The spatial heterogeneity of factors of feminicide: The case of Antioquia-Colombia

In Latin America, homicide is a leading cause of death among women. The aim of this paper is to examine the spatial heterogeneity of factors influencing feminicide in Antioquia, Colombia. This article adds the impact of drug trafficking location on feminicide to the existing research. Classic models...

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Fecha de publicación:
2018
Institución:
Universidad de Medellín
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Repositorio UDEM
Idioma:
eng
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oai:repository.udem.edu.co:11407/4573
Acceso en línea:
http://hdl.handle.net/11407/4573
Palabra clave:
Coca production; Drug trafficking; Feminicide; Geographically weighted Poisson regression; Spatial non-stationarity
drug; Gross Domestic Product; heterogeneity; mortality; parameterization; regression analysis; trafficking; womens status; Antioquia [Colombia]; Colombia
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id REPOUDEM2_b5caee78c395858b08cb25d6ff5f58b2
oai_identifier_str oai:repository.udem.edu.co:11407/4573
network_acronym_str REPOUDEM2
network_name_str Repositorio UDEM
repository_id_str
dc.title.spa.fl_str_mv The spatial heterogeneity of factors of feminicide: The case of Antioquia-Colombia
title The spatial heterogeneity of factors of feminicide: The case of Antioquia-Colombia
spellingShingle The spatial heterogeneity of factors of feminicide: The case of Antioquia-Colombia
Coca production; Drug trafficking; Feminicide; Geographically weighted Poisson regression; Spatial non-stationarity
drug; Gross Domestic Product; heterogeneity; mortality; parameterization; regression analysis; trafficking; womens status; Antioquia [Colombia]; Colombia
title_short The spatial heterogeneity of factors of feminicide: The case of Antioquia-Colombia
title_full The spatial heterogeneity of factors of feminicide: The case of Antioquia-Colombia
title_fullStr The spatial heterogeneity of factors of feminicide: The case of Antioquia-Colombia
title_full_unstemmed The spatial heterogeneity of factors of feminicide: The case of Antioquia-Colombia
title_sort The spatial heterogeneity of factors of feminicide: The case of Antioquia-Colombia
dc.contributor.affiliation.spa.fl_str_mv Faculty of Basic Sciences, University of Medellin, Medellin, Colombia; Department of Quantitative Methods for Economics and Business, University of Granada, Spain; Faculty of Economics and Business Administration, Campus de Cartuja s/n, Granada, Spain; Department of Sociology, University of Granada, Spain; Faculty of Political Sciences and Sociology, Rector López Argüeta, Granada, Spain
dc.subject.keyword.eng.fl_str_mv Coca production; Drug trafficking; Feminicide; Geographically weighted Poisson regression; Spatial non-stationarity
drug; Gross Domestic Product; heterogeneity; mortality; parameterization; regression analysis; trafficking; womens status; Antioquia [Colombia]; Colombia
topic Coca production; Drug trafficking; Feminicide; Geographically weighted Poisson regression; Spatial non-stationarity
drug; Gross Domestic Product; heterogeneity; mortality; parameterization; regression analysis; trafficking; womens status; Antioquia [Colombia]; Colombia
description In Latin America, homicide is a leading cause of death among women. The aim of this paper is to examine the spatial heterogeneity of factors influencing feminicide in Antioquia, Colombia. This article adds the impact of drug trafficking location on feminicide to the existing research. Classic models assume that the parameters of these factors are spatially distributed in a constant manner. However, this assumption has been frequently challenged due to the systematic differences of feminicide occurring within different geographical units, giving rise to the presence of spatial heterogeneity. In this article, geographically weighted Poisson regression (GWPR) is used to explore the spatial heterogeneity in these data relationships. Feminicide in the Department of Antioquia, Colombia, is studied using a range of classic explanatory factors. The results show that, in addition to the classic factors, coca-producing areas in Antioquia are directly related to number of feminicides. The findings also show that relationships in feminicide data are better presented by GWPR than by the classic model. © 2018 Elsevier Ltd
