Production and Characterization of Biodiesel from Cotton Oil as an Alternative Energy in Substitution of Soybean Oil

Biodiesel production has currently used virgin raw materials that have a direct use for mainly food uses, as in the case of vegetable oils, mainly soybean, and may in some cases affect food safety. Raw materials such as cotton oils that are obtained from seeds, which are the residual products of pro...

Full description

Autores:
Velásquez Piñas, Jean Agustin
Pacheco Torres, Pedro Jessid
Denisse Calle, Orly
Mora Higuera, Leidy Milena
Grimaldo Guerrero, John William
de la Ossa Ruiz, Martha Patricia
Tipo de recurso:
Article of journal
Fecha de publicación:
2018
Institución:
Corporación Universidad de la Costa
Repositorio:
REDICUC - Repositorio CUC
Idioma:
eng
OAI Identifier:
oai:repositorio.cuc.edu.co:11323/2948
Acceso en línea:
http://hdl.handle.net/11323/2948
https://repositorio.cuc.edu.co/
Palabra clave:
Biodiesel
cotton oil
soybean oil
transesterification
Rights
openAccess
License
Atribución – No comercial – Compartir igual
id RCUC2_d09253909e316e19bee53a8d1416808c
oai_identifier_str oai:repositorio.cuc.edu.co:11323/2948
network_acronym_str RCUC2
network_name_str REDICUC - Repositorio CUC
repository_id_str
dc.title.spa.fl_str_mv Production and Characterization of Biodiesel from Cotton Oil as an Alternative Energy in Substitution of Soybean Oil
title Production and Characterization of Biodiesel from Cotton Oil as an Alternative Energy in Substitution of Soybean Oil
spellingShingle Production and Characterization of Biodiesel from Cotton Oil as an Alternative Energy in Substitution of Soybean Oil
Biodiesel
cotton oil
soybean oil
transesterification
title_short Production and Characterization of Biodiesel from Cotton Oil as an Alternative Energy in Substitution of Soybean Oil
title_full Production and Characterization of Biodiesel from Cotton Oil as an Alternative Energy in Substitution of Soybean Oil
title_fullStr Production and Characterization of Biodiesel from Cotton Oil as an Alternative Energy in Substitution of Soybean Oil
title_full_unstemmed Production and Characterization of Biodiesel from Cotton Oil as an Alternative Energy in Substitution of Soybean Oil
title_sort Production and Characterization of Biodiesel from Cotton Oil as an Alternative Energy in Substitution of Soybean Oil
dc.creator.fl_str_mv Velásquez Piñas, Jean Agustin
Pacheco Torres, Pedro Jessid
Denisse Calle, Orly
Mora Higuera, Leidy Milena
Grimaldo Guerrero, John William
de la Ossa Ruiz, Martha Patricia
dc.contributor.author.spa.fl_str_mv Velásquez Piñas, Jean Agustin
Pacheco Torres, Pedro Jessid
Denisse Calle, Orly
Mora Higuera, Leidy Milena
Grimaldo Guerrero, John William
de la Ossa Ruiz, Martha Patricia
dc.subject.spa.fl_str_mv Biodiesel
cotton oil
soybean oil
transesterification
topic Biodiesel
cotton oil
soybean oil
transesterification
description Biodiesel production has currently used virgin raw materials that have a direct use for mainly food uses, as in the case of vegetable oils, mainly soybean, and may in some cases affect food safety. Raw materials such as cotton oils that are obtained from seeds, which are the residual products of productive chains, can help food security, energy and the exploration of new sources of energy of less environmental impact. The present work investigated the chemical and physical characteristics of biodiesel produced from cotton oil in comparison to soybean oil (BOA). The results show that the acidity and viscosity of the BOA are within the permissible values of ANP 03/2014, and the viscosity of the BOA product of the transesterification of soybean oil has values of 4.41 ± 0.20 mm2 s -1 . Finally, it can be concluded that cotton oil may be an alternative to replace soybean oil; however, the availability of raw material may play an important role.
