Energy performance of a university building for different air conditioning (AC) technologies: a case study
The study uses four AC technologies to assess the energy performance—this is a case study of an educational building in Barranquilla, Colombia. The building currently has split AC technology high-energy consumers. Therefore, it was necessary to assess a replacement with more efficient technology. Be...
- Autores:
-
Balbis Morejón, Milen
Cabello Eras, Juan José
Rey Martínez, Francisco J.
Mendoza Fandiño, Jorge Mario
Rey Hernández, Javier M.
- Tipo de recurso:
- Article of investigation
- Fecha de publicación:
- 2024
- Institución:
- Corporación Universidad de la Costa
- Repositorio:
- REDICUC - Repositorio CUC
- Idioma:
- eng
- OAI Identifier:
- oai:repositorio.cuc.edu.co:11323/13700
- Acceso en línea:
- https://hdl.handle.net/11323/13700
https://repositorio.cuc.edu.co/
- Palabra clave:
- Air conditioning systems
Educational building
Energy performance index (EnPI)
Energy simulation
Life cycle cost (LCC)
Energy performance
- Rights
- openAccess
- License
- Atribución 4.0 Internacional (CC BY 4.0)
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dc.title.eng.fl_str_mv |
Energy performance of a university building for different air conditioning (AC) technologies: a case study |
title |
Energy performance of a university building for different air conditioning (AC) technologies: a case study |
spellingShingle |
Energy performance of a university building for different air conditioning (AC) technologies: a case study Air conditioning systems Educational building Energy performance index (EnPI) Energy simulation Life cycle cost (LCC) Energy performance |
title_short |
Energy performance of a university building for different air conditioning (AC) technologies: a case study |
title_full |
Energy performance of a university building for different air conditioning (AC) technologies: a case study |
title_fullStr |
Energy performance of a university building for different air conditioning (AC) technologies: a case study |
title_full_unstemmed |
Energy performance of a university building for different air conditioning (AC) technologies: a case study |
title_sort |
Energy performance of a university building for different air conditioning (AC) technologies: a case study |
dc.creator.fl_str_mv |
Balbis Morejón, Milen Cabello Eras, Juan José Rey Martínez, Francisco J. Mendoza Fandiño, Jorge Mario Rey Hernández, Javier M. |
dc.contributor.author.none.fl_str_mv |
Balbis Morejón, Milen Cabello Eras, Juan José Rey Martínez, Francisco J. Mendoza Fandiño, Jorge Mario Rey Hernández, Javier M. |
dc.subject.proposal.eng.fl_str_mv |
Air conditioning systems Educational building Energy performance index (EnPI) Energy simulation Life cycle cost (LCC) Energy performance |
topic |
Air conditioning systems Educational building Energy performance index (EnPI) Energy simulation Life cycle cost (LCC) Energy performance |
description |
The study uses four AC technologies to assess the energy performance—this is a case study of an educational building in Barranquilla, Colombia. The building currently has split AC technology high-energy consumers. Therefore, it was necessary to assess a replacement with more efficient technology. Because of the non-seasonal climate in the building location, one month of monitoring of energy consumption was the reference for developing an energy model for the building using EnergyPlus and DesignBuilder software. The model was applied to forecast the building energy performance of our more efficient AC technologies available in the Colombian market, and valuable according to building specifications (Split, VRF, VAV, and Chiller). Results show a reduction in energy consumption of approximately 30% with the technology change and 15% savings in life cycle costs (LCCs), even though the building is already considered to have a low energy consumption according to national regulations. The findings of this study underscore the potential for widespread applicability across all types of buildings, regardless of their energy consumption profile, be it low, medium, or high. This extensive applicability not only highlights the adaptability and versatility of the technology but also underscores its significance in achieving substantial energy savings and cost reductions across the entire building industry, contributing to a more sustainable and economically efficient future. |
