Modulators of the personal and professional threat perception of olympic athletes in the actual COVID-19 crisis

The COVID-19 pandemic is now a major global health issue, affecting world population and high-performance athlete too. The aim of the present research was to analyze the effect of psychological profile, academic schedule, and gender in the perception of personal and professional threat of Olympic an...

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Autores:
Clemente-Suárez, Vicente Javier
Fuentes García, Juan Pedro
de la Vega Marcos, Ricardo
MARTINEZ-PATIÑO, MARIA JOSE
Tipo de recurso:
Article of journal
Fecha de publicación:
2020
Institución:
Corporación Universidad de la Costa
Repositorio:
REDICUC - Repositorio CUC
Idioma:
eng
OAI Identifier:
oai:repositorio.cuc.edu.co:11323/8033
Acceso en línea:
https://hdl.handle.net/11323/8033
https://doi.org/10.3389/fpsyg.2020.01985
https://repositorio.cuc.edu.co/
Palabra clave:
Adaptative
Confinement
Focus of stress
Rights
openAccess
License
CC0 1.0 Universal
id RCUC2_fa5f6d925269409dbf6453ef0ad3c777
oai_identifier_str oai:repositorio.cuc.edu.co:11323/8033
network_acronym_str RCUC2
network_name_str REDICUC - Repositorio CUC
repository_id_str
dc.title.spa.fl_str_mv Modulators of the personal and professional threat perception of olympic athletes in the actual COVID-19 crisis
title Modulators of the personal and professional threat perception of olympic athletes in the actual COVID-19 crisis
spellingShingle Modulators of the personal and professional threat perception of olympic athletes in the actual COVID-19 crisis
Adaptative
Confinement
Focus of stress
title_short Modulators of the personal and professional threat perception of olympic athletes in the actual COVID-19 crisis
title_full Modulators of the personal and professional threat perception of olympic athletes in the actual COVID-19 crisis
title_fullStr Modulators of the personal and professional threat perception of olympic athletes in the actual COVID-19 crisis
title_full_unstemmed Modulators of the personal and professional threat perception of olympic athletes in the actual COVID-19 crisis
title_sort Modulators of the personal and professional threat perception of olympic athletes in the actual COVID-19 crisis
dc.creator.fl_str_mv Clemente-Suárez, Vicente Javier
Fuentes García, Juan Pedro
de la Vega Marcos, Ricardo
MARTINEZ-PATIÑO, MARIA JOSE
dc.contributor.author.spa.fl_str_mv Clemente-Suárez, Vicente Javier
Fuentes García, Juan Pedro
de la Vega Marcos, Ricardo
MARTINEZ-PATIÑO, MARIA JOSE
dc.subject.spa.fl_str_mv Adaptative
Confinement
Focus of stress
topic Adaptative
Confinement
Focus of stress
description The COVID-19 pandemic is now a major global health issue, affecting world population and high-performance athlete too. The aim of the present research was to analyze the effect of psychological profile, academic schedule, and gender in the perception of personal and professional threat of Olympic and Paralympic athletes facing the 2021 Tokyo Olympiad in the actual COVID-19 crisis. We analyzed in 136 Olympic (26.4 ± 6.2 years) and 39 Paralympic athletes (31.8 ± 9.3 years) academic and sport variables, individual perceptions about COVID-19 crisis, personality, loneliness, psychological inflexibility, and anxiety. Paralympic athletes perceived higher negative impact in their training and performance by the confinement than Olympic athletes (+24.18, p < 0.005, r = 0.60). Neuroticism and psychological inflexibility presented the greatest negative feelings for female athletes (+32.59, p < 0.000, r = 0.13) and the perception that quarantine would negatively affect their sports performance. Finally professional athletes showed lower values in personality tests (Agreeableness factor) about COVID-19 crisis than non-professionals (−40.62, p < 0.012, r = 0.88).
