Carbon stocks in mangrove forests of the Colombian Pacific

Mangrove forests occupy less than 1% of tropical forest areas, but they represent approximately 3% of worldwide tropical forest carbon capture. The present study quantified carbon stocks in mangrove forests in two bays in the Colombian Pacific, and evaluated the effect of forest structure on variati...

Full description

Autores:: Palacios Peñaranda, Martha Lucía
Cantera Kintz, Jaime Ricardo
Peña Salamanca, Enrique Javier

Tipo de recurso:: Article of journal

Fecha de publicación:: 2019

Institución:: Universidad Autónoma de Occidente

Repositorio:: RED: Repositorio Educativo Digital UAO

Idioma:: eng

id	REPOUAO2_aed10c17f5c72bb6962a6a79c8b6dd0b
oai_identifier_str	oai:red.uao.edu.co:10614/13393
network_acronym_str	REPOUAO2
network_name_str	RED: Repositorio Educativo Digital UAO
repository_id_str
dc.title.eng.fl_str_mv	Carbon stocks in mangrove forests of the Colombian Pacific
title	Carbon stocks in mangrove forests of the Colombian Pacific
spellingShingle	Carbon stocks in mangrove forests of the Colombian Pacific Manglares Ciclo del carbono (Biogeoquímica) Carbon cycle (Biogeochemistry) Mangroves Carbon stocks Colombian pacific
title_short	Carbon stocks in mangrove forests of the Colombian Pacific
title_full	Carbon stocks in mangrove forests of the Colombian Pacific
title_fullStr	Carbon stocks in mangrove forests of the Colombian Pacific
title_full_unstemmed	Carbon stocks in mangrove forests of the Colombian Pacific
title_sort	Carbon stocks in mangrove forests of the Colombian Pacific
dc.creator.fl_str_mv	Palacios Peñaranda, Martha Lucía Cantera Kintz, Jaime Ricardo Peña Salamanca, Enrique Javier
dc.contributor.author.none.fl_str_mv	Palacios Peñaranda, Martha Lucía
dc.contributor.author.spa.fl_str_mv	Cantera Kintz, Jaime Ricardo Peña Salamanca, Enrique Javier
dc.subject.armarc.spa.fl_str_mv	Manglares Ciclo del carbono (Biogeoquímica)
topic	Manglares Ciclo del carbono (Biogeoquímica) Carbon cycle (Biogeochemistry) Mangroves Carbon stocks Colombian pacific
dc.subject.armarc.eng.fl_str_mv	Carbon cycle (Biogeochemistry)
dc.subject.proposal.eng.fl_str_mv	Mangroves Carbon stocks Colombian pacific
description	Mangrove forests occupy less than 1% of tropical forest areas, but they represent approximately 3% of worldwide tropical forest carbon capture. The present study quantified carbon stocks in mangrove forests in two bays in the Colombian Pacific, and evaluated the effect of forest structure on variations of carbon storage in the different ecosystem compartments. Significant differences were found in carbon stocks between the stations of Málaga Bay (a national marine park) and Buenaventura Bay (the main harbor area). Belowground biomass and sediment represented the greatest carbon stocks in the forest. Carbon reserves in mangroves in the Colombian Pacific were similar compared with other tropical mangrove areas. These results highlight the importance of evaluating carbon storage in these ecosystems and of formulating conservation and management strategies integrated with the mangrove forest in the Colombian Pacific
publishDate	2019
dc.date.issued.none.fl_str_mv	2019
dc.date.accessioned.none.fl_str_mv	2021-11-03T16:12:41Z
dc.date.available.none.fl_str_mv	2021-11-03T16:12:41Z
dc.type.spa.fl_str_mv	Artículo de revista
dc.type.coar.fl_str_mv	http://purl.org/coar/resource_type/c_2df8fbb1
dc.type.coarversion.fl_str_mv	http://purl.org/coar/version/c_970fb48d4fbd8a85
dc.type.coar.eng.fl_str_mv	http://purl.org/coar/resource_type/c_6501
dc.type.content.eng.fl_str_mv	Text
dc.type.driver.eng.fl_str_mv	info:eu-repo/semantics/article
dc.type.redcol.eng.fl_str_mv	http://purl.org/redcol/resource_type/ART
dc.type.version.eng.fl_str_mv	info:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersion
format	http://purl.org/coar/resource_type/c_6501
status_str	publishedVersion
dc.identifier.issn.none.fl_str_mv	02727714
dc.identifier.uri.none.fl_str_mv	https://hdl.handle.net/10614/13393
dc.identifier.doi.none.fl_str_mv	10.1016/j.ecss.2019.106299
identifier_str_mv	02727714 10.1016/j.ecss.2019.106299
url	https://hdl.handle.net/10614/13393
dc.language.iso.eng.fl_str_mv	eng
language	eng
dc.relation.citationendpage.spa.fl_str_mv	7
dc.relation.citationstartpage.spa.fl_str_mv	1
dc.relation.citationvolume.spa.fl_str_mv	227
dc.relation.cites.eng.fl_str_mv	Palacios Peñaranda, M.L., Cantera Kintz, J.R, Peña Salamanca, E.J.(2019). Carbon stocks in mangrove forests of the Colombian Pacific. Elsevier. (Vol. 227, pp. 1-7. https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0272771418303652
dc.relation.ispartofjournal.eng.fl_str_mv	Estuarine, Coastal and Shelf Science
dc.relation.references.none.fl_str_mv	Adame, M.F., Kauffman, J.B., Medina, I., Gamboa, J.N., Torres, O., Caamal, J.P., Reza, M.,Herrera-Silveira, J.A., 2013. Carbon stocks of tropical coastal wetlands within thekarstic landscape of the Mexican Caribbean. PLoS One 8https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0056569.e56569 Alvarez-León, 1992 R. Alvarez-León Sinopsis sobre el conocimiento de los ecosistemas de manglar en Colombia: segunda Revisión Workshop on Conservation and Sustainabable Utilization of the Mangrove Forest in Latin America and Africa Regions. ITT0/ISME/UFF. Niterói (R.J.) Brasil. May 28-30 (1992), p. 53 lvarez-León, 1993 R. Alvarez-León Mangrove ecosystems of Colombia L.D. Lacerda (Ed.), Conservation and Sustainable Utilization of Mangrove Forest in Latin América and Africa Region. IITO/ISME Proj. PD 114/90 (F) Mangrove Ecosystems Technical Reports, vol. 2 (1993), pp. 75-113 APHA et al., 1992 APHA, AWWA, WPCF Métodos normalizados para el análisis de aguas potables y residuales, 5220 B, C, Ediciones Díaz de Santos, S.A., Madrid, España (1992), pp. 4-199 4-132, 4-153 Barbier et al., 2011 E.B. Barbier, S.D. Hacker, C. Kennedy, E.W. Koch, A.C. Stier, B.R. Silliman The value of estuarine and coastal ecosystem services Ecol. Monogr., 81 (2011), pp. 169-193 Cantera, 1993 J. Cantera P. Leiva (Ed.), Oceanografía, en Colombia Pacífico, tomo 1, Fondo FEN, Santa fé de Bogotá, Colombia (1993), pp. 12-23 Cantera and Blanco, 2001 J.R. Cantera, J.F. Blanco The estuary ecosystem of Buenaventura Bay, Colombia U. Seeliger, B. Kjerfve (Eds.), Coastal Marine Ecosystems of Latin America, Ecological Studies, Springer, New York (2001), pp. 265-280 Castañeda-Moya et al., 2013 E. Castañeda-Moya, R.R. Twilley, V. Rivera-Monroy Allocation of biomass and net primary productivity of mangrove forests along environmental gradients in the Florida Coastal Everglades, USA For. Ecol. Manag., 307 (2013), pp. 226-241 Deguit et al., 2004 E.T. Deguit, R.P. Smith, W.P. Jatulan, A.T. White Participatory Coastal Resource Assessment Training Guide. Cebu City: Coastal Resource Management Project of the Department of Environment and Natural Resources, Philippines (2004) Giri et al., 2011 C. Giri, E. Ochieng, L.L. Tieszen, Z. Zhu, A. Singh, T. Loveland, J. Masek, N. Duke Status and distribution of mangrove forests of the world using earth observation satellite data (version 1.3, updated by UNEPWCMC) Glob. Ecol. Biogeogr., 20 (1) (2011), pp. 154-159, 10.1111/j.1466-8238.2010.00584.x Horna, 1980 Z.R. Horna Relación suelo y mangle (Rhizophora mangle, Avicenia germinas, Laguncularia racemosa y Conocarpus erectus) En memorias del Sem. Sobre el estudio científico e impacto humano en el ecosistema de manglares, UNESCO, Cali (1980), pp. 195-214 Kauffman et al., 2011 J.B. Kauffman, C. Heider, T.G. Cole, K.A. Dwire, Donato D.C. Ecosystem carbon stocks of Micronesian mangrove forests