publishDate 2018
dc.date.issued.none.fl_str_mv 2018-12-31
dc.date.accessioned.none.fl_str_mv 2019-03-12T19:31:55Z
dc.date.available.none.fl_str_mv 2019-03-12T19:31:55Z
dc.type.spa.fl_str_mv Artículo de revista
dc.type.coar.fl_str_mv http://purl.org/coar/resource_type/c_2df8fbb1
dc.type.coar.spa.fl_str_mv http://purl.org/coar/resource_type/c_6501
dc.type.content.spa.fl_str_mv Text
dc.type.driver.spa.fl_str_mv info:eu-repo/semantics/article
dc.type.redcol.spa.fl_str_mv http://purl.org/redcol/resource_type/ART
dc.type.version.spa.fl_str_mv info:eu-repo/semantics/acceptedVersion
format http://purl.org/coar/resource_type/c_6501
status_str acceptedVersion
dc.identifier.issn.spa.fl_str_mv 1791-2377
dc.identifier.uri.spa.fl_str_mv http://hdl.handle.net/11323/2948
dc.identifier.instname.spa.fl_str_mv Corporación Universidad de la Costa
dc.identifier.reponame.spa.fl_str_mv REDICUC - Repositorio CUC
dc.identifier.repourl.spa.fl_str_mv https://repositorio.cuc.edu.co/
identifier_str_mv 1791-2377
Corporación Universidad de la Costa
REDICUC - Repositorio CUC
url http://hdl.handle.net/11323/2948
https://repositorio.cuc.edu.co/
dc.language.iso.none.fl_str_mv eng
language eng
dc.relation.references.spa.fl_str_mv [1] J. Lafont, A. Espitia and J. Sodré, "Potential vegetable sources for biodiesel production: Cashew, coconut and cotton," Materials for Renewable and Sustainable Energy, vol. 4, no. 1, pp. 1-7, 2015. [2] N. Kokkinos, A. Lazaridou, N. Stamatis, S. Orfanidis, A. C. Mitropoulos, A. Christoforidis and N. Nikolaou, "Biodiesel Production from Selected Microalgae Strains and Determination of its Properties and Combustion Specific Characteristics," Journal of Engineering Science & Technology Review, vol. 8, no. 4, pp. 1-6, 2015. [3] D. Huang, H. Zhou and L. Lin, "Biodiesel: An alternative to conventional fuel," Energy Procedia, vol. 16, no. PART C, p. 1874– 1885, 2011. [4] A. Sagastume Gutiérrez, J. Cabello Eras, D. Huisingh, C. Vandecasteele and L. Hens, "The current potential of low-carbon economy and biomass-based electricity in Cuba. The case of sugarcane, energy cane and marabu (Dichrostachys cinerea) as biomass sources," Journal of Cleaner Production, vol. 172, no. 20, pp. 2108-2122, 2018. [5] C. Alejos Altamirano, L. Yokoyama, J. De Medeiros and O. De Queiroz Fernandes Araújo, "Ethylic or methylic route to soybean biodiesel? Tracking environmental answers through life cycle assessment," Applied Energy, vol. 184, pp. 1246-1263, 2016. [6] R. Fan, J. Zhao, Y. Du, W. Zhao, W. Guo, J. Yang and X. Chen, "Biodiesel production from Fructus Schisandrae seed oil," Indian Journal of Biotecnology, vol. 16, no. 1, pp. 114-118, 2017. [7] S. Prabhakar and K. Annamalai, "Biodiesels: an alternative renewable energy for next century," Journal of scientific and industrial research, vol. 70, no. 10, pp. 875-878, 2011. [8] A. Samniang, C. Tipachan and S. Kajorncheappun-ngam, "Comparison of biodiesel production from crude Jatropha oil and Krating oil by supercritical methanol transesterification," Renewable Energy, vol. 68, p. 351–355, 2014. [9] Y. Jiang and Y. Zhang, "Supply Chain Optimization of Biodiesel Produced from Waste Cooking Oil," Transportation Research Procedia, vol. 12, p. 938–949, 2016. [10] M. Ali, M. Mashud, M. Rubel and R. Ahmad, "Biodiesel from Neem Oil as an Alternative Fuel for Diesel Engine," Procedia Engineering, vol. 56, pp. 625-630, 2013. [11] P. Saxena, S. Jawale and M. Joshipura, "A review on prediction of properties of biodiesel and blends of