publishDate 2020
dc.date.issued.none.fl_str_mv 2020-08-05
dc.date.accessioned.none.fl_str_mv 2021-03-17T15:49:38Z
dc.date.available.none.fl_str_mv 2021-03-17T15:49:38Z
dc.type.spa.fl_str_mv Artículo de revista
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dc.identifier.issn.spa.fl_str_mv 16641078
dc.identifier.uri.spa.fl_str_mv https://hdl.handle.net/11323/8033
dc.identifier.doi.spa.fl_str_mv https://doi.org/10.3389/fpsyg.2020.01985
dc.identifier.instname.spa.fl_str_mv Corporación Universidad de la Costa
dc.identifier.reponame.spa.fl_str_mv REDICUC - Repositorio CUC
dc.identifier.repourl.spa.fl_str_mv https://repositorio.cuc.edu.co/
identifier_str_mv 16641078
Corporación Universidad de la Costa
REDICUC - Repositorio CUC
url https://hdl.handle.net/11323/8033
https://doi.org/10.3389/fpsyg.2020.01985
https://repositorio.cuc.edu.co/
dc.language.iso.none.fl_str_mv eng
language eng
dc.relation.references.spa.fl_str_mv Altena, E., Baglioni, C., Espie, C. A., Ellis, J., Gavriloff, D., Holzinger, B., et al. (2020). Dealing with sleep problems during home confinement due to the COVID-19 outbreak: practical recommendations from a task force of the European CBT-I Academy. J. Sleep Res. 2020:e13052. doi: 10.1111/jsr.13052
Basner, M., Dinges, D. F., Mollicone, D. J., Savelev, I., Ecker, A. J., Di Antonio, A., et al. (2014). Psychological and behavioral changes during confinement in a 520-day simulated interplanetary mission to mars. PLoS One 9:e93298. doi: 10.1371/journal.pone.0093298
Belinchon-deMiguel, P., and Clemente-Suárez, V. J. (2018). Psychophysiological, body composition, biomechanical and autonomic modulation analysis procedures in an ultraendurance mountain race. J. Med. Syst. 42:32.
Belinchon-Demiguel, P., and Clemente-Suarez, V. J. (2018). Nutrition, hydration and ergogenic aids strategies in ultraendurance mountain events. J. Sports Med. Phys. Fit. 59, 791–797. doi: 10.23736/S0022-4707.18.08920-X
Belinchón-deMiguel, P., Ruisoto-Palomera, P., and Clemente-Suárez, V. J. (2019). Psychophysiological stress response of a paralympic athlete during an ultra-endurance event. A case study. J. Med. Syst. 43:70.
Bellido, A., Ruisoto, P., Beltran-Velasco, A., and Clemente-Suárez, V. J. (2018). State of the art on the use of portable digital devices to assess stress in humans. J. Med. Syst. 42:100
Beltrán-Velasco, A. I., Bellido-Esteban, A., Ruisoto-Palomera, P., Mendoza, K. H., and Clemente-Suárez, V. J. (2020). The effect of cultural differences in psychophysiological stress response in high education context: a pilot study. Appl. Psychophysiol. Biofeedback 45, 23–29. doi: 10.1007/s10484-019-09452-0
Beltrán-Velasco, A. I., Ruisoto-Palomera, P., Bellido-Esteban, A., García-Mateos, M., and Clemente-Suárez, V. J. (2019). Analysis of psychophysiological stress response in higher education students undergoing clinical practice evaluation. J. Med. Syst. 43:68.