publishDate |
2024 |
dc.date.accessioned.none.fl_str_mv |
2024-11-16T18:25:14Z |
dc.date.available.none.fl_str_mv |
2024-11-16T18:25:14Z |
dc.date.issued.none.fl_str_mv |
2024-06-10 |
dc.type.none.fl_str_mv |
Artículo de revista |
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http://purl.org/coar/resource_type/c_2df8fbb1 |
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info:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersion |
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http://purl.org/coar/version/c_970fb48d4fbd8a85 |
format |
http://purl.org/coar/resource_type/c_2df8fbb1 |
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Balbis-Morejón, M.; Cabello-Eras, J.J.; Rey-Martínez, F.J.; Fandiño, J.M.M.; Rey Hernández, J.M. Energy Performance of a University Building for Different Air Conditioning (AC) Technologies: A Case Study. Buildings 2024, 14, 1746. https://doi.org/10.3390/ buildings14061746. |
dc.identifier.uri.none.fl_str_mv |
https://hdl.handle.net/11323/13700 |
dc.identifier.doi.none.fl_str_mv |
10.3390/ buildings14061746 |
dc.identifier.eissn.none.fl_str_mv |
2075-5309 |
dc.identifier.instname.none.fl_str_mv |
Corporación Universidad de la Costa |
dc.identifier.reponame.none.fl_str_mv |
REDICUC - Repositorio CUC |
dc.identifier.repourl.none.fl_str_mv |
https://repositorio.cuc.edu.co/ |
identifier_str_mv |
Balbis-Morejón, M.; Cabello-Eras, J.J.; Rey-Martínez, F.J.; Fandiño, J.M.M.; Rey Hernández, J.M. Energy Performance of a University Building for Different Air Conditioning (AC) Technologies: A Case Study. Buildings 2024, 14, 1746. https://doi.org/10.3390/ buildings14061746. 10.3390/ buildings14061746 2075-5309 Corporación Universidad de la Costa REDICUC - Repositorio CUC |
url |
https://hdl.handle.net/11323/13700 https://repositorio.cuc.edu.co/ |
dc.language.iso.none.fl_str_mv |
eng |
language |
eng |
dc.relation.ispartofjournal.none.fl_str_mv |
Buildings |
dc.relation.references.none.fl_str_mv |
IEA. Buildings—Topics—IEA; IEA: Paris, France, 2020 Balbis-Morejon, M.; Rey-Hernandez, J.M.; Amaris-castilla, C.; Velasco-Gómez, E.; José-Alonso, J.F.S.; Rey-Martínez, F.J. Experimental Study and Analysis of Thermal Comfort in a University Campus Building in Tropical Climate. Sustainability 2020, 12, 8886. [CrossRef] Li, X.; Chen, S.; Li, H.; Lou, Y.; Li, J. A behavior-orientated prediction method for short-term energy consumption of airconditioning systems in buildings blocks. Energy 2023, 263, 34–50. [CrossRef] McRae, S. Residential Electricity Consumption and Adaptation to Climate Change by Colombian Households. Econ. Disasters Clim. Chang. 2023, 7, 253–279. [CrossRef] Arif, S.; Taweekun, J.; Ali, H.M.; Noranai, Z.; Qadeer, A. Development of a cost effective approach toward energy efficient buildings by design, fabrication and economical analysis of air conditioning pods: A case study of a bus station in Thailand. Case Stud. Therm. Eng. 2023, 41, 102534. [CrossRef] Wang, Z.; Calautit, J.; Wei, S.; Tien, P.W.; Xia, L. Real-time building heat gains prediction and optimization of HVAC setpoint: An integrated framework. J. Build. Eng. 2022, 49. [CrossRef] Zhang, Y.; Song, B. Does energy-efficiency label affect appliance price? Empirical analysis of the new national standard air conditioners in China. Energy 2023, 269, 