publishDate 2018
dc.date.accessioned.none.fl_str_mv 2018-04-13T16:35:13Z
dc.date.available.none.fl_str_mv 2018-04-13T16:35:13Z
dc.date.created.none.fl_str_mv 2018
dc.type.eng.fl_str_mv Article
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dc.type.coar.fl_str_mv http://purl.org/coar/resource_type/c_6501
http://purl.org/coar/resource_type/c_2df8fbb1
dc.type.driver.none.fl_str_mv info:eu-repo/semantics/article
dc.identifier.issn.none.fl_str_mv 1436228
dc.identifier.uri.none.fl_str_mv http://hdl.handle.net/11407/4573
dc.identifier.doi.none.fl_str_mv 10.1016/j.apgeog.2018.01.006
identifier_str_mv 1436228
10.1016/j.apgeog.2018.01.006
url http://hdl.handle.net/11407/4573
dc.language.iso.none.fl_str_mv eng
language eng
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dc.relation.ispartofes.spa.fl_str_mv Applied Geography
dc.relation.references.spa.fl_str_mv Agnew, H.R., Reframing ‘Femicide’: Making room for the balloon effect of drug war violence in studying female homicides in Mexico and Central America (2015) Territory, Politics, Governance, 3 (4), pp. 428-445; Alhabib, S., Nur, U., Jones, R., Domestic violence against women: Systematic review of prevalence studies (2010) Journal of Family Violence, 25 (4), pp. 369-382; Anselin, L., Spatial Econometrics: Methods and models (1988), Kluwer Academic Publishers Dordrecht; Baller, R.D., Anselin, L., Messner, S.F., Deane, G., Hawkins, D.F., Structural covariates of us county homicide rates: Incorporating spatial effects* (2001) Criminology, 39 (3), pp. 561-588; Baron, L., Straus, M.A., Strauss, M.A., Cultural and economic sources of homicide in the United States (1988) Sociological Quarterly, pp. 371-390; Bejarano Celaya, M., El feminicidio es sólo la punta del iceberg (2014) Región y sociedad, 26 (ESPECIAL4), pp. 13-44; Benavides, Q., XII Informe sobre violencia sociopolítica contra mujeres, jóvenes y niñas en Colombia. Violencia sexual en el marco del conflicto armado: una mirada diferencial: Mesa de Trabajo “Mujer y Conflicto armado” (2015), Bogotá; Beyer, K.M., Layde, P.M., Hamberger, L.K., Laud, P.W., Does neighborhood environment differentiate intimate partner femicides from other femicides? (2014) Violence Against Women, pp. 49-64; Bhalotra, S.R., Chakravarty, A., Gulesci, S., The price of Gold: Dowry and death in India (2016) IZA. Discussion paper series, 9679, pp. 1-74; Brewer, V.E., Smith, M.D., Gender inequality and rates of female homicide victimization across US cities (1995) Journal of Research in Crime and Delinquency, 32 (2), pp. 175-190; Brickell, K., Maddrell, A., Gendered violences: The elephant in the room and moving beyond the elephantine (2016) Dialogues in Human Geography, 6 (2), pp. 206-208; Browning, C.R., The span of collective efficacy: Extending social disorganization theory to partner violence (2002) Journal of Marriage and Family, 64 (4), pp. 833-850; Cahill, M., Mulligan, G., Using geographically weighted regression to explore local crime patterns (2007) Social Science Computer Review, 25 (2), pp. 174-193; Camargo, P.M., Pérez, E.S., La fecundidad adolescente en el departamento del Atlántico (2016) Revista Economía y Región, 10 (1), pp. 73-118; Campbell, H., Drug war zone: Frontline dispatches from the streets of El Paso and Juárez (2010), University of Texas Press; Campbell, J.C., Webster, D.W., Glass, N., The danger assessment validation of a lethality risk assessment instrument for intimate partner femicide (2009) Journal of Interpersonal Violence, 24 (4), pp. 653-674; Campbell, J.C., Webster, D., Koziol-McLain, J., Block, C., Campbell, D., Curry, M.A., Sachs, C., Risk factors for femicide in abusive relationships: Results from a multisite case control study (2003) American Journal of Public Health, 93 (7), pp. 1089-1097; Carlson-Whitley, A.K., Dowry death: A violation of the right to life under article six of the international covenant on civil and political rights (1993) University of Puget Sound Law Review, 17, p. 637; Carmona López, A., Gómez Caballero, A., Castro Rodríguez, L., Feminicide in Latin America and the movement for Women's human rights (2013) Terrorizing Women: Feminicide in the Americas, pp. 157-179; Castaneda Salgado, M.P., Feminicide in Mexico: An approach through academic, activist and artistic work (2016) Current Sociology, 64 (7), pp. 1054-1070; Cleveland, W.S., Robust locally weighted regression and smoothing scatterplots (1979) Journal of the American Statistical Association, 74 (368), pp. 829-836; Córdoba, M.S.T., Ghost dance in Ciudad Juárez at the end/beginning of the millennium. Making a killing: Femicide, free trade, and La Frontera (2010), University of Texas Press Austin; Covington, D.L., Justason, B.J., Wright, L.N., Severity, manifestations, and consequences of violence among pregnant adolescents (2001) Journal of Adolescent Health, 28 (1), pp. 55-61; Coy, M., Kelly, L., Foord, J., Bowstead, J., Roads to nowhere? Mapping violence against women services (2011) Violence Against Women, 17 (3), pp. 404-425; D'Antonio-Del Rio, J.M., Doucet, J.M., Chauvin, C.D., Violent and vindictive women: A re-analysis of the southern subculture of violence (2010) Sociological Spectrum, 30 (5), pp. 484-503; Departamento Administrativo Nacional de Estadística, Atlas estadístico de Colombia (2016), http://sige.dane.gov.co/atlasestadistico/, DANE Bogotá; Departamento Nacional de Planeación, Bases del Plan Nacional de Desarrollo 2014-2018 (2013), pp. 1-825; Díaz, A.M., Torres, F.J.S., Geografía de los cultivos ilícitos y conflicto armado en Colombia (2004), Universidad de los Andes, Facultad de Economía, CEDE; Dobson, A.J., Barnett, A., An introduction to generalized linear models (2008), CRC press; Flores, M., Sparks, C.S., Poverty and female homicide in Mexican municipalities: A Bayesian spatio-temporal analysis (2017), Nopoor; Fotheringham, A.S., Brunsdon, C., Charlton, M., Geographically weighted regression: The analysis of spatially varying relationships (2003), John Wiley & Sons; Fragoso, J.M., Feminicidio sexual serial en Ciudad Juárez: 1993-2001 (2002) Debate Feminista, 25, pp. 279-305; Fragoso, J., Cervera Gómez, L., Spatial and temporal behavior of three paradigmatic cases of violence in Ciudad Juarez, Chihuahua México: Feminicide, homicide and involuntary disappearances of girls and women (1993–2013) (2013) Report presented to Mr. Christ of Heyns Special Rapporteur on extrajudicial, summary or arbitrary executions United Nations Human Rights Office of the High Commissioner for Human Rights, El Colegio de la Frontera Norte; Fregoso, R.-L., Bejarano, C., Terrorizing women: Feminicide in the Americas (2009), Duke University Press; Friman, H.R., Drug markets and the selective use of violence (2009) Crime, Law and Social Change, 52 (3), pp. 285-295; Frye, V., Galea, S., Tracy, M., Bucciarelli, A., Putnam, S., Wilt, S., The role of neighborhood environment and risk of intimate partner femicide in a large urban area (2008) American Journal of Public Health, 98 (8), p. 1473; Frye, V., Wilt, S., Femicide and social disorganization (2001) Violence Against Women, 7 (3), pp. 335-351; Fuentes, C.M., Hernández, V., Assessing spatial pattern of crime in Ciudad Juárez, Chihuahua, Mexico (2009): The macrolevel, mesolevel and microlevel approaches (2013) International Journal of Criminology and Sociological Theory, 6 (4); Grana, S.J., Sociostructural considerations of domestic femicide (2001) Journal of Family Violence, 16 (4), pp. 421-435; Grosfoguel, R., Oso, L., Christou, A., ‘Racism’, intersectionality and migration studies: Framing some theoretical reflections (2015) Identities, 22 (6), pp. 635-652; Hurvich, C.M., Simonoff, J.S., Tsai, C.L., Smoothing parameter selection in nonparametric regression using an improved Akaike information criterion (1998) Journal of the Royal Statistical Society: Series B (Statistical