vegetativa de estacas de Piper hispidum Sw. em diferentes substratos. Rev. Bras. Plantas Med. 17(4), 685-692. 10.1590/1983-084X/14_113 Dousseau, S. 2009. Propagação, características fotossintéticas, estruturais, fitoquímicas e crescimento inicial de Piper aduncum L. (Piperaeae). Tesis. Universidade Federal de Lavras, Lavras-MG, Brazil. Flora do Brasil. 2018. Piperaceae. In: Jardim Botânico do Rio de Janeiro, http://floradobrasil.jbrj.gov.br/reflora/floradobrasil/ FB12735; consulted: March, 2018. Gasparetto, A., A.B. Cruz, T.M. Wagner, T.J. Bonomini, R. Correa, and A. Malheiros. 2017. Seasonal variation in the chemical composition, antimicrobial and mutagenic potential of essencial oils from Piper cernuum. Ind. Crops Prod. 95, 256-263. Doi: 10.1016/j. indcrop.2016.10.030 Girola, N., C.R. Figueiredo, C.F. Farias, R.A. Azevedo, A.K. Ferreira, S.F. Teixeira, T.M. Capello, E.G.A. Martins, A.L. Matsuo, L. Travassos, and J.H.G. Lago. 2015. Camphene isolated from essential oil of Piper cernuum (Piperaceae) induces intrinsic apoptosis in melanoma cells and displays antitumor activity in vivo. Biochem. Biophys. Res. Com. 467(4), 928-934. Doi: 10.1016/j. bbrc.2015.10.041 Gomes, E.N. and D. Krinski. 2016a. Propagação vegetativa de Piper amalago L. (Piperaceae) em função de tipos de estaca e substratos. Cult. Agron. 25(2), 199-210. Gomes, E.N. and D. Krinski. 2016b. Propagação vegetativa de Piper umbellatum L. (Piperaceae) em função de substratos e comprimentos de estacas. Sci. Agrar. 17(3), 31-37. Guimaraes, E.F. and D. Monteiro. 2006. Piperaceae na reserva biológica de Poço das antas, Silva Jardim, Rio de Janeiro, Brasil. Rodriguésia 57(3), 567-587. Doi: 10.1590/2175-7860200657312 Hartmann, H.T., D.E. Kester, F.T. Davies Junior, and R.L. Geneve. 2002. Principles of propagation by cuttings. pp. 280-343. En: Hartmann, H.T., F.T. Davies, and D.E. Kester (eds.). Plant propagation: principles and practices. 7th ed. Prentice Hall, Englewood Cliffs, NJ, USA Lopes, J.J., C. Marx, R. Ingrassia, J.N. Picada, P. Pereira, and A.B.F. Ferraz. 2012. Neurobehavioral and toxicological activities of two potentially CNS-acting medicinal plants of Piper genus. Exp. Toxicol. Pathol. 64, 9-14. Doi: 10.1016/j.etp.2010.05.012 Mariot, A., J.V. Odorizzi, J. Nascimento, and M.S. Reis. 2007. Uso e conservação de Piper cernuum Vell. (Piperaceae) na Mata Atlântica: II. Estrutura demográfica e potencial de manejo em floresta primária e secundária. Rev. Bras. Plantas Med. 9(1), 13-20. Mesquita, J.M.O., C. Cavaleiro, A.P. Cunha, J.A. Lombardi, and A.B. Oliveira. 2005. Estudo comparativo dos óleos voláteis de algumas espécies de Piperaceae. Rev. Bras. Farmacogn. 15, 6-12. Doi: 10.1590/S0102-695X2005000100003 Oliveira, G.B., D.L. Moreira, A.D.R. Mendes., E.F. Guimarães, L.S. Figueiredo, M.A.C. Kaplan, and E.R. Martins. 2013. Growth study and essential oil analysis of Piper aduncum from two sites of Cerrado biome of Minas Gerais State, Brazil. Rev. Bras. Farmacogn. 23(5), 743-753. Doi: 10.1590/S0102-695X2013000500005 Pacheco, F.V., R.P. Avelar, I.C.A. Alvarenga, S.K.V. Bertolucci, A.A. Alvarenga, and J.E.B.P. Pinto. 2016. Essential oil of monkey-pepper (Piper aduncum L.) cultivated under different light environments. Ind. Crops Prod. 85, 251-257. 10.1016/j.indcrop.2016.03.016 Pereira, A.C.R.L., J.V. Oliveira, M.G.C. Gondim-Junior, and C.A.G. Câmara. 2008. Atividade inseticida de óleos essenciais e fixos sobre Callosobruchus maculatus (Fabr., 1775) (Coleoptera: Bruchidae) em grãos de caupi [Vigna unguiculata (L.) Walp.]