Role-playing game as a computer-based test to assess the resolution of conflicts in childhood

This paper presents the results from developing an online role-playing game based on simulated situations for assessing the resolutions of conflicts in childhood. We compare the answers provided by two groups of children who answered the computer game test and the board game version with the presenc...

Full description

Autores:
Martínez-González, Marina Begoña
Robles Haydar, Claudia A.
Amar Amar, José Juan
Jabba Molinares, Daladier
Pimentel Ariza, Jairo G.
Abello-Llanos, Raimundo
Tipo de recurso:
Article of journal
Fecha de publicación:
2019
Institución:
Corporación Universidad de la Costa
Repositorio:
REDICUC - Repositorio CUC
Idioma:
eng
OAI Identifier:
oai:repositorio.cuc.edu.co:11323/6074
Acceso en línea:
https://hdl.handle.net/11323/6074
https://repositorio.cuc.edu.co/
Palabra clave:
Childhood
Computer-Based Test
Conflict resolution
Psychology
Simulation games
Infancia
Prueba basada en computadora
Resolución de conflictos
Psicología
Juegos de simulación
Rights
openAccess
License
CC0 1.0 Universal
id RCUC2_be2b0ea89ec94834c108b63350abf425
oai_identifier_str oai:repositorio.cuc.edu.co:11323/6074
network_acronym_str RCUC2
network_name_str REDICUC - Repositorio CUC
repository_id_str
dc.title.spa.fl_str_mv Role-playing game as a computer-based test to assess the resolution of conflicts in childhood
dc.title.translated.spa.fl_str_mv Juego de rol como test informatizado para evaluar la resolución de conflictos en la infancia
Jogo de rol como teste informatizado para avaliar a resolução de conflitos na infância
title Role-playing game as a computer-based test to assess the resolution of conflicts in childhood
spellingShingle Role-playing game as a computer-based test to assess the resolution of conflicts in childhood
Childhood
Computer-Based Test
Conflict resolution
Psychology
Simulation games
Infancia
Prueba basada en computadora
Resolución de conflictos
Psicología
Juegos de simulación
title_short Role-playing game as a computer-based test to assess the resolution of conflicts in childhood
title_full Role-playing game as a computer-based test to assess the resolution of conflicts in childhood
title_fullStr Role-playing game as a computer-based test to assess the resolution of conflicts in childhood
title_full_unstemmed Role-playing game as a computer-based test to assess the resolution of conflicts in childhood
title_sort Role-playing game as a computer-based test to assess the resolution of conflicts in childhood
dc.creator.fl_str_mv Martínez-González, Marina Begoña
Robles Haydar, Claudia A.
Amar Amar, José Juan
Jabba Molinares, Daladier
Pimentel Ariza, Jairo G.
Abello-Llanos, Raimundo
dc.contributor.author.spa.fl_str_mv Martínez-González, Marina Begoña
Robles Haydar, Claudia A.
Amar Amar, José Juan
Jabba Molinares, Daladier
Pimentel Ariza, Jairo G.