Methodology), 60 (2), pp. 271-293; IACHR (Inter-American Commission on Human Rights), Annual report of the inter-American commission on human rights 2012 (2013), Washington; Incháustegui Romero, T., Sociología y política del feminicidio; algunas claves interpretativas a partir de caso mexicano (2014) Sociedade e Estado, 29 (2), pp. 373-400; Incháustegui, T., López, P., Echarri, C., Violencia feminicida en México. Características, tendencias y nuevas expresiones en las entidades federativas, 1985-2010: Editorial Sestante SA de CV (2012); Ingram, M.C., Marchesini da Costa, M., Geographies of violence: A spatial analysis of five types of homicide in Brazil's municipalities (2015) Kellogg Institute for international studies, working paper series, 405; Instituto Nacional de Medicina Legal y Ciencias Forenses (INMLCF), Violencia de Género en Colombia (2014), http://www.medicinalegal.gov.co/, INMLCF Colombia Retrieved from; Internal Displacement Monitoring Center (IDMC), Displacement continues despite hopes for peace (2014), http://www.internal-displacement.org/americas/colombia/2014/displacement-continues-despite-hopes-for-peace, Retrieved from; Land, K.C., McCall, P.L., Cohen, L.E., Structural covariates of homicide rates: Are there any invariances across time and social space? (1990) American Journal of Sociology, pp. 922-963; Laurent, C., Platzer, M., Idomir, M., Femicide (2013) A Global Issue That Demands Action, 1, pp. 1-7; Leung, Y., Mei, C.-L., Zhang, W.-X., Statistical tests for spatial nonstationarity based on the geographically weighted regression model (2000) Environment and Planning A, 32 (1), pp. 9-32; Li, Kirby, R.S., Sigler, R.T., Hwang, S.-S., LaGory, M.E., Goldenberg, R.L., A multilevel analysis of individual, household, and neighborhood correlates of intimate partner violence among low-income pregnant women in Jefferson County, Alabama (2010) American Journal of Public Health, 100 (3), pp. 531-539; Li, Z., Wang, W., Liu, P., Bigham, J.M., Ragland, D.R., Using geographically weighted Poisson regression for county-level crash modeling in California (2013) Safety Science, 58, pp. 89-97; Loftin, C., Hill, R.H., Regional subculture and homicide: An examination of the Gastil-Hackney thesis (1974) American Sociological Review, pp. 714-724; López-Pons, M.M., La Violencia de Género en el Territorio Latinoamericano, a través de la Ocurrencia Creciente de los Feminicidios en la Región/Gender Violence in Latin American Territory, through the Increased Occurrence (2011) Revista Latino-Americana de Geografia e Gênero, 1 (1), pp. 78-88; Martin, P.M., Carvajal, N., Feminicide as ‘act'and ‘process’: A geography of gendered violence in oaxaca (2016) Gender, Place & Culture, 23 (7), pp. 989-1002; McCall, P.L., Land, K.C., Parker, K.F., An empirical assessment of what we know about structural covariates of homicide rates: A return to a classic 20 years later (2010) Homicide Studies, 14 (3), pp. 219-243; Menjívar, C., Walsh, S.D., The architecture of feminicide: The state, inequalities, and everyday gender violence in Honduras (2017) Latin American Research Review, 52 (2); Mennis, J., Mapping the results of geographically weighted regression (2013) The Cartographic Journal, 43 (2), pp. 171-179; Messing, J.T., Campbell, J.C., Snider, C., Validation and adaptation of the danger assessment-5: A brief intimate partner violence risk assessment (2017) Journal of Advanced Nursing, 73 (12), pp. 3220-3230; Moran, P.A., Notes on continuous stochastic phenomena (1950) Biometrika, 37 (1-2), pp. 17-23; Nakaya, T., GWR4 user manual (2014), http://www.st-andrews.ac.uk/geoinformatics/wp-content/uploads/GWR4manual_201311.pdf, WWW Document. 