The Use of Lidar Data and VHR Imagery to Estimate the Effects of Tree Roots on Shallow Landslides Assessment

The study of geo-hazards has been benefited from the technological advances in the field of Remote Sensing (RS) techniques as the ALS (Airborne Laser Scanners) Systems with Very High Resolution (VHR) cameras. Recently, the LiDAR (Light Detection and Ranging) is an active sensor technique used for a...

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Fecha de publicación:: 2019

Institución:: Universidad de Medellín

Repositorio:: Repositorio UDEM

Idioma:: eng

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network_acronym_str	REPOUDEM2
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repository_id_str
dc.title.none.fl_str_mv	The Use of Lidar Data and VHR Imagery to Estimate the Effects of Tree Roots on Shallow Landslides Assessment
title	The Use of Lidar Data and VHR Imagery to Estimate the Effects of Tree Roots on Shallow Landslides Assessment
spellingShingle	The Use of Lidar Data and VHR Imagery to Estimate the Effects of Tree Roots on Shallow Landslides Assessment Antennas Image resolution Image segmentation Landslides Optical radar Remote sensing Surveys Urban planning Vegetation Airborne laser scanners Digital terrain model High spatial resolution LIDAR (light detection and ranging) Limit equilibrium methods Remote sensing techniques Stability indicators Technological advances Forestry
title_short	The Use of Lidar Data and VHR Imagery to Estimate the Effects of Tree Roots on Shallow Landslides Assessment
title_full	The Use of Lidar Data and VHR Imagery to Estimate the Effects of Tree Roots on Shallow Landslides Assessment
title_fullStr	The Use of Lidar Data and VHR Imagery to Estimate the Effects of Tree Roots on Shallow Landslides Assessment
title_full_unstemmed	The Use of Lidar Data and VHR Imagery to Estimate the Effects of Tree Roots on Shallow Landslides Assessment
title_sort	The Use of Lidar Data and VHR Imagery to Estimate the Effects of Tree Roots on Shallow Landslides Assessment
dc.subject.none.fl_str_mv	Antennas Image resolution Image segmentation Landslides Optical radar Remote sensing Surveys Urban planning Vegetation Airborne laser scanners Digital terrain model High spatial resolution LIDAR (light detection and ranging) Limit equilibrium methods Remote sensing techniques Stability indicators Technological advances Forestry
topic	Antennas Image resolution Image segmentation Landslides Optical radar Remote sensing Surveys Urban planning Vegetation Airborne laser scanners Digital terrain model High spatial resolution LIDAR (light detection and ranging) Limit equilibrium methods Remote sensing techniques Stability indicators Technological advances Forestry
description	The study of geo-hazards has been benefited from the technological advances in the field of Remote Sensing (RS) techniques as the ALS (Airborne Laser Scanners) Systems with Very High Resolution (VHR) cameras. Recently, the LiDAR (Light Detection and Ranging) is an active sensor technique used for a variety of geoscientific applications including slope monitoring to retrieve ground surface displacements at high spatial resolution. Additionally, LiDAR has been widely used in order to collect high-resolution information on forests structure for the determination and characterization of vegetation cover due its ability to capture multiple returns and to reach the ground, even in forested areas, allowing the generation of Digital Terrain Models (DTMs) for the estimation of forest variables. In this paper, a LiDAR dataset and VHR imagery from aerial survey was used in the southwest zone of Medellín City-Colombia where the most frequent landslides are shallow and triggered by rainfall. Slopes with gradients up to 30% on residual soils characterize the study area, having about of 30% of forest cover consisting predominantly of Eucalyptus and Coniferous forests. For the estimation of the tree roots effects on the shallow landslides assessment on a natural slope, interpolation processes were developed from the LiDAR 3D point cloud, obtaining DTMs of 1 m-pixel. Additionally, orthophotos with the same spatial resolution were acquired in the aerial campaign. The proposed workflow was implemented on a GIS platform, and considers the extraction of the tree heights by generating a Canopy Height Model (CHM), while for the delineation of the tree crown a process of image segmentation was developed. Once the vegetation has been characterized using LiDAR products and dendrometric relationships, the Limit Equilibrium Method (LEM) was used to evaluate slope stability considering the effect of vegetation (trees). The results indicate that the proposed workflow allows to obtain adequate stability indicators for the estimation of tree roots contribution and additionally, this RS technique allows saving resources in this kind of analysis. © Published under licence by IOP Publishing Ltd.
publishDate	2019
dc.date.accessioned.none.fl_str_mv	2020-04-29T14:53:44Z
dc.date.available.none.fl_str_mv	2020-04-29T14:53:44Z
dc.date.none.fl_str_mv	2019
dc.type.eng.fl_str_mv	Conference Paper
dc.type.coarversion.fl_str_mv	http://purl.org/coar/version/c_970fb48d4fbd8a85
dc.type.coar.fl_str_mv	http://purl.org/coar/resource_type/c_2df8fbb1
dc.type.driver.none.fl_str_mv	info:eu-repo/semantics/article
dc.identifier.issn.none.fl_str_mv	17578981
dc.identifier.uri.none.fl_str_mv	http://hdl.handle.net/11407/5709
dc.identifier.doi.none.fl_str_mv	10.1088/1757-899X/603/2/022010
identifier_str_mv	17578981 10.1088/1757-899X/603/2/022010
url	http://hdl.handle.net/11407/5709
dc.language.iso.none.fl_str_mv	eng
language	eng
dc.relation.isversionof.none.fl_str_mv	https://www.scopus.com/inward/record.uri?eid=2-s2.0-85072964539&doi=10.1088%2f1757-899X%2f603%2f2%2f022010&partnerID=40&md5=d3d078b726a8310e35e686f31165c900
dc.relation.citationvolume.none.fl_str_mv	603
dc.relation.citationissue.none.fl_str_mv	2
dc.relation.references.none.fl_str_mv	Rossi, L.M.W., Rapidel, B., Roupsard, O., Villatoro-Sánchez, M., Mao, Z., Nespoulous, J., Perez, J., Stokes, A., Sensitivity of the landslide model LAPSUS-LS to vegetation and soil parameters (2017) Ecol. Eng., 109, pp. 249-255 Giadrossich, F., Schwarz, M., Cohen, D., Cislaghi, A., Vergani, C., Hubble, T., Phillips, C., Stokes, A., Methods to measure the mechanical behaviour of tree roots: A review (2017) Ecol. Eng., 109, pp. 256-271 Chen, W., Li, X., Wang, Y., Chen, G., Liu, S., Forested landslide detection using LiDAR data and the random forest algorithm: A case study of the Three Gorges, China (2014) Remote Sens. Environ., 152, pp. 291-301 Kromer, R.A., Hutchinson, D.J., Lato, M.J., Gauthier, D., Edwards, T., Identifying rock slope failure precursors using LiDAR for transportation corridor hazard management (2015) Eng. Geol., 195, pp. 93-103 Vanneschi, C., Eyre, M., Francioni, M., Coggan, J., The Use of Remote Sensing Techniques for Monitoring and Characterization of Slope Instability (2017) Procedia Eng., 191, pp. 150-157 Lisein, J., Pierrot-Deseilligny, M., Bonnet, S., Lejeune, P., A Photogrammetric Workflow for the Creation of a Forest Canopy Height Model from Small Unmanned Aerial System Imagery (2013) Forests, 4, pp. 922-944 Dandois, J.P., Ellis, E.C., High spatial resolution three-dimensional mapping of vegetation spectral dynamics using computer vision (2013) Remote Sens. Environ., 136, pp. 259-276 The, T., Giha, V., Minseok, L., (2016) Shallow Landslide Assessment Considering the Influence of Vegetation Cover, 17, pp. 17-31 Vega, J.A., Hidalgo, C.A., Quantitative risk assessment of landslides triggered by earthquakes and rainfall based on direct costs of urban buildings (2016) Geomorphology, 273, pp. 217-235 Kumar, V., (2012) Forest Inventory Parameters and Carbon Mapping from Airbone LiDAR, 1. , (University of Twente) Wulder, M.A., Bater, C.W., Coops, N.C., Hilker, T., White, J.C., The role of LiDAR in sustainable forest management (2008) For. Chron., 84, pp. 807-826 White, J., Wulder, M., Vastaranta, M., Coops, N., Pitt, D., Woods, M., The Utility of Image-Based Point Clouds for Forest Inventory: A Comparison with Airborne Laser Scanning (2013) Forests, 4, pp. 518-536 Tesfamichael, S.G., Van Aardt, J.A.N., Ahmed, F., Estimating plot-level tree height and volume of eucalyptus grandis plantations using small-footprint, discrete return lidar data (2010) Prog. Phys. Geogr., 34, pp. 515-540 Brown, S., Gillespie, A., Lugo, A., Biomass Estimation Methods for Tropical Forests with Applications to Forest Inventory Data (1989) For. Sci., 35, pp. 881-902 Ospina, P.C.M., Hernández, R.R.J., Rodas, P.C.A., Urrego, J.B., Riaño, H.N.M., Aristizábal, V.F.A., Godoy, B.J.A., Osorio, L.O.I., (2006) El Eucalipto/Eucalyptus Grandis/W. Hill Ex Maiden. Guías Silviculturales Para El Manejo de Especies Forestales Con Miras a la Producción de Madera en la Zona Andina Colombiana, 1. , 958 97441-7-6 Cenicafé, Ed Kokutse, N., Fourcaud, T., Kokou, K., Neglo, K., Lac, P., 3D Numerical Modelling and Analysis of the Influence of Forest Structure on Hill Slopes Stability (2006) Disaster Mitig. Debris Flows, Slope Fail. Landslides, pp. 561-567 Temgoua, A.G.T., Kokutse, N.K., Kavazovi?, Z., Influence of forest stands and root morphologies on hillslope stability (2016) Ecol. Eng., 95, pp. 622-634 Hubble, T.C.T., Docker, B.B., Rutherfurd, I.D., The role of riparian trees in maintaining riverbank stability: A review of Australian experience and practice (2010) Ecol. Eng., 36, pp. 292-304 Forestry Comission, G., Recommended Community Tree Ordinance Tree Conservation Standards Chiaradia, E.A., Vergani, C., Bischetti, G.B., Evaluation of the effects of three European forest types on slope stability by field and probabilistic analyses and their implications for forest management (2016) For. Ecol. Manage., 370, pp. 114-129 Hall, D.E., Long, M.T., Remboldt, M.D., Hall, D.E., Long, M.T., Remboldt, M.D., (1994) Slope Stability Reference Guide for National Forest in the United States, 2. , Hall D. E., Long M. T. and Remboldt M. D. ed D.E Hall, M.T Long and M.D Remboldt (Washington D.C: United States Department of Agriculture - Forest Service) 0-16-045365-8 Mao, Z., Yang, M., Bourrier, F., Fourcaud, T., Evaluation of root reinforcement models using numerical modelling approaches (2014) Plant Soil, 381 Hubble, T.C.T., Airey, D.W., Sealey, H.K., De Carli, E.V., Clarke, S.L., A little cohesion goes a long way: Estimating appropriate values of additional root cohesion for evaluating slope stability in the Eastern Australian highlands (2013) Ecol. Eng., 61, pp. 621-632 Docker, B.B., Hubble, T.C.T., Quantifying root-reinforcement of river bank soils by four Australian tree species (2008) Geomorphology, 100, pp. 401-418 Docker, B.B., Hubble, T.C.T., Modelling the distribution of enhanced soil shear strength beneath riparian trees of south-eastern Australia (2009) Ecol. Eng., 35, pp. 921-934 Wu, T.H., McKinnell, W.P., Swanston, D.N., Strength of tree roots and landslides on Prince of Wales Island, Alaska (1979) Can. Geotech. J., 16, pp. 19-33. , Wu T. H., McKinnell W. P. III and Swanston D. N Holsworth, L., (2014) Numerical Analysis of Vegetation Effects on Slope Stability Coder, K.D., (2014) Tree Anchorage & Root Strength, 1 Genet, M., Stokes, A., Fourcaud, T., Norris, J.E., The influence of plant diversity on slope stability in a moist evergreen deciduous forest (2010) Ecol. Eng., 36, pp. 265-275 Hubble, T.C.T., Rutherfurd, I.D., Evaluating the relative contributions of vegetation and flooding in controlling channel widening: The case of the Nepean River, Southeastern Australia (2010) Aust. J. Earth Sci., 57, pp. 525-541 Gupta, A., Relative Effectiveness of Trees and Shrubs on Slope Stability (2016) Electron. J. Geotech. Eng., 21, pp. 737-753 (2010) Colombian Code for Earthquake-resistant Construction (NSR-10). Association of Earthquake Engineering, , (Bogotá-Colombia) Foxx, T.S., Tierney, G.D., Williams, J.M., (1984) Rooting Depths of Plants Relative to Biological and Environmental Factors, 26 Schwarz, M., Preti, F., Giadrossich, F., Lehmann, P., Or, D., Quantifying the role of vegetation in slope stability: A case study in Tuscany (Italy) (2010) Ecol. Eng., 36, pp. 285-291 Grupo Empresarial ENCE La gestión forestal sostenible y el eucalipto. 2009, 74 Corporación Suna Hisca Plantaciones de especies forestales (2003) Parq. Ecol. Dist. Montaña Entren., pp. 246-266 Montrasio, L., Schilirò, L., Terrone, A., Physical and numerical modelling of shallow landslides (2016) Landslides, 13, pp. 873-883 Maffra, C.R.B., De Moraes, M.T., Sousa, R.D.S., Sutili, F.J., Pinheiro, R.J.B., Soares, J.M.D., Métodos de Avaliação da Influência E Contribuição das Plantas Sobre a Estabilidade de Taludes (2017) Sci. Agrar., 18, p. 129 Moos, C., Bebi, P., Graf, F., Mattli, J., Rickli, C., Schwarz, M., How does forest structure affect root reinforcement and susceptibility to shallow landslides? (2016) Earth Surf. Process. Landforms, 41
dc.rights.coar.fl_str_mv	http://purl.org/coar/access_right/c_16ec
rights_invalid_str_mv	http://purl.org/coar/access_right/c_16ec
dc.publisher.none.fl_str_mv	Institute of Physics Publishing
dc.publisher.program.none.fl_str_mv	Ingeniería Civil
dc.publisher.faculty.none.fl_str_mv	Facultad de Ingenierías
publisher.none.fl_str_mv	Institute of Physics Publishing
dc.source.none.fl_str_mv	IOP Conference Series: Materials Science and Engineering
institution	Universidad de Medellín
repository.name.fl_str_mv	Repositorio Institucional Universidad de Medellin
repository.mail.fl_str_mv	repositorio@udem.edu.co
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spelling	20192020-04-29T14:53:44Z2020-04-29T14:53:44Z17578981http://hdl.handle.net/11407/570910.1088/1757-899X/603/2/022010The study of geo-hazards has been benefited from the technological advances in the field of Remote Sensing (RS) techniques as the ALS (Airborne Laser Scanners) Systems with Very High Resolution (VHR) cameras. Recently, the LiDAR (Light Detection and Ranging) is an active sensor technique used for a variety of geoscientific applications including slope monitoring to retrieve ground surface displacements at high spatial resolution. Additionally, LiDAR has been widely used in order to collect high-resolution information on forests structure for the determination and characterization of vegetation cover due its ability to capture multiple returns and to reach the ground, even in forested areas, allowing the generation of Digital Terrain Models (DTMs) for the estimation of forest variables. In this paper, a LiDAR dataset and VHR imagery from aerial survey was used in the southwest zone of Medellín City-Colombia where the most frequent landslides are shallow and triggered by rainfall. Slopes with gradients up to 30% on residual soils characterize the study area, having about of 30% of forest cover consisting predominantly of Eucalyptus and Coniferous forests. For the estimation of the tree roots effects on the shallow landslides assessment on a natural slope, interpolation processes were developed from the LiDAR 3D point cloud, obtaining DTMs of 1 m-pixel. Additionally, orthophotos with the same spatial resolution were acquired in the aerial campaign. The proposed workflow was implemented on a GIS platform, and considers the extraction of the tree heights by generating a Canopy Height Model (CHM), while for the delineation of the tree crown a process of image segmentation was developed. Once the vegetation has been characterized using LiDAR products and dendrometric relationships, the Limit Equilibrium Method (LEM) was used to evaluate slope stability considering the effect of vegetation (trees). The results indicate that the proposed workflow allows to obtain adequate stability indicators for the estimation of tree roots contribution and additionally, this RS technique allows saving resources in this kind of analysis. © Published under licence by IOP Publishing Ltd.engInstitute of Physics PublishingIngeniería CivilFacultad de Ingenieríashttps://www.scopus.com/inward/record.uri?eid=2-s2.0-85072964539&doi=10.1088%2f1757-899X%2f603%2f2%2f022010&partnerID=40&md5=d3d078b726a8310e35e686f31165c9006032Rossi, L.M.W., Rapidel, B., Roupsard, O., Villatoro-Sánchez, M., Mao, Z., Nespoulous, J., Perez, J., Stokes, A., Sensitivity of the landslide model LAPSUS-LS to vegetation and soil parameters (2017) Ecol. Eng., 109, pp. 249-255Giadrossich, F., Schwarz, M., Cohen, D., Cislaghi, A., Vergani, C., Hubble, T., Phillips, C., Stokes, A., Methods to measure the mechanical behaviour of tree roots: A review (2017) Ecol. Eng., 109, pp. 256-271Chen, W., Li, X., Wang, Y., Chen, G., Liu, S., Forested landslide detection using LiDAR data and the random forest algorithm: A case study of the Three Gorges, China (2014) Remote Sens. Environ., 152, pp. 291-301Kromer, R.A., Hutchinson, D.J., Lato, M.J., Gauthier, D., Edwards, T., Identifying rock slope failure precursors using LiDAR for transportation corridor hazard management (2015) Eng. Geol., 195, pp. 93-103Vanneschi, C., Eyre, M., Francioni, M., Coggan, J., The Use of Remote Sensing Techniques for Monitoring and Characterization of Slope Instability (2017) Procedia Eng., 191, pp. 150-157Lisein, J., Pierrot-Deseilligny, M., Bonnet, S., Lejeune, P., A Photogrammetric Workflow for the Creation of a Forest Canopy Height Model from Small Unmanned Aerial System Imagery (2013) Forests, 4, pp. 922-944Dandois, J.P., Ellis, E.C., High spatial resolution three-dimensional mapping of vegetation spectral dynamics using computer vision (2013) Remote Sens. Environ., 136, pp. 259-276The, T., Giha, V., Minseok, L., (2016) Shallow Landslide Assessment Considering the Influence of Vegetation Cover, 17, pp. 17-31Vega, J.A., Hidalgo, C.A., Quantitative risk assessment of landslides triggered by earthquakes and rainfall based on direct costs of urban buildings (2016) Geomorphology, 273, pp. 217-235Kumar, V., (2012) Forest Inventory Parameters and Carbon Mapping from Airbone LiDAR, 1. , (University of Twente)Wulder, M.A., Bater, C.W., Coops, N.C., Hilker, T., White, J.C., The role of LiDAR in sustainable forest management (2008) For. Chron., 84, pp. 807-826White, J., Wulder, M., Vastaranta, M., Coops, N., Pitt, D., Woods, M., The Utility of Image-Based Point Clouds for Forest Inventory: A Comparison with Airborne Laser Scanning (2013) Forests, 4, pp. 518-536Tesfamichael, S.G., Van Aardt, J.A.N., Ahmed, F., Estimating plot-level tree height and volume of eucalyptus grandis plantations using small-footprint, discrete return lidar data (2010) Prog. Phys. Geogr., 34, pp. 515-540Brown, S., Gillespie, A., Lugo, A., Biomass Estimation Methods for Tropical Forests with Applications to Forest Inventory Data (1989) For. Sci., 35, pp. 881-902Ospina, P.C.M., Hernández, R.R.J., Rodas, P.C.A., Urrego, J.B., Riaño, H.N.M., Aristizábal, V.F.A., Godoy, B.J.A., Osorio, L.O.I., (2006) El Eucalipto/Eucalyptus Grandis/W. Hill Ex Maiden. Guías Silviculturales Para El Manejo de Especies Forestales Con Miras a la Producción de Madera en la Zona Andina Colombiana, 1. , 958 97441-7-6 Cenicafé, EdKokutse, N., Fourcaud, T., Kokou, K., Neglo, K., Lac, P., 3D Numerical Modelling and Analysis of the Influence of Forest Structure on Hill Slopes Stability (2006) Disaster Mitig. Debris Flows, Slope Fail. Landslides, pp. 561-567Temgoua, A.G.T., Kokutse, N.K., Kavazovi?, Z., Influence of forest stands and root morphologies on hillslope stability (2016) Ecol. Eng., 95, pp. 622-634Hubble, T.C.T., Docker, B.B., Rutherfurd, I.D., The role of riparian trees in maintaining riverbank stability: A review of Australian experience and practice (2010) Ecol. Eng., 36, pp. 292-304Forestry Comission, G., Recommended Community Tree Ordinance Tree Conservation StandardsChiaradia, E.A., Vergani, C., Bischetti, G.B., Evaluation of the effects of three European forest types on slope stability by field and probabilistic analyses and their implications for forest management (2016) For. Ecol. Manage., 370, pp. 114-129Hall, D.E., Long, M.T., Remboldt, M.D., Hall, D.E., Long, M.T., Remboldt, M.D., (1994) Slope Stability Reference Guide for National Forest in the United States, 2. , Hall D. E., Long M. T. and Remboldt M. D. ed D.E Hall, M.T Long and M.D Remboldt (Washington D.C: United States Department of Agriculture - Forest Service) 0-16-045365-8Mao, Z., Yang, M., Bourrier, F., Fourcaud, T., Evaluation of root reinforcement models using numerical modelling approaches (2014) Plant Soil, 381Hubble, T.C.T., Airey, D.W., Sealey, H.K., De Carli, E.V., Clarke, S.L., A little cohesion goes a long way: Estimating appropriate values of additional root cohesion for evaluating slope stability in the Eastern Australian highlands (2013) Ecol. Eng., 61, pp. 621-632Docker, B.B., Hubble, T.C.T., Quantifying root-reinforcement of river bank soils by four Australian tree species (2008) Geomorphology, 100, pp. 401-418Docker, B.B., Hubble, T.C.T., Modelling the distribution of enhanced soil shear strength beneath riparian trees of south-eastern Australia (2009) Ecol. Eng., 35, pp. 921-934Wu, T.H., McKinnell, W.P., Swanston, D.N., Strength of tree roots and landslides on Prince of Wales Island, Alaska (1979) Can. Geotech. J., 16, pp. 19-33. , Wu T. H., McKinnell W. P. III and Swanston D. NHolsworth, L., (2014) Numerical Analysis of Vegetation Effects on Slope StabilityCoder, K.D., (2014) Tree Anchorage & Root Strength, 1Genet, M., Stokes, A., Fourcaud, T., Norris, J.E., The influence of plant diversity on slope stability in a moist evergreen deciduous forest (2010) Ecol. Eng., 36, pp. 265-275Hubble, T.C.T., Rutherfurd, I.D., Evaluating the relative contributions of vegetation and flooding in controlling channel widening: The case of the Nepean River, Southeastern Australia (2010) Aust. J. Earth Sci., 57, pp. 525-541Gupta, A., Relative Effectiveness of Trees and Shrubs on Slope Stability (2016) Electron. J. Geotech. Eng., 21, pp. 737-753(2010) Colombian Code for Earthquake-resistant Construction (NSR-10). Association of Earthquake Engineering, , (Bogotá-Colombia)Foxx, T.S., Tierney, G.D., Williams, J.M., (1984) Rooting Depths of Plants Relative to Biological and Environmental Factors, 26Schwarz, M., Preti, F., Giadrossich, F., Lehmann, P., Or, D., Quantifying the role of vegetation in slope stability: A case study in Tuscany (Italy) (2010) Ecol. Eng., 36, pp. 285-291Grupo Empresarial ENCE La gestión forestal sostenible y el eucalipto. 2009, 74Corporación Suna Hisca Plantaciones de especies forestales (2003) Parq. Ecol. Dist. Montaña Entren., pp. 246-266Montrasio, L., Schilirò, L., Terrone, A., Physical and numerical modelling of shallow landslides (2016) Landslides, 13, pp. 873-883Maffra, C.R.B., De Moraes, M.T., Sousa, R.D.S., Sutili, F.J., Pinheiro, R.J.B., Soares, J.M.D., Métodos de Avaliação da Influência E Contribuição das Plantas Sobre a Estabilidade de Taludes (2017) Sci. Agrar., 18, p. 129Moos, C., Bebi, P., Graf, F., Mattli, J., Rickli, C., Schwarz, M., How does forest structure affect root reinforcement and susceptibility to shallow landslides? (2016) Earth Surf. Process. Landforms, 41IOP Conference Series: Materials Science and EngineeringAntennasImage resolutionImage segmentationLandslidesOptical radarRemote sensingSurveysUrban planningVegetationAirborne laser scannersDigital terrain modelHigh spatial resolutionLIDAR (light detection and ranging)Limit equilibrium methodsRemote sensing techniquesStability indicatorsTechnological advancesForestryThe Use of Lidar Data and VHR Imagery to Estimate the Effects of Tree Roots on Shallow Landslides AssessmentConference Paperinfo:eu-repo/semantics/articlehttp://purl.org/coar/version/c_970fb48d4fbd8a85http://purl.org/coar/resource_type/c_2df8fbb1Alexander Vega, J., School of Engineering, Civil Engineering Program, University of Medellin, Colombiahttp://purl.org/coar/access_right/c_16ecAlexander Vega J.11407/5709oai:repository.udem.edu.co:11407/57092020-05-27 17:50:47.17Repositorio Institucional Universidad de Medellinrepositorio@udem.edu.co

The Use of Lidar Data and VHR Imagery to Estimate the Effects of Tree Roots on Shallow Landslides Assessment

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