Communication protocols evaluation for a wireless rainfall monitoring network in an urban area

Rainfall monitoring networks are key elements for the development of alerts and prediction models for communities at risk of flooding during high intensity rainfall events. Currently, most of these networks send the precipitation measurement to a data center in real-time using wireless communication...

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Autores:
Ortega Gonzalez, Lilia Maria
Acosta-Coll, Melisa
Piñeres Espitia, Gabriel Dario
Aziz Butt, Shariq
Tipo de recurso:
Article of journal
Fecha de publicación:
2021
Institución:
Corporación Universidad de la Costa
Repositorio:
REDICUC - Repositorio CUC
Idioma:
eng
OAI Identifier:
oai:repositorio.cuc.edu.co:11323/8473
Acceso en línea:
https://hdl.handle.net/11323/8473
https://doi.org/10.1016/j.heliyon.2021.e07353
https://repositorio.cuc.edu.co/
Palabra clave:
LoRaWAN
Rainfall monitoring
Zigbee
Sigfox
Rights
openAccess
License
CC0 1.0 Universal
id RCUC2_d970ef9f22912fed3fb53981c3a0c477
oai_identifier_str oai:repositorio.cuc.edu.co:11323/8473
network_acronym_str RCUC2
network_name_str REDICUC - Repositorio CUC
repository_id_str
dc.title.spa.fl_str_mv Communication protocols evaluation for a wireless rainfall monitoring network in an urban area
title Communication protocols evaluation for a wireless rainfall monitoring network in an urban area
spellingShingle Communication protocols evaluation for a wireless rainfall monitoring network in an urban area
LoRaWAN
Rainfall monitoring
Zigbee
Sigfox
title_short Communication protocols evaluation for a wireless rainfall monitoring network in an urban area
title_full Communication protocols evaluation for a wireless rainfall monitoring network in an urban area
title_fullStr Communication protocols evaluation for a wireless rainfall monitoring network in an urban area
title_full_unstemmed Communication protocols evaluation for a wireless rainfall monitoring network in an urban area
title_sort Communication protocols evaluation for a wireless rainfall monitoring network in an urban area
dc.creator.fl_str_mv Ortega Gonzalez, Lilia Maria
Acosta-Coll, Melisa
Piñeres Espitia, Gabriel Dario
Aziz Butt, Shariq
dc.contributor.author.spa.fl_str_mv Ortega Gonzalez, Lilia Maria
Acosta-Coll, Melisa
Piñeres Espitia, Gabriel Dario
Aziz Butt, Shariq
dc.subject.spa.fl_str_mv LoRaWAN
Rainfall monitoring
Zigbee
Sigfox
topic LoRaWAN
Rainfall monitoring
Zigbee
Sigfox
description Rainfall monitoring networks are key elements for the development of alerts and prediction models for communities at risk of flooding during high intensity rainfall events. Currently, most of these networks send the precipitation measurement to a data center in real-time using wireless communication protocols, avoiding travel to the measurement site. An Early Warning System (EWS) for pluvial flash floods developed in Barranquilla (Colombia), used the GPRS protocol to send rain gauge data in real-time to a web server for further processing; however, this protocol has a high consumption of energy and also high maintenance costs. This article carried out an evaluation in terms of link budget, link profile, energy consumption and devices costs of three low-power wireless communication protocols, Zigbee, LoRaWAN and Sigfox, to determine which one is the most suitable for the EWS of the city of Barranquilla. To perform the evaluation, a wireless sensor network was designed and characterized for Zigbee and LoRaWAN with Radio Mobile tool taking into account the measurement points implemented with GPRS network. The evaluation included the power consumption of Zigbee, LoRaWAN and Sigfox. From the results of simulations, LoRaWAN and Zigbee network has similar radio signal received and the LoRaWAN network obtains the least losses per path. As for power consumption, the LoRaWAN devices has the lowest energy consumption, as well as, the LoRaWAN network sensor nodes are cheaper. Finally, the protocol with the best general performance was LoRAWAN, since complies with the communication, consumption and cost requirements.