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Brazil (1994), pp. 1-6; Pengpid, S., Peltzer, K., McFarlane, J., Puckpinyo, A., Intimate partner violence among pregnant women and women attending out-patient services in Thailand: A longitudinal study (2016) Gender and Behaviour, 14 (3), pp. 7533-7546; Pinchevsky, G.M., Wright, E.M., The impact of neighborhoods on intimate partner violence and victimization (2012) Trauma, Violence, & Abuse, 13 (2), pp. 112-132; Richani, N., Systems of violence: The political economy of war and peace in Colombia (2013), Suny Press; Russell, D.E., Rape in marriage (1982), Macmillan New York; Russell, D.E., Femicide: Politicizing the killing of females (2008) Strengthening Understanding of Femicide, pp. 27-33; Sampson, R.J., Groves, W.B., Community structure and crime: Testing social-disorganization theory (1989) American Journal of Sociology, pp. 774-802; Sánchez, M.I.C., Paramilitarism and state-terrorism in Mexico as a case study of shrinking functions of the neoliberal state (2014) Perspectives on Global Development and Technology, 13 (1-2), pp. 176-196; Sánchez Zuleta, C.C., Montoya Gómez, B., Sepúlveda Murillo, F.H., Lesiones fatales y no fatales en Antioquia (2015), Universidad de Medellin. Repositorio Institucional; Sanford, V., From genocide to feminicide: Impunity and human rights in twenty-first century Guatemala (2008) Journal of Human Rights, 7 (2), pp. 104-122; Schatz, S., Sexual homicide of women on the US-Mexican Border (2017), Springer; Segato, R.L., La escritura en el cuerpo de las mujeres asesinadas en Ciudad Juárez: Territorio, soberanía y crímenes de segundo estado (2006), JSTOR; Shalhoub-Kervorkian, N., Daher-Nashif, S., Femicide and colonization between the politics of exclusion and the culture of control (2013) Violence Against Women, 19 (3), pp. 295-315; Silverman, J.G., Raj, A., Mucci, L.A., Hathaway, J.E., Dating violence against adolescent girls and associated substance use, unhealthy weight control, sexual risk behavior, pregnancy, and suicidality (2001) Jama, 286 (5), pp. 572-579; Stöckl, H., Devries, K., Rotstein, A., Abrahams, N., Campbell, J., Watts, C., The global prevalence of intimate partner homicide: A systematic review (2013) The Lancet, 382 (9895), pp. 859-865; Stone, L., James, C., Dowry, bride-burning, and female power in India (1995) Women's Studies International Forum, 18 (2), pp. 125-134; Straus, M.A., State-to-state differences in social inequality and social bonds in relation to assaults on wives in the United States (1994) Journal of Comparative Family Studies, pp. 7-24; Team R Core, R: A language and environment for statistical computing (2013), http://www.R-project.org/, R Foundation for Statistical Computing Vienna, Austria URL; Unidad para la Atención y Reparación Integral a las Víctimas, República de Colombia, Informe de Desplazamiento Forzado en Colombia, 1985 a 2012 (2013); Unted Nations Office on Drugs and Crime (UNODC), Cultivos de Coca. Estadísticas municipales, censo 31 de diciembre de 2013 (2014), UNODC Bogotá; Unted Nations Office on Drugs and Crime (UNODC), Global study on homicide 2013 (2014), Vienna; Walsh, S.D., Menjívar, C., Impunity and multisided violence in the lives of Latin American women: El Salvador in comparative perspective (2016) Current Sociology, 64 (4), pp. 586-602; Widyono, M., Conceptualizing femicide (2008) Paper presented at the an opening panel discussion for the meeting was co-sponsored by the interagency gender working group (IGWG) of the US agency for international development, , www.alianzaintercambios.org, www.igwg.org, The presentations are available at:; Wilcox, P., Land, K.C., Hunt, S.A., Criminal circumstance: A dynamic multi-contextual criminal opportunity theory (2003), Transaction Publishers; World Health Organization, Understanding and addressing violence against women: Overview (2012), WHO Department of Reproductive Health; World Health Organization (WHO), Understanding and addressing violence against women: Femicide (2012), pp. 1-12; World Health Organization (WHO), Global and regional estimates of violence against women: Prevalence and health effects of intimate partner violence and non-partner sexual violence (2013), WHO Geneva; Wright, M.W., Necropolitics, narcopolitics, and femicide: Gendered violence on the Mexico-US border (2011) Signs, 36 (3), pp. 707-731
