Transphobia and gender identity: social representations of trans women from Brazil and Colombia

The present research aimed to identify and discuss the social representations of trans women related to gender identity and transphobia in Brazil and Colombia. In this study participated 43 Trans women, 22 from Brazil, aged between 18 and 55 years (M=29.09, SD=8.53) and 21 from Colombia, aged betwee...

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Autores:
Sánchez-Fuentes, María del Mar
Fernandes de Araújo, Ludgleydson
Sandra Milena, Parra-Barrera
Parra-Barrera, Sandra Milena
Sousa Fontes, Érika Rhayane
de Oliveira Santos, José Victor
Moyano, Nieves
Tipo de recurso:
Article of journal
Fecha de publicación:
2021
Institución:
Corporación Universidad de la Costa
Repositorio:
REDICUC - Repositorio CUC
Idioma:
eng
OAI Identifier:
oai:repositorio.cuc.edu.co:11323/9018
Acceso en línea:
https://hdl.handle.net/11323/9018
https://doi.org/10.1590/1413-812320212611.33642020
https://repositorio.cuc.edu.co/
Palabra clave:
Transphobia
Identity
Tran’s women
Social representations
Transfobia
Identidade
Mulheres Trans
Representações sociais
Rights
openAccess
License
CC0 1.0 Universal
id RCUC2_c67e00b8ef6f5679e802eaab3c257611
oai_identifier_str oai:repositorio.cuc.edu.co:11323/9018
network_acronym_str RCUC2
network_name_str REDICUC - Repositorio CUC
repository_id_str
dc.title.spa.fl_str_mv Transphobia and gender identity: social representations of trans women from Brazil and Colombia
dc.title.translated.spa.fl_str_mv Transfobia e identidade de gênero: representações sociais de mulheres trans do Brasil e Colômbia
title Transphobia and gender identity: social representations of trans women from Brazil and Colombia
spellingShingle Transphobia and gender identity: social representations of trans women from Brazil and Colombia
Transphobia
Identity
Tran’s women
Social representations
Transfobia
Identidade
Mulheres Trans
Representações sociais
title_short Transphobia and gender identity: social representations of trans women from Brazil and Colombia
title_full Transphobia and gender identity: social representations of trans women from Brazil and Colombia
title_fullStr Transphobia and gender identity: social representations of trans women from Brazil and Colombia
title_full_unstemmed Transphobia and gender identity: social representations of trans women from Brazil and Colombia
title_sort Transphobia and gender identity: social representations of trans women from Brazil and Colombia
dc.creator.fl_str_mv Sánchez-Fuentes, María del Mar
Fernandes de Araújo, Ludgleydson
Sandra Milena, Parra-Barrera
Parra-Barrera, Sandra Milena
Sousa Fontes, Érika Rhayane
de Oliveira Santos, José Victor
Moyano, Nieves
dc.contributor.author.spa.fl_str_mv Sánchez-Fuentes, María del Mar
Fernandes de Araújo, Ludgleydson
Sandra Milena, Parra-Barrera
Parra-Barrera, Sandra Milena
Sousa Fontes, Érika Rhayane
de Oliveira Santos, José Victor
Moyano, Nieves
dc.subject.spa.fl_str_mv Transphobia
Identity
Tran’s women
Social representations
Transfobia
Identidade
Mulheres Trans
Representações sociais
topic Transphobia
Identity
Tran’s women
Social representations
Transfobia
Identidade
Mulheres Trans
Representações sociais
description The present research aimed to identify and discuss the social representations of trans women related to gender identity and transphobia in Brazil and Colombia. In this study participated 43 Trans women, 22 from Brazil, aged between 18 and 55 years (M=29.09, SD=8.53) and 21 from Colombia, aged between 21 and 41 years (M=28.19, SD=7.63). This study adopted a qualitative approach in which semi-structured interviews were used. The data were analyzed by the Iramuteq software, which identified the social representations in classes. The results showed what the participants understood about transphobia and how they regarded their experiences with this gender identity. The participants presented negative social representations, aiming at their personal experiences related to their social context. Themes related to violence, discrimination, prejudice, denial of rights and family support emerged from both the Brazilian and Colombian sample. Implications for Tran´s quality of life are discussed.
publishDate 2021
dc.date.issued.none.fl_str_mv 2021
dc.date.accessioned.none.fl_str_mv 2022-01-28T21:20:03Z
dc.date.available.none.fl_str_mv 2022-01-28T21:20:03Z
dc.type.spa.fl_str_mv Artículo de revista
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dc.relation.references.spa.fl_str_mv 1. Cunha AM, Coêlho TF. Trans-subjetividade na blogosfera: uma abordagem sobre gênero e escrita de si. Passagens 2016; 6(2):165-183.