126847. [CrossRef] Jiang, P.; Li, Y.; Bai, F.; Zhao, X.; An, M.; Hu, J. Coordinating to promote refrigerant transition and energy efficiency improvement of room air conditioners in China: Mitigation potential and costs. J. Clean. Prod. 2023, 382, 134916. [CrossRef] Spielvogel, L.G. Effects of HVAC on student performance. ASHRAE J. 2006, 48, 12. Sekartaji, D.; Ryu, Y.; Novianto, D.; Eto, K.; Gao, W. Energy-Use and Indoor Thermal Performance in Junior High School Building after Air-Conditioning Installation with the Private Finance Initiative. Buildings 2023, 13, 455. [CrossRef] Droutsa, K.G.; Balaras, C.A.; Dascalaki, E.G.; Kontoyiannidis, S.; Argiriou, A.A. Energy Use Intensities for Asset Rating of Hellenic Non-Residential Buildings. Glob. J. Energy Technol. Res. Updat. 2018, 5, 19–36. [CrossRef] Vaisi, S.; Firouzi, M.; Varmazyari, P. Energy benchmarking for secondary school buildings, applying the Top-Down approach. Energy Build. 2023, 279, 112689. [CrossRef] Gul, M.S.; Patidar, S. Understanding the energy consumption and occupancy of a multi-purpose academic building. Energy Build. 2015, 87, 155–165. [CrossRef] ISO 50001:2018; Energy Management Systems—Requirements with Guidance for Use. ISO: Geneva, Switzerland, 2018. ISO 50006:2023; Energy Management Systems—Evaluating Energy Performance Using Energy Performance Indicators and Energy Baselines. ISO: Geneva, Switzerland, 2023. Batlle, E.A.O.; Palacio, J.C.E.; Lora, E.E.S.; Reyes, A.M.M.; Moreno, M.M.; Morejon, M.B. A methodology to estimate baseline energy use and quantify savings in electrical energy consumption in higher education institution buildings: Case study, Federal University of Itajubá (UNIFEI). J. Clean. Prod. 2020, 244, 118551. [CrossRef] Almeida, A.P.; Sousa, V.; Silva, C.M. Methodology for estimating energy and water consumption patterns in university buildings: Case study, Federal University of Roraima (UFRR). Heliyon 2021, 7, 187–199. [CrossRef] Emil, F.; Diab, A. Energy rationalization for an educational building in Egypt: Towards a zero energy building. J. Build. Eng. 2021, 44, 103247. [CrossRef] Mackenzie, L. Some implications of the neoliberal massification of Colombian HE for achieving the sustainable development goals. Policy Futur. Educ. 2023, 22, 14782103231186846. [CrossRef] Surendran, V.M.; Irulappan, C.; Jeyasingh, V.; Ramalingam, V. Thermal Performance Assessment of Envelope Retrofits for Existing School Buildings in a Hot–Humid Climate: A Case Study in Chennai, India. Buildings 2023, 13, 1103. [CrossRef] Kathiravel, R.; Zhu, S.; Feng, H. LCA of net-zero energy residential buildings with different HVAC systems across Canadian climates: A BIM-based fuzzy approach. Energy Build. 2024, 306, 113905. [CrossRef] Huang, H.; Wang, H.; Hu, Y.J.; Li, C.; Wang, X. The development trends of existing building energy conservation and emission reduction—A comprehensive review. Energy Rep. 2022, 8, 13170–13188. [CrossRef] Wu, R.; Sansavini, G. Integrating reliability and resilience to support the transition from passive distribution grids to islanding microgrids. Appl. Energy 2020, 272, 115254. [CrossRef] Hajian, H.; Pylsy, P.; Simson, R.; Ahmed, K.; Sankelo, P.; Mikola, A.; Kurnitski, J. Finnish energy renovation subsidies in multifamily apartment buildings: Lessons learnt and best practices. Energy Build. 2024, 307, 113986. [CrossRef] Asim, N.; Badiei, M.; Mohammad, M.; Razali, H.; Rajabi, A.; Chin Haw, L.; Jameelah Ghazali, M. Sustainability of Heating, Ventilation and Air-Conditioning (HVAC) Systems in Buildings—An Overview. Int. J. Environ. Res. Public Health 2022, 19, 1016. [CrossRef] [PubMed] Rahif, R.; Hamdy, M.; Homaei, S.; Zhang, C.; Holzer, P.; Attia, S. Simulation-based framework to evaluate resistivity of cooling strategies in buildings against overheating impact of climate change. Build. Environ. 