. Ciênc. Agrotec. 32(3), 717- 724. Doi: 10.1590/S1413-70542008000300003 Perigo, C.V., R.B. Bernacci, E.F. Guimaraes, L.L. Haber, R. Facanali, M.A.R. Vieira, V. Quecini, and M.O.M. Marques. 2016. The chemical composition and antibacterial activity of eleven Piper species from distinct rainforest areas in Southeastern Brazil. Crops Natural Prod. 94, 528-539. Doi: 10.1016/j.indcrop.2016.09.028 Pescador, R., A.C. Voltoni, C.G. Rolaardi, and F.A. Rosa. 2007. Estaquia de pariparoba-do-Rio Grande do Sul sob efeito do ácido indol-butírico em dois substratos. Sci. Agric. 8(4), 391-398. Doi: 10.5380/rsa.v8i4.9886 Potzernheim, M., H.R. Bizzo, T.S. Agostini-Costa, R.F. Vieira, M. Carvalho-Cilva, and L.A.M.B. Gracindo 2006. Chemical characterization of seven Piper species (Piperaceae) from Federal District, Brazil, based on vovolatile oil constituents. Rev. Bras. Plantas Med. 8, 10-12. Silva, R.J.F., A.C.A. Aguiar-Dias, K.C.F. Faial, and M.S. Mendonça. 2016. Caracterizacao farmacognostica de Piper arboreum e P. tuberculatum (Piperaceae). Acta Amaz. 46(2), 195-208. Doi: 10.1590/ S0044-59672007000200004 Silva, F.A.S. and C.A.V. Azevedo. 2016. Comparison of means of agricultural experimentation data through different tests using the software assistant. Afr. J. Agric. Res. 37(11), 3527-3531 Silva, A.L.L., F.C.M. Chaves, R.C. Lameira, and R.C. Bizzo. 2013. Rendimento e composição do óleo essencial de P. aduncum L. cultivado em Manaus, AM, em função da densidade de plantas e épocas de corte. Rev. Bras. Plantas Med. 15(4), 670-674. Doi: 10.1590/ S1516-05722013000500007 Souza, L.A.d., I.S. Moscheta, K.S.M. Mourão, A.L.M. Albiero, M.d.C. Iwazaki, J.H.G.d. Oliveira, and S.M.d. Rosa. 2009. Vegetative propagation in Piperaceae species. Braz. Arch. Biol. Biotechnol. 52(6), 1357-1361. Doi. 10.1590/S1516-89132009000600006 Vieira, S.C.H., L.F. Paulo, T.I.E. Svidzinski, B.P. Dias Filho, C.V. Nakamura, A. Souza, M.C.M. Young, and D.A.G. Cortez. 2011. Antifungal activity of P. diospyrifolium Kunth, (Piperaceae) essential oil. Braz. J. Microbiol. 42, 1001-1006. Doi: 10.1590/S1517-83822011000300020 Vignolo, G.K., L. Picolotto, M.A. Goncalves, I.S. Pereira, and L.E.C. Antunes. 2014. Presença de folhas no enraizamento de estacas de amoreira-preta. Cienc. Rural 44(3), 467-472. Doi: 10.1590/S0103-84782014000300013 |
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Ferriani, Aurea Portes4d04b190835a2ca5424273547e82b688-1Deschamps, Cícero9027fd0fff6fe6171e75b8b4d0016352-1Amaral, Wanderlei Doc1a276028a288afaee247386823337be-1Silva Neto, Carlos de Melo E.3aaf7c3383df34bff1f8c94504a79043-12019-11-06T16:29:33Z2019-11-06T16:29:33Z2018-09-21Ferriani, A. P. y otros. Propagation of three native Brazilian Piper species by cuttings and indole butyric acid. Revista Colombiana de Ciencias Hortícolas, 12(2), 491-499. DOI: http://doi.org/10.17584/rcch.2018v12i2.7359. http://repositorio.uptc.edu.co/handle/001/29122422-3719http://repositorio.uptc.edu.co/handle/001/291210.17584/rcch.2018v12i2.73591 recurso en línea (páginas 491-499)Las especies nativas de Piper presentan importantes actividades biológicas repelentes, antimicrobianos, insecticidas, antitumoral y anti-protozoario. Los estudios sobre nuevas especies representan potenciales descubrimientos sin publicar y la propagación vegetativa es necesario para el desarrollo del protocolo de cultivo; además, reduce la extracción natural. El objetivo de esta investigación fue evaluar el enraizamiento de esquejes de P. arboreum, P. cernuum y P. diospyrifolium