Multidisciplinary analysis of differences between finisher and non-finisher ultra-endurance mountain athletes
Ultra-endurance races are one of the most physically and psychologically demanding sports, depending performance on several elements. The aims of the present study were (i) to analyze differences in selected psychophysiological parameters between finisher and non-finisher ultra-endurance mountain at...
- Autores:
-
Belinchon-deMiguel, Pedro
Tornero Aguilera, José Francisco
Dalamitros, Athanasios
Nikolaidis, Pantelis
Rosemann, Thomas
Knechtle, Beat
Clemente-Suárez, Vicente Javier
- Tipo de recurso:
- Article of journal
- Fecha de publicación:
- 2019
- Institución:
- Corporación Universidad de la Costa
- Repositorio:
- REDICUC - Repositorio CUC
- Idioma:
- eng
- OAI Identifier:
- oai:repositorio.cuc.edu.co:11323/5837
- Acceso en línea:
- https://hdl.handle.net/11323/5837
https://repositorio.cuc.edu.co/
- Palabra clave:
- Psychology
Odontology
Nutrition
Training
Stress
Mountain running
- Rights
- openAccess
- License
- CC0 1.0 Universal
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Multidisciplinary analysis of differences between finisher and non-finisher ultra-endurance mountain athletes |
| title |
Multidisciplinary analysis of differences between finisher and non-finisher ultra-endurance mountain athletes |
| spellingShingle |
Multidisciplinary analysis of differences between finisher and non-finisher ultra-endurance mountain athletes Psychology Odontology Nutrition Training Stress Mountain running |
| title_short |
Multidisciplinary analysis of differences between finisher and non-finisher ultra-endurance mountain athletes |
| title_full |
Multidisciplinary analysis of differences between finisher and non-finisher ultra-endurance mountain athletes |
| title_fullStr |
Multidisciplinary analysis of differences between finisher and non-finisher ultra-endurance mountain athletes |
| title_full_unstemmed |
Multidisciplinary analysis of differences between finisher and non-finisher ultra-endurance mountain athletes |
| title_sort |
Multidisciplinary analysis of differences between finisher and non-finisher ultra-endurance mountain athletes |
| dc.creator.fl_str_mv |
Belinchon-deMiguel, Pedro Tornero Aguilera, José Francisco Dalamitros, Athanasios Nikolaidis, Pantelis Rosemann, Thomas Knechtle, Beat Clemente-Suárez, Vicente Javier |
| dc.contributor.author.spa.fl_str_mv |
Belinchon-deMiguel, Pedro Tornero Aguilera, José Francisco Dalamitros, Athanasios Nikolaidis, Pantelis Rosemann, Thomas Knechtle, Beat Clemente-Suárez, Vicente Javier |
| dc.subject.spa.fl_str_mv |
Psychology Odontology Nutrition Training Stress Mountain running |
| topic |
Psychology Odontology Nutrition Training Stress Mountain running |
| description |
Ultra-endurance races are one of the most physically and psychologically demanding sports, depending performance on several elements. The aims of the present study were (i) to analyze differences in selected psychophysiological parameters between finisher and non-finisher ultra-endurance mountain athletes, and (ii) to analyze modifications in psychophysiological parameters before and after an ultra-endurance mountain event. Selected psychophysiological variables were assessed in 46 finishers and 24 non-finishers in two over 100 km ultra-endurance races were examined. We found how an ultra-endurance mountain race produced dehydration, a decrease in systolic blood pressure, weight and leg strength muscle values, as well as an increase in heart rate and rate of perceived exertion values. Finishers presented lower systolic blood pressure, weight, body mass index, half marathon time and fluid intake before competition day compared to non-finishers. In addition, body mass index, pre-race hydration, and performance in lower distance races were predictors of performance in these ultra-endurance mountain races. |
