Economic and energy analysis of small capacity grid-connected hybrid photovoltaic-wind systems in Mexico
The integration of renewable energies in the electric power system, as a solution to the growing demand for electricity in developing countries, has become a vital issue, such is the case of Mexico. The purpose of this work is the assessment of the economic and energy feasibility of a residential ho...
- Autores:
-
Peña Gallardo, Rafael
Ospino Castro, Adalberto
Ramírez, Juan Segundo
Hernández Rodriguez, Aurelio
Noriega Angarita, Eliana
Muñoz Maldonado, Yecid
- Tipo de recurso:
- Article of journal
- Fecha de publicación:
- 2020
- Institución:
- Corporación Universidad de la Costa
- Repositorio:
- REDICUC - Repositorio CUC
- Idioma:
- eng
- OAI Identifier:
- oai:repositorio.cuc.edu.co:11323/6575
- Acceso en línea:
- https://hdl.handle.net/11323/6575
https://repositorio.cuc.edu.co/
- Palabra clave:
- Feasibility study
Hybrid generation system
Net billing
Net metering
Photovoltaic energy
Wind energy
- Rights
- openAccess
- License
- CC0 1.0 Universal
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dc.title.spa.fl_str_mv |
Economic and energy analysis of small capacity grid-connected hybrid photovoltaic-wind systems in Mexico |
title |
Economic and energy analysis of small capacity grid-connected hybrid photovoltaic-wind systems in Mexico |
spellingShingle |
Economic and energy analysis of small capacity grid-connected hybrid photovoltaic-wind systems in Mexico Feasibility study Hybrid generation system Net billing Net metering Photovoltaic energy Wind energy |
title_short |
Economic and energy analysis of small capacity grid-connected hybrid photovoltaic-wind systems in Mexico |
title_full |
Economic and energy analysis of small capacity grid-connected hybrid photovoltaic-wind systems in Mexico |
title_fullStr |
Economic and energy analysis of small capacity grid-connected hybrid photovoltaic-wind systems in Mexico |
title_full_unstemmed |
Economic and energy analysis of small capacity grid-connected hybrid photovoltaic-wind systems in Mexico |
title_sort |
Economic and energy analysis of small capacity grid-connected hybrid photovoltaic-wind systems in Mexico |
dc.creator.fl_str_mv |
Peña Gallardo, Rafael Ospino Castro, Adalberto Ramírez, Juan Segundo Hernández Rodriguez, Aurelio Noriega Angarita, Eliana Muñoz Maldonado, Yecid |
dc.contributor.author.spa.fl_str_mv |
Peña Gallardo, Rafael Ospino Castro, Adalberto Ramírez, Juan Segundo Hernández Rodriguez, Aurelio Noriega Angarita, Eliana Muñoz Maldonado, Yecid |
dc.subject.spa.fl_str_mv |
Feasibility study Hybrid generation system Net billing Net metering Photovoltaic energy Wind energy |
topic |
Feasibility study Hybrid generation system Net billing Net metering Photovoltaic energy Wind energy |
description |
The integration of renewable energies in the electric power system, as a solution to the growing demand for electricity in developing countries, has become a vital issue, such is the case of Mexico. The purpose of this work is the assessment of the economic and energy feasibility of a residential house grid-connected hybrid photovoltaic (PV)-wind system, in Mexico. The hybrid PV-wind system design is based on the existing renewable energy resources and considering a typical load profile. Also, an economic analysis is presented based on the two schemes approved for the sale of the surplus of the energy generated in Mexico: Net billing and net metering. The results obtained demonstrate the viability and profitability of the proposed small-size system. However, the results corroborate that government incentives are crucial to making the proposed system more attractive and affordable for residential users. |
publishDate |
2020 |
dc.date.accessioned.none.fl_str_mv |
2020-07-15T23:31:25Z |
dc.date.available.none.fl_str_mv |
2020-07-15T23:31:25Z |
dc.date.issued.none.fl_str_mv |
2020 |
dc.type.spa.fl_str_mv |