2. Lacerda M, Pereira C, Camino L. Um estudo sobre as formas de preconceito contra homossexuais na perspectiva das representações sociais. Psico Reflex Crit 2002; 15(1):165-178.
3. Silva BB, Santos ES. Apoio e suporte social na identidade social de travestis, transexuais e transgêneros. Rev SPAGESP 2014; 15(2):27-44.
4. Radkowsky M, Siegel LJ. The gay adolescent: stressors, adaptations, and psychosocial interventions. Clin Psychol Rev 1997; 17(2):191-216.
5. Melo TCL, Cavalcante ADC, Araújo CAR, Almeida Neto T, Ferreira LCO. Despatologização das identidades trans–a saída para uma sociedade mais igualitária. Cad Grad-Cien Hum Soc-Unit-Alagoas 2017; 3(3):69- 84.
6. Almeida GS. Reflexões iniciais sobre o processo transexualizador no SUS a partir de uma experiência de atendimento. In: Arila M, Lapa TS, Pisaneschi TC, organizadores. Transexualidade, travestilidade e direito à saúde. São Paulo: Oficina Editorial; 2010. p. 117-148.
7. Oliveira CP, Dal Rovere C, Oliveira DAS. Nome social: uma luta por direitos. Rev Thêma Scientia 2017; 6(2E):132-143.
8. Moscovici S. Representações Sociais – Investigações em psicologia social. Rio de Janeiro: Vozes; 2017.
9. Association of Transvestites and Transsexuals of Brazil. Report on murders and violence against transvestites and transsexuals in 2018. Brazil: ANTRA; 2019.
10. Oliveira PVP. Liberdade de gênero e sexualidade: o papel da educação na construção da identidade. Rev Communitas 2017; 1(1):233-246.
11. Colombia Diversa. Prejudice knows no borders. Lesbian, gay, bisexual, trans and intersex killings in Latin American and Caribbean countries 2014-2019 [Internet]. Colombia; 2019 [acessado 13 out 2018]. Disponível em: https://colombiadiversa.org/colombiadiversa2016/wpcontent/uploads/2019/08/Informe_Prejuicios_web.pdf.
12. Rocon PC, Rodrigues A, Zamboni J, Pedrini MD. Difficulties experienced by trans people in accessing the unified Health system. Cien Saude Colet 2016; 21(8):2517-2526.
13. Cardinali DC. Direitos LGBT e cortes constitucionais latino-americanas: uma análise da jurisprudência da Colômbia, Peru, Chile e Brasil. RFD UERJ 2017; 31:25-68.
14. Colombia Diversa. Live under suspicion [Internet]. Colombia; 2015 [acessado 13 out 2018]. Disponível em: http://www.colombiadiversa.org/conflictoarmado-lgbt/.
15. United Nations Development Programme. Chapter 2. Stigma, discrimination, violence & human rights. In: Implementing comprehensive HIV and STI programmes with transgender people. New York: UNDP; 2016.
16. Jovchelovitch S. Knowledge in Context: Representations, community and culture. London: Routledge; 2007.
17. Moscovici A. Social collectivities. In: Hulsen M. Essays in Honor of Elias Canetti. Londres: André Deutsch; 1987. p. 42-59.
18. Camargo BV, Justo AM. IRAMUTEQ: um software gratuito para análise de dados textuais. Temas Psicol 2013; 21(2):513-518.
19. Reisner SL, Poteat T, Keatley J, Cabral M, Mothopeng T, Dunham E, Holland CE, Max R, Baral SD. Global health burden and needs of transgender populations: A review. Lancet 2016; 388(10042):412-436.