Bond, F. W., Hayes, S. C., Baer, R. A., Carpenter, K. M., Guenole, N., Orcutt, H. K., et al. (2011). Preliminary psychometric properties of the acceptance and action Questionnaire-II: a revised measure of psychological inflexibility and experiential avoidance. Behav. Ther. 42, 676–688. doi: 10.1016/j.beth.2011.03.007
Brooks, S. K., Webster, R. K., Smith, L. E., Woodland, L., Wessely, S., Greenberg, N., et al. (2020). The psychological impact of quarantine and how to reduce it: rapid review of the evidence. Lancet 395, 912–920. doi: 10.1016/s0140-6736(20)30460-8
Casadevall, A., and Pirofski, L. (2020). The convalescent sera option for containing COVID-19. J. Clin. Invest. 130, 1545–1548. doi: 10.1172/jci138003
Clemente-Suárez, V. J. (2020). Multidisciplinary intervention in the treatment of mixed anxiety and depression disorder. Physiol. Behav. 2020:112858. doi: 10.1016/j.physbeh.2020.112858
Clemente-Suárez, V. J., Hormeño-Holgado, A., Jiménez, M., Benitez-Agudelo, J. C., Navarro-Jiménez, E., Perez-Palencia, N., et al. (2020). Dynamics of population immunity due to the herd effect in the COVID-19 pandemic. Vaccines 8:236. doi: 10.3390/vaccines8020236
De La Vega, R., Barquín, R. R., Boros, S., and Szabo, A. (2020). Could attitudes toward COVID-19 in spain render men more vulnerable than women?. Glob. Public Health 1–36. doi: 10.31234/osf.io/dyxqn
Fagerland, M. W. (2012). t-tests, non-parametric tests, and large studies a paradox of statistical practice? BMC Med. Res. Methodol. 12:78. doi: 10.1186/1471-2288-12-78
Fletcher, D., and Sarkar, M. (2012). A grounded theory of psychological resilience in olympic champions. Psychol. Sport Exerc. 13, 669–678. doi: 10.1016/j.psychsport.2012.04.007
Fritz, C. O., Morris, P. E., and Richler, J. J. (2012). Effect size estimates: current use, calculations, and interpretation. J. Exper. Psychol. Gen. 141:2. doi: 10.1037/a0024338
Gobierno de España (2020). The Government Decrees The State Of Alarm To Face The Expansion Of Coronavirus COVID-19. Available online at: https://www.lamoncloa.gob.es/consejodeministros/resumenes/Paginas/2020/14032020_alarma.aspx (accessed March 14, 2020).
Halabchi, F., Ahmadinejad, Z., and Selk-Ghaffari, M. (2020). COVID-19 epidemic: exercise or not to exercise; that is the question! Asian J. Sports Med. 11:e102630. doi: 10.5812/asjsm.102630
Harkness, A. R., Tellegen, A., and Waller, N. (1995). Differential convergence of self-report and informant data for multidimensional personality questionnaire traits: Implications for the construct of negative emotionality. J. Pers. Assess. 64, 185–204. doi: 10.1207/s15327752jpa6401_13
Hughes, M. E., Waite, L. J., Hawkley, L. C., and Cacioppo, J. T. (2004). A short scale for measuring loneliness in large surveys: results from two population-based studies. Res. Aging 26, 655–672. doi: 10.1177/0164027504268574
Kellmann, M., and Günther, K. (2000). Changes in stress and recovery in elite rowers during preparation for the olympic games. Med. Sci. Sports Exerc. 32, 676–683. doi: 10.1097/00005768-200003000-00019
Li, S., Wang, Y., Xue, J., Zhao, N., and Zhu, T. (2020). The impact of COVID-19 epidemic declaration on psychological consequences: a study on active weibo users. Intern. J. Environ. Res. Public Health 17:2032. doi: 10.3390/ijerph17062032
Marteau, T. M., and Bekker, H. (1992). The development of a six-item short-form of the state scale of the spielberger State—Trait anxiety inventory (STAI). Br. J. Clin. Psychol. 31, 301–306. doi: 10.1111/j.2044-8260.1992.tb00997.x
Mummery, W. K., Schofield, G., and Perry, C. (2004). Bouncing back: the role of coping style, social support and self-concept in resilience of sport performance. Athlet. Insight 6, 1–15.
Rammstedt, B., and John, O. P. (2007). Measuring personality in one minute or less: a 10-item short version of the big five inventory in english and german. J. Res. Pers. 41, 203–212. doi: 10.1016/j.jrp.2006.02.001
Ruiz, F. J., Luciano, C., Cangas, A. J., and Beltrán, I. (2013). Measuring experiential avoidance and psychological inflexibility: the spanish version of the acceptance and action questionnaire-II. Psicothema 25, 123–129.