con diferentes tratamientos que contienen dosis del ácido indolbutirico (0, 500, 1.000, 1.500, 2.000 y 3.000 mg L-1). Ramas fueran colectadas en la Reserva Biológica Bom Jesus, estado de Paraná, Brasil. Los cortes con una longitud de 12 cm y el diámetro promedio de 6 mm se instalaron en tubos de plástico de 53 cm3 usando el sustrato comercial Tropstrato HP® y riego por nebulización intermitente. Después de 90 días se evaluaron las tasas de supervivencia, mortalidad y esquejes con nuevos brotes, número y longitud de las tres raíces principales. Los porcentajes de enraizamiento alcanzaron un promedio de 67,5% para P. arboreum, 51,6% para P. cernuum y 50,4% para P. diospyrifolium. Se encontró respuesta positiva de los tratamientos que contienen el regulador vegetal para las variables de enraizamiento, porcentaje de esquejes con brotes y número de raíces por estaca, pero hubo variaciones en las respuestas de cada especie. La permanencia de hojas fue un factor importante para el proceso de enraizamiento adventicio en las especies evaluadas.biological activities. Studies on new species can discover unpublished potentialities and vegetative propagation for the development of cultivation protocols and reduce the natural extraction. The objective of this study was to evaluate the rooting of P. arboreum, P. cernuum and P. diospyrifolium stem cuttings with different treatments containing doses of indole butyric acid (0, 500; 1,000; 1,500; 2,000 and 3,000 mg L-1). Branches were collected in the “Bom Jesus Biological Reserve”, Parana state, Brazil. The cuttings, with a length of 12 cm and average diameter of 6 mm, were placed in 53 cm3 plastic tubes with the commercial substrate Tropstrato HP® and intermittent misting. After 90 days, the survival, mortality, cuttings with new shoots, number and length of the three main roots were evaluated. The percentages of rooting reached an average of 67.5% for P. arboreum, 51.6% for P. cernuum and 50.4% for P. diospyrifolium. A positive effect in the treatments containing the plant regulator was observed for rooting development, percentage of cuttings with shoots and number of roots per propagule, but there were variations in the responses of each species. Leaf retention was an important factor for the adventitious rooting formation in all evaluated species.Bibliografía y webgrafía: páginas 498-499application/pdfengUniversidad Pedagógica y Tecnológica de ColombiaCopyright (c) 2018 Universidad Pedagógica y Tecnológica de Colombiahttps://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0/info:eu-repo/semantics/closedAccessAtribución-NoComercial-SinDerivadas 4.0 Internacional (CC BY-NC-ND 4.0)http://purl.org/coar/access_right/c_14cbhttps://revistas.uptc.edu.co/index.php/ciencias_horticolas/article/view/7359/7111Propagation of three native Brazilian Piper species by cuttings and indole butyric acidPropagación de tres especies nativas brasileñas de Piper usando estacas y ácido indolbutíricoArtículo de revistahttp://purl.org/coar/resource_type/c_6501http://purl.org/coar/resource_type/c_2df8fbb1info:eu-repo/semantics/articleinfo:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersionTexthttps://purl.org/redcol/resource_type/ARThttp://purl.org/coar/version/c_970fb48d4fbd8a85Bergo, C.L. 2010. Estudos agronômicos e fitoquímicos de Piper hispidinervum C.DC. e Piper aduncum L. para produção de safrol e dilapiol. Ph.D. thesis. Universidade Federal do Parana, Curitiba-PR, Brazil.Bernuci, K.Z., C.C. Iwanaga, C.M.M. Fernandez-Andrade, F.B. Lorenzetti, E.C. Torres-Santos, V.S. Faiões, J.E. Gonçalves, W. Amaral, C. Deschamps, R.B.L. Scodro, R.F. Cardoso, V.P. Baldin, and D.A.G. Cortez. 