| publishDate |
2019 |
| dc.date.issued.none.fl_str_mv |
2019-12-10 |
| dc.date.accessioned.none.fl_str_mv |
2020-01-16T14:14:06Z |
| dc.date.available.none.fl_str_mv |
2020-01-16T14:14:06Z |
| dc.type.spa.fl_str_mv |
Artículo de revista |
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http://purl.org/coar/resource_type/c_2df8fbb1 |
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http://purl.org/coar/resource_type/c_6501 |
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Text |
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info:eu-repo/semantics/article |
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http://purl.org/redcol/resource_type/ART |
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info:eu-repo/semantics/acceptedVersion |
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http://purl.org/coar/resource_type/c_6501 |
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acceptedVersion |
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1664-042X |
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https://hdl.handle.net/11323/5837 |
| dc.identifier.instname.spa.fl_str_mv |
Corporación Universidad de la Costa |
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REDICUC - Repositorio CUC |
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https://repositorio.cuc.edu.co/ |
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1664-042X Corporación Universidad de la Costa REDICUC - Repositorio CUC |
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https://hdl.handle.net/11323/5837 https://repositorio.cuc.edu.co/ |
| dc.language.iso.none.fl_str_mv |
eng |
| language |
eng |
| dc.relation.references.spa.fl_str_mv |
Armstrong, L. E., Maresh, C. M., Castellani, J. W., Bergeron, M. F., Kenefick, R. W., LaGasse, K. E., et al. (1994). Urinary indices of hydration status. Int .J. Sport Nutr. 4, 265–279. doi: 10.1123/ijsn.4.3.265 Ashley, P., Di Iorio, A., Cole, E., Tanday, A., and Needleman, I. (2015). Oral health of elite athletes and association with performance: a systematic review. Br. J. Sports Med. 49, 14–19. doi: 10.1136/bjsports-2014-09 3617 Baker, J., Côté, J., and Deakin, J. (2005). Cognitive characteristics of expert, middle of the pack, and back of the pack ultra-endurance triathletes. Psychol. Sport Exerc. 6, 551–558. doi: 10.1016/j.psychsport.2004.04.005 Barandun, U., Knechtle, B., Knechtle, P., Klipstein, A., Rust, C. A., Rosemann, T., et al. (2012). Running speed during training and percent body fat predict race time in recreational male marathoners. Open Access. J. Sports Med. 3, 51–58. doi: 10.2147/oajsm.s33284 Belinchon-deMiguel, P., and Clemente-Suárez, V. J. (2018). Psychophysiological, body composition, biomechanical and autonomic modulation analysis procedures in an ultraendurance mountain race. J. Med. Syst. 42:32. doi: 10.1007/s10916-017-0889-y Belinchón-Demiguel, P., and Clemente-Suárez, V. J. (2019). Nutrition, hydration and ergogenic aids strategies in ultraendurance mountain events. J. Sports Med. Phys. Fitness 59, 791–797. doi: 10.23736/s0022-4707.18. 