2022, 208, 108599. [CrossRef] Wintaco, P.M.; Tellez, S.; Prias, O. End-use energy indicator approach to improve energy performance at the National University of Colombia-Bogotá, under the parameters of the ISO 50001 standard. Trans. Energy Syst. Eng. Appl. 2022, 3, 254–271. Castrillón, R. Herramientas de Gestión Energética para el Desarrollo Sostenible en Edificios Aplicado a un Campus Universitario en Colombia; Universidad de Valladolid: Valladolid, Spain, 2021 Zhang, M.; Gao, Y. Time of emergence in climate extremes corresponding to Köppen-Geiger classification. Weather Clim. Extrem. 2023, 41, 100593. [CrossRef] Balbis-Morejón, M. Análisis Multicriterio para la Selección de Sistemas de Climatización en Edificaciones en Zonas de Clima Cálido y Húmedo en Colombia; Universidad Pontificia Bolivariana: Medellín, Colombia, 2022. Design Builder Software Ltd. DesingBuilder; Design Builder Software Ltd.: Les Stroud, UK, 2018. Available online: https://www. designbuilder-lat.com/ (accessed on 1 March 2024). IFC. Guía de Construcción Sostenible Para el Ahorro de Agua y Energía en Edificaciones; no. 1; Bogotá, D.C., Ed.; IFC: Washington, DC, USA, 2013; p. 89. Rey Martínez, F.J.; Velasco Gómez, E.; Rey Hernández, J.M.; San José Alonso, J.F.; Tejero González, A.; Esquivias Fernández, P.M. Diseño y Gestión de Edificios de Consumo de Energía Casi Nulo; Parainfo: Madrid, Spain, 2020; pp. 30–33. Balbis-Morejón, M.; Cabello-Eras, J.J.; Rey-Hernández, J.M.; Rey-Martínez, F.J. Energy evaluation and energy savings analysis with the 2 selection of ac systems in an educational building. Sustainability 2021, 13, 7527. [CrossRef] Haicheng, S.; Shanghai Haicheng. Site Office Container. 2020. Available online: http://www.shs-house.com/site-officecontainer15264373440020726.html# (accessed on 1 March 2024). Eras, J.J.C.; Morejón, M.B.; Gutiérrez, A.S.; García, A.P.; Ulloa, M.C.; Martínez FJ, R.; Rueda-Bayona, J.G. A look to the electricity generation from non-conventional renewable energy sources in Colombia. Int. J. Energy Econ. Policy 2019, 9, 15–25 Butler, D. Architects of a low-energy future. Nature 2008, 452, 520–523. [CrossRef] [PubMed] UPME. Inflación de Energía en Colombia; Enero 2021; UPME: Bogotá, Colombia, 2021. Shahrestani, M.; Yao, R.; Cook, G.K. Decision making for HVAC&R system selection for a typical office building in the UK. Ashrae Trans. 2012, 118, 222–229. Stephens, B. The impacts of duct design on life cycle costs of central residential heating and air-conditioning systems. Energy Build. 2014, 82, 563–579. [CrossRef] |
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© 2024 by the authors. |
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Atribución 4.0 Internacional (CC BY 4.0) |
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Atribución 4.0 Internacional (CC BY 4.0)© 2024 by the authors.https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/info:eu-repo/semantics/openAccesshttp://purl.org/coar/access_right/c_abf2Balbis Morejón, MilenCabello Eras, Juan JoséRey Martínez, Francisco J.Mendoza Fandiño, Jorge MarioRey Hernández, Javier M.2024-11-16T18:25:14Z2024-11-16T18:25:14Z2024-06-10Balbis-Morejón, M.; Cabello-Eras, J.J.; Rey-Martínez, F.J.; Fandiño, J.M.M.; Rey Hernández, J.M. Energy Performance of a University Building for Different Air Conditioning (AC) Technologies: A Case Study. Buildings 2024, 14, 1746. https://doi.org/10.3390/ buildings14061746.https://hdl.handle.net/11323/1370010.3390/ buildings140617462075-5309Corporación Universidad de la CostaREDICUC - Repositorio CUChttps://repositorio.cuc.edu.co/The study uses four AC technologies to assess the energy performance—this is a case study of an educational building in Barranquilla, Colombia. The building currently has split AC technology high-energy consumers. Therefore, it was necessary to assess a replacement with more efficient technology. Because of the non-seasonal climate in the building location, one