2016. Evaluation of chemical composition and antileishmanial and antituberculosis activities of essential oils of piper species. Molecules 21(1698), 3-12Cunha, A.L.B., F.C.M. Chaves, A.C. Batista, and A.F. Hidalgo. 2015. Propagação vegetativa de estacas de Piper hispidum Sw. em diferentes substratos. Rev. Bras. Plantas Med. 17(4), 685-692. 10.1590/1983-084X/14_113Dousseau, S. 2009. Propagação, características fotossintéticas, estruturais, fitoquímicas e crescimento inicial de Piper aduncum L. (Piperaeae). Tesis. Universidade Federal de Lavras, Lavras-MG, Brazil.Flora do Brasil. 2018. Piperaceae. In: Jardim Botânico do Rio de Janeiro, http://floradobrasil.jbrj.gov.br/reflora/floradobrasil/ FB12735; consulted: March, 2018.Gasparetto, A., A.B. Cruz, T.M. Wagner, T.J. Bonomini, R. Correa, and A. Malheiros. 2017. Seasonal variation in the chemical composition, antimicrobial and mutagenic potential of essencial oils from Piper cernuum. Ind. Crops Prod. 95, 256-263. Doi: 10.1016/j. indcrop.2016.10.030Girola, N., C.R. Figueiredo, C.F. Farias, R.A. Azevedo, A.K. Ferreira, S.F. Teixeira, T.M. Capello, E.G.A. Martins, A.L. Matsuo, L. Travassos, and J.H.G. Lago. 2015. Camphene isolated from essential oil of Piper cernuum (Piperaceae) induces intrinsic apoptosis in melanoma cells and displays antitumor activity in vivo. Biochem. Biophys. Res. Com. 467(4), 928-934. Doi: 10.1016/j. bbrc.2015.10.041Gomes, E.N. and D. Krinski. 2016a. Propagação vegetativa de Piper amalago L. (Piperaceae) em função de tipos de estaca e substratos. Cult. Agron. 25(2), 199-210.Gomes, E.N. and D. Krinski. 2016b. Propagação vegetativa de Piper umbellatum L. (Piperaceae) em função de substratos e comprimentos de estacas. Sci. Agrar. 17(3), 31-37.Guimaraes, E.F. and D. Monteiro. 2006. Piperaceae na reserva biológica de Poço das antas, Silva Jardim, Rio de Janeiro, Brasil. Rodriguésia 57(3), 567-587. Doi: 10.1590/2175-7860200657312Hartmann, H.T., D.E. Kester, F.T. Davies Junior, and R.L. Geneve. 2002. Principles of propagation by cuttings. pp. 280-343. En: Hartmann, H.T., F.T. Davies, and D.E. Kester (eds.). Plant propagation: principles and practices. 7th ed. Prentice Hall, Englewood Cliffs, NJ, USALopes, J.J., C. Marx, R. Ingrassia, J.N. Picada, P. Pereira, and A.B.F. Ferraz. 2012. Neurobehavioral and toxicological activities of two potentially CNS-acting medicinal plants of Piper genus. Exp. Toxicol. Pathol. 64, 9-14. Doi: 10.1016/j.etp.2010.05.012Mariot, A., J.V. Odorizzi, J. Nascimento, and M.S. Reis. 2007. Uso e conservação de Piper cernuum Vell. (Piperaceae) na Mata Atlântica: II. Estrutura demográfica e potencial de manejo em floresta primária e secundária. Rev. Bras. Plantas Med. 9(1), 13-20.Mesquita, J.M.O., C. Cavaleiro, A.P. Cunha, J.A. Lombardi, and A.B. Oliveira. 2005. Estudo comparativo dos óleos voláteis de algumas espécies de Piperaceae. Rev. Bras. Farmacogn. 15, 6-12. Doi: 10.1590/S0102-695X2005000100003Oliveira, G.B., D.L. Moreira, A.D.R. Mendes., E.F. Guimarães, L.S. Figueiredo, M.A.C. Kaplan, and E.R. Martins. 2013. Growth study and essential oil analysis of Piper aduncum from two sites of Cerrado biome of Minas Gerais State, Brazil. Rev. Bras. Farmacogn. 23(5), 743-753. Doi: 10.1590/S0102-695X2013000500005Pacheco, F.V., R.P. Avelar, I.C.A. Alvarenga, S.K.V. Bertolucci, A.A. Alvarenga, and J.E.B.P. Pinto. 