20. Jesus JG. Transfobia crime de ódio: Assassinato de pessoas transgênero como genocidio. Hist Agora 2013; 16:101-123.
21. Souza H. Os desafíos do trabalho na vida cotidiana de mulheres transexuais [tese]. Campinas: PUC-Campinas; 2012.
22. Nascimento IRD, Neves ALMD, Rodrigues PF, Teixeira E. Social representations of masculinities in the short film “Aids, choose your form of prevention”. Cien Saude Colet 2020; 25(3):879-890.
23. Santos JVO, Carlos KPT, Araújo LF, Negreiros F. Compreendendo a velhice LGBT: uma revisão da literature. In: Araújo LF, Carvalho CMRG, organizadores. Envelhecimento e Práticas Gerontológicas. Curitiba, Teresina: Editora CRV/EDUFPI; 2017. p. 81-96.
24. Lasso RA. Transexualidad y servicios de salud utilizados para transitar por sexos-géneros. Rev CES Psicol 2014; 7(2):108-125.
25. Bento B. Nome social para pessoas trans: cidadania precária e gambiarra legal. Rev Sem Depart Progr PosGrad Sociol UFSCar 2014; 4(1):165-182.
26. Carvajal-Muñoz PM. El reconocimiento de derechos a la comunidad LGBTI. Jurídicas CUC 2013; 9(1):123- 141.
27. Jones BA, Brewin N, Richards C, Van Eijk M, Stephenson-Allen A, Arcelus J. Investigating the outcome of the initial assessment at a national transgender health service: Time to review the process? Int J Transgenderism 2017; 18(4):427-432.
28. Nemoto T, Sausa LA, Operario D, Keatley, J. Need for HIV/AIDS education and intervention for MTF transgenders: responding to the challenge. J Homosex 2006; 51(1):183-201.
29. Jefferson K, Neilands TB, Sevelius J. Transgender women of color: discrimination and depression symptoms. Ethn Inequal Health Soc Care 2013; 6(4):121.
30. Schmidt JG, Goulart BN, Dorfman ME, Kuhl G, Paniagua LM. Voice challenge in transgender women: trans women self-perception of voice handicap as compared to gender perception of naïve listeners. Rev CEFAC 2018; 20(1):79-86.
31. Dornelas R, Guedes-Granzotti R, Silva A, Batista de Jesus AK, da Silva, K. Quality of life and voice: the vocal self-perception of transgender people. Audiol Commun Res 2020; 25(e2196):1-5.
32. Benotsch EG, Zimmerman R, Cathers L, McNulty S, Pierce J, Heck T, Perrin PB, Snipes D. Non-medical use of prescription drugs, polysubstance use, and mental health in transgender adults. Drug Alcohol Depen 2013; 132(1-2):391-394.
33. Bockting WO, Miner MH, Swinburne RE, Hamilton A, Coleman E. Stigma, mental health, and resilience in an online sample of the US transgender population. Am J Public Health 2013; 103(5):943-951.
34. Budge SL, Adelson JL, Howard KA. Anxiety and depression in transgender individuals: the roles of transition status, loss, social support, and coping. J Consult Clin Psychol 2013; 81(3):545-557.
35. Clements-Nolle K, Marx R, Katz M. Attempted suicide among transgender persons: The influence of gender-based discrimination and victimization. J Homosexuality 2006; 51(3):53-69.
36. Haas AP, Eliason M, Mays VM, Mathy RM, Cochran SD, D’Augelli AR, Silverman MM, Fisher PW, Hughes T, Rosario M, Russell ST, Malley E, Reed J, Litts DA, Haller E, Sell RL, Remafedi G, Bradford J, Beautrais AL, Brown GK, Diamond GM, Friedman MS, Garofalo R, Turner MS, Hollibaugh A, Clayton PJ. Suicide and suicide risk in lesbian, gay, bisexual, and transgender populations: Review and recommendations. J Homosex 2011; 58(1):10-51.
37. Glynn TR, van den Berg JJ. A systematic review of interventions to reduce problematic substance use among transgender individuals: A call to action. Transgend Health 2017; 2(1):45-59.
38. Poteat T, Wirtz AL, Radix A, Borquez A, Silva-Santisteban A, Deutsch MB, Khan SI, Winter S, Operario D. HIV risk and preventive interventions in transgender women sex workers. Lancet 2015; 385(9964):274-286.
39. Warren JC, Smalley KB, Barefoot KN. Psychological well-being among transgender and gender queer individuals. Int J Transgenderism 2016; 17(3-4):114-123.
40. Calvillo C, Sánchez-Fuentes MM, Sierra JC. Revisión sistemática sobre la satisfacción sexual en parejas del mismo sexo. Rev Iberoam Psicol Salud 2018; 9(2):115-136.
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spelling Sánchez-Fuentes, María del MarFernandes de Araújo, LudgleydsonSandra Milena, Parra-BarreraParra-Barrera, Sandra MilenaSousa Fontes, Érika Rhayanede Oliveira Santos, José VictorMoyano, Nieves2022-01-28T21:20:03Z2022-01-28T21:20:03Z20211413-8123https://hdl.handle.net/11323/9018https://doi.org/10.1590/1413-812320212611.33642020Corporación Universidad de la CostaREDICUC - Repositorio CUChttps://repositorio.cuc.edu.co/The present research aimed to identify and discuss the social representations of trans women related to gender identity and transphobia in Brazil and Colombia. In this study participated 43 Trans women, 22 from Brazil, aged between 18 and 55 years (M=29.09, SD=8.53) and 21 from Colombia, aged between 21 and 41 years (M=28.19, SD=7.63). This study adopted a qualitative approach in which semi-structured interviews were used. The data were analyzed by the Iramuteq software, which identified the social representations in classes. The results showed what the participants understood about transphobia and how they regarded their experiences with this gender identity. The participants presented negative social representations, aiming at their personal experiences related to their social context. Themes related to violence, discrimination, prejudice, denial of rights and family support emerged from both the Brazilian and Colombian sample. Implications for Tran´s quality of life are discussed.A presente pesquisa teve como objetivo identificar e discutir as representações sociais de mulheres trans relacionadas à identidade de gênero e transfobia no Brasil e na Colômbia. Neste estudo participaram 43 mulheres trans, 22 do Brasil, com idade entre 18 e 55 anos (M=29,09, DP=8,53) e 21 da Colômbia, com idade entre 21 e 41 anos (M=28,19, DP=7,63). Este estudo adotou uma abordagem qualitativa na qual foram utilizadas entrevistas semiestruturadas. Os dados foram analisados pelo software Iramuteq, que identificou as representações sociais. Os resultados mostraram o que os participantes entenderam sobre transfobia e como eles encararam suas experiências com essa identidade de gênero. Os participantes apresentaram representações sociais negativas, visando suas experiências pessoais relacionadas ao seu contexto social. Temas relacionados à violência, discriminação, preconceito, negação de direitos e apoio familiar emergiram da amostra brasileira e colombiana. Espera-se que este estudo possa contribuir para compreensão deste fenômeno biopsicossocial.Sánchez-Fuentes, María del Mar-will be generated-orcid-0000-0003-3657-4981-600Fernandes de Araújo, LudgleydsonSandra Milena, Parra-BarreraParra-Barrera, Sandra MilenaSousa Fontes, Érika Rhayanede Oliveira Santos, José Victor-will be generated-orcid-0000-0002-9811-641X-600Moyano, Nieves-will be generated-orcid-0000-0002-5416-9464-600application/pdfengCorporación Universidad de la CostaCC0 1.0 Universalhttp://creativecommons.org/publicdomain/zero/1.0/info:eu-repo/semantics/openAccesshttp://purl.org/coar/access_right/c_abf2Ciencia e Saude Coletivahttps://www.scielo.br/j/csc/a/gqNtGDYmKVBJpMkpmGCM6PF/abstract/?lang=en#TransphobiaIdentityTran’s womenSocial representationsTransfobiaIdentidadeMulheres TransRepresentações sociaisTransphobia and gender identity: social representations of trans women from Brazil and ColombiaTransfobia e identidade de gênero: representações sociais de mulheres trans do Brasil e ColômbiaArtículo de revistahttp://purl.org/coar/resource_type/c_6501http://purl.org/coar/resource_type/c_2df8fbb1Textinfo:eu-repo/semantics/articlehttp://purl.org/redcol/resource_type/ARTinfo:eu-repo/semantics/acceptedVersion1. Cunha AM, Coêlho TF. Trans-subjetividade na blogosfera: uma abordagem sobre gênero e escrita de si. Passagens 2016; 6(2):165-183.2. Lacerda M, Pereira C, Camino L. Um estudo sobre as formas de preconceito contra homossexuais na perspectiva das representações sociais. Psico Reflex Crit 2002; 15(1):165-178.3. Silva BB, Santos ES. Apoio e suporte social na identidade social de travestis, transexuais e transgêneros. Rev SPAGESP 2014; 15(2):27-44.4. Radkowsky M, Siegel LJ. The gay adolescent: stressors, adaptations, and psychosocial interventions. Clin Psychol Rev 1997; 17(2):191-216.5. Melo TCL, Cavalcante ADC, Araújo CAR, Almeida Neto T, Ferreira LCO. Despatologização das identidades trans–a saída para uma sociedade mais igualitária. Cad Grad-Cien Hum Soc-Unit-Alagoas 2017; 3(3):69- 84.6. Almeida GS. Reflexões iniciais sobre o processo transexualizador no SUS a partir de uma experiência de atendimento. In: Arila M, Lapa TS, Pisaneschi TC, organizadores. Transexualidade, travestilidade e direito à saúde. São Paulo: Oficina Editorial; 2010. p. 117-148.7. Oliveira CP, Dal Rovere C, Oliveira DAS. Nome social: uma luta por direitos. Rev Thêma Scientia 2017; 6(2E):132-143.8. Moscovici S. Representações Sociais – Investigações em psicologia social. Rio de Janeiro: Vozes; 2017.9. Association of Transvestites and Transsexuals of Brazil. Report on murders and violence against transvestites and transsexuals in 2018. Brazil: ANTRA; 2019.10. Oliveira PVP. Liberdade de gênero e sexualidade: o papel da educação na construção da identidade. Rev Communitas 2017; 1(1):233-246.11. Colombia Diversa. Prejudice knows no borders. Lesbian, gay, bisexual, trans and intersex killings in Latin American and Caribbean countries 2014-2019 [Internet]. Colombia; 2019 [acessado 13 out 2018]. Disponível em: https://colombiadiversa.org/colombiadiversa2016/wpcontent/uploads/2019/08/Informe_Prejuicios_web.pdf.12. Rocon PC, Rodrigues A, Zamboni J, Pedrini MD. Difficulties experienced by trans people in accessing the unified Health system. Cien Saude Colet 2016; 21(8):2517-2526.13. Cardinali DC. Direitos LGBT e cortes constitucionais latino-americanas: uma análise da jurisprudência da Colômbia, Peru, Chile e Brasil. RFD UERJ 2017; 31:25-68.14. Colombia Diversa. Live under suspicion [Internet]. Colombia; 2015 [acessado 13 out 2018]. Disponível em: http://www.colombiadiversa.org/conflictoarmado-lgbt/.15. United Nations Development Programme. Chapter 2. Stigma, discrimination, violence & human rights. In: Implementing comprehensive HIV and STI programmes with transgender people. New York: UNDP; 2016.16. Jovchelovitch S. Knowledge in Context: Representations, community and culture. London: Routledge; 2007.17. Moscovici A. Social collectivities. In: Hulsen M. Essays in Honor of Elias Canetti. Londres: André Deutsch; 1987. p. 42-59.18. Camargo BV, Justo AM. IRAMUTEQ: um software gratuito para análise de dados textuais. Temas Psicol 2013; 21(2):513-518.19. Reisner SL, Poteat T, Keatley J, Cabral M, Mothopeng T, Dunham E, Holland CE, Max R, Baral SD. Global health burden and needs of transgender populations: A review. Lancet 2016; 388(10042):412-436.20. Jesus