biodiesel," Procedia Engineering, vol. 51, pp. 395-402, 2013. [12] N. Kolesárová, M. Hutan, I. Bodík and V. Špalková, "Utilization of biodiesel by-products for biogas production," Journal of Biomedicine and Biotechnology, vol. 2011, 2011. [13] H. Bashiri and N. Pourbeiram, "Biodiesel production through transesterification of soybean oil: A kinetic Monte Carlo study," Journal of Molecular Liquids, vol. 223, p. 10–15, 2016. [14] E. Alptekin and M. Canakci, "Determination of the density and the viscosities of biodiesel-diesel fuel blends," Renewable Energy, vol. 33, no. 12, p. 2623–2630, 2008. [15] K. A. Sorate and P. V. Bhale, "Impact of biodiesel on fuel system materials durability," Journal of scientific and industrial research, vol. 72, no. 1, pp. 48-57, 2013. [16] M. Canakci, "Combustion characteristics of a turbocharged DI compression ignition engine fueled with petroleum diesel fuels and biodiesel," Bioresource Technology, vol. 98, no. 6, pp. 1167-1175, 2007. [17] EPE, "Balanço Energético Nacional 2016: Ano Base 2015," Empresa de Pesquisa Energética, Rio de Janeiro, Brasil, 2016. [18] ANP - Agência Nacional do Petróleo Gás Natural e Biocombustíveis, "Resolução No45/2014," Diário Oficial da União vol. 1, n.1, 2014. [19] V. Gurau and S. Sandhu, "Optimization and Characterization of Biodiesel Production from India Originated Bitter Apricot Kernel Oil," Journal of scientific and industrial research, vol. 77, no. 06, pp. 345-348, 2018. [20] A. Deep, S. Sandhu and S. Chander, "Optimization of Reaction Parameters of Transesterification for Castor Oil," Journal of Scientific & Industrial Research, vol. 76, no. 02, pp. 115-118, 2017. [21] D. Onukwuli, L. Emembolu, C. Ude, S. Aliozo and M. Menkiti, "Optimization of biodiesel production from refined cotton seed oil and its characterization," Egyptian Journal of Petroleum, vol. 26, no. 01, pp. 103-110, 2016. [22] D. Leung and Y. Guo, "Transesterification of neat and used frying oil: Optimization for biodiesel production," Fuel Processing Technology, vol. 87, no. 10, pp. 883-890, 2006. [23] M. Alves, S. Nascimento, I. Pereira, M. Martins, V. Cardoso and M. Reis, "Biodiesel purification using micro and ultrafiltration membranes," Renewable Energy, vol. 58, pp. 15-20, 2013. [24] F. Gunstone, Vegetable Oils in Food Technology: Composition, Properties and Uses, 2 ed., Oxford, UK: Wiley-Blackwell, 2011. [25] I. Lôbo, S. Ferreira and R. Da Cruz, "Biodiesel: parâmetros de qualidade e métodos analíticos," Química Nova, vol. 32, no. 6, p. 1596–1608, 2009. [26] S. Marda, Thesis of Master: Production of biodiesel from tall oil, New York: State University of New York College of Environmental Science and Forestry, 2006. [27] G. Madras, C. Kolluru and R. Kumar, "Synthesis of biodiesel in supercritical fluids," Fuel, vol. 83, no. 14-15, pp. 2029-2033, 2004. [28] J. Maçaira, A. Santana, F. Recasens and M. A. Larrayoz, "Biodiesel production using supercritical methanol/carbon dioxide mixtures in a continuous reactor," Fuel, vol. 90, no. 6, pp. 2280- 2288, 2011. [29] P. Patidar and S. M. Mahajani, "Esterification of fusel oil using reactive distillation – Part I: Reaction kinetics," Chemical Engineering Journal, Vols. 207-208, pp. 377-387, 2012. [30] B. Zhang, Z. Zhong, J. Zhang and R. Ruan, "Catalytic fast copyrolysis of biomass and fusel alcohol to enhance aromatic hydrocarbon production over ZSM-5 catalyst in a fluidized bed reactor," Journal of Analytical and Applied Pyrolysis, vol. 133, no. , pp. 147-153, 2018.