Sánchez-Conde, P., Beltrán-Velasco, A. I., and Clemente-Suárez, V. J. (2019). Influence of psychological profile in autonomic response of nursing students in their first hospital clinical stays. Physiol. Behav. 207, 99–103. doi: 10.1016/j.physbeh.2019.05.008
Strewe, C., Muckenthaler, F., Feuerecker, M., Yi, B., Rykova, M., Kaufmann, I., et al. (2015). Functional changes in neutrophils and psychoneuroendocrine responses during 105 days of confinement. J. Appl. Physiol. 118, 1122–1127. doi: 10.1152/japplphysiol.00755.2014
Wicksell, R. K., Lekander, M., Sorjonen, K., and Olsson, G. L. (2010). The psychological inflexibility in pain scale (PIPS)-statistical properties and model fit of an instrument to assess change processes in pain related disability. Eur. J. Pain 14:771.
Woodruff, S. C., Glass, C. R., Arnkoff, D. B., Crowley, K. J., Hindman, R. K., and Hirschhorn, E. W. (2014). Comparing self-compassion, mindfulness, and psychological inflexibility as predictors of psychological health. Mindfulness 5, 410–421. doi: 10.1007/s12671-013-0195-9
World Health Organization (2020). Coronavirus Disease 2019 (COVID-19)Situation Report -81. Geneva: WHO.
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spelling Clemente-Suárez, Vicente Javieraa432216f3fbd15b4192bba77ed7f848Fuentes García, Juan Pedro41022004a695d148e3dba416f8763563de la Vega Marcos, Ricardo7b062dae5bfb371d5eb1d6c4c678c8b3MARTINEZ-PATIÑO, MARIA JOSE1fed3521581880c3774e364f6ffb238e2021-03-17T15:49:38Z2021-03-17T15:49:38Z2020-08-0516641078https://hdl.handle.net/11323/8033https://doi.org/10.3389/fpsyg.2020.01985Corporación Universidad de la CostaREDICUC - Repositorio CUChttps://repositorio.cuc.edu.co/The COVID-19 pandemic is now a major global health issue, affecting world population and high-performance athlete too. The aim of the present research was to analyze the effect of psychological profile, academic schedule, and gender in the perception of personal and professional threat of Olympic and Paralympic athletes facing the 2021 Tokyo Olympiad in the actual COVID-19 crisis. We analyzed in 136 Olympic (26.4 ± 6.2 years) and 39 Paralympic athletes (31.8 ± 9.3 years) academic and sport variables, individual perceptions about COVID-19 crisis, personality, loneliness, psychological inflexibility, and anxiety. Paralympic athletes perceived higher negative impact in their training and performance by the confinement than Olympic athletes (+24.18, p < 0.005, r = 0.60). Neuroticism and psychological inflexibility presented the greatest negative feelings for female athletes (+32.59, p < 0.000, r = 0.13) and the perception that quarantine would negatively affect their sports performance. Finally professional athletes showed lower values in personality tests (Agreeableness factor) about COVID-19 crisis than non-professionals (−40.62, p < 0.012, r = 0.88).application/pdfengCorporación Universidad de la CostaCC0 1.0 Universalhttp://creativecommons.org/publicdomain/zero/1.0/info:eu-repo/semantics/openAccesshttp://purl.org/coar/access_right/c_abf2Frontiers in Psychologyhttps://www.frontiersin.org/articles/10.3389/fpsyg.2020.01985/fullAdaptativeConfinementFocus of stressModulators of the personal and professional threat perception of olympic athletes in the actual COVID-19 crisisArtículo de revistahttp://purl.org/coar/resource_type/c_6501http://purl.org/coar/resource_type/c_2df8fbb1Textinfo:eu-repo/semantics/articlehttp://purl.org/redcol/resource_type/ARTinfo:eu-repo/semantics/acceptedVersionAltena, E., Baglioni, C., Espie, C. A., Ellis, J., Gavriloff, D., Holzinger, B., et al. (2020). Dealing with sleep problems during home confinement due to the COVID-19 outbreak: practical recommendations from a task force of the European CBT-I Academy. J. Sleep Res. 2020:e13052. doi: 10.1111/jsr.13052Basner, M., Dinges, D. F., Mollicone, D. J., Savelev, I., Ecker, A. J., Di Antonio, A., et al. (2014). Psychological and behavioral changes during confinement in a 520-day simulated interplanetary mission to mars. PLoS One 9:e93298. doi: 10.1371/journal.pone.0093298Belinchon-deMiguel, P., and Clemente-Suárez, V. J. (2018). Psychophysiological, body composition, biomechanical and autonomic modulation analysis procedures in an ultraendurance mountain race. J. Med. Syst. 42:32.Belinchon-Demiguel, P., and Clemente-Suarez, V. J. (2018). Nutrition, hydration and ergogenic aids strategies in ultraendurance mountain events. J. Sports Med. Phys. Fit. 59, 791–797. doi: 10.23736/S0022-4707.18.08920-XBelinchón-deMiguel, P., Ruisoto-Palomera, P., and Clemente-Suárez, V. J. (2019). Psychophysiological stress response of a paralympic athlete during an ultra-endurance event. A case study. J. Med. Syst. 43:70.Bellido, A., Ruisoto, P., Beltran-Velasco, A., and Clemente-Suárez, V. J. (2018). State of the art on the use of portable digital devices to assess stress in humans. J. Med. Syst. 42:100Beltrán-Velasco, A. I., Bellido-Esteban, A., Ruisoto-Palomera, P., Mendoza, K. H., and Clemente-Suárez, V. J. (2020). The effect of cultural differences in psychophysiological stress response in high education context: a pilot study. Appl. Psychophysiol. Biofeedback 45, 23–29. doi: 10.1007/s10484-019-09452-0Beltrán-Velasco, A. I., Ruisoto-Palomera, P., Bellido-Esteban, A., García-Mateos, M., and Clemente-Suárez, V. J. (2019). Analysis of psychophysiological stress response in higher education students undergoing clinical practice evaluation. J. Med. Syst. 43:68.Bond, F. W., Hayes, S. C., Baer, R. A., Carpenter, K. M., Guenole, N., Orcutt, H. K., et al. (2011). Preliminary psychometric properties of the acceptance and action Questionnaire-II: a revised measure of psychological inflexibility and experiential avoidance. Behav. Ther. 42, 676–688. doi: 10.1016/j.beth.2011.03.007Brooks, S. K., Webster, R. K., Smith, L. E., Woodland, L., Wessely, S., Greenberg, N., et al. (2020). The psychological impact of quarantine and how to reduce it: rapid review of the evidence. Lancet 395, 912–920. doi: 10.1016/s0140-6736(20)30460-8Casadevall, A., and Pirofski, L. (2020). The convalescent sera option for containing COVID-19. J. Clin. Invest. 130, 1545–1548. doi: 10.1172/jci138003Clemente-Suárez, V. J. (2020). Multidisciplinary intervention in the treatment of mixed anxiety and depression disorder. Physiol. Behav. 2020:112858. doi: 10.1016/j.physbeh.2020.112858Clemente-Suárez, V. J., Hormeño-Holgado, A., Jiménez, M., Benitez-Agudelo, J. C., Navarro-Jiménez, E., Perez-Palencia, N., et al. (2020). Dynamics of population immunity due to the herd effect in the COVID-19 pandemic. Vaccines 8:236. doi: 10.3390/vaccines8020236De La Vega, R., Barquín, R. R., Boros, S., and Szabo, A. (2020). Could attitudes toward COVID-19 in spain render men more vulnerable than women?. Glob. Public Health 1–36. doi: 10.31234/osf.io/dyxqnFagerland, M. W. (2012). t-tests, non-parametric tests, and large studies a paradox of statistical practice? BMC Med. Res. Methodol. 12:78. doi: 10.1186/1471-2288-12-78Fletcher, D., and Sarkar, M. (2012). A grounded theory of psychological resilience in olympic champions. Psychol. Sport Exerc. 