Artículo de revista |
dc.type.coar.fl_str_mv |
http://purl.org/coar/resource_type/c_2df8fbb1 |
dc.type.coar.spa.fl_str_mv |
http://purl.org/coar/resource_type/c_6501 |
dc.type.content.spa.fl_str_mv |
Text |
dc.type.driver.spa.fl_str_mv |
info:eu-repo/semantics/article |
dc.type.redcol.spa.fl_str_mv |
http://purl.org/redcol/resource_type/ART |
dc.type.version.spa.fl_str_mv |
info:eu-repo/semantics/acceptedVersion |
format |
http://purl.org/coar/resource_type/c_6501 |
status_str |
acceptedVersion |
dc.identifier.issn.spa.fl_str_mv |
2146-4553 |
dc.identifier.uri.spa.fl_str_mv |
https://hdl.handle.net/11323/6575 |
dc.identifier.doi.spa.fl_str_mv |
DOI: https://doi.org/10.32479/ijeep.8449 |
dc.identifier.instname.spa.fl_str_mv |
Corporación Universidad de la Costa |
dc.identifier.reponame.spa.fl_str_mv |
REDICUC - Repositorio CUC |
dc.identifier.repourl.spa.fl_str_mv |
https://repositorio.cuc.edu.co/ |
identifier_str_mv |
2146-4553 DOI: https://doi.org/10.32479/ijeep.8449 Corporación Universidad de la Costa REDICUC - Repositorio CUC |
url |
https://hdl.handle.net/11323/6575 https://repositorio.cuc.edu.co/ |
dc.language.iso.none.fl_str_mv |
eng |
language |
eng |
dc.relation.references.spa.fl_str_mv |
Adefarati, T., Bansal, R.C. (2016), Integration of renewable distributed generators into the distribution system: A review. IET Renewable Power Generation, 10, 873-884. Akgül, F.G., Şenoʇlu, B., Arslan, T. (2016), An alternative distribution to Weibull for modeling the wind speed data: Inverse Weibull distribution. Energy Conversion and Management, 114, 234-240. Alavi, O., Sedaghat, A., Mostafaeipour, A. (20160, Sensitivity analysis of different wind speed distribution models with actual and truncated wind data: A case study for Kerman, Iran. Energy Conversion and Management, 120, 51-61. Algarín, C.R., Llanos, A.P., Castro, A.O. (2017), An analytic hierarchy process based approach for evaluating renewable energy sources. International Journal of Energy Economics and Policy, 7, 38-47. Ataei, A., Biglari, M., Nedaei, M., Assareh, E., Choi, J.K., Yoo, C., Adaramola, M.S. (2015), Techno-economic feasibility study of autonomous hybrid wind and solar power systems for rural areas in Iran, a case study in Moheydar village. Environmental Progress and Sustainable Energy, 34, 1521-1527. Banda, D., Pena, R., Gutierrez, G., Juarez, E., Visairo, N., Nunez, C. (2014), Feasibility Assessment of the Installation of a Photovoltaic System as a Battery Charging Center in a Mexican Mining Company. In: 2014 IEEE International Autumn Meeting on Power, Electronics and Computing, ROPEC. Baneshi, M., Hadianfard, F. (2016), Techno-economic feasibility of hybrid diesel/PV/wind/battery electricity generation systems for nonresidential large electricity consumers under southern Iran climate conditions. Energy Conversion and Management, 127, 233-244. Bhattacharjee, S., Acharya, S. (2015), PV-wind hybrid power option for a low wind topography. Energy Conversion and Management, 89, 942-954. Cámara de Diputados México. (2013), Ley para el Aprovechamiento de Energias Renovables y el Financiamiento de la Transicion Energetica (LAFAERTE). p1-16. Choi, W., Pate, M.B., Warren, R.D., Nelson, R.M. (2018), An economic analysis comparison of stationary and dual-axis tracking gridconnected photovoltaic systems in the US Upper Midwest. International Journal of Sustainable Energy, 37, 455-478. Denegri, M.J., Raichijk, C., Grossi, H., Gersolar, G. (2012), Evaluación de diferentes modelos utilizados para la estimación de la radiación fotosintéticamente activa en planos inclinados. Avances en Energías Renovables y Medio Ambiente, 16, 11-13. Dufo-López, R., Bernal-Agustín, J.L. (2008), Multi-objective design of PV-wind-diesel-hydrogen-battery systems. Renewable Energy, 33, 2559-2572. FIDE. (2019), Fideicomiso para el Ahorro de Energía Eléctrica. Available from: http://www.fide.org.mx. [Last accessed on 2019 Jan 