08920-x Belinchon-deMiguel, P., Ruisoto-Palomera, P., and Clemente-Suarez, V. J. (2019). Psychophysiological stress response of a paralympic athlete during an ultraendurance event. a case study. J. Med. Syst. 43:70. doi: 10.1007/s10916-019- 1188-6 Bond, F. W., Hayes, S. C., Baer, R. A., Carpenter, K. M., Guenole, N., and Orcutt, H. K. (2011). Preliminary psychometric properties of the acceptance and action questionnaire-II: a revised measure of psychological inflexibility and experiential avoidance. Behav. Ther. 42, 676–688. doi: 10.1016/j.beth.2011. 03.007 Clemente-Suarez, V. J. (2015). Psychophysiological response and energy balance during a 14-h ultraendurance mountain running event. Appl. Physiol. Nutr. Metab. 40, 269–273. doi: 10.1139/apnm-2014-0263 Clemente-Suárez, V. J., González-Ravé, J. M., and Navarro-Valdivielso, F. (2014). Short-term periodized aerobic training does not attenuate strength capacity or jump performance in recreational endurance athletes. Acta Physiol. Hung. 101, 185–196. doi: 10.1556/APhysiol.101.2014.002 Clemente-Suarez, V. J., and Nikolaidis, P. T. (2017). Use of bioimpedianciometer as predictor of mountain marathon performance. J. Med. Syst. 41:73. doi: 10. 1007/s10916-017-0722-7 Clemente-Suárez, V. J., and Ramos-Campo, D. J. (2019). Effectiveness of reverse vs. traditional linear training periodization in triathlon. Int. J. Environ. Res. Public Health 16:2807. doi: 10.3390/ijerph16152807 Costa, R. J., Gill, S. K., Hankey, J., Wright, A., and Marczak, S. (2014). Perturbed energy balance and hydration status in ultra-endurance runners during a 24 h ultra-marathon. Br. J. Nutr. 112, 428–437. doi: 10.1017/s0007114514000907 Frese, C., Frese, F., Kuhlmann, S., Saure, D., Reljic, D., Staehle, H. J., et al. (2015). Effect of endurance training on dental erosion, caries, and saliva. Scand. J. Med. Sci. Sports 25, e319–e326. doi: 10.1111/sms.12266 Freund, W., Weber, F., Billich, C., Birklein, F., Breimhorst, M., and Schuetz, U. H. (2013). Ultra-marathon runners are different: investigations into pain tolerance and personality traits of participants of the TransEurope FootRace 2009. Pain Pract. 13, 524–532. doi: 10.1111/papr.12039 Hoffman, M. D., and Fogard, K. (2011). Factors related to successful completion of a 161-km ultramarathon. Int. J. Sports Physiol. Perform. 6, 25–37. doi: 10.1123/ijspp.6.1.25 Hoffman, M. D., Stellingwerff, T., and Costa, R. J. S. (2019). Considerations for ultra-endurance activities: Part 2 - hydration. Res. Sports Med. 27, 182–194. doi: 10.1080/15438627.2018.1502189 Hughes, S., Case, H. S., Stuempfle, K., and Evans, D. (2003). Personality profiles of iditasport ultra-marathon participants. J. Appl. Sport Psychol. 15, 256–261. doi: 10.1080/10413200305385 Jamart, C., Francaux, M., Millet, G. Y., Deldicque, L., Frere, D., and Feasson, L. (2012). Modulation of autophagy and ubiquitin-proteasome pathways during ultra-endurance running. J. Appl. Physiol. 