Good practices and trendsin reverse logistics in the plastic products manufacturing industry

The management of solid waste and its impact on the environment has been a subject of study and revision in different aspects, from mathematical modeling to control, with the aim of proposing different alternatives that contribute to diminishing the adverse effects in the environment. In this regard...

Full description

Autores:
Jimenez Delgado, Genett Isabel
Santos, Gilberto
Félix, María
Hernández, Hugo
Rondón, Carlos
Tipo de recurso:
Article of journal
Fecha de publicación:
2019
Institución:
Corporación Universidad de la Costa
Repositorio:
REDICUC - Repositorio CUC
Idioma:
eng
OAI Identifier:
oai:repositorio.cuc.edu.co:11323/6159
Acceso en línea:
https://hdl.handle.net/11323/6159
https://doi.org/10.1016/j.promfg.2019.09.021
https://repositorio.cuc.edu.co/
Palabra clave:
Reverse logistics
Good practices evaluation
Social responsibility
Plastic industry
Multicriteria Decision Making
MCMD
Analytical Hierarchy Process
AHP
Rights
openAccess
License
CC0 1.0 Universal
id RCUC2_b8013b30a2ae7aa412a68b1a4f8dfe06
oai_identifier_str oai:repositorio.cuc.edu.co:11323/6159
network_acronym_str RCUC2
network_name_str REDICUC - Repositorio CUC
repository_id_str
dc.title.spa.fl_str_mv Good practices and trendsin reverse logistics in the plastic products manufacturing industry
title Good practices and trendsin reverse logistics in the plastic products manufacturing industry
spellingShingle Good practices and trendsin reverse logistics in the plastic products manufacturing industry
Reverse logistics
Good practices evaluation
Social responsibility
Plastic industry
Multicriteria Decision Making
MCMD
Analytical Hierarchy Process
AHP
title_short Good practices and trendsin reverse logistics in the plastic products manufacturing industry
title_full Good practices and trendsin reverse logistics in the plastic products manufacturing industry
title_fullStr Good practices and trendsin reverse logistics in the plastic products manufacturing industry
title_full_unstemmed Good practices and trendsin reverse logistics in the plastic products manufacturing industry
title_sort Good practices and trendsin reverse logistics in the plastic products manufacturing industry
dc.creator.fl_str_mv Jimenez Delgado, Genett Isabel
Santos, Gilberto
Félix, María
Hernández, Hugo
Rondón, Carlos
dc.contributor.author.spa.fl_str_mv Jimenez Delgado, Genett Isabel
Santos, Gilberto
Félix, María
Hernández, Hugo
Rondón, Carlos
dc.subject.spa.fl_str_mv Reverse logistics
Good practices evaluation
Social responsibility
Plastic industry
Multicriteria Decision Making
MCMD
Analytical Hierarchy Process
AHP
topic Reverse logistics
Good practices evaluation
Social responsibility
Plastic industry
Multicriteria Decision Making
MCMD
Analytical Hierarchy Process
AHP
description The management of solid waste and its impact on the environment has been a subject of study and revision in different aspects, from mathematical modeling to control, with the aim of proposing different alternatives that contribute to diminishing the adverse effects in the environment. In this regard, reverse logistics has become a key trend to balance economic development with environmental protection, as this approach allows the maximization of value and the sustainable use of products at the end of their life cycle. This approach has been applied in different sectors such as textiles, pharmaceuticals, food, among others, but still with great potential for study in the plastic industry given the impact of plastic products on the environment and the increasing pressures of consumers, government and environmental groups that propose new forms of operation and innovation in companies in the sector. The goal of this work is the identification of good practices and trends in the plastic products manufacturing industry, with respect to the recovery of plastic products through reverse logistics, both at the revision level of literature, as well as, from the use of an evaluation instrument among entrepreneurs of the sector, in order to provide a framework for diagnosis and continuous improvement in the development of good practices in reverse logistics for the industry.