month of monitoring of energy consumption was the reference for developing an energy model for the building using EnergyPlus and DesignBuilder software. The model was applied to forecast the building energy performance of our more efficient AC technologies available in the Colombian market, and valuable according to building specifications (Split, VRF, VAV, and Chiller). Results show a reduction in energy consumption of approximately 30% with the technology change and 15% savings in life cycle costs (LCCs), even though the building is already considered to have a low energy consumption according to national regulations. The findings of this study underscore the potential for widespread applicability across all types of buildings, regardless of their energy consumption profile, be it low, medium, or high. This extensive applicability not only highlights the adaptability and versatility of the technology but also underscores its significance in achieving substantial energy savings and cost reductions across the entire building industry, contributing to a more sustainable and economically efficient future.16 páginasapplication/pdfengMultidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute (MDPI)Switzerlandhttps://www.mdpi.com/2075-5309/14/6/1746Energy performance of a university building for different air conditioning (AC) technologies: a case studyArtículo de revistahttp://purl.org/coar/resource_type/c_2df8fbb1Textinfo:eu-repo/semantics/articlehttp://purl.org/redcol/resource_type/ARTinfo:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersionhttp://purl.org/coar/version/c_970fb48d4fbd8a85ColombiaBuildingsIEA. Buildings—Topics—IEA; IEA: Paris, France, 2020Balbis-Morejon, M.; Rey-Hernandez, J.M.; Amaris-castilla, C.; Velasco-Gómez, E.; José-Alonso, J.F.S.; Rey-Martínez, F.J. Experimental Study and Analysis of Thermal Comfort in a University Campus Building in Tropical Climate. Sustainability 2020, 12, 8886. [CrossRef]Li, X.; Chen, S.; Li, H.; Lou, Y.; Li, J. A behavior-orientated prediction method for short-term energy consumption of airconditioning systems in buildings blocks. Energy 2023, 263, 34–50. [CrossRef]McRae, S. Residential Electricity Consumption and Adaptation to Climate Change by Colombian Households. Econ. Disasters Clim. Chang. 2023, 7, 253–279. [CrossRef]Arif, S.; Taweekun, J.; Ali, H.M.; Noranai, Z.; Qadeer, A. Development of a cost effective approach toward energy efficient buildings by design, fabrication and economical analysis of air conditioning pods: A case study of a bus station in Thailand. Case Stud. Therm. Eng. 2023, 41, 102534. [CrossRef]Wang, Z.; Calautit, J.; Wei, S.; Tien, P.W.; Xia, L. Real-time building heat gains prediction and optimization of HVAC setpoint: An integrated framework. J. Build. Eng. 2022, 49. [CrossRef]Zhang, Y.; Song, B. Does energy-efficiency label affect appliance price? Empirical analysis of the new national standard air conditioners in China. Energy 2023, 269, 126847. [CrossRef]Jiang, P.; Li, Y.; Bai, F.; Zhao, X.; An, M.; Hu, J. Coordinating to promote refrigerant transition and energy efficiency improvement of room air conditioners in China: Mitigation potential and costs. J. Clean. Prod. 2023, 382, 134916. [CrossRef]Spielvogel, L.G. Effects of HVAC on student performance. ASHRAE J. 2006, 48, 12.Sekartaji, D.; Ryu, Y.; Novianto, D.; Eto, K.; Gao, W. Energy-Use and Indoor Thermal Performance in Junior High School Building after Air-Conditioning Installation with the Private Finance Initiative. Buildings 2023, 13, 455. [CrossRef]Droutsa, K.G.; Balaras, C.A.; Dascalaki, E.G.; Kontoyiannidis, S.; Argiriou, A.A. Energy Use Intensities for Asset Rating of Hellenic Non-Residential Buildings. Glob. J. Energy Technol. Res. Updat. 2018, 5, 19–36. [CrossRef]Vaisi, S.; Firouzi, M.; Varmazyari, P. Energy benchmarking for secondary school buildings, applying the Top-Down approach. Energy Build. 