publishDate 2021
dc.date.accessioned.none.fl_str_mv 2021-07-19T20:07:34Z
dc.date.available.none.fl_str_mv 2021-07-19T20:07:34Z
dc.date.issued.none.fl_str_mv 2021
dc.type.spa.fl_str_mv Artículo de revista
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dc.identifier.issn.spa.fl_str_mv 2405-8440
dc.identifier.uri.spa.fl_str_mv https://hdl.handle.net/11323/8473
dc.identifier.doi.spa.fl_str_mv https://doi.org/10.1016/j.heliyon.2021.e07353
dc.identifier.instname.spa.fl_str_mv Corporación Universidad de la Costa
dc.identifier.reponame.spa.fl_str_mv REDICUC - Repositorio CUC
dc.identifier.repourl.spa.fl_str_mv https://repositorio.cuc.edu.co/
identifier_str_mv 2405-8440
Corporación Universidad de la Costa
REDICUC - Repositorio CUC
url https://hdl.handle.net/11323/8473
https://doi.org/10.1016/j.heliyon.2021.e07353
https://repositorio.cuc.edu.co/
dc.language.iso.none.fl_str_mv eng
language eng
dc.relation.references.spa.fl_str_mv Acosta Coll, 2013 M. Acosta Coll Sistemas de Alerta Temprana (S.A.T) para la Reducción del Riesgo de Inundaciones Súbitas y Fenómenos Atmosféricos en el Área Metropolitana de Barranquilla Sci. Tech., 18 (2) (2013), pp. 303-308
Acosta-Coll et al., 2018 M. Acosta-Coll, F. Ballester-Merelo, M. Martínez-Peiró Early warning system for detection of urban pluvial flooding hazard levels in an ungauged basin Nat. Hazards, 92 (2) (2018), pp. 1237-1265
Ávila, 2012 H. Ávila Perspectiva del manejo del drenaje pluvial frente al cambio climático - caso de estudio: ciudad de Barranquilla, Colombia∗ Revista de Ingeniería (36) (2012), pp. 54-59
Avila et al., 2017 L. Avila, H. Ávila, A. Sisa A reactive early warning model for urban flash flood management. World environmental and water resources Congress 2017: water, wastewater, and stormwater; urban watershed management; and municipal water infrastructure - selected papers from the world Environ. Water Res. Congr., 2017 (August) (2017), pp. 372-382
Balmaceda et al., 2018 J. Balmaceda, J. Aubert, M.R. Arias Performance Analysis of Radio Link Implementation for Low Cost Deployed WiMAX Networks 2017 IEEE 37th Central America and Panama Convention, CONCAPAN 2017, 2018–January (2018), pp. 1-5
Bhoyar et al., 2019 P. Bhoyar, P. Sahare, S.B. Dhok, R.B. Deshmukh Communication technologies and security challenges for internet of things: a comprehensive review AEU - Int. J. Electron. Commun., 99 (2019), pp. 81-99
Bonilla et al., 2016 I. Bonilla, T. Arturo, M. Morles Iot, El Internet De Las Cosas Y La Innovación De Sus Aplicaciones. VInculaTégica EFAN (1) (2016), pp. 2313-2340 Retrieved from: http://www.web.facpya.uanl.mx/Vinculategica/Revistas/R2/2313-2340 - Iot, El Internet De Las Cosas Y La Innovacion De Sus Aplicaciones.pdf
Buettrich, 2007 S. Buettrich Unidad 06 Unidad 06: : Cálculo de Radioenlace Cálculo de Radioenlace Tabla de contenido (2007), pp. 1-22 Retrieved from http://www.itrainonline.org/itrainonline/mmtk/wireless_es/files/06_es_calculo-de-radioenlace_guia_v02.pdf
Caicedo-Ortíz, 2015 J.G. Caicedo-Ortíz Modelo de despliegue de una WSN para la medición de las variables climáticas que causan fuertes precipitaciones Prospect, 13 (1) (2015), p. 106
Caicedo-Ortíz et al., 2018 J.G. Caicedo-Ortíz, E. De-la-Hoz-Franco, R.M. Ortega, G. Piñeres-Espitia, H. Combita-Niño, F. Estévez, A. Cama-Pinto Monitoring system for agronomic variables based in WSN technology on cassava crops Comput. Electron. Agric., 145 (2018), pp. 275-281
Cama-Pinto et al., 2016 A. Cama-Pinto, M. Acosta-Coll, G. Piñeres-Espitia, J. Caicedo-Ortíz, R. Zamora-Musa, J. Sepulveda-Ojeda Diseño de una red de sensores inalámbricos para la monitorización de inundaciones repentinas en la ciudad de Barranquilla, Colombia. Ingeniare Revista Chilena de Ingeniería, 24 (4) (2016), pp. 581-599