publishDate 2019
dc.date.issued.none.fl_str_mv 2019
dc.date.accessioned.none.fl_str_mv 2020-04-09T20:29:52Z
dc.date.available.none.fl_str_mv 2020-04-09T20:29:52Z
dc.type.spa.fl_str_mv Artículo de revista
dc.type.coar.fl_str_mv http://purl.org/coar/resource_type/c_2df8fbb1
dc.type.coar.spa.fl_str_mv http://purl.org/coar/resource_type/c_6501
dc.type.content.spa.fl_str_mv Text
dc.type.driver.spa.fl_str_mv info:eu-repo/semantics/article
dc.type.redcol.spa.fl_str_mv http://purl.org/redcol/resource_type/ART
dc.type.version.spa.fl_str_mv info:eu-repo/semantics/acceptedVersion
format http://purl.org/coar/resource_type/c_6501
status_str acceptedVersion
dc.identifier.issn.spa.fl_str_mv 2351-9789
dc.identifier.uri.spa.fl_str_mv https://hdl.handle.net/11323/6159
dc.identifier.doi.spa.fl_str_mv https://doi.org/10.1016/j.promfg.2019.09.021
dc.identifier.instname.spa.fl_str_mv Corporación Universidad de la Costa
dc.identifier.reponame.spa.fl_str_mv REDICUC - Repositorio CUC
dc.identifier.repourl.spa.fl_str_mv https://repositorio.cuc.edu.co/
identifier_str_mv 2351-9789
Corporación Universidad de la Costa
REDICUC - Repositorio CUC
url https://hdl.handle.net/11323/6159
https://doi.org/10.1016/j.promfg.2019.09.021
https://repositorio.cuc.edu.co/
dc.language.iso.none.fl_str_mv eng
language eng
dc.relation.references.spa.fl_str_mv [1] J. Arandes, J. Bilbao, D. Lopez. Reciclado de residuos plasticos. Revista Iberoamericana de Polimeros, 5(1) (2004) 28-45.
[2] Dinero Magazine [Web]. Hacia un mundo que consume menos plástico: ¿Qué pasa con Colombia? 2016 [cited October 4 2018].Recovered from: http://www.dinero.com/economia/articulo/oportunidad-para-colombia-en-el-mercado-mundial-de-plasticos-/217899
[3] J. Rojas. “Colombia entierra millones de pesos por no reciclar” 2016. Recovered from: http://www.contactoverde.com.co/colombia-entierramillonesde-pesos-por-no-reciclar/
[4] G. Jimenez, Procedimientos para el mejoramiento de la calidad y la implantación de la Norma ISO 9001 aplicado al proceso de asesoramiento del Centro de Investigaciones y Desarrollo Empresarial y Regional en una Institucion de Educacion Superior basados en la gestion por procesos. In: Congreso de Gestion de la Calidad y Proteccion Ambiental GECPA 2014, Habana, Cuba, (2014) 1–22.
[5] G. Jimenez, E. Zapata, Metodologia integrada para el control estratégico y la mejora continua, basada en el Balanced Scorecard y el Sistema de Gestión de Calidad: Aplicacion en una organizacion de servicios en Colombia. In: 51a Asamblea Anual del Consejo Latinoamerica-no de Escuelas de Administracion CLADEA 2016, Medellin, Colombia, (2016) 1–20.
[6] J.P. Guiltinan and N.G. Nwokoye, Developing distribution channels and systems in the emerging recycling industry". International Journal of Physical Distribution, 1 (1975) 28–38.
[7] C. Carter, L. Ellram, L. (1998), Reverse Logistics: A review of the literature and Framework for future investigation. Journal for Business Logistics, 19 (1998) 85-102.
[8] S. Senthil, K. Murugananthan, A. Ramesh, Analysis and prioritisation of risks in a reverse logistics network using hybrid multi-criteria decision making methods. Journal of Cleaner Production, 179 (1) (2018) 716-730.