dc.rights.spa.fl_str_mv Atribución – No comercial – Compartir igual
dc.rights.accessrights.spa.fl_str_mv info:eu-repo/semantics/openAccess
dc.rights.coar.spa.fl_str_mv http://purl.org/coar/access_right/c_abf2
rights_invalid_str_mv Atribución – No comercial – Compartir igual
http://purl.org/coar/access_right/c_abf2
eu_rights_str_mv openAccess
dc.publisher.spa.fl_str_mv Journal of Engineering Science and Technology Review
institution Corporación Universidad de la Costa
bitstream.url.fl_str_mv https://repositorio.cuc.edu.co/bitstream/11323/2948/1/Production%20and%20Characterization%20of%20Biodiesel%20from%20Cotton%20Oil%20as%20an%20Alternative%20Energy%20in%20Substitution%20of%20Soybean%20Oil.pdf
https://repositorio.cuc.edu.co/bitstream/11323/2948/2/license.txt
https://repositorio.cuc.edu.co/bitstream/11323/2948/4/Production%20and%20Characterization%20of%20Biodiesel%20from%20Cotton%20Oil%20as%20an%20Alternative%20Energy%20in%20Substitution%20of%20Soybean%20Oil.pdf.jpg
https://repositorio.cuc.edu.co/bitstream/11323/2948/5/Production%20and%20Characterization%20of%20Biodiesel%20from%20Cotton%20Oil%20as%20an%20Alternative%20Energy%20in%20Substitution%20of%20Soybean%20Oil.pdf.txt
bitstream.checksum.fl_str_mv ee23040baa326dc3fb903a825a165e8b
8a4605be74aa9ea9d79846c1fba20a33
e2bbfd446f8650ae71a032c68270557b
5ae41812ce255f8b2c1f820d33f03f09
bitstream.checksumAlgorithm.fl_str_mv MD5
MD5
MD5
MD5
repository.name.fl_str_mv Repositorio Universidad de La Costa
repository.mail.fl_str_mv bdigital@metabiblioteca.com
_version_ 1808400060450340864
spelling Velásquez Piñas, Jean Agustin6548c10bea50889dc20873532b6a1d32300Pacheco Torres, Pedro Jessid6be543e0fd34cc43fb88b077da172c70Denisse Calle, Orly76e198e4c6b3bf9dd586f38065cf4e1c300Mora Higuera, Leidy Milenaec78c2979c1a1b5e4bead78a52585ea2300Grimaldo Guerrero, John William4554b13a3632a3d9cb61becc3dd94e2dde la Ossa Ruiz, Martha Patricia09773d58710771e40f8b3959756861fc3002019-03-12T19:31:55Z2019-03-12T19:31:55Z2018-12-311791-2377http://hdl.handle.net/11323/2948Corporación Universidad de la CostaREDICUC - Repositorio CUChttps://repositorio.cuc.edu.co/Biodiesel production has currently used virgin raw materials that have a direct use for mainly food uses, as in the case of vegetable oils, mainly soybean, and may in some cases affect food safety. Raw materials such as cotton oils that are obtained from seeds, which are the residual products of productive chains, can help food security, energy and the exploration of new sources of energy of less environmental impact. The present work investigated the chemical and physical characteristics of biodiesel produced from cotton oil in comparison to soybean oil (BOA). The results show that the acidity and viscosity of the BOA are within the permissible values of ANP 03/2014, and the viscosity of the BOA product of the transesterification of soybean oil has values of 4.41 ± 0.20 mm2 s -1 . Finally, it can be concluded that cotton oil may be an alternative to replace soybean oil; however, the availability of raw material may play an important role.engJournal of Engineering Science and Technology ReviewAtribución – No comercial – Compartir igualinfo:eu-repo/semantics/openAccesshttp://purl.org/coar/access_right/c_abf2Biodieselcotton oilsoybean oiltransesterificationProduction and Characterization of Biodiesel from Cotton Oil as an Alternative Energy in Substitution of Soybean OilArtículo de revistahttp://purl.org/coar/resource_type/c_6501http://purl.org/coar/resource_type/c_2df8fbb1Textinfo:eu-repo/semantics/articlehttp://purl.org/redcol/resource_type/ARTinfo:eu-repo/semantics/acceptedVersion[1] J. Lafont, A. Espitia and J. Sodré, "Potential vegetable sources for biodiesel production: Cashew, coconut and cotton," Materials for Renewable and Sustainable Energy, vol. 