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spelling 2018-04-13T16:35:13Z2018-04-13T16:35:13Z20181436228http://hdl.handle.net/11407/457310.1016/j.apgeog.2018.01.006In Latin America, homicide is a leading cause of death among women. The aim of this paper is to examine the spatial heterogeneity of factors influencing feminicide in Antioquia, Colombia. This article adds the impact of drug trafficking location on feminicide to the existing research. Classic models assume that the parameters of these factors are spatially distributed in a constant manner. However, this assumption has been frequently challenged due to the systematic differences of feminicide occurring within different geographical units, giving rise to the presence of spatial heterogeneity. In this article, geographically weighted Poisson regression (GWPR) is used to explore the spatial heterogeneity in these data relationships. Feminicide in the Department of Antioquia, Colombia, is studied using a range of classic explanatory factors. The results show that, in addition to the classic factors, coca-producing areas in Antioquia are directly related to number of feminicides. The findings also show that relationships in feminicide data are better presented by GWPR than by the classic model. © 2018 Elsevier LtdengElsevier LtdFacultad de Ciencias Básicashttps://www.scopus.com/inward/record.uri?eid=2-s2.0-85041644852&doi=10.1016%2fj.apgeog.2018.01.006&partnerID=40&md5=32703ca08f475a8f10f0110e7b77110fApplied GeographyAgnew, H.R., Reframing ‘Femicide’: Making room for the balloon effect of drug war violence in studying female homicides in Mexico and Central America (2015) Territory, Politics, Governance, 3 (4), pp. 428-445; Alhabib, S., Nur, U., Jones, R., Domestic violence against women: Systematic review of prevalence studies (2010) Journal of Family Violence, 25 (4), pp. 369-382; Anselin, L., Spatial Econometrics: Methods and models (1988), Kluwer Academic Publishers Dordrecht; Baller, R.D., Anselin, L., Messner, S.F., Deane, G., Hawkins, D.F., Structural covariates of us county homicide rates: Incorporating spatial effects* (2001) Criminology, 39 (3), pp. 561-588; Baron, L., Straus, M.A., Strauss, M.A., Cultural and economic sources of homicide in the United States (1988) Sociological Quarterly, pp. 371-390; Bejarano Celaya, M., El feminicidio es sólo la punta del iceberg (2014) Región y sociedad, 26 (ESPECIAL4), pp. 13-44; Benavides, Q., XII Informe sobre violencia sociopolítica contra mujeres, jóvenes y niñas en Colombia. Violencia sexual en el marco del conflicto armado: una mirada diferencial: Mesa de Trabajo “Mujer y Conflicto armado” (2015), Bogotá; Beyer, K.M., Layde, P.M., Hamberger, L.K., Laud, P.W., Does neighborhood environment differentiate intimate partner femicides from other femicides? (2014) Violence Against Women, pp. 49-64; Bhalotra, S.R., Chakravarty, A., Gulesci, S., The price of Gold: Dowry and death in India (2016) IZA. 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The aim of this paper is to examine the spatial heterogeneity of factors influencing feminicide in Antioquia, Colombia. This article adds the impact of drug trafficking location on feminicide to the existing research. Classic models assume that the parameters of these factors are spatially distributed in a constant manner. However, this assumption has been frequently challenged due to the systematic differences of feminicide occurring within different geographical units, giving rise to the presence of spatial heterogeneity. In this article, geographically weighted Poisson regression (GWPR) is used to explore the spatial heterogeneity in these data relationships. Feminicide in the Department of Antioquia, Colombia, is studied using a range of classic explanatory factors. The results show that, in addition to the classic factors, coca-producing areas in Antioquia are directly related to number of feminicides. The findings also show that relationships in feminicide data are better presented by GWPR than by the classic model. © 2018 Elsevier Ltdhttp://purl.org/coar/access_right/c_16ec11407/4573oai:repository.udem.edu.co:11407/45732020-05-27 17:45:45.84Repositorio Institucional Universidad de Medellinrepositorio@udem.edu.co