[9] S. Agrawal, R. Singh, Qand Murtaza, Q. (2015). “A literature review and perspectives in reverse logistics”. Resources, Conservation and Recycling, 97, 76–92
[10] P. Gonzalez, B. Adenso, Reverse logistics practices in the glass sector in Spain and Belgium. Internet Business Review, 15(5) (2006) 527-546
[11] S. Kumar, V. Putnam, Cradle to cradle: Reverse logistics strategies and opportunities across three industry sectors. International Journal of Production Economy, 115(2) (2008) 305-315.
[12] B. Mwanza, C. Mbohwa, Drivers to Sustainable Plastic Solid Waste Recycling: A Review. Procedia Manufacturing, (2017) 649-656
[13] G. Jimenez, L. Hernandez, H. Hernandez, L. Cabas, J. Ferreira, Evaluation of Quality Man.t for Strategic Decision Making in Companies in the Plastic Sector of the Colombian Caribbean Region Using the TQM Diagnostic. Report and Data Analysis. In: Stephanidis C. (eds) HCI Intern. 2018 – Posters' Extended Abst. HCI 2018. Communications in Computer and Information Science, Springer Cham, 852 (2018) 273-280.
[14] G. Jimenez, L. Novoa, L. Ramos, J. Martinez, C. Alvarino. Diagnosis of Initial Conditions for the Implementation of the Integrated Management System in the Companies of the Land Cargo Transportation in the City of Barranquilla (Colombia). In: Stephanidis C. (eds) HCI International 2018 – Posters' Extended Abstracts. HCI 2018. Com. in Computer and Information Science, Springer Cham, 852 (2018) 282-289.
[15] M. Şükrü, A.Coşkun, Drivers of Reverse Logistics Activities: An Empirical Investigation. Procedia - Social and Behavioral Sciences, Volume 58, (12) (2012) 1640-1649
[16] MA. Ortiz‐Barrios, B. Kucukaltan, D. Carvajal‐Tinoco, D. Neira‐Rodado, G. Jiménez, Strategic hybrid approach for selecting suppliers of high‐density polyethylene. Journal of Multi‐Criteria Decision Analysis, (2017) 1–21. https://doi.org/ 10.1002/mcda.1617.
[17] AENOR Norma No. 66177. Guía para la integración de sistemas de gestión (2005)
[18] L. Hernández, G. Jiménez, Characterization of the Current Conditions of the ITSA Data Centers According to Standards of the Green Data Centers Friendly to the Environment. In: Silhavy R., Senkerik R., Kominkova Oplatkova Z., Prokopova Z., Silhavy P. (eds) Cybernetics and Mathematics Ap Intellig Systems. CSOC 2017. Advances in Intelligent Systems and Computing, vol 574. Springer, Cham, 574 (2017) 329-340
[19] G.Santos, J.Barbosa, QUALIFOUND - a modular tool developed for Quality Improvement in Foundries. Journal of Manufacturing Technology Management (2006), 17 (3) 351-362
[20] C.Marques, N. Lopes, G. Santos, I. Delgado, P. Delgado, Improving operator evaluation skills for defect classification using training strategy supported by attribute agreement analysis. Measurement (2018), 119,129–141.
[21] M. Doiro, J.F. Fernández, M. Félix, G. Santos, ERP - machining centre integration: a modular kitchen production case study. Procédia Manufacturing (2017) 13, 1159–1166.
[22] L. Bravi, F. Murmura, G. Santos, Attitudes and Behaviours of Italian 3D Prosumer in the Era of Additive Manufacturing. Procédia Manufacturing (2017), 13, 980–986
dc.rights.spa.fl_str_mv CC0 1.0 Universal
dc.rights.uri.spa.fl_str_mv http://creativecommons.org/publicdomain/zero/1.0/
dc.rights.accessrights.spa.fl_str_mv info:eu-repo/semantics/openAccess
dc.rights.coar.spa.fl_str_mv http://purl.org/coar/access_right/c_abf2
rights_invalid_str_mv CC0 1.0 Universal
http://creativecommons.org/publicdomain/zero/1.0/
http://purl.org/coar/access_right/c_abf2
eu_rights_str_mv openAccess
dc.publisher.spa.fl_str_mv Procedia Manufacturing
institution Corporación Universidad de la Costa
bitstream.url.fl_str_mv https://repositorio.cuc.edu.co/bitstreams/c86c3e3e-c21e-4ad4-94ee-4b1cd75a71ca/download
https://repositorio.cuc.edu.co/bitstreams/c086a152-37cd-454e-80fc-65a1d5bb2543/download
https://repositorio.cuc.edu.co/bitstreams/b47958e6-8f0d-4087-835b-ff6e25e30ef1/download
https://repositorio.cuc.edu.co/bitstreams/ef4e0193-3ab7-49c7-b13a-2c9355899b7a/download
https://repositorio.cuc.edu.co/bitstreams/b2f13108-012f-45e9-b47c-59ddc1f57819/download
bitstream.checksum.fl_str_mv 859e966f7ae1fadf6eb5ced85af265be
42fd4ad1e89814f5e4a476b409eb708c
8a4605be74aa9ea9d79846c1fba20a33
99f13242867eedb8f8d26927a539fc60
26cdc4266d584962536704f171149e82
bitstream.checksumAlgorithm.fl_str_mv MD5
MD5
MD5
MD5
MD5
repository.name.fl_str_mv Repositorio de la Universidad de la Costa CUC
repository.mail.fl_str_mv repdigital@cuc.edu.co
_version_ 1828166595518660608
spelling Jimenez Delgado, Genett IsabelSantos, GilbertoFélix, MaríaHernández, HugoRondón, Carlos2020-04-09T20:29:52Z2020-04-09T20:29:52Z20192351-9789https://hdl.handle.net/11323/6159https://doi.org/10.1016/j.promfg.2019.09.021Corporación Universidad de la CostaREDICUC - Repositorio CUChttps://repositorio.cuc.edu.co/The management of solid waste and its impact on the environment has been a subject of study and revision in different aspects, from mathematical modeling to control, with the aim of proposing different alternatives that contribute to diminishing the adverse effects in the environment. In this regard, reverse logistics has become a key trend to balance economic development with environmental protection, as this approach allows the maximization of value and the sustainable use of products at the end of their life cycle. This approach has been applied in different sectors such as textiles, pharmaceuticals, food, among others, but still with great potential for study in the plastic industry given the impact of plastic products on the environment and the increasing pressures of consumers, government and environmental groups that propose new forms of operation and innovation in companies in the sector. The goal of this work is the identification of good practices and trends in the plastic products manufacturing industry, with respect to the recovery of plastic products through reverse logistics, both at the revision level of literature, as well as, from the use of an evaluation instrument among entrepreneurs of the sector, in order to provide a framework for diagnosis and continuous improvement in the development of good practices in reverse logistics for the industry.Jimenez Delgado, Genett Isabel-will be generated-orcid-0000-0003-1016-5805-600Santos, GilbertoFélix, MaríaHernández, HugoRondón, CarlosengProcedia ManufacturingCC0 1.0 Universalhttp://creativecommons.org/publicdomain/zero/1.0/info:eu-repo/semantics/openAccesshttp://purl.org/coar/access_right/c_abf2Reverse logisticsGood practices evaluationSocial responsibilityPlastic industryMulticriteria Decision MakingMCMDAnalytical Hierarchy ProcessAHPGood practices and trendsin reverse logistics in the plastic products manufacturing industryArtículo de revistahttp://purl.org/coar/resource_type/c_6501http://purl.org/coar/resource_type/c_2df8fbb1Textinfo:eu-repo/semantics/articlehttp://purl.org/redcol/resource_type/ARTinfo:eu-repo/semantics/acceptedVersion[1] J. Arandes, J. Bilbao, D. Lopez. Reciclado de residuos plasticos. Revista Iberoamericana de Polimeros, 5(1) (2004) 28-45.[2] Dinero Magazine [Web]. Hacia un mundo que consume menos plástico: ¿Qué pasa con Colombia? 2016 [cited October 4 2018].Recovered from: http://www.dinero.com/economia/articulo/oportunidad-para-colombia-en-el-mercado-mundial-de-plasticos-/217899[3] J. Rojas. “Colombia entierra millones de pesos por no reciclar” 2016. Recovered from: http://www.contactoverde.com.co/colombia-entierramillonesde-pesos-por-no-reciclar/[4] G. Jimenez, Procedimientos para el mejoramiento de la calidad y la implantación de la Norma ISO 9001 aplicado al proceso de asesoramiento del Centro de Investigaciones y Desarrollo Empresarial y Regional en una Institucion de Educacion Superior basados en la gestion por procesos. In: Congreso de Gestion de la Calidad y Proteccion Ambiental GECPA 2014, Habana, Cuba, (2014) 1–22.[5] G. Jimenez, E. Zapata, Metodologia integrada para el control estratégico y la mejora continua, basada en el Balanced Scorecard y el Sistema de Gestión de Calidad: Aplicacion en una organizacion de servicios en Colombia. In: 51a Asamblea Anual del Consejo Latinoamerica-no de Escuelas de Administracion CLADEA 2016, Medellin, Colombia, (2016) 1–20.[6] J.P. Guiltinan and N.G. Nwokoye, Developing distribution channels and systems in the emerging recycling industry". International Journal of Physical Distribution, 1 (1975) 28–38.[7] C. Carter, L. Ellram, L. (1998), Reverse Logistics: A review of the literature and Framework for future investigation. Journal for Business Logistics, 19 (1998) 85-102.[8] S. Senthil, K. Murugananthan, A. Ramesh, Analysis and prioritisation of risks in a reverse logistics network using hybrid multi-criteria decision making methods. Journal of Cleaner Production, 179 (1) (2018) 716-730.[9] S. Agrawal, R. Singh, Qand Murtaza, Q. (2015). “A literature review and perspectives in reverse logistics”. Resources, Conservation and Recycling, 97, 76–92[10] P. Gonzalez, B. Adenso, Reverse logistics practices in the glass sector in Spain and Belgium. Internet Business Review, 15(5) (2006) 527-546[11] S. Kumar, V. Putnam, Cradle to cradle: Reverse logistics strategies and opportunities across three industry sectors. International Journal of Production Economy, 115(2) (2008) 305-315.[12] B. Mwanza, C. Mbohwa, Drivers to Sustainable Plastic Solid Waste Recycling: A Review. Procedia Manufacturing, (2017) 649-656[13] G. Jimenez, L. Hernandez, H. Hernandez, L. Cabas, J. Ferreira, Evaluation of Quality Man.t for Strategic Decision Making in Companies in the Plastic Sector of the Colombian Caribbean Region Using the TQM Diagnostic. Report and Data Analysis. In: Stephanidis C. (eds) HCI Intern. 2018 – Posters' Extended Abst. HCI 2018. Communications in Computer and Information Science, Springer Cham, 852 (2018) 273-280.[14] G. Jimenez, L. Novoa, L. Ramos, J. Martinez, C. Alvarino. Diagnosis of Initial Conditions for the Implementation of the Integrated Management System in the Companies of the Land Cargo Transportation in the City of Barranquilla (Colombia). In: Stephanidis C. (eds) HCI International 2018 – Posters' Extended Abstracts. HCI 2018. Com. in Computer and Information Science, Springer Cham, 852 (2018) 282-289.