20]. Hernandez, A., Pena, R., Mendez, W., Visairo, N., Nunez, C. (2013), Wind Resource Assessment in the Surroundings of San Luis Potosi, Mexico. In: 2013 IEEE International Autumn Meeting on Power, Electronics and Computing, ROPEC. Ibarra-Yunez, A. (2015), Energy reform in Mexico: Imperfect unbundling in the electricity sector. Utilities Policy, 35, 19-27. Islam, M.R., Saidur, R., Rahim, N.A. (2011), Assessment of wind energy potentiality at Kudat and Labuan, Malaysia using Weibull distribution function. Energy, 36, 985-992. Keating, T., Walker, A., Ardani, K. (2015), Best Practices Guide for Photovoltaic System Operations and Maintenance, Nrel. 57. Liu, B., Jordan, R. (1961), Daily Insolation on Surfaces Tilted Towards the Equator. ASHRAE Journal. Doi: 10.1590/0104-8333201400420047. Madrigal, M. (2017), Potenciando la Generación Distribuida en México: Nuevos Instrumentos de Regulación. México: Comisión Reguladora de Energía. p1-12. Maklad Y, Glencross-Grant R. (2017), A seasonal analysis of potential wind power for Armidale NSW, Australia. International Journal of Energy Economics and Policy, 4, 92-107. Maqueda, Z.M.R., Sánchez, V.L.A. (2011), Curvas de demanda de energía eléctrica en el sector doméstico de dos regiones de México. Boletín IIE, 173, 172-180. Milanese, M., Tornese, L., Colangelo, G., Laforgia, D., de Risi, A. (2017), Numerical method for wind energy analysis applied to Apulia Region, Italy. Energy, 128, 1-10. Mohammadi, K., Alavi, O., Mostafaeipour, A., Goudarzi, N., Jalilvand, M. (2016), Assessing different parameters estimation methods of Weibull distribution to compute wind power density. Energy Conversion and Management, 108, 322-335. Muñoz, Y., Guerrero, J., Ospino, A. (2015), Evaluation of a hybrid system of renewable electricity generation for a remote area of colombia using homer software. Tecciencia, 9, 57-67. Noriega-Angarita, E., Sousa-Santos, V., Quintero-Duran, M., Gil-Arrieta, C. (2016), Solar radiation prediction for dimensioning photovoltaic systems using artificial neural networks. International Journal of Engineering and Technology, 8, 1817-1825. Ortiz-Velázquez, J.A., Bueno, G., Arana-Coronado, J.J. (2017), Análisis de la demanda residencial de electricidad en el Estado de México. Economics, Society and Territory, 17, 199. Ospino-Castro, A., Pena-Gallardo, R., Rodriguez, A.H., SegundoRamirez, J., Munoz-Maldonado, Y.A. (2018), Techno-economic Evaluation of a Grid-connected Hybrid PV-wind Power Generation System in San Luis Potosi, Mexico. In: 2017 IEEE International Autumn Meeting on Power, Electronics and Computing, ROPEC. p1-6. Paez, A.F., Maldonado, Y.M., Castro, A.O., Hernández, N., Conde, E., Pacheco, L., González, W., Sotelo, O. (2017), Future scenarios and trends of energy demand in colombia using long-range energy alternative planning. International Journal of Energy Economics and Policy, 7(5), 178-190. Pagola, V., Peña, R., Segundo, J., Ospino, A. (2019), Rapid prototyping of a hybrid PV wind generation system implemented in a real-time digital simulation platform and arduino. Electronics, 8, 102. Pagola-Torres, V., Pena-Gallardo, R., Segundo-Ramírez, J. (2016), Low Voltage Ride-through Analysis in Real Time of a PV-Wind Hybrid System. In: 2015 IEEE International Autumn Meeting on Power, Electronics and Computing, ROPEC. Perez-Arriaga, I.J., Batlle, C. (2012), Impacts of intermittent renewables on electricity generation system operation. Economics of Energy and Environmental Policy, 1, 3-18. Qolipour, M., Mostafaeipour, A., Tousi, O.M. (2017), Techno-economic feasibility of a photovoltaic-wind power plant construction for electric and hydrogen production: A case study. Renewable and Sustainable Energy Reviews, 78, 113-123. Ramli, M.A.M., Hiendro, A., Al-Turki, Y.A. (2016), Techno-economic energy analysis of wind/solar hybrid system: Case study for western coastal area of Saudi Arabia. Renewable Energy, 91, 374-385. Ravikumar, D., Vennila, V. (2017), Hybrid