Wetlands, 31 (2011), pp. 343-352 Lovelock et al., 2010 C. E,.B. K. Sorrell Lovelock, N. Hancock, Q. Hua, A. Swales Mangrove forest and soil development on a rapidly accreting shore in New Zealand Ecosystems, 13 (2010), pp. 437-451 Mcleod et al., 2011 E. Mcleod, G.L. Chmura, S. Bouillon, R. Salm, M. Björk, C.M. Duarte, C.E. Lovelock, W.H. Schlesinger, B.R. Silliman A blueprint for blue carbon: toward an improved understanding of the role of vegetated coastal habitats in sequestering CO2 Front. Ecol. Environ., 9 (2011), pp. 552-560, 10.1890/110004 Palacios and Cantera, 2017 M.L. Palacios, J.R. Cantera Mangrove timber use as an ecosystem service in the Colombian Pacific Hydrobiologia, 803 (2017), p. 345 https://doi.org/10.1007/s10750-017-3309-x PNUMA, 2014 Programa de las Naciones Unidas, PNUMA Informe anual http://staging.unep.org/annualreport/2014/es/pdf/es_UNEP_Annual_Report_2014.pdf (2014) Restrepo and Kjerfve, 2000 J.D. Restrepo, B. Kjerfve Water discharge and sediment load from the western slopes of the Colombian Andes with focus on Rio San Juan J. Geol., 108 (2000), pp. 17-33 Southwell and Bultman, 1971 C.R. Southwell, J.D. Bultman Marine borer resistance of untreated woods over long periods of immersion in tropical waters Biotropica, 3 (1971), pp. 81-107 Villalba, 2005 J. Villalba Los manglares en el mundo y en Colombia: estudio descriptivo básico http://www.sogeocol.edu.co/documentos/Manglares.pdf (2005) Zanner et al., 2009 A.E. Zanner, G. López - González, D.A. Coomes, J. Ilic, S. Jansen, S.L. Lewis, S.L., R.B. Miller, N.G. Swenson, M.C., Wiermann, Chave Global Wood density database Dryad Digital Reposit. (2009), 10.5061/dryad.234
dc.rights.spa.fl_str_mv	Derechos reservados - Elsiever, 2019
dc.rights.coar.fl_str_mv	http://purl.org/coar/access_right/c_abf2
dc.rights.uri.eng.fl_str_mv	https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0/
dc.rights.accessrights.eng.fl_str_mv	info:eu-repo/semantics/openAccess
dc.rights.creativecommons.spa.fl_str_mv	Atribución-NoComercial-SinDerivadas 4.0 Internacional (CC BY-NC-ND 4.0)
rights_invalid_str_mv	Derechos reservados - Elsiever, 2019 https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0/ Atribución-NoComercial-SinDerivadas 4.0 Internacional (CC BY-NC-ND 4.0) http://purl.org/coar/access_right/c_abf2
eu_rights_str_mv	openAccess
dc.format.extent.spa.fl_str_mv	7 páginas
dc.format.mimetype.eng.fl_str_mv	application/pdf
dc.publisher.eng.fl_str_mv	Elsevier
institution	Universidad Autónoma de Occidente
bitstream.url.fl_str_mv	https://red.uao.edu.co/bitstreams/215bd865-c5d8-40e6-bcdd-e58fb0ac86ae/download https://red.uao.edu.co/bitstreams/7f13358f-6df1-42ab-8a0e-f85397481cf3/download https://red.uao.edu.co/bitstreams/162a0d7e-7eac-4352-a4fa-5a906b5d1b67/download
bitstream.checksum.fl_str_mv	20b5ba22b1117f71589c7318baa2c560 a6e66a6c78e219feea3723b41f171fe2 fc6ab597b9ce0f67ab733f95225bf114
bitstream.checksumAlgorithm.fl_str_mv	MD5 MD5 MD5
repository.name.fl_str_mv	Repositorio Digital Universidad Autonoma de Occidente
repository.mail.fl_str_mv	repositorio@uao.edu.co
_version_	1814260208266903552
spelling	Palacios Peñaranda, Martha Lucíavirtual::114-1Cantera Kintz, Jaime Ricardobf797531e6e5ed5f5b7fbb862adf9ac4Peña Salamanca, Enrique Javierac304ab167ba73ff5f55a64078aeb1802021-11-03T16:12:41Z2021-11-03T16:12:41Z201902727714https://hdl.handle.net/10614/1339310.1016/j.ecss.2019.106299Mangrove forests occupy less than 1% of tropical forest areas, but they represent approximately 3% of worldwide tropical forest carbon capture. The present study quantified carbon stocks in mangrove forests in two bays in the Colombian Pacific, and evaluated the effect of forest structure on variations of carbon storage in the different ecosystem compartments. Significant differences were found in