112, 1529–1537. doi: 10.1152/ japplphysiol.00952.2011 Joslin, J., Lloyd, J. B., Kotlyar, T., and Wojcik, S. M. (2013). NSAID and other analgesic use by endurance runners during training, competition and recovery. South Afr. J. Sports Med. 25, 101–104. Knechtle, B. (2014). Relationship of anthropometric and training characteristics with race performance in endurance and ultra-endurance athletes. Asian J. Sports Med. 5, 73–90. Knechtle, B., Duff, B., Schulze, I., Rosemann, T., and Senn, O. (2009a). Anthropometry and pre-race experience of finishers and nonfinishers in a multistage ultra-endurance run–Deutschlandlauf 2007. Percept. Mot. Skills 109, 105–118. doi: 10.2466/pms.109.1.105-118 Knechtle, B., Wirth, A., Knechtle, P., Zimmermann, K., and Kohler, G. (2009b). Personal best marathon performance is associated with performance in a 24-h run and not anthropometry or training volume. Br. J. Sports Med. 43, 836–839. doi: 10.1136/bjsm.2007.045716 Knechtle, B., Knechtle, P., Rosemann, T., and Lepers, R. (2010). Predictor variables for a 100-km race time in male ultra-marathoners. Percept. Mot. Skills 111, 681–693. doi: 10.2466/05.25.pms.111.6.681-693 Knechtle, B., Rust, C. A., Knechtle, P., and Rosemann, T. (2012). Does muscle mass affect running times in male long-distance master runners? Asian J. Sports Med. 3, 247–256. Lane, A. M., and Wilson, M. (2011). Emotions and trait emotional intelligence among ultra-endurance runners. J. Sci. Med. Sport 14, 358–362. doi: 10.1016/ j.jsams.2011.03.001 Marklund, P., Mattsson, C. M., Wahlin-Larsson, B., Ponsot, E., Lindvall, B., and Lindvall, L. (2013). Extensive inflammatory cell infiltration in human skeletal muscle in response to an ultraendurance exercise bout in experienced athletes. J. Appl. Physiol. 114, 66–72. doi: 10.1152/japplphysiol.01538.2011 Needleman, I., Ashley, P., Fine, P., Haddad, F., Loosemore, M., de Medici, A., et al. (2015). Oral health and elite sport performance. Br. J. Sports Med. 49, 3–6. doi: 10.1136/bjsports-2014-093804 Needleman, I., Ashley, P., Petrie, A., Fortune, F., Turner, W., Jones, J., et al. (2013). Oral health and impact on performance of athletes participating in the London 2012 olympic games: a cross-sectional study. Br. J. Sports Med. 47, 1054–1058. doi: 10.1136/bjsports-2013-092891 Nicolas, M., Banizette, M., and Millet, G. Y. (2011). Stress and recovery states after a 24 h ultra-marathon race: a one-month follow-up study. Psychol. Sport Exerc. 12, 368–374. doi: 10.1016/j.psychsport.2011.03.005 O’Neil, J. W., and Steyn, B. J. (2007). Strategies used by South African non-elite athletes to cope with the environmental stressors associated with endurance events. South Afr. J. Res. Sport Phys. Educ. Recreat. 29, 99–107. Peters, E. M. (2003). Nutritional aspects in ultra-endurance exercise. Curr. Opin. Clin. Nutr. Metab. Care 6, 427–434. doi: 10.1097/01.mco.0000078986.18 774.90 Portier, H., Louisy, F., Laude, D., Berthelot, M., and Guézennec, C. Y. (2001). Intense endurance training on heart rate and blood pressure variability in runners. Med. Sci. Sports Exerc. 33:1120. doi: 10.1097/00005768-200107000-00009 Remor, E. (2006). Psychometric properties of a European Spanish version of the perceived stress scale (PSS). Spanish J. Psychol. 9, 86–93. doi: 10.1017/ s1138741600006004 Schumacher, Y. O., Jankovits, R., Bultermann, D., Schmid, A., and Berg, A. (2002). Hematological indices in elite cyclists. Scand. J. Med. Sci. Sports 12, 301–308. doi: 10.1034/j.1600-0838.2002.10112.x Schutz, U. H., Schmidt-Trucksass, A., Knechtle, B., Machann, J., Wiedelbach, H., and Ehrhardt, M. (2012). The TransEurope FootRace Project: longitudinal data acquisition in a cluster randomized mobile MRI observational cohort study on 44 endurance runners at a 64-stage 4,486 km transcontinental ultramarathon. BMC Med. 10:78. doi: 10.1186/1741-7015-10-78 Suarez, V. C., Valdivielso, F. N., and Rave, J. M. G. (2011). Changes in biochemical parameters after a 20-hour ultra-endurance kayak and cycling event. Int. SportMed. J. 12, 1–6. Tornero-Aguilera, J. F., and Clemente-Suarez, V. J. (2018). Effect of experience, equipment and fire actions in psychophysiological response and memory of soldiers in actual underground operations. Int. J. Psychophysiol. 