Wind Solar System for Efficient Power Generation. In: Proceedings of the International Conference on Electronics, Communication and Aerospace Technology, ICECA. p73-79. Robles-Algarin, C.A., Taborda-Giraldo, J.A., Ospino-Castro, A.J. (2018), A procedure for criteria selection in the energy planning of Colombian rural areas. Información Tecnológica, 29(3), 71-80. SEDATU. (2018), Secretaría de Desarrollo Agrario, Territorial y Urbano. Available from: https://www.gob.mx/sedatu. [Last accessed on 2018 Nov 20]. SENER. (2018), Reporte de Avance de Energías Limpias, Primer Semeste, 2017. México: Secretaría de Energía. Available from: https://www.gob.mx/cms/uploads/attachment/file/340121/Informe_ Renovables_2017_cierre.pdf. [Last accessed on 2019 May 14]. Shukla, K.N., Rangnekar, S., Sudhakar, K. (2015), Comparative study of isotropic and anisotropic sky models to estimate solar radiation incident on tilted surface: A case study for Bhopal, India. Energy Reports, 1, 96-103. SIE. (2016), Energy Information System. México: Secretaría de Energía. Available from: http://www.sie.energia.gob.mx. [Last accessed on 2018 Oct 25]. Smets, A, Jäger, K, Isabella, O, Zeman, M, Van Swaaij, R. (2016), Solar Energy: The Physics and Engineering of Photovoltaic Conversion, Technologies and Systems. Cambridge: UIT. p113-121. Vega-Sanchez, M.A., Castaneda-Jimenez, P.D., Pena-Gallardo, R., Ruiz-Alonso, A., Morales-Saldana, J.A., Palacios-Hernandez, E.R. (2018), Evaluation of Complementarity of Wind and Solar Energy Resources Over Mexico Using an Image Processing Approach. In: 2017 IEEE International Autumn Meeting on Power, Electronics and Computing, ROPEC. p1-5. WID. (2018), Worldwide Inflation Data. Available from: http://www. es.inflation.eu/tasas-de-inflacion/mexico/inflacion-historica/ipcinflacion-mexico-2018.aspx. [Last accessed on 2018 Nov 02]. |
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Peña Gallardo, RafaelOspino Castro, AdalbertoRamírez, Juan SegundoHernández Rodriguez, AurelioNoriega Angarita, ElianaMuñoz Maldonado, Yecid2020-07-15T23:31:25Z2020-07-15T23:31:25Z20202146-4553https://hdl.handle.net/11323/6575DOI: https://doi.org/10.32479/ijeep.8449Corporación Universidad de la CostaREDICUC - Repositorio CUChttps://repositorio.cuc.edu.co/The integration of renewable energies in the electric power system, as a solution to the growing demand for electricity in developing countries, has become a vital issue, such is the case of Mexico. The purpose of this work is the assessment of the economic and energy feasibility of a residential house grid-connected hybrid photovoltaic (PV)-wind system, in Mexico. The hybrid PV-wind system design is based on the existing renewable energy resources and considering a typical load profile. Also, an economic analysis is presented based on the two schemes approved for the sale of the surplus of the energy generated in Mexico: Net billing and net metering. The results obtained demonstrate the viability and profitability of the proposed small-size system. However, the results corroborate that government incentives are crucial to making the proposed system more attractive and affordable for residential users.Peña Gallardo, RafaelOspino Castro, AdalbertoRamírez, Juan SegundoHernández Rodriguez, AurelioNoriega Angarita, ElianaMuñoz Maldonado, YecidengInternational Journal of Energy Economics and PolicyCC0 1.0 Universalhttp://creativecommons.org/publicdomain/zero/1.0/info:eu-repo/semantics/openAccesshttp://purl.org/coar/access_right/c_abf2Feasibility studyHybrid generation systemNet billingNet meteringPhotovoltaic energyWind energyEconomic and energy analysis of small capacity grid-connected hybrid photovoltaic-wind systems in MexicoArtículo de revistahttp://purl.org/coar/resource_type/c_6501http://purl.org/coar/resource_type/c_2df8fbb1Textinfo:eu-repo/semantics/articlehttp://purl.org/redcol/resource_type/ARTinfo:eu-repo/semantics/acceptedVersionAdefarati, T., Bansal, R.C. (2016), Integration