Abello-Llanos, Raimundo
dc.subject.spa.fl_str_mv Childhood
Computer-Based Test
Conflict resolution
Psychology
Simulation games
Infancia
Prueba basada en computadora
Resolución de conflictos
Psicología
Juegos de simulación
topic Childhood
Computer-Based Test
Conflict resolution
Psychology
Simulation games
Infancia
Prueba basada en computadora
Resolución de conflictos
Psicología
Juegos de simulación
description This paper presents the results from developing an online role-playing game based on simulated situations for assessing the resolutions of conflicts in childhood. We compare the answers provided by two groups of children who answered the computer game test and the board game version with the presence of an interviewer. The results indicate that children who answered the computer-based test were more inclined to attack, than those who answered the board game version. As a conclusion, we can state that the decisions children made in the different situations varied according to a greater or lesser expectation of social sanction when answering the questions. In this way, the use of computer-based tests and simulated situations may help to study spontaneous responses that reflect everyday behavior
publishDate 2019
dc.date.issued.none.fl_str_mv 2019
dc.date.accessioned.none.fl_str_mv 2020-03-03T22:49:18Z
dc.date.available.none.fl_str_mv 2020-03-03T22:49:18Z
dc.type.spa.fl_str_mv Artículo de revista
dc.type.coar.fl_str_mv http://purl.org/coar/resource_type/c_2df8fbb1
dc.type.coar.spa.fl_str_mv http://purl.org/coar/resource_type/c_6501
dc.type.content.spa.fl_str_mv Text
dc.type.driver.spa.fl_str_mv info:eu-repo/semantics/article
dc.type.redcol.spa.fl_str_mv http://purl.org/redcol/resource_type/ART
dc.type.version.spa.fl_str_mv info:eu-repo/semantics/acceptedVersion
format http://purl.org/coar/resource_type/c_6501
status_str acceptedVersion
dc.identifier.issn.spa.fl_str_mv 0378-1844
dc.identifier.uri.spa.fl_str_mv https://hdl.handle.net/11323/6074
dc.identifier.instname.spa.fl_str_mv Corporación Universidad de la Costa
dc.identifier.reponame.spa.fl_str_mv REDICUC - Repositorio CUC
dc.identifier.repourl.spa.fl_str_mv https://repositorio.cuc.edu.co/
identifier_str_mv 0378-1844
Corporación Universidad de la Costa
REDICUC - Repositorio CUC
url https://hdl.handle.net/11323/6074
https://repositorio.cuc.edu.co/
dc.language.iso.none.fl_str_mv eng
language eng
dc.relation.references.spa.fl_str_mv Ayllón-Alonso E (2009) Transmisión de la Legitimación de la Violencia de Padres a Hijos. Thesis. Universidad Complutense de Madrid. Spain. 455 pp.
Ball-Rokeach SJ (1972) The legitimation of violence. In Short JFJr, Wolfgang ME (Eds.) Collective Violence. Aldine Atherton. Chicago, IL, USA. pp. 100-111.
Barreto MI, Borja H, Serrano Y, López-López W (2009) La legitimación como proceso en la violencia política, medios de comunicación y construcción de culturas de paz. Univ. Psychol. 8: 737-748. Bartram D (2006) Testing on the internet: issues, challenges and opportunities in the field of occupational assessment. In Bartram D, Hambleton R (Eds.) Computer-Based Testing and the Internet: Issues and Advances. Wiley. Chichester, UK. pp. 13-37.
DeBoer GE, Quellmalz E, Davenport LJ, Timms MJ, Herrmann-Abell CF (2014) Comparing three online testing modalities: Using static, active, and interactive online testing modalities to assess middle school students' understanding of fundamental ideas and use of inquiry skills related to ecosystems. J. Res. Sci. Teach. 51: 523-554.
Deshpande A, Huang S (2011) Simulation games in engineering education: A stateof-the-art review. Comput. Applic. Eng. Educ. 19: 399-410.
ESRB (2017) Guía de Clasificaciones de la ESRB. Entertainment Software Rating Board http://www.esrb.org/ratings/ratings_guide_sp.jsp
Fernández-Villanueva I (2009) Justificación y Legitimación de la Violencia en la Infancia: Un Estudio sobre la Legitimación Social de las Agresiones en los Conflictos Cotidianos entre Menores. Thesis. Universidad Complutense de Madrid. Spain. XXX pp.
Galdames S, Arón AM (2007) Construcción de una Escala Para Medir Creencias Legitimadoras de Violencia en la Población Infantil. Psykhe 16: 15-25.
Galtung J (1990) Cultural violence. J. Peace Res. 27: 291-305.
Garris R, Ahlers R, Driskell JE (2002) Games, motivation, and learning: A research and practice model. Simulat. Gaming 33: 441-467.
ITC (2006) International guidelines on computer-based and internetdelivered testing. International Test Commission. Int. J. Testing 6: 143-171.
Islas C, Leendertz V, Vinni M, Sutinen E, Ellis S (2013) Hypercontextualized learning games fantasy, motivation, and engagement in reality. Simulat. Gaming 44: 821-845.
Lord FM (1968) Some test theory for tailored testing. ETS Res. Bull. Ser. 1968(2): 1-62.
Luque LE, Ávila RE (2008) Tecnofobia: trastorno clínico asociado a las tecnologías digitales. Vertex, Rev. Arg. Psiquiatr. 19(80): 179-185.
Luque LE, González MC (2011) Estudio comparativo entre versiones tradicional e informatizada de un test psicométrico. III Congr. Int. de Investigación y Práctica Profesional en Psicología - XVIII Jornadas de Investigación - Séptimo Encuentro de Investigadores en Psicología del MERCOSUR. Universidad de Buenos Aires. Argentina. pp. 57-59.
Martínez-González MB, RoblesHaydar CA, Amar-Amar JJ, Crespo-Romero FA (2016) Crianza y desconexión moral en infantes: Su relación en una comunidad vulnerable de Barranquilla. Rev. Latinoamer. Cs. Soc. Niñez Juvent. 14: 315-330.
Olea J, Abad FJ, Barrada JR (2010) Tests informatizados y otros nuevos tipos de tests. Papeles Psicól. 31: 94-107.
PEGI (2017) Información sobre PEGI. ¿Cuál es el significado de las marcas? Pan European Game Information. http://www. pegi.info/es/index/id/96/ Pedraza-Caballero LE, ValbuenaDuarte S (2014) Plataforma móvil con realidad aumentada para la enseñanza de los cálculos [Mobile Platform with Augmented Reality for the Teaching of Calculus]. Ventana Informática 30: 205-216.
Peixoto DC, Possa RM, Resende RF, Padua, CI (2011) An overview of the main design characteristics of simulation games in Software Engineering education. 24th IEEE-CS Conf. on Software Engineering Education and Training (CSEEyT). IEEE. pp. 101-110).
Shaffer DW, Squire KR, Halverson R, Gee JP (2005) Video games and the future of learning. Phi Delta Kapp. 87: 104-111.
Traclet A, Moret O, Ohl F, Clémence A (2015) Moral disengagement in the legitimation and realization of aggressive behavior in soccer and ice hockey. Aggress. Behav. 41: 123-133.
Wainer H, Dorans NJ, Eignor D, Flaugher R, Green BF, Mislevy RJ (2000) Computerized Adaptive Testing: A Primer. Routledge. New York, USA. 360 pp.
Weiss DJ, Kingsbury GG (1984) Application of computerized adaptive testing to educational problems. J. Educ. Meas. 21: 361-375.
Zamora-Musa R, Velez J, PaezLogreira H, Coba J, Cano-Cano C, Martinez-Palmera O (2017) Implementación de un recurso educativo abierto a través del modelo del diseño universal para el aprendizaje teniendo en cuenta evaluación de competencias y las necesidades especiales de los estudiantes. Espacios 38(05).
dc.rights.spa.fl_str_mv CC0 1.0 Universal
dc.rights.uri.spa.fl_str_mv http://creativecommons.org/publicdomain/zero/1.0/
dc.rights.accessrights.spa.fl_str_mv info:eu-repo/semantics/openAccess
dc.rights.coar.spa.fl_str_mv http://purl.org/coar/access_right/c_abf2
rights_invalid_str_mv CC0 1.0 Universal
http://creativecommons.org/publicdomain/zero/1.0/
http://purl.org/coar/access_right/c_abf2
eu_rights_str_mv openAccess
dc.publisher.spa.fl_str_mv Interciencia
institution Corporación Universidad de la Costa
bitstream.url.fl_str_mv https://repositorio.cuc.edu.co/bitstreams/b73d4d75-d030-4f36-a37a-40d7a68e1bc5/download
https://repositorio.cuc.edu.co/bitstreams/e98a401f-38c1-4f07-970b-51351e3cd259/download
https://repositorio.cuc.edu.co/bitstreams/c2c2e13e-fe3f-4986-b45c-6edf37ed0c9f/download
https://repositorio.cuc.edu.co/bitstreams/5031d70f-87a9-4ded-bff5-118534801286/download
https://repositorio.cuc.edu.co/bitstreams/f5311f9a-36bd-401e-905d-b5a51b4bc326/download
bitstream.checksum.fl_str_mv c786e421e4e33a25cbaaafc83cefa23e
42fd4ad1e89814f5e4a476b409eb708c
8a4605be74aa9ea9d79846c1fba20a33
aa0c99d220708220957585df58d655bb
3f125ea9561dab61e83c72fb679bb95a
bitstream.checksumAlgorithm.fl_str_mv MD5
MD5
MD5
MD5
MD5
repository.name.fl_str_mv Repositorio de la Universidad de la Costa CUC
repository.mail.fl_str_mv repdigital@cuc.edu.co
_version_ 1811760852874821632
spelling Martínez-González, Marina BegoñaRobles Haydar, Claudia A.Amar Amar, José JuanJabba Molinares, DaladierPimentel Ariza, Jairo G.Abello-Llanos, Raimundo2020-03-03T22:49:18Z2020-03-03T22:49:18Z20190378-1844https://hdl.handle.net/11323/6074Corporación Universidad de la CostaREDICUC - Repositorio CUChttps://repositorio.cuc.edu.co/This paper presents the results from developing an online role-playing game based on simulated situations for assessing the resolutions of conflicts in childhood. We compare the answers provided by two groups of children who answered the computer game test and the board game version with the presence of an interviewer. The results indicate that children who answered the computer-based test were more inclined to attack, than those who answered the board game version. As a conclusion, we can state that the decisions children made in the different situations varied according to a greater or lesser expectation of social sanction when answering the questions. In this way, the use of computer-based tests and simulated situations may help to study spontaneous responses that reflect everyday behaviorSe presentan los resultados del desarrollo de un videojuego online como test informatizado basado en situaciones simuladas para acceder a la resolución de conflictos en la infancia. Comparamos las respuestas dadas por dos grupos de niños quienes respondieron la versión del juego de computador y la versión del juego de mesa con presencia de un entrevistador. Como conclusión se pudo establecer que las decisiones que los niños toman en las distintas situaciones varían de acuerdo a una mayor o menor expectativa de sanción social al responder las preguntas. En este sentido, el uso de test informatizados y la simulación de situaciones podría ayudar a estudiar respuestas más espontáneas que reflejen comportamientos cotidianosEste trabalho apresenta os resultados do desenvolvimento de um videogame online como uma prova computadorizada baseado em situações simuladas para acessar a resolução de conflitos na infância. Comparamos as respostas dadas por dois grupos de crianças que responderam à versão do jogo de computador e à versão do jogo de tabuleiro com a presença de um entrevistador. Como conclusão, foi estabelecido que as decisões que as crianças fazem em diferentes situações variam de acordo com uma maior ou menor expectativa de sanção social ao responder as perguntas. Nesse sentido, o uso de testes computadorizados e a simulação de situações podem ajudar a estudar respostas mais espontâneas que refletem os comportamentos diários das crianças.Martínez-González, Marina Begoña-will be generated-orcid-0000-0002-5840-6383-600Robles Haydar, Claudia A.Amar Amar, José Juan-will be generated-orcid-0000-0002-9885-8480-600Jabba Molinares, Daladier-will be generated-orcid-0000-0001-5876-2559-600Pimentel Ariza, Jairo G.Abello-Llanos, Raimundo-will be generated-orcid-0000-0002-5780-2798-600engIntercienciaCC0 1.0 Universalhttp://creativecommons.org/publicdomain/zero/1.0/info:eu-repo/semantics/openAccesshttp://purl.org/coar/access_right/c_abf2ChildhoodComputer-Based TestConflict resolutionPsychologySimulation gamesInfanciaPrueba basada en computadoraResolución de conflictosPsicologíaJuegos de simulaciónRole-playing game as a computer-based test to assess the resolution of conflicts in childhoodJuego de rol como test informatizado para evaluar la resolución de conflictos en la infanciaJogo de rol como teste informatizado para avaliar a resolução de conflitos na infânciaArtículo de revistahttp://purl.org/coar/resource_type/c_6501http://purl.org/coar/resource_type/c_2df8fbb1Textinfo:eu-repo/semantics/articlehttp://purl.org/redcol/resource_type/ARTinfo:eu-repo/semantics/acceptedVersionAyllón-Alonso E (2009) Transmisión de la Legitimación de la Violencia de Padres a Hijos. Thesis. Universidad Complutense de Madrid. Spain. 455 pp.Ball-Rokeach SJ (1972) The legitimation of violence. In Short JFJr, Wolfgang ME (Eds.) Collective Violence. Aldine Atherton. Chicago, IL, USA. pp. 100-111.Barreto MI, Borja H, Serrano Y, López-López W (2009) La legitimación como proceso en la violencia política, medios de comunicación y construcción de culturas de paz. Univ. Psychol. 8: 737-748. Bartram D (2006) Testing on the internet: issues, challenges and opportunities in the field of occupational assessment. In Bartram D, Hambleton R (Eds.) Computer-Based Testing and the Internet: Issues and Advances. Wiley. Chichester, UK. pp. 13-37.DeBoer GE, Quellmalz E, Davenport LJ, Timms MJ, Herrmann-Abell CF (2014) Comparing three online testing modalities: Using static, active, and interactive online testing modalities to assess middle school students' understanding of fundamental ideas and use of inquiry skills related to ecosystems. J. Res. Sci. Teach. 51: 523-554.Deshpande A, Huang S (2011) Simulation games in engineering education: A stateof-the-art review. Comput. Applic. Eng. Educ. 19: 399-410.ESRB (2017) Guía de Clasificaciones de la ESRB. Entertainment Software Rating Board http://www.esrb.org/ratings/ratings_guide_sp.jspFernández-Villanueva I (2009) Justificación y Legitimación de la Violencia en la Infancia: Un Estudio sobre la Legitimación Social de las Agresiones en los Conflictos Cotidianos entre Menores. Thesis. Universidad Complutense de Madrid. Spain. XXX pp.Galdames S, Arón AM (2007) Construcción de una Escala Para Medir Creencias Legitimadoras de Violencia en la Población Infantil. Psykhe 16: 15-25.Galtung J (1990) Cultural violence. J. Peace Res. 27: 291-305.Garris R, Ahlers R, Driskell JE (2002) Games, motivation, and learning: A research and practice model. Simulat. Gaming 33: 441-467.ITC (2006) International guidelines on computer-based and internetdelivered testing. International Test Commission. Int. J. Testing 6: 143-171.Islas C, Leendertz V, Vinni M, Sutinen E, Ellis S (2013) Hypercontextualized learning games fantasy, motivation, and engagement in reality. Simulat. Gaming 44: 821-845.Lord FM (1968) Some test theory for tailored testing. ETS Res. Bull. Ser. 1968(2): 1-62.Luque LE, Ávila RE (2008) Tecnofobia: trastorno clínico asociado a las tecnologías digitales. Vertex, Rev. Arg. Psiquiatr. 19(80): 179-185.Luque LE, González MC (2011) Estudio comparativo entre versiones tradicional e informatizada de un test psicométrico. III Congr. Int. de Investigación y Práctica Profesional en Psicología - XVIII Jornadas de Investigación - Séptimo Encuentro de Investigadores en Psicología del MERCOSUR. Universidad de Buenos Aires. Argentina. pp. 57-59.Martínez-González MB, RoblesHaydar CA, Amar-Amar JJ, Crespo-Romero FA (2016) Crianza y desconexión moral en infantes: Su relación en una comunidad vulnerable de Barranquilla. Rev. Latinoamer. Cs. Soc. Niñez Juvent. 14: 315-330.Olea J, Abad FJ, Barrada JR (2010) Tests informatizados y otros nuevos tipos de tests. Papeles Psicól. 31: 94-107.PEGI (2017) Información sobre PEGI. ¿Cuál es el significado de las marcas? Pan European Game Information. http://www. pegi.info/es/index/id/96/ Pedraza-Caballero LE, ValbuenaDuarte S (2014) Plataforma móvil con realidad aumentada para la enseñanza de los cálculos [Mobile Platform with Augmented Reality for the Teaching of Calculus]. Ventana Informática 30: 205-216.Peixoto DC, Possa RM, Resende RF, Padua, CI (2011) An overview of the main design characteristics of simulation games in Software Engineering education. 24th IEEE-CS Conf. on Software Engineering Education and Training (CSEEyT). IEEE. pp. 101-110).Shaffer DW, Squire KR, Halverson R, Gee JP (2005) Video games and the future of learning. Phi Delta Kapp. 87: 104-111.Traclet A, Moret O, Ohl F, Clémence A (2015) Moral disengagement in the legitimation and realization of aggressive behavior in soccer and ice hockey. Aggress. Behav. 41: 123-133.Wainer H, Dorans NJ, Eignor D, Flaugher R, Green BF, Mislevy RJ (2000) Computerized Adaptive Testing: A Primer. Routledge. New York, USA. 360 pp.Weiss DJ, Kingsbury GG (1984) Application of computerized adaptive testing to educational problems. J. Educ. Meas. 21: 361-375.Zamora-Musa R, Velez J, PaezLogreira H, Coba J, Cano-Cano C, Martinez-Palmera O (2017) Implementación de un recurso educativo abierto a través del modelo del diseño universal para el aprendizaje teniendo en cuenta evaluación de competencias y las necesidades especiales de los estudiantes. Espacios 38(05).PublicationORIGINALRole-playing game as a computer-based test to assess the resolution of conflicts in childhood.pdfRole-playing game as a computer-based test to assess the resolution of conflicts in childhood.pdfapplication/pdf476534https://repositorio.cuc.edu.co/bitstreams/b73d4d75-d030-4f36-a37a-40d7a68e1bc5/downloadc786e421e4e33a25cbaaafc83cefa23eMD51CC-LICENSElicense_rdflicense_rdfapplication/rdf+xml; charset=utf-8701https://repositorio.cuc.edu.co/bitstreams/e98a401f-38c1-4f07-970b-51351e3cd259/download42fd4ad1e89814f5e4a476b409eb708cMD52LICENSElicense.txtlicense.txttext/plain; charset=utf-81748https://repositorio.cuc.edu.co/bitstreams/c2c2e13e-fe3f-4986-b45c-6edf37ed0c9f/download8a4605be74aa9ea9d79846c1fba20a33MD53THUMBNAILRole-playing game as a computer-based test to assess the resolution of conflicts in childhood.pdf.jpgRole-playing game as a computer-based test to assess the resolution of conflicts in childhood.pdf.jpgimage/jpeg73485https://repositorio.cuc.edu.co/bitstreams/5031d70f-87a9-4ded-bff5-118534801286/downloadaa0c99d220708220957585df58d655bbMD54TEXTRole-playing game as a computer-based test to assess the resolution of conflicts in childhood.pdf.txtRole-playing game as a computer-based test to assess the resolution of conflicts in childhood.pdf.txttext/plain37991https://repositorio.cuc.edu.co/bitstreams/f5311f9a-36bd-401e-905d-b5a51b4bc326/download3f125ea9561dab61e83c72fb679bb95aMD5511323/6074oai:repositorio.cuc.edu.co:11323/60742024-09-17 14:11:28.179http://creativecommons.org/publicdomain/zero/1.0/CC0 1.0 Universalopen.accesshttps://repositorio.cuc.edu.coRepositorio de la Universidad de la Costa CUCrepdigital@cuc.edu.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