4, no. 1, pp. 1-7, 2015. [2] N. Kokkinos, A. Lazaridou, N. Stamatis, S. Orfanidis, A. C. Mitropoulos, A. Christoforidis and N. Nikolaou, "Biodiesel Production from Selected Microalgae Strains and Determination of its Properties and Combustion Specific Characteristics," Journal of Engineering Science & Technology Review, vol. 8, no. 4, pp. 1-6, 2015. [3] D. Huang, H. Zhou and L. Lin, "Biodiesel: An alternative to conventional fuel," Energy Procedia, vol. 16, no. PART C, p. 1874– 1885, 2011. [4] A. Sagastume Gutiérrez, J. Cabello Eras, D. Huisingh, C. Vandecasteele and L. Hens, "The current potential of low-carbon economy and biomass-based electricity in Cuba. The case of sugarcane, energy cane and marabu (Dichrostachys cinerea) as biomass sources," Journal of Cleaner Production, vol. 172, no. 20, pp. 2108-2122, 2018. [5] C. Alejos Altamirano, L. Yokoyama, J. De Medeiros and O. De Queiroz Fernandes Araújo, "Ethylic or methylic route to soybean biodiesel? Tracking environmental answers through life cycle assessment," Applied Energy, vol. 184, pp. 1246-1263, 2016. [6] R. Fan, J. Zhao, Y. Du, W. Zhao, W. Guo, J. Yang and X. Chen, "Biodiesel production from Fructus Schisandrae seed oil," Indian Journal of Biotecnology, vol. 16, no. 1, pp. 114-118, 2017. [7] S. Prabhakar and K. Annamalai, "Biodiesels: an alternative renewable energy for next century," Journal of scientific and industrial research, vol. 70, no. 10, pp. 875-878, 2011. [8] A. Samniang, C. Tipachan and S. Kajorncheappun-ngam, "Comparison of biodiesel production from crude Jatropha oil and Krating oil by supercritical methanol transesterification," Renewable Energy, vol. 68, p. 351–355, 2014. [9] Y. Jiang and Y. Zhang, "Supply Chain Optimization of Biodiesel Produced from Waste Cooking Oil," Transportation Research Procedia, vol. 12, p. 938–949, 2016. [10] M. Ali, M. Mashud, M. Rubel and R. Ahmad, "Biodiesel from Neem Oil as an Alternative Fuel for Diesel Engine," Procedia Engineering, vol. 56, pp. 625-630, 2013. [11] P. Saxena, S. Jawale and M. Joshipura, "A review on prediction of properties of biodiesel and blends of biodiesel," Procedia Engineering, vol. 51, pp. 395-402, 2013. [12] N. Kolesárová, M. Hutan, I. Bodík and V. Špalková, "Utilization of biodiesel by-products for biogas production," Journal of Biomedicine and Biotechnology, vol. 2011, 2011. [13] H. Bashiri and N. Pourbeiram, "Biodiesel production through transesterification of soybean oil: A kinetic Monte Carlo study," Journal of Molecular Liquids, vol. 223, p. 10–15, 2016. [14] E. Alptekin and M. Canakci, "Determination of the density and the viscosities of biodiesel-diesel fuel blends," Renewable Energy, vol. 33, no. 12, p. 2623–2630, 2008. [15] K. A. Sorate and P. V. Bhale, "Impact of biodiesel on fuel system materials durability," Journal of scientific and industrial research, vol. 72, no. 1, pp. 48-57, 2013. [16] M. Canakci, "Combustion characteristics of a turbocharged DI compression ignition engine fueled with petroleum diesel fuels and biodiesel," Bioresource Technology, vol. 98, no. 6, pp. 1167-1175, 2007. [17] EPE, "Balanço Energético Nacional 2016: Ano Base 2015," Empresa de Pesquisa Energética, Rio de Janeiro, Brasil, 2016. [18] ANP - Agência Nacional do Petróleo Gás Natural e Biocombustíveis, "Resolução No45/2014," Diário Oficial da União vol. 1, n.1, 2014. [19] V. Gurau and S. Sandhu, "Optimization and Characterization of Biodiesel Production from India Originated Bitter Apricot Kernel Oil," Journal of scientific and industrial research, vol. 77, no. 06, pp. 345-348, 2018. [20] A. Deep, S. Sandhu and S. Chander, "Optimization of Reaction Parameters of Transesterification for Castor Oil," Journal of Scientific & Industrial Research, vol. 76, no. 02, pp. 115-118, 2017. [21] D. Onukwuli, L. Emembolu, C. Ude, S. Aliozo and M. Menkiti, "Optimization of biodiesel production from refined cotton seed oil and its characterization," Egyptian Journal of Petroleum, vol. 26, no. 01, pp. 103-110, 2016. [22] D. Leung and Y. Guo, "Transesterification of neat and used frying oil: Optimization for biodiesel production," Fuel Processing Technology, vol. 87, no. 10, pp. 883-890, 2006. [23] M. Alves, S. Nascimento, I. Pereira, M. Martins, V. Cardoso and M. Reis, "Biodiesel purification using micro and ultrafiltration membranes," Renewable Energy, vol. 58, pp. 15-20, 2013. [24] F. Gunstone, Vegetable Oils in Food Technology: Composition, Properties and Uses, 2 ed., Oxford, UK: Wiley-Blackwell, 2011. [25] I. Lôbo, S. Ferreira and R. Da Cruz, "Biodiesel: parâmetros de qualidade e métodos analíticos," Química Nova, vol. 32, no. 6, p. 1596–1608, 2009. [26] S. Marda, Thesis of Master: Production of biodiesel from tall oil, New York: State University of New York College of Environmental Science and Forestry, 2006. [27] G. Madras, C. Kolluru and R. Kumar, "Synthesis of biodiesel in supercritical fluids," Fuel, vol. 83, no. 14-15, pp. 2029-2033, 2004. [28] J. Maçaira, A. Santana, F. Recasens and M. A. Larrayoz, "Biodiesel production using supercritical methanol/carbon dioxide mixtures in a continuous reactor," Fuel, vol. 90, no. 6, pp. 2280- 2288, 2011. [29] P. Patidar and S. M. Mahajani, "Esterification of fusel oil using reactive distillation – Part I: Reaction kinetics," Chemical Engineering Journal, Vols. 207-208, pp. 377-387, 2012. [30] B. Zhang, Z. Zhong, J. Zhang and R. Ruan, "Catalytic fast copyrolysis of biomass and fusel alcohol to enhance aromatic hydrocarbon production over ZSM-5 catalyst in a fluidized bed reactor," Journal of Analytical and Applied Pyrolysis, vol. 133, no. , pp. 147-153, 2018.ORIGINALProduction and Characterization of Biodiesel from Cotton Oil as an Alternative Energy in Substitution of Soybean Oil.pdfProduction and Characterization of Biodiesel from Cotton Oil as an Alternative Energy in Substitution of Soybean Oil.pdfapplication/pdf964181https://repositorio.cuc.edu.co/bitstream/11323/2948/1/Production%20and%20Characterization%20of%20Biodiesel%20from%20Cotton%20Oil%20as%20an%20Alternative%20Energy%20in%20Substitution%20of%20Soybean%20Oil.pdfee23040baa326dc3fb903a825a165e8bMD51open accessLICENSElicense.txtlicense.txttext/plain; charset=utf-81748https://repositorio.cuc.edu.co/bitstream/11323/2948/2/license.txt8a4605be74aa9ea9d79846c1fba20a33MD52open accessTHUMBNAILProduction and Characterization of Biodiesel from Cotton Oil as an Alternative Energy in Substitution of Soybean Oil.pdf.jpgProduction and Characterization of Biodiesel from Cotton Oil as an Alternative Energy in Substitution of Soybean Oil.pdf.jpgimage/jpeg70340https://repositorio.cuc.edu.co/bitstream/11323/2948/4/Production%20and%20Characterization%20of%20Biodiesel%20from%20Cotton%20Oil%20as%20an%20Alternative%20Energy%20in%20Substitution%20of%20Soybean%20Oil.pdf.jpge2bbfd446f8650ae71a032c68270557bMD54open accessTEXTProduction and Characterization of Biodiesel from Cotton Oil as an Alternative Energy in Substitution of Soybean Oil.pdf.txtProduction and Characterization of Biodiesel from Cotton Oil as an Alternative Energy in Substitution of Soybean Oil.pdf.txttext/plain24402https://repositorio.cuc.edu.co/bitstream/11323/2948/5/Production%20and%20Characterization%20of%20Biodiesel%20from%20Cotton%20Oil%20as%20an%20Alternative%20Energy%20in%20Substitution%20of%20Soybean%20Oil.pdf.txt5ae41812ce255f8b2c1f820d33f03f09MD55open access11323/2948oai:repositorio.cuc.edu.co:11323/29482023-12-14 12:23:22.457open accessRepositorio Universidad de La Costabdigital@metabiblioteca.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

Publicaciones similares