of renewable distributed generators into the distribution system: A review. IET Renewable Power Generation, 10, 873-884.Akgül, F.G., Şenoʇlu, B., Arslan, T. (2016), An alternative distribution to Weibull for modeling the wind speed data: Inverse Weibull distribution. Energy Conversion and Management, 114, 234-240.Alavi, O., Sedaghat, A., Mostafaeipour, A. (20160, Sensitivity analysis of different wind speed distribution models with actual and truncated wind data: A case study for Kerman, Iran. Energy Conversion and Management, 120, 51-61.Algarín, C.R., Llanos, A.P., Castro, A.O. (2017), An analytic hierarchy process based approach for evaluating renewable energy sources. International Journal of Energy Economics and Policy, 7, 38-47.Ataei, A., Biglari, M., Nedaei, M., Assareh, E., Choi, J.K., Yoo, C., Adaramola, M.S. (2015), Techno-economic feasibility study of autonomous hybrid wind and solar power systems for rural areas in Iran, a case study in Moheydar village. Environmental Progress and Sustainable Energy, 34, 1521-1527.Banda, D., Pena, R., Gutierrez, G., Juarez, E., Visairo, N., Nunez, C. (2014), Feasibility Assessment of the Installation of a Photovoltaic System as a Battery Charging Center in a Mexican Mining Company. In: 2014 IEEE International Autumn Meeting on Power, Electronics and Computing, ROPEC.Baneshi, M., Hadianfard, F. (2016), Techno-economic feasibility of hybrid diesel/PV/wind/battery electricity generation systems for nonresidential large electricity consumers under southern Iran climate conditions. Energy Conversion and Management, 127, 233-244.Bhattacharjee, S., Acharya, S. (2015), PV-wind hybrid power option for a low wind topography. Energy Conversion and Management, 89, 942-954.Cámara de Diputados México. (2013), Ley para el Aprovechamiento de Energias Renovables y el Financiamiento de la Transicion Energetica (LAFAERTE). p1-16.Choi, W., Pate, M.B., Warren, R.D., Nelson, R.M. (2018), An economic analysis comparison of stationary and dual-axis tracking gridconnected photovoltaic systems in the US Upper Midwest. International Journal of Sustainable Energy, 37, 455-478.Denegri, M.J., Raichijk, C., Grossi, H., Gersolar, G. (2012), Evaluación de diferentes modelos utilizados para la estimación de la radiación fotosintéticamente activa en planos inclinados. Avances en Energías Renovables y Medio Ambiente, 16, 11-13.Dufo-López, R., Bernal-Agustín, J.L. (2008), Multi-objective design of PV-wind-diesel-hydrogen-battery systems. Renewable Energy, 33, 2559-2572.FIDE. (2019), Fideicomiso para el Ahorro de Energía Eléctrica. Available from: http://www.fide.org.mx. [Last accessed on 2019 Jan 20].Hernandez, A., Pena, R., Mendez, W., Visairo, N., Nunez, C. (2013), Wind Resource Assessment in the Surroundings of San Luis Potosi, Mexico. In: 2013 IEEE International Autumn Meeting on Power, Electronics and Computing, ROPEC.Ibarra-Yunez, A. (2015), Energy reform in Mexico: Imperfect unbundling in the electricity sector. Utilities Policy, 35, 19-27.Islam, M.R., Saidur, R., Rahim, N.A. (2011), Assessment of wind energy potentiality at Kudat and Labuan, Malaysia using Weibull distribution function. Energy, 36, 985-992.Keating, T., Walker, A., Ardani, K. (2015), Best Practices Guide for Photovoltaic System Operations and Maintenance, Nrel. 57.Liu, B., Jordan, R. (1961), Daily Insolation on Surfaces Tilted Towards the Equator. ASHRAE Journal. Doi: 10.1590/0104-8333201400420047.Madrigal, M. (2017), Potenciando la Generación Distribuida en México: Nuevos Instrumentos de Regulación. México: Comisión Reguladora de Energía. p1-12.Maklad Y, Glencross-Grant R. (2017), A seasonal analysis of potential wind power for Armidale NSW, Australia. International Journal of Energy Economics and Policy, 4, 92-107.Maqueda, Z.M.R., Sánchez, V.L.A. (2011), Curvas de demanda de energía eléctrica en el sector doméstico de dos regiones de México. Boletín