JG. Transfobia crime de ódio: Assassinato de pessoas transgênero como genocidio. Hist Agora 2013; 16:101-123.21. Souza H. Os desafíos do trabalho na vida cotidiana de mulheres transexuais [tese]. Campinas: PUC-Campinas; 2012.22. Nascimento IRD, Neves ALMD, Rodrigues PF, Teixeira E. Social representations of masculinities in the short film “Aids, choose your form of prevention”. Cien Saude Colet 2020; 25(3):879-890.23. Santos JVO, Carlos KPT, Araújo LF, Negreiros F. Compreendendo a velhice LGBT: uma revisão da literature. In: Araújo LF, Carvalho CMRG, organizadores. Envelhecimento e Práticas Gerontológicas. Curitiba, Teresina: Editora CRV/EDUFPI; 2017. p. 81-96.24. Lasso RA. Transexualidad y servicios de salud utilizados para transitar por sexos-géneros. Rev CES Psicol 2014; 7(2):108-125.25. Bento B. Nome social para pessoas trans: cidadania precária e gambiarra legal. Rev Sem Depart Progr PosGrad Sociol UFSCar 2014; 4(1):165-182.26. Carvajal-Muñoz PM. El reconocimiento de derechos a la comunidad LGBTI. Jurídicas CUC 2013; 9(1):123- 141.27. Jones BA, Brewin N, Richards C, Van Eijk M, Stephenson-Allen A, Arcelus J. Investigating the outcome of the initial assessment at a national transgender health service: Time to review the process? Int J Transgenderism 2017; 18(4):427-432.28. Nemoto T, Sausa LA, Operario D, Keatley, J. Need for HIV/AIDS education and intervention for MTF transgenders: responding to the challenge. J Homosex 2006; 51(1):183-201.29. Jefferson K, Neilands TB, Sevelius J. Transgender women of color: discrimination and depression symptoms. Ethn Inequal Health Soc Care 2013; 6(4):121.30. Schmidt JG, Goulart BN, Dorfman ME, Kuhl G, Paniagua LM. Voice challenge in transgender women: trans women self-perception of voice handicap as compared to gender perception of naïve listeners. Rev CEFAC 2018; 20(1):79-86.31. Dornelas R, Guedes-Granzotti R, Silva A, Batista de Jesus AK, da Silva, K. Quality of life and voice: the vocal self-perception of transgender people. Audiol Commun Res 2020; 25(e2196):1-5.32. Benotsch EG, Zimmerman R, Cathers L, McNulty S, Pierce J, Heck T, Perrin PB, Snipes D. Non-medical use of prescription drugs, polysubstance use, and mental health in transgender adults. Drug Alcohol Depen 2013; 132(1-2):391-394.33. Bockting WO, Miner MH, Swinburne RE, Hamilton A, Coleman E. Stigma, mental health, and resilience in an online sample of the US transgender population. Am J Public Health 2013; 103(5):943-951.34. Budge SL, Adelson JL, Howard KA. Anxiety and depression in transgender individuals: the roles of transition status, loss, social support, and coping. J Consult Clin Psychol 2013; 81(3):545-557.35. Clements-Nolle K, Marx R, Katz M. Attempted suicide among transgender persons: The influence of gender-based discrimination and victimization. J Homosexuality 2006; 51(3):53-69.36. Haas AP, Eliason M, Mays VM, Mathy RM, Cochran SD, D’Augelli AR, Silverman MM, Fisher PW, Hughes T, Rosario M, Russell ST, Malley E, Reed J, Litts DA, Haller E, Sell RL, Remafedi G, Bradford J, Beautrais AL, Brown GK, Diamond GM, Friedman MS, Garofalo R, Turner MS, Hollibaugh A, Clayton PJ. Suicide and suicide risk in lesbian, gay, bisexual, and transgender populations: Review and recommendations. J Homosex 2011; 58(1):10-51.37. Glynn TR, van den Berg JJ. A systematic review of interventions to reduce problematic substance use among transgender individuals: A call to action. Transgend Health 2017; 2(1):45-59.38. Poteat T, Wirtz AL, Radix A, Borquez A, Silva-Santisteban A, Deutsch MB, Khan SI, Winter S, Operario D. HIV risk and preventive interventions in transgender women sex workers. 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