13, 669–678. doi: 10.1016/j.psychsport.2012.04.007Fritz, C. O., Morris, P. E., and Richler, J. J. (2012). Effect size estimates: current use, calculations, and interpretation. J. Exper. Psychol. Gen. 141:2. doi: 10.1037/a0024338Gobierno de España (2020). The Government Decrees The State Of Alarm To Face The Expansion Of Coronavirus COVID-19. Available online at: https://www.lamoncloa.gob.es/consejodeministros/resumenes/Paginas/2020/14032020_alarma.aspx (accessed March 14, 2020).Halabchi, F., Ahmadinejad, Z., and Selk-Ghaffari, M. (2020). COVID-19 epidemic: exercise or not to exercise; that is the question! Asian J. Sports Med. 11:e102630. doi: 10.5812/asjsm.102630Harkness, A. R., Tellegen, A., and Waller, N. (1995). Differential convergence of self-report and informant data for multidimensional personality questionnaire traits: Implications for the construct of negative emotionality. J. Pers. Assess. 64, 185–204. doi: 10.1207/s15327752jpa6401_13Hughes, M. E., Waite, L. J., Hawkley, L. C., and Cacioppo, J. T. (2004). A short scale for measuring loneliness in large surveys: results from two population-based studies. Res. Aging 26, 655–672. doi: 10.1177/0164027504268574Kellmann, M., and Günther, K. (2000). Changes in stress and recovery in elite rowers during preparation for the olympic games. Med. Sci. Sports Exerc. 32, 676–683. doi: 10.1097/00005768-200003000-00019Li, S., Wang, Y., Xue, J., Zhao, N., and Zhu, T. (2020). The impact of COVID-19 epidemic declaration on psychological consequences: a study on active weibo users. Intern. J. Environ. Res. Public Health 17:2032. doi: 10.3390/ijerph17062032Marteau, T. M., and Bekker, H. (1992). The development of a six-item short-form of the state scale of the spielberger State—Trait anxiety inventory (STAI). Br. J. Clin. Psychol. 31, 301–306. doi: 10.1111/j.2044-8260.1992.tb00997.xMummery, W. K., Schofield, G., and Perry, C. (2004). Bouncing back: the role of coping style, social support and self-concept in resilience of sport performance. Athlet. Insight 6, 1–15.Rammstedt, B., and John, O. P. (2007). Measuring personality in one minute or less: a 10-item short version of the big five inventory in english and german. J. Res. Pers. 41, 203–212. doi: 10.1016/j.jrp.2006.02.001Ruiz, F. J., Luciano, C., Cangas, A. J., and Beltrán, I. (2013). Measuring experiential avoidance and psychological inflexibility: the spanish version of the acceptance and action questionnaire-II. Psicothema 25, 123–129.Sánchez-Conde, P., Beltrán-Velasco, A. I., and Clemente-Suárez, V. J. (2019). Influence of psychological profile in autonomic response of nursing students in their first hospital clinical stays. Physiol. Behav. 207, 99–103. doi: 10.1016/j.physbeh.2019.05.008Strewe, C., Muckenthaler, F., Feuerecker, M., Yi, B., Rykova, M., Kaufmann, I., et al. (2015). Functional changes in neutrophils and psychoneuroendocrine responses during 105 days of confinement. J. Appl. Physiol. 118, 1122–1127. doi: 10.1152/japplphysiol.00755.2014Wicksell, R. K., Lekander, M., Sorjonen, K., and Olsson, G. L. (2010). The psychological inflexibility in pain scale (PIPS)-statistical properties and model fit of an instrument to assess change processes in pain related disability. Eur. J. Pain 14:771.Woodruff, S. C., Glass, C. R., Arnkoff, D. B., Crowley, K. J., Hindman, R. K., and Hirschhorn, E. W. (2014). Comparing self-compassion, mindfulness, and psychological inflexibility as predictors of psychological health. Mindfulness 5, 410–421. doi: 10.1007/s12671-013-0195-9World Health Organization (2020). Coronavirus Disease 2019 (COVID-19)Situation Report -81. 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