128, 40–46. doi: 10.1016/j.ijpsycho.2018.03.009 Tornero-Aguilera, J. F., Robles-Perez, J. J., and Clemente-Suarez, V. J. (2017). Effect of combat stress in the psychophysiological response of elite and non-elite soldiers. J. Med. Syst. 41:100. doi: 10.1007/s10916-017-0748-x Tornero-Aguilera, J. G., and Clemente-Suarez, V. J. (2019). Resisted and endurance high intensity interval training for combat preparedness. Aerosp. Med. Hum. Perform. 90, 32–36. doi: 10.3357/amhp.5217.2019 Valenzano, A., Moscatelli, F., Triggiani, A. I., Capranica, L., De Ioannon, G., and Piacentini, M. F. (2016). Heart-rate changes after an ultraendurance swim from Italy to Albania: a case report. Int. J. Sports Physiol. Perform. 11, 407–409. doi: 10.1123/ijspp.2015-0035 Volek, J. S., Freidenreich, D. J., Saenz, C., Kunces, L. J., Creighton, B. C., and Bartley, J. M. (2016). Metabolic characteristics of keto-adapted ultra-endurance runners. Metabolism 65, 100–110. doi: 10.1016/j.metabol.2015.10.028 Von Duvillard, S. P., Braun, W. A., Markofski, M., Beneke, R., and Leithauser, R. (2004). Fluids and hydration in prolonged endurance performance. Nutrition 20, 651–656. doi: 10.1016/j.nut.2004.04.011 Whyte, G., Lumley, S., George, K., Gates, P., Sharma, S., Prasad, K., et al. (2000). Physiological profile and predictors of cycling performance in ultra-endurance triathletes. J. Sports Med. Phys. Fitness 40, 103–109. Wichardt, E., Mattsson, C. M., Ekblom, B., and Henriksson-Larsen, K. (2011). Rhabdomyolysis/myoglobinemia and NSAID during 48 h ultra-endurance exercise (adventure racing). Eur. J. Appl. Physiol. 111, 1541–1544. doi: 10.1007/ s00421-010-1774-2 Zaryski, C., and Smith, D. J. (2005). Training principles and issues for ultraendurance athletes. Curr. Sports Med. Rep. 4, 165–170. doi: 10.1097/01.csmr. 0000306201.49315.73 |
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Belinchon-deMiguel, PedroTornero Aguilera, José FranciscoDalamitros, AthanasiosNikolaidis, PantelisRosemann, ThomasKnechtle, BeatClemente-Suárez, Vicente Javier2020-01-16T14:14:06Z2020-01-16T14:14:06Z2019-12-101664-042Xhttps://hdl.handle.net/11323/5837Corporación Universidad de la CostaREDICUC - Repositorio CUChttps://repositorio.cuc.edu.co/Ultra-endurance races are one of the most physically and psychologically demanding sports, depending performance on several elements. The aims of the present study were (i) to analyze differences in selected psychophysiological parameters between finisher and non-finisher ultra-endurance mountain athletes, and (ii) to analyze modifications in psychophysiological parameters before and after an ultra-endurance mountain event. Selected psychophysiological variables were assessed in 46 finishers and 24 non-finishers in two over 100 km ultra-endurance races were examined. We found how an ultra-endurance mountain race produced dehydration, a decrease in systolic blood pressure, weight and leg strength muscle values, as well as an increase in heart rate and rate of perceived exertion values. Finishers presented lower systolic blood pressure, weight, body mass index, half marathon time and fluid intake before competition day compared to non-finishers. In