Evaluación ambiental de alternativas de suministro energético para una zona no interconectada del contexto colombiano: Caso Archipiélago de La Plata, consejo comunitario de Bahía Málaga

Electric power supply can cause significant alterations to the environment due to the way the natural resources needed are extracted. In Colombia, nearly 52% of the population is in remote areas categorized as Non-Interconnected Zones and have no access to the national electric grid. However, these communities supply their energy requirements with alternatives that affect the area’s biodiversity and the population’s health. Although there are certain incentives that the government gives to increase electricity service coverage, it’s imperative to evaluate the methods and apply the best alternative for each region. This research seeks to apply environmental criteria that allows to perform an environmental impact evaluation of implementing an electric energy supply system in a Non-Interconnected Zone: La Plata archipelago, Uramba Bahía Málaga, Buenaventura, Colombia. The methodology used in this investigation is based on the evaluation of four sub criteria (intervened area, species affected, climate change, and greenhouse gas emission) based on the data gathered from the region, considering indicators to measure the impact. Initially, five electric generation alternatives were considered: wind, photovoltaic, diesel, biomass, and hydraulic. The results indicated that, for this region, it is not possible to implement wind or hydraulic power due to low wind speed and the great importance of water resources in its ecology and tourism. On the other hand, photovoltaic generation, biomass and diesel, which have already been implemented in the region to some degree, are feasible due to the availability of such resources. Thus, four alternatives were evaluated: two solar (community panels and individual panels), one biomass, and the existing diesel alternative. The implementation of environmental indicators showed that the solar energy alternatives generate the lowest impact, especially the individual panels, which minimize the species affected due to the placement of the solar panels. Additionally, this case recognized the need to perform specific biodiversity studies that improve environmental evaluations in the region.

• Autores: Rodríguez Meza, Mary Luz
• Tipo de recurso: Trabajo de grado de pregrado
• Fecha de publicación: 2018
• Institución: Universidad Autónoma de Occidente
• Repositorio: RED: Repositorio Educativo Digital UAO
• Idioma: spa
• OAI Identifier: oai:red.uao.edu.co:10614/10506
• Acceso en línea: http://hdl.handle.net/10614/10506
• Palabra clave: Ingeniería Ambiental; Energía eléctrica; Medio ambiente; Zona no iterconectada; Impacto ambiental
• Rights: openAccess
• License: Derechos Reservados - Universidad Autónoma de Occidente