2016. Essential oil of monkey-pepper (Piper aduncum L.) cultivated under different light environments. Ind. Crops Prod. 85, 251-257. 10.1016/j.indcrop.2016.03.016Pereira, A.C.R.L., J.V. Oliveira, M.G.C. Gondim-Junior, and C.A.G. Câmara. 2008. Atividade inseticida de óleos essenciais e fixos sobre Callosobruchus maculatus (Fabr., 1775) (Coleoptera: Bruchidae) em grãos de caupi [Vigna unguiculata (L.) Walp.]. Ciênc. Agrotec. 32(3), 717- 724. Doi: 10.1590/S1413-70542008000300003Perigo, C.V., R.B. Bernacci, E.F. Guimaraes, L.L. Haber, R. Facanali, M.A.R. Vieira, V. Quecini, and M.O.M. Marques. 2016. The chemical composition and antibacterial activity of eleven Piper species from distinct rainforest areas in Southeastern Brazil. Crops Natural Prod. 94, 528-539. Doi: 10.1016/j.indcrop.2016.09.028Pescador, R., A.C. Voltoni, C.G. Rolaardi, and F.A. Rosa. 2007. Estaquia de pariparoba-do-Rio Grande do Sul sob efeito do ácido indol-butírico em dois substratos. Sci. Agric. 8(4), 391-398. Doi: 10.5380/rsa.v8i4.9886Potzernheim, M., H.R. Bizzo, T.S. Agostini-Costa, R.F. Vieira, M. Carvalho-Cilva, and L.A.M.B. Gracindo 2006. Chemical characterization of seven Piper species (Piperaceae) from Federal District, Brazil, based on vovolatile oil constituents. Rev. Bras. Plantas Med. 8, 10-12.Silva, R.J.F., A.C.A. Aguiar-Dias, K.C.F. Faial, and M.S. Mendonça. 2016. Caracterizacao farmacognostica de Piper arboreum e P. tuberculatum (Piperaceae). Acta Amaz. 46(2), 195-208. Doi: 10.1590/ S0044-59672007000200004Silva, F.A.S. and C.A.V. Azevedo. 2016. Comparison of means of agricultural experimentation data through different tests using the software assistant. Afr. J. Agric. Res. 37(11), 3527-3531Silva, A.L.L., F.C.M. Chaves, R.C. Lameira, and R.C. Bizzo. 2013. Rendimento e composição do óleo essencial de P. aduncum L. cultivado em Manaus, AM, em função da densidade de plantas e épocas de corte. Rev. Bras. Plantas Med. 15(4), 670-674. Doi: 10.1590/ S1516-05722013000500007Souza, L.A.d., I.S. Moscheta, K.S.M. Mourão, A.L.M. Albiero, M.d.C. Iwazaki, J.H.G.d. Oliveira, and S.M.d. Rosa. 2009. Vegetative propagation in Piperaceae species. Braz. Arch. Biol. Biotechnol. 52(6), 1357-1361. Doi. 10.1590/S1516-89132009000600006Vieira, S.C.H., L.F. Paulo, T.I.E. Svidzinski, B.P. Dias Filho, C.V. Nakamura, A. Souza, M.C.M. Young, and D.A.G. Cortez. 2011. Antifungal activity of P. diospyrifolium Kunth, (Piperaceae) essential oil. Braz. J. Microbiol. 42, 1001-1006. Doi: 10.1590/S1517-83822011000300020Vignolo, G.K., L. Picolotto, M.A. Goncalves, I.S. Pereira, and L.E.C. Antunes. 2014. Presença de folhas no enraizamento de estacas de amoreira-preta. Cienc. Rural 44(3), 467-472. Doi: 10.1590/S0103-84782014000300013Revista Colombiana de Ciencias Hortícolas;Volumen 12, número 2 (Mayo-Agosto 2018)Propagación vegetalAgrosaviaSpecies domesticationBiological activityEssential oilPlant growth regulatorsPlant propagationDomesticación de especiesActividad biológicaAceite esencialReguladores de crecimiento vegetalPropagación de plantasLICENSElicense.txtlicense.txttext/plain; charset=utf-814798https://repositorio.uptc.edu.co/bitstreams/5ca0d947-8037-4a16-962a-66df2aff37ca/download88794144ff048353b359a3174871b0d5MD52ORIGINALPPS_1526_Propagation_of_three_native.pdfPPS_1526_Propagation_of_three_native.pdfArchivo principalapplication/pdf1006369https://repositorio.uptc.edu.co/bitstreams/91f9773f-3326-4276-aba8-727dbff7492f/download7c4fd122461a52030e58d809fd165260MD51TEXTPPS_1526.pdf.txtPPS_1526.pdf.txtExtracted 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