addition, body mass index, pre-race hydration, and performance in lower distance races were predictors of performance in these ultra-endurance mountain races.Belinchon-deMiguel, Pedro-will be generated-orcid-0000-0001-8879-9192-600Tornero Aguilera, José Francisco-will be generated-orcid-0000-0002-0747-8133-600Dalamitros, Athanasios-will be generated-orcid-0000-0003-1069-2146-600Nikolaidis, Pantelis-will be generated-orcid-0000-0001-8030-7122-600Rosemann, ThomasKnechtle, Beat-will be generated-orcid-0000-0002-2412-9103-600Clemente-Suárez, Vicente Javier-will be generated-orcid-0000-0002-2397-2801-600engFrontiers in PhysiologyCC0 1.0 Universalhttp://creativecommons.org/publicdomain/zero/1.0/info:eu-repo/semantics/openAccesshttp://purl.org/coar/access_right/c_abf2PsychologyOdontologyNutritionTrainingStressMountain runningMultidisciplinary analysis of differences between finisher and non-finisher ultra-endurance mountain athletesArtículo de revistahttp://purl.org/coar/resource_type/c_6501http://purl.org/coar/resource_type/c_2df8fbb1Textinfo:eu-repo/semantics/articlehttp://purl.org/redcol/resource_type/ARTinfo:eu-repo/semantics/acceptedVersionArmstrong, L. E., Maresh, C. M., Castellani, J. W., Bergeron, M. F., Kenefick, R. W., LaGasse, K. E., et al. (1994). Urinary indices of hydration status. Int .J. Sport Nutr. 4, 265–279. doi: 10.1123/ijsn.4.3.265Ashley, P., Di Iorio, A., Cole, E., Tanday, A., and Needleman, I. (2015). Oral health of elite athletes and association with performance: a systematic review. Br. J. Sports Med. 49, 14–19. doi: 10.1136/bjsports-2014-09 3617Baker, J., Côté, J., and Deakin, J. (2005). Cognitive characteristics of expert, middle of the pack, and back of the pack ultra-endurance triathletes. Psychol. Sport Exerc. 6, 551–558. doi: 10.1016/j.psychsport.2004.04.005Barandun, U., Knechtle, B., Knechtle, P., Klipstein, A., Rust, C. A., Rosemann, T., et al. (2012). Running speed during training and percent body fat predict race time in recreational male marathoners. Open Access. J. Sports Med. 3, 51–58. doi: 10.2147/oajsm.s33284Belinchon-deMiguel, P., and Clemente-Suárez, V. J. (2018). Psychophysiological, body composition, biomechanical and autonomic modulation analysis procedures in an ultraendurance mountain race. J. Med. Syst. 42:32. doi: 10.1007/s10916-017-0889-yBelinchón-Demiguel, P., and Clemente-Suárez, V. J. (2019). Nutrition, hydration and ergogenic aids strategies in ultraendurance mountain events. J. Sports Med. Phys. Fitness 59, 791–797. doi: 10.23736/s0022-4707.18. 08920-xBelinchon-deMiguel, P., Ruisoto-Palomera, P., and Clemente-Suarez, V. J. (2019). Psychophysiological stress response of a paralympic athlete during an ultraendurance event. a case study. J. Med. Syst. 43:70. doi: 10.1007/s10916-019- 1188-6Bond, F. W., Hayes, S. C., Baer, R. A., Carpenter, K. M., Guenole, N., and Orcutt, H. K. (2011). Preliminary psychometric properties of the acceptance and action questionnaire-II: a revised measure of psychological inflexibility and experiential avoidance. Behav. Ther. 42, 676–688. doi: 10.1016/j.beth.2011. 03.007Clemente-Suarez, V. J. (2015). Psychophysiological response and energy balance during a 14-h ultraendurance mountain running event. Appl. Physiol. Nutr. Metab. 