[15] M. Şükrü, A.Coşkun, Drivers of Reverse Logistics Activities: An Empirical Investigation. Procedia - Social and Behavioral Sciences, Volume 58, (12) (2012) 1640-1649[16] MA. Ortiz‐Barrios, B. Kucukaltan, D. Carvajal‐Tinoco, D. Neira‐Rodado, G. Jiménez, Strategic hybrid approach for selecting suppliers of high‐density polyethylene. Journal of Multi‐Criteria Decision Analysis, (2017) 1–21. https://doi.org/ 10.1002/mcda.1617.[17] AENOR Norma No. 66177. Guía para la integración de sistemas de gestión (2005)[18] L. Hernández, G. Jiménez, Characterization of the Current Conditions of the ITSA Data Centers According to Standards of the Green Data Centers Friendly to the Environment. In: Silhavy R., Senkerik R., Kominkova Oplatkova Z., Prokopova Z., Silhavy P. (eds) Cybernetics and Mathematics Ap Intellig Systems. CSOC 2017. Advances in Intelligent Systems and Computing, vol 574. Springer, Cham, 574 (2017) 329-340[19] G.Santos, J.Barbosa, QUALIFOUND - a modular tool developed for Quality Improvement in Foundries. Journal of Manufacturing Technology Management (2006), 17 (3) 351-362[20] C.Marques, N. Lopes, G. Santos, I. Delgado, P. Delgado, Improving operator evaluation skills for defect classification using training strategy supported by attribute agreement analysis. Measurement (2018), 119,129–141.[21] M. Doiro, J.F. Fernández, M. Félix, G. Santos, ERP - machining centre integration: a modular kitchen production case study. Procédia Manufacturing (2017) 13, 1159–1166.[22] L. Bravi, F. Murmura, G. Santos, Attitudes and Behaviours of Italian 3D Prosumer in the Era of Additive Manufacturing. Procédia Manufacturing (2017), 13, 980–986PublicationORIGINALGood practice and trends in reverse logistics in the plastic products manufacturing industry.pdfGood practice and trends in reverse logistics in the plastic products manufacturing industry.pdfapplication/pdf1129657https://repositorio.cuc.edu.co/bitstreams/c86c3e3e-c21e-4ad4-94ee-4b1cd75a71ca/download859e966f7ae1fadf6eb5ced85af265beMD51CC-LICENSElicense_rdflicense_rdfapplication/rdf+xml; charset=utf-8701https://repositorio.cuc.edu.co/bitstreams/c086a152-37cd-454e-80fc-65a1d5bb2543/download42fd4ad1e89814f5e4a476b409eb708cMD52LICENSElicense.txtlicense.txttext/plain; charset=utf-81748https://repositorio.cuc.edu.co/bitstreams/b47958e6-8f0d-4087-835b-ff6e25e30ef1/download8a4605be74aa9ea9d79846c1fba20a33MD53THUMBNAILGood practice and trends in reverse logistics in the plastic products manufacturing industry.pdf.jpgGood practice and trends in reverse logistics in the plastic products manufacturing industry.pdf.jpgimage/jpeg48403https://repositorio.cuc.edu.co/bitstreams/ef4e0193-3ab7-49c7-b13a-2c9355899b7a/download99f13242867eedb8f8d26927a539fc60MD54TEXTGood practice and trends in reverse logistics in the plastic products manufacturing industry.pdf.txtGood practice and trends in reverse logistics in the plastic products manufacturing industry.pdf.txttext/plain33528https://repositorio.cuc.edu.co/bitstreams/b2f13108-012f-45e9-b47c-59ddc1f57819/download26cdc4266d584962536704f171149e82MD5511323/6159oai:repositorio.cuc.edu.co:11323/61592024-09-17 10:44:49.071http://creativecommons.org/publicdomain/zero/1.0/CC0 1.0 Universalopen.accesshttps://repositorio.cuc.edu.coRepositorio de la Universidad de la Costa CUCrepdigital@cuc.edu.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

Publicaciones similares