IIE, 173, 172-180.Milanese, M., Tornese, L., Colangelo, G., Laforgia, D., de Risi, A. (2017), Numerical method for wind energy analysis applied to Apulia Region, Italy. Energy, 128, 1-10.Mohammadi, K., Alavi, O., Mostafaeipour, A., Goudarzi, N., Jalilvand, M. (2016), Assessing different parameters estimation methods of Weibull distribution to compute wind power density. Energy Conversion and Management, 108, 322-335.Muñoz, Y., Guerrero, J., Ospino, A. (2015), Evaluation of a hybrid system of renewable electricity generation for a remote area of colombia using homer software. Tecciencia, 9, 57-67.Noriega-Angarita, E., Sousa-Santos, V., Quintero-Duran, M., Gil-Arrieta, C. (2016), Solar radiation prediction for dimensioning photovoltaic systems using artificial neural networks. International Journal of Engineering and Technology, 8, 1817-1825.Ortiz-Velázquez, J.A., Bueno, G., Arana-Coronado, J.J. (2017), Análisis de la demanda residencial de electricidad en el Estado de México. Economics, Society and Territory, 17, 199.Ospino-Castro, A., Pena-Gallardo, R., Rodriguez, A.H., SegundoRamirez, J., Munoz-Maldonado, Y.A. (2018), Techno-economic Evaluation of a Grid-connected Hybrid PV-wind Power Generation System in San Luis Potosi, Mexico. In: 2017 IEEE International Autumn Meeting on Power, Electronics and Computing, ROPEC. p1-6.Paez, A.F., Maldonado, Y.M., Castro, A.O., Hernández, N., Conde, E., Pacheco, L., González, W., Sotelo, O. (2017), Future scenarios and trends of energy demand in colombia using long-range energy alternative planning. International Journal of Energy Economics and Policy, 7(5), 178-190.Pagola, V., Peña, R., Segundo, J., Ospino, A. (2019), Rapid prototyping of a hybrid PV wind generation system implemented in a real-time digital simulation platform and arduino. Electronics, 8, 102.Pagola-Torres, V., Pena-Gallardo, R., Segundo-Ramírez, J. (2016), Low Voltage Ride-through Analysis in Real Time of a PV-Wind Hybrid System. In: 2015 IEEE International Autumn Meeting on Power, Electronics and Computing, ROPEC.Perez-Arriaga, I.J., Batlle, C. (2012), Impacts of intermittent renewables on electricity generation system operation. Economics of Energy and Environmental Policy, 1, 3-18.Qolipour, M., Mostafaeipour, A., Tousi, O.M. (2017), Techno-economic feasibility of a photovoltaic-wind power plant construction for electric and hydrogen production: A case study. Renewable and Sustainable Energy Reviews, 78, 113-123.Ramli, M.A.M., Hiendro, A., Al-Turki, Y.A. (2016), Techno-economic energy analysis of wind/solar hybrid system: Case study for western coastal area of Saudi Arabia. Renewable Energy, 91, 374-385.Ravikumar, D., Vennila, V. (2017), Hybrid Wind Solar System for Efficient Power Generation. In: Proceedings of the International Conference on Electronics, Communication and Aerospace Technology, ICECA. p73-79.Robles-Algarin, C.A., Taborda-Giraldo, J.A., Ospino-Castro, A.J. (2018), A procedure for criteria selection in the energy planning of Colombian rural areas. Información Tecnológica, 29(3), 71-80.SEDATU. (2018), Secretaría de Desarrollo Agrario, Territorial y Urbano. Available from: https://www.gob.mx/sedatu. [Last accessed on 2018 Nov 20].SENER. (2018), Reporte de Avance de Energías Limpias, Primer Semeste, 2017. México: Secretaría de Energía. Available from: https://www.gob.mx/cms/uploads/attachment/file/340121/Informe_ Renovables_2017_cierre.pdf. [Last accessed on 2019 May 14].Shukla, K.N., Rangnekar, S., Sudhakar, K. (2015), Comparative study of isotropic and anisotropic sky models to estimate solar radiation incident on tilted surface: A case study for Bhopal, India. Energy Reports, 1, 96-103.SIE. (2016), Energy Information System. México: Secretaría de Energía. Available from: http://www.sie.energia.gob.mx. [Last accessed on 2018 Oct 25].Smets, A, Jäger, K, Isabella, O, Zeman, M, Van Swaaij, R. 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