40, 269–273. doi: 10.1139/apnm-2014-0263Clemente-Suárez, V. J., González-Ravé, J. M., and Navarro-Valdivielso, F. (2014). Short-term periodized aerobic training does not attenuate strength capacity or jump performance in recreational endurance athletes. Acta Physiol. Hung. 101, 185–196. doi: 10.1556/APhysiol.101.2014.002Clemente-Suarez, V. J., and Nikolaidis, P. T. (2017). Use of bioimpedianciometer as predictor of mountain marathon performance. J. Med. Syst. 41:73. doi: 10. 1007/s10916-017-0722-7Clemente-Suárez, V. J., and Ramos-Campo, D. J. (2019). Effectiveness of reverse vs. traditional linear training periodization in triathlon. Int. J. Environ. Res. Public Health 16:2807. doi: 10.3390/ijerph16152807Costa, R. J., Gill, S. K., Hankey, J., Wright, A., and Marczak, S. (2014). Perturbed energy balance and hydration status in ultra-endurance runners during a 24 h ultra-marathon. Br. J. Nutr. 112, 428–437. doi: 10.1017/s0007114514000907Frese, C., Frese, F., Kuhlmann, S., Saure, D., Reljic, D., Staehle, H. J., et al. (2015). Effect of endurance training on dental erosion, caries, and saliva. Scand. J. Med. Sci. Sports 25, e319–e326. doi: 10.1111/sms.12266Freund, W., Weber, F., Billich, C., Birklein, F., Breimhorst, M., and Schuetz, U. H. (2013). Ultra-marathon runners are different: investigations into pain tolerance and personality traits of participants of the TransEurope FootRace 2009. Pain Pract. 13, 524–532. doi: 10.1111/papr.12039Hoffman, M. D., and Fogard, K. (2011). Factors related to successful completion of a 161-km ultramarathon. Int. J. Sports Physiol. Perform. 6, 25–37. doi: 10.1123/ijspp.6.1.25Hoffman, M. D., Stellingwerff, T., and Costa, R. J. S. (2019). Considerations for ultra-endurance activities: Part 2 - hydration. Res. 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Rep. 4, 165–170. doi: 10.1097/01.csmr. 0000306201.49315.73PublicationORIGINALMultidisciplinary analysis of differences between finisher and non-finisher ultra-endurance mountain athletes.pdfMultidisciplinary analysis of differences between finisher and non-finisher ultra-endurance mountain athletes.pdfapplication/pdf251140https://repositorio.cuc.edu.co/bitstreams/390a1282-6b05-4047-b669-b341180a38b7/downloadda4acd153a0901f114a00b4e3cd001f0MD51CC-LICENSElicense_rdflicense_rdfapplication/rdf+xml; charset=utf-8701https://repositorio.cuc.edu.co/bitstreams/0fcf275c-349e-4d43-84e9-5c5e314dc012/download42fd4ad1e89814f5e4a476b409eb708cMD52LICENSElicense.txtlicense.txttext/plain; charset=utf-81748https://repositorio.cuc.edu.co/bitstreams/379a3064-a10a-4678-b7be-143507f8c0ab/download8a4605be74aa9ea9d79846c1fba20a33MD53THUMBNAILMultidisciplinary analysis of differences between finisher and non-finisher ultra-endurance mountain athletes.pdf.jpgMultidisciplinary analysis of differences between finisher and non-finisher ultra-endurance mountain athletes.pdf.jpgimage/jpeg56067https://repositorio.cuc.edu.co/bitstreams/140beb4a-e99e-4deb-bbad-d4d3f27628f0/downloadf364414961122ca1d0264be69d5444b2MD55TEXTMultidisciplinary analysis of differences between finisher and non-finisher ultra-endurance mountain athletes.pdf.txtMultidisciplinary analysis of differences between finisher and non-finisher ultra-endurance mountain athletes.pdf.txttext/plain44983https://repositorio.cuc.edu.co/bitstreams/2f763cec-dc4c-45d3-95bc-b4489c8df08d/downloada7d069424ba07ad950e8cbcb14976d91MD5611323/5837oai:repositorio.cuc.edu.co:11323/58372024-09-17 11:10:15.913http://creativecommons.org/publicdomain/zero/1.0/CC0 1.0 Universalopen.accesshttps://repositorio.cuc.edu.coRepositorio de la Universidad de la Costa CUCrepdigital@cuc.edu.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 |