2023, 279, 112689. [CrossRef]Gul, M.S.; Patidar, S. Understanding the energy consumption and occupancy of a multi-purpose academic building. Energy Build. 2015, 87, 155–165. [CrossRef]ISO 50001:2018; Energy Management Systems—Requirements with Guidance for Use. ISO: Geneva, Switzerland, 2018.ISO 50006:2023; Energy Management Systems—Evaluating Energy Performance Using Energy Performance Indicators and Energy Baselines. ISO: Geneva, Switzerland, 2023.Batlle, E.A.O.; Palacio, J.C.E.; Lora, E.E.S.; Reyes, A.M.M.; Moreno, M.M.; Morejon, M.B. A methodology to estimate baseline energy use and quantify savings in electrical energy consumption in higher education institution buildings: Case study, Federal University of Itajubá (UNIFEI). J. Clean. Prod. 2020, 244, 118551. [CrossRef]Almeida, A.P.; Sousa, V.; Silva, C.M. Methodology for estimating energy and water consumption patterns in university buildings: Case study, Federal University of Roraima (UFRR). Heliyon 2021, 7, 187–199. [CrossRef]Emil, F.; Diab, A. Energy rationalization for an educational building in Egypt: Towards a zero energy building. J. Build. Eng. 2021, 44, 103247. [CrossRef]Mackenzie, L. Some implications of the neoliberal massification of Colombian HE for achieving the sustainable development goals. Policy Futur. Educ. 2023, 22, 14782103231186846. [CrossRef]Surendran, V.M.; Irulappan, C.; Jeyasingh, V.; Ramalingam, V. Thermal Performance Assessment of Envelope Retrofits for Existing School Buildings in a Hot–Humid Climate: A Case Study in Chennai, India. Buildings 2023, 13, 1103. [CrossRef]Kathiravel, R.; Zhu, S.; Feng, H. LCA of net-zero energy residential buildings with different HVAC systems across Canadian climates: A BIM-based fuzzy approach. Energy Build. 2024, 306, 113905. [CrossRef]Huang, H.; Wang, H.; Hu, Y.J.; Li, C.; Wang, X. The development trends of existing building energy conservation and emission reduction—A comprehensive review. Energy Rep. 2022, 8, 13170–13188. [CrossRef]Wu, R.; Sansavini, G. Integrating reliability and resilience to support the transition from passive distribution grids to islanding microgrids. Appl. Energy 2020, 272, 115254. [CrossRef]Hajian, H.; Pylsy, P.; Simson, R.; Ahmed, K.; Sankelo, P.; Mikola, A.; Kurnitski, J. Finnish energy renovation subsidies in multifamily apartment buildings: Lessons learnt and best practices. Energy Build. 2024, 307, 113986. [CrossRef]Asim, N.; Badiei, M.; Mohammad, M.; Razali, H.; Rajabi, A.; Chin Haw, L.; Jameelah Ghazali, M. Sustainability of Heating, Ventilation and Air-Conditioning (HVAC) Systems in Buildings—An Overview. Int. J. Environ. Res. Public Health 2022, 19, 1016. [CrossRef] [PubMed]Rahif, R.; Hamdy, M.; Homaei, S.; Zhang, C.; Holzer, P.; Attia, S. Simulation-based framework to evaluate resistivity of cooling strategies in buildings against overheating impact of climate change. Build. Environ. 2022, 208, 108599. [CrossRef]Wintaco, P.M.; Tellez, S.; Prias, O. End-use energy indicator approach to improve energy performance at the National University of Colombia-Bogotá, under the parameters of the ISO 50001 standard. Trans. Energy Syst. Eng. Appl. 2022, 3, 254–271.Castrillón, R. Herramientas de Gestión Energética para el Desarrollo Sostenible en Edificios Aplicado a un Campus Universitario en Colombia; Universidad de Valladolid: Valladolid, Spain, 2021Zhang, M.; Gao, Y. Time of emergence in climate extremes corresponding to Köppen-Geiger classification. Weather Clim. Extrem. 