carbon stocks between the stations of Málaga Bay (a national marine park) and Buenaventura Bay (the main harbor area). Belowground biomass and sediment represented the greatest carbon stocks in the forest. Carbon reserves in mangroves in the Colombian Pacific were similar compared with other tropical mangrove areas. These results highlight the importance of evaluating carbon storage in these ecosystems and of formulating conservation and management strategies integrated with the mangrove forest in the Colombian Pacific7 páginasapplication/pdfengElsevierDerechos reservados - Elsiever, 2019https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0/info:eu-repo/semantics/openAccessAtribución-NoComercial-SinDerivadas 4.0 Internacional (CC BY-NC-ND 4.0)http://purl.org/coar/access_right/c_abf2Carbon stocks in mangrove forests of the Colombian PacificArtículo de revistahttp://purl.org/coar/resource_type/c_6501http://purl.org/coar/resource_type/c_2df8fbb1Textinfo:eu-repo/semantics/articlehttp://purl.org/redcol/resource_type/ARTinfo:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersionhttp://purl.org/coar/version/c_970fb48d4fbd8a85ManglaresCiclo del carbono (Biogeoquímica)Carbon cycle (Biogeochemistry)MangrovesCarbon stocksColombian pacific71227Palacios Peñaranda, M.L., Cantera Kintz, J.R, Peña Salamanca, E.J.(2019). Carbon stocks in mangrove forests of the Colombian Pacific. Elsevier. (Vol. 227, pp. 1-7. https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0272771418303652Estuarine, Coastal and Shelf ScienceAdame, M.F., Kauffman, J.B., Medina, I., Gamboa, J.N., Torres, O., Caamal, J.P., Reza, M.,Herrera-Silveira, J.A., 2013. Carbon stocks of tropical coastal wetlands within thekarstic landscape of the Mexican Caribbean. PLoS One 8https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0056569.e56569Alvarez-León, 1992 R. Alvarez-León Sinopsis sobre el conocimiento de los ecosistemas de manglar en Colombia: segunda Revisión Workshop on Conservation and Sustainabable Utilization of the Mangrove Forest in Latin America and Africa Regions. ITT0/ISME/UFF. Niterói (R.J.) Brasil. May 28-30 (1992), p. 53lvarez-León, 1993 R. Alvarez-León Mangrove ecosystems of Colombia L.D. Lacerda (Ed.), Conservation and Sustainable Utilization of Mangrove Forest in Latin América and Africa Region. IITO/ISME Proj. PD 114/90 (F) Mangrove Ecosystems Technical Reports, vol. 2 (1993), pp. 75-113APHA et al., 1992 APHA, AWWA, WPCF Métodos normalizados para el análisis de aguas potables y residuales, 5220 B, C, Ediciones Díaz de Santos, S.A., Madrid, España (1992), pp. 4-199 4-132, 4-153Barbier et al., 2011 E.B. Barbier, S.D. Hacker, C. Kennedy, E.W. Koch, A.C. Stier, B.R. Silliman The value of estuarine and coastal ecosystem services Ecol. Monogr., 81 (2011), pp. 169-193Cantera, 1993 J. Cantera P. Leiva (Ed.), Oceanografía, en Colombia Pacífico, tomo 1, Fondo FEN, Santa fé de Bogotá, Colombia (1993), pp. 12-23Cantera and Blanco, 2001 J.R. Cantera, J.F. Blanco The estuary ecosystem of Buenaventura Bay, Colombia U. Seeliger, B. Kjerfve (Eds.), Coastal Marine Ecosystems of Latin America, Ecological Studies, Springer, New York (2001), pp. 265-280Castañeda-Moya et al., 2013 E. Castañeda-Moya, R.R. Twilley, V. Rivera-Monroy Allocation of biomass and net primary productivity of mangrove forests along environmental gradients in the Florida Coastal Everglades, USA For. Ecol. Manag., 307 (2013), pp. 226-241Deguit et al., 2004 E.T. Deguit, R.P. Smith, W.P. Jatulan, A.T. White Participatory Coastal Resource Assessment Training Guide. Cebu City: Coastal Resource Management Project of the Department of Environment and Natural Resources, Philippines (2004)Giri et al., 2011 C. Giri, E. Ochieng, L.L. Tieszen, Z. Zhu, A. Singh, T. Loveland, J. Masek, N. Duke Status and distribution of mangrove forests of the world using earth observation satellite data (version 1.3, updated by UNEPWCMC) Glob. Ecol. Biogeogr., 20 (1) (2011), pp. 154-159, 10.1111/j.1466-8238.2010.00584.xHorna, 1980 Z.R. Horna Relación suelo y mangle (Rhizophora mangle, Avicenia germinas, Laguncularia racemosa y Conocarpus erectus) En memorias del Sem. Sobre el estudio científico e impacto humano en el ecosistema de manglares, UNESCO, Cali (1980), pp. 195-214Kauffman et al., 2011 J.B. Kauffman, C. Heider, T.G. Cole, K.A. Dwire, Donato D.C. Ecosystem carbon stocks of Micronesian mangrove forests Wetlands, 31 (2011), pp. 343-352Lovelock et al., 2010 C. E,.B. K. Sorrell Lovelock, N. Hancock, Q. Hua, A. Swales Mangrove forest and soil development on a rapidly accreting shore in New Zealand Ecosystems, 13 (2010), pp. 437-451Mcleod et al., 2011 E. Mcleod, G.L. Chmura, S. Bouillon, R. Salm, M. Björk, C.M. Duarte, C.E. Lovelock, W.H. Schlesinger, B.R. Silliman A blueprint for blue carbon: toward an improved understanding of the role of vegetated coastal habitats in sequestering CO2 Front. Ecol. Environ., 9 (2011), pp. 552-560, 10.1890/110004Palacios and Cantera, 2017 M.L. Palacios, J.R. Cantera Mangrove timber use as an ecosystem service in the Colombian Pacific Hydrobiologia, 803 (2017), p. 345 https://doi.org/10.1007/s10750-017-3309-xPNUMA, 2014 Programa de las Naciones Unidas, PNUMA Informe anual http://staging.unep.org/annualreport/2014/es/pdf/es_UNEP_Annual_Report_2014.pdf (2014)Restrepo and Kjerfve, 2000 J.D. Restrepo, B. Kjerfve Water discharge and sediment load from the western slopes of the Colombian Andes with focus on Rio San Juan J. Geol., 108 (2000), pp. 17-33Southwell and Bultman, 1971 C.R. Southwell, J.D. Bultman Marine borer resistance of untreated woods over long periods of immersion in tropical waters Biotropica, 3 (1971), pp. 81-107Villalba, 2005 J. Villalba Los manglares en el mundo y en Colombia: estudio descriptivo básico http://www.sogeocol.edu.co/documentos/Manglares.pdf (2005)Zanner et al., 2009 A.E. Zanner, G. López - González, D.A. Coomes, J. Ilic, S. Jansen, S.L. Lewis, S.L., R.B. Miller, N.G. Swenson, M.C., Wiermann, Chave Global Wood density database Dryad Digital Reposit. (2009), 10.5061/dryad.234GeneralPublication860e18e9-1df6-441c-b1ad-91ffd14106e0virtual::114-1860e18e9-1df6-441c-b1ad-91ffd14106e0virtual::114-1https://scholar.google.es/citations?hl=es&pli=1&user=UEEtPa8AAAAJvirtual::114-1https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8924-468Xvirtual::114-1https://scienti.minciencias.gov.co/cvlac/visualizador/generarCurriculoCv.do?cod_rh=0000029386virtual::114-1LICENSElicense.txtlicense.txttext/plain; charset=utf-81665https://red.uao.edu.co/bitstreams/215bd865-c5d8-40e6-bcdd-e58fb0ac86ae/download20b5ba22b1117f71589c7318baa2c560MD52TEXTCarbon stocks in mangrove forests of the Colombian Pacific.pdf.txtCarbon stocks in mangrove forests of the Colombian Pacific.pdf.txtExtracted texttext/plain41218https://red.uao.edu.co/bitstreams/7f13358f-6df1-42ab-8a0e-f85397481cf3/downloada6e66a6c78e219feea3723b41f171fe2MD54THUMBNAILCarbon stocks in mangrove forests of the Colombian Pacific.pdf.jpgCarbon stocks in mangrove forests of the Colombian Pacific.pdf.jpgGenerated Thumbnailimage/jpeg14834https://red.uao.edu.co/bitstreams/162a0d7e-7eac-4352-a4fa-5a906b5d1b67/downloadfc6ab597b9ce0f67ab733f95225bf114MD5510614/13393oai:red.uao.edu.co:10614/133932024-03-01 11:23:01.825https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0/Derechos reservados - Elsiever, 2019metadata.onlyhttps://red.uao.edu.coRepositorio Digital Universidad Autonoma de Occidenterepositorio@uao.edu.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

Carbon stocks in mangrove forests of the Colombian Pacific

Publicaciones similares