Garcia et al., 2016 F.C.C. Garcia, A.E. Retamar, J.C. Javier A real time urban flood monitoring system for metro Manila. IEEE Region 10 Annual International Conference Proceedings/TENCON, 2016–January (2016), pp. 3-7
García Garrancho, 2006 P. García Garrancho Manuel de uso de Radio Mobile (2006), p. 31 Retrieved from: https://upcommons.upc.edu/bitstream/handle/2099.1/6989/anexos/Anexo 16.pdf
Kadhim and Salih, 2014 L.A. Kadhim, S.M. Salih Indoor distributed antenna system for the university of baghdad building IEEE Trans. Antenn. Propag., 5 (4) (2014), pp. 57-68
Kaewwongsri and Silanon, 2020 K. Kaewwongsri, K. Silanon June). Design and implement of a weather monitoring station using CoAP on NB-IoT network 2020 17th International Conference on Electrical Engineering/Electronics, Computer, Telecommunications and Information Technology (ECTI-CON), IEEE (2020), pp. 230-233
Kama et al., 2018 A. Kama, M. Diallo, M.S. Drame Low cost connected and autonomous rain gauge for real time rainfall monitoring in Dakar 2018 25th International Conference on Telecommunications, ICT (2018), pp. 660-664 2018
Koucheryavy and Salim, 2009 A. Koucheryavy, A. Salim Cluster head selection for homogeneous wireless sensor networks Inte. Conf. Adv. Commun. Tech. ICACT, 3 (3) (2009), pp. 2141-2146
Mangundu et al., 2017 E.M. Mangundu, J.N. Mateus, G.A.L. Zodi, J. Johson October). A wireless sensor network for rainfall monitoring, using cellular network: a case for Namibia 2017 Global Wireless Summit (GWS), IEEE (2017), pp. 240-244
Martínez et al., 2009 R.F. Martínez, J.O. Meré, F.J.M. de Pisón Ascacíbar, A.G. Marcos, F.A. Elías Redes inalámbricas de sensores: teoría y aplicación práctica Grupo de Investigación EDMANS-Universidad de la Rioja, España (2009)
Mendoza et al., 2016 A. Mendoza, H. González, J. Buelvas, S.L.M. Rueda Guía para la Implementación de Sistemas de alerta temprana (2016)
Organización Meteorológica Mundial, 1994 Organización Meteorológica Mundial GUÍA DE PRACTICAS HIDROLÓGICAS (1994)
Rueda and Talavera Portocarrero, 2017 J.S. Rueda, J.M. Talavera Portocarrero Similitudes y diferencias entre Redes de Sensores Inalámbricas e Internet de las Cosas: hacia una postura clarificadora Revista Colombiana de Computación, 18 (2) (2017), pp. 58-74
Sadowski and Spachos, 2020 S. Sadowski, P. Spachos Wireless technologies for smart agricultural monitoring using internet of things devices with energy harvesting capabilities Comput. Electron. Agric., 172 (September 2019) (2020), p. 105338
Santos et al., 2020 S.C. Santos, R.M. Firmino, D.M.F. Mattos, D.S.V. Medeiros An IoT Rainfall Monitoring Application Based on Wireless Communication Technologies (2020), pp. 53-56
Seybold, 2005 J.S. Seybold Introduction to RF propagation Introduction to RF Propagation (2005)
Talavera et al., 2017 J.M. Talavera, L.E. Tobón, J.A. Gómez, M.A. Culman, J.M. Aranda, D.T. Parra, L.E. Garreta Review of IoT applications in agro-industrial and environmental fields Comput. Electron. Agric., 142 (September) (2017), pp. 283-297
Trandafir et al., 2010 B. Trandafir, O. Fratu, S. Halunga Simulation and analysis of a Wi-Fi public network using the radio mobile software 2010 9th International Symposium on Electronics and Telecommunications, ISETC’10 - Conference Proceedings (2010), pp. 281-284
Vitadhani et al., 2020 A. Vitadhani, F. Alief, B. Haryanto, R. Harwahyu, R. Fitri Sari Simulating LoRaWAN for flood early warning system in ciliwung river, bogor-Jakarta Proceedings - 2020 International Seminar on Application for Technology of Information and Communication: IT Challenges for Sustainability, Scalability, and Security in the Age of Digital Disruption, ISemantic 2020 (2020), pp. 274-279
Zennaro et al., 2010 M. Zennaro, A. Bagula, D. Gascon, A.B. Noveleta Long distance wireless sensor networks: simulation vs reality Proceedings of the 4th ACM Workshop on Networked Systems for Developing (2010)
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spelling Ortega Gonzalez, Lilia Mariabd910636f6280d90b45fd052657a3558Acosta-Coll, Melisa2d3f71f9a5df5bbb04417bc9f0a62e97Piñeres Espitia, Gabriel Dario1560714ef1fd6ceda28e93b1c47da050Aziz Butt, Shariq89a17448477f96630c02ff5856c3deb62021-07-19T20:07:34Z2021-07-19T20:07:34Z20212405-8440https://hdl.handle.net/11323/8473https://doi.org/10.1016/j.heliyon.2021.e07353Corporación Universidad de la CostaREDICUC - Repositorio CUChttps://repositorio.cuc.edu.co/Rainfall monitoring networks are key elements for the development of alerts and prediction models for communities at risk of flooding during high intensity rainfall events. Currently, most of these networks send the precipitation measurement to a data center in real-time using wireless communication protocols, avoiding travel to the measurement site. An Early Warning System (EWS) for pluvial flash floods developed in Barranquilla (Colombia), used the GPRS protocol to send rain gauge data in real-time to a web server for further processing; however, this protocol has a high consumption of energy and also high maintenance costs. This article carried out an evaluation in terms of link budget, link profile, energy consumption and devices costs of three low-power wireless communication protocols, Zigbee, LoRaWAN and Sigfox, to determine which one is the most suitable for the EWS of the city of Barranquilla. To perform the evaluation, a wireless sensor network was designed and characterized for Zigbee and LoRaWAN with Radio Mobile tool taking into account the measurement points implemented with GPRS network. The evaluation included the power consumption of Zigbee, LoRaWAN and Sigfox. From the results of simulations, LoRaWAN and Zigbee network has similar radio signal received and the LoRaWAN network obtains the least losses per path. As for power consumption, the LoRaWAN devices has the lowest energy consumption, as well as, the LoRaWAN network sensor nodes are cheaper. Finally, the protocol with the best general performance was LoRAWAN, since complies with the communication, consumption and cost requirements.application/pdfengCorporación Universidad de la CostaCC0 1.0 Universalhttp://creativecommons.org/publicdomain/zero/1.0/info:eu-repo/semantics/openAccesshttp://purl.org/coar/access_right/c_abf2Heliyonhttps://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S2405844021014560LoRaWANRainfall monitoringZigbeeSigfoxCommunication protocols evaluation for a wireless rainfall monitoring network in an urban areaArtículo de revistahttp://purl.org/coar/resource_type/c_6501http://purl.org/coar/resource_type/c_2df8fbb1Textinfo:eu-repo/semantics/articlehttp://purl.org/redcol/resource_type/ARTinfo:eu-repo/semantics/acceptedVersionAcosta Coll, 2013 M. Acosta Coll Sistemas de Alerta Temprana (S.A.T) para la Reducción del Riesgo de Inundaciones Súbitas y Fenómenos Atmosféricos en el Área Metropolitana de Barranquilla Sci. Tech., 18 (2) (2013), pp. 303-308Acosta-Coll et al., 2018 M. Acosta-Coll, F. Ballester-Merelo, M. Martínez-Peiró Early warning system for detection of urban pluvial flooding hazard levels in an ungauged basin Nat. Hazards, 92 (2) (2018), pp. 1237-1265Ávila, 2012 H. Ávila Perspectiva del manejo del drenaje pluvial frente al cambio climático - caso de estudio: ciudad de Barranquilla, Colombia∗ Revista de Ingeniería (36) (2012), pp. 54-59Avila et al., 2017 L. Avila, H. Ávila, A. Sisa A reactive early warning model for urban flash flood management. World environmental and water resources Congress 2017: water, wastewater, and stormwater; urban watershed management; and municipal water infrastructure - selected papers from the world Environ. Water Res. Congr., 2017 (August) (2017), pp. 372-382Balmaceda et al., 2018 J. Balmaceda, J. Aubert, M.R. Arias Performance Analysis of Radio Link Implementation for Low Cost Deployed WiMAX Networks 2017 IEEE 37th Central America and Panama Convention, CONCAPAN 2017, 2018–January (2018), pp. 1-5Bhoyar et al., 2019 P. Bhoyar, P. Sahare, S.B. Dhok, R.B. Deshmukh Communication technologies and security challenges for internet of things: a comprehensive review AEU - Int. J. Electron. Commun., 99 (2019), pp. 81-99Bonilla et al., 2016 I. Bonilla, T. Arturo, M. Morles Iot, El Internet De Las Cosas Y La Innovación De Sus Aplicaciones. VInculaTégica EFAN (1) (2016), pp. 2313-2340 Retrieved from: http://www.web.facpya.uanl.mx/Vinculategica/Revistas/R2/2313-2340 - Iot, El Internet De Las Cosas Y La Innovacion De Sus Aplicaciones.pdfBuettrich, 2007 S. Buettrich Unidad 06 Unidad 06: : Cálculo de Radioenlace Cálculo de Radioenlace Tabla de contenido (2007), pp. 1-22 Retrieved from http://www.itrainonline.org/itrainonline/mmtk/wireless_es/files/06_es_calculo-de-radioenlace_guia_v02.pdfCaicedo-Ortíz, 2015 J.G. Caicedo-Ortíz Modelo de despliegue de una WSN para la medición de las variables climáticas que causan fuertes precipitaciones Prospect, 13 (1) (2015), p. 106Caicedo-Ortíz et al., 2018 J.G. Caicedo-Ortíz, E. De-la-Hoz-Franco, R.M. Ortega, G. Piñeres-Espitia, H. Combita-Niño, F. Estévez, A. Cama-Pinto Monitoring system for agronomic variables based in WSN technology on cassava crops Comput. Electron. Agric., 145 (2018), pp. 275-281Cama-Pinto et al., 2016 A. Cama-Pinto, M. Acosta-Coll, G. Piñeres-Espitia, J. Caicedo-Ortíz, R. Zamora-Musa, J. Sepulveda-Ojeda Diseño de una red de sensores inalámbricos para la monitorización de inundaciones repentinas en la ciudad de Barranquilla, Colombia. Ingeniare Revista Chilena de Ingeniería, 24 (4) (2016), pp. 581-599Garcia et al., 2016 F.C.C. Garcia, A.E. Retamar, J.C. Javier A real time urban flood monitoring system for metro Manila. IEEE Region 10 Annual International Conference Proceedings/TENCON, 2016–January (2016), pp. 3-7García Garrancho, 2006 P. García Garrancho Manuel de uso de Radio Mobile (2006), p. 31 Retrieved from: https://upcommons.upc.edu/bitstream/handle/2099.1/6989/anexos/Anexo 16.pdfKadhim and Salih, 2014 L.A. Kadhim, S.M. Salih Indoor distributed antenna system for the university of baghdad building IEEE Trans. Antenn. Propag., 5 (4) (2014), pp. 57-68Kaewwongsri and Silanon, 2020 K. Kaewwongsri, K. Silanon June). Design and implement of a weather monitoring station using CoAP on NB-IoT network 2020 17th International Conference on Electrical Engineering/Electronics, Computer, Telecommunications and Information Technology (ECTI-CON), IEEE (2020), pp. 230-233Kama et al., 2018 A. Kama, M. Diallo, M.S. Drame Low cost connected and autonomous rain gauge for real time rainfall monitoring in Dakar 2018 25th International Conference on Telecommunications, ICT (2018), pp. 660-664 2018Koucheryavy and Salim, 2009 A. Koucheryavy, A. Salim Cluster head selection for homogeneous wireless sensor networks Inte. Conf. Adv. Commun. Tech. ICACT, 3 (3) (2009), pp. 2141-2146Mangundu et al., 2017 E.M. Mangundu, J.N. Mateus, G.A.L. Zodi, J. Johson October). A wireless sensor network for rainfall monitoring, using cellular network: a case for Namibia 2017 Global Wireless Summit (GWS), IEEE (2017), pp. 240-244Martínez et al., 2009 R.F. Martínez, J.O. Meré, F.J.M. de Pisón Ascacíbar, A.G. Marcos, F.A. Elías Redes inalámbricas de sensores: teoría y aplicación práctica Grupo de Investigación EDMANS-Universidad de la Rioja, España (2009)Mendoza et al., 2016 A. Mendoza, H. González, J. Buelvas, S.L.M. Rueda Guía para la Implementación de Sistemas de alerta temprana (2016)Organización Meteorológica Mundial, 1994 Organización Meteorológica Mundial GUÍA DE PRACTICAS HIDROLÓGICAS (1994)Rueda and Talavera Portocarrero, 2017 J.S. Rueda, J.M. Talavera Portocarrero Similitudes y diferencias entre Redes de Sensores Inalámbricas e Internet de las Cosas: hacia una postura clarificadora Revista Colombiana de Computación, 18 (2) (2017), pp. 58-74Sadowski and Spachos, 2020 S. Sadowski, P. Spachos Wireless technologies for smart agricultural monitoring using internet of things devices with energy harvesting capabilities Comput. Electron. Agric., 172 (September 2019) (2020), p. 105338Santos et al., 2020 S.C. Santos, R.M. Firmino, D.M.F. Mattos, D.S.V. Medeiros An IoT Rainfall Monitoring Application Based on Wireless Communication Technologies (2020), pp. 53-56Seybold, 2005 J.S. Seybold Introduction to RF propagation Introduction to RF Propagation (2005)Talavera et al., 2017 J.M. Talavera, L.E. Tobón, J.A. Gómez, M.A. Culman, J.M. Aranda, D.T. Parra, L.E. Garreta Review of IoT applications in agro-industrial and environmental fields Comput. Electron. Agric., 142 (September) (2017), pp. 283-297Trandafir et al., 2010 B. Trandafir, O. Fratu, S. Halunga Simulation and analysis of a Wi-Fi public network using the radio mobile software 2010 9th International Symposium on Electronics and Telecommunications, ISETC’10 - Conference Proceedings (2010), pp. 281-284Vitadhani et al., 2020 A. Vitadhani, F. Alief, B. Haryanto, R. Harwahyu, R. Fitri Sari Simulating LoRaWAN for flood early warning system in ciliwung river, bogor-Jakarta Proceedings - 2020 International Seminar on Application for Technology of Information and Communication: IT Challenges for Sustainability, Scalability, and Security in the Age of Digital Disruption, ISemantic 2020 (2020), pp. 274-279Zennaro et al., 2010 M. Zennaro, A. Bagula, D. Gascon, A.B. Noveleta Long distance wireless sensor networks: simulation vs reality Proceedings of the 4th ACM Workshop on Networked Systems for Developing (2010)ORIGINALCommunication Protocols Evaluation for a Wireless Rainfall Monitoring Network in Urban Area.pdfCommunication Protocols Evaluation for a Wireless Rainfall Monitoring Network in Urban Area.pdfapplication/pdf4628463https://repositorio.cuc.edu.co/bitstream/11323/8473/1/Communication%20Protocols%20Evaluation%20for%20a%20Wireless%20Rainfall%20Monitoring%20Network%20in%20Urban%20Area.pdff7826abeae545035f8876130b354c284MD51open accessCC-LICENSElicense_rdflicense_rdfapplication/rdf+xml; charset=utf-8701https://repositorio.cuc.edu.co/bitstream/11323/8473/2/license_rdf42fd4ad1e89814f5e4a476b409eb708cMD52open accessLICENSElicense.txtlicense.txttext/plain; charset=utf-83196https://repositorio.cuc.edu.co/bitstream/11323/8473/3/license.txte30e9215131d99561d40d6b0abbe9badMD53open accessTHUMBNAILCommunication Protocols Evaluation for a Wireless 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