2023, 41, 100593. [CrossRef]Balbis-Morejón, M. Análisis Multicriterio para la Selección de Sistemas de Climatización en Edificaciones en Zonas de Clima Cálido y Húmedo en Colombia; Universidad Pontificia Bolivariana: Medellín, Colombia, 2022.Design Builder Software Ltd. DesingBuilder; Design Builder Software Ltd.: Les Stroud, UK, 2018. Available online: https://www. designbuilder-lat.com/ (accessed on 1 March 2024).IFC. Guía de Construcción Sostenible Para el Ahorro de Agua y Energía en Edificaciones; no. 1; Bogotá, D.C., Ed.; IFC: Washington, DC, USA, 2013; p. 89.Rey Martínez, F.J.; Velasco Gómez, E.; Rey Hernández, J.M.; San José Alonso, J.F.; Tejero González, A.; Esquivias Fernández, P.M. Diseño y Gestión de Edificios de Consumo de Energía Casi Nulo; Parainfo: Madrid, Spain, 2020; pp. 30–33.Balbis-Morejón, M.; Cabello-Eras, J.J.; Rey-Hernández, J.M.; Rey-Martínez, F.J. Energy evaluation and energy savings analysis with the 2 selection of ac systems in an educational building. Sustainability 2021, 13, 7527. 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[CrossRef]161174614Air conditioning systemsEducational buildingEnergy performance index (EnPI)Energy simulationLife cycle cost (LCC)Energy performancePublicationORIGINALEnergy Performance of a University Building for Different Air Conditioning (AC) Technologies A Case Study.pdfEnergy Performance of a University Building for Different Air Conditioning (AC) Technologies A Case Study.pdfapplication/pdf4100509https://repositorio.cuc.edu.co/bitstreams/f57b3b0e-a3a9-4677-aab9-d4fa39c527f6/download977eb22b540411a027a08ec3a8c2f383MD51LICENSElicense.txtlicense.txttext/plain; charset=utf-815543https://repositorio.cuc.edu.co/bitstreams/65dda851-f82a-43c0-a677-7995381da13e/download73a5432e0b76442b22b026844140d683MD52TEXTEnergy Performance of a University Building for Different Air Conditioning (AC) Technologies A Case Study.pdf.txtEnergy Performance of a University Building for Different Air Conditioning (AC) Technologies A Case Study.pdf.txtExtracted 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ara ejercer estos derechos sobre la Obra tal y como se indica a continuación:</p>
    <ol type="a">
      <li>Reproducir la Obra, incorporar la Obra en una o más Obras Colectivas, y reproducir la Obra incorporada en las Obras Colectivas.</li>
      <li>Distribuir copias o fonogramas de las Obras, exhibirlas públicamente, ejecutarlas públicamente y/o ponerlas a disposición pública, incluyéndolas como incorporadas en Obras Colectivas, según corresponda.</li>
      <li>Distribuir copias de las Obras Derivadas que se generen, exhibirlas públicamente, ejecutarlas públicamente y/o ponerlas a disposición pública.</li>
    </ol>
    <p>Los derechos mencionados anteriormente pueden ser ejercidos en todos los medios y formatos, actualmente conocidos o que se inventen en el futuro. Los derechos antes mencionados incluyen el derecho a realizar dichas modificaciones en la medida que sean técnicamente necesarias para ejercer los derechos en otro medio o formatos, pero de otra manera usted no está autorizado para realizar obras derivadas. Todos los derechos no otorgados expresamente por el Licenciante quedan por este medio reservados, incluyendo pero sin limitarse a aquellos que se mencionan en las secciones 4(d) y 4(e).</p>
  </li>
  <br/>
  <li>
    Restricciones.
    <p>La licencia otorgada en la anterior Sección 3 está expresamente sujeta y limitada por las siguientes restricciones:</p>
    <ol type="a">
      <li>Usted puede distribuir, exhibir públicamente, ejecutar públicamente, o poner a disposición pública la Obra sólo bajo las condiciones de esta Licencia, y Usted debe incluir una copia de esta licencia o del Identificador Universal de Recursos de la misma con cada copia de la Obra que distribuya, exhiba públicamente, ejecute públicamente o ponga a disposición pública. No es posible ofrecer o imponer ninguna condición sobre la Obra que altere o limite las condiciones de esta Licencia o el ejercicio de los derechos de los destinatarios otorgados en este documento. No es posible sublicenciar la Obra. Usted debe mantener intactos todos los avisos que hagan referencia a esta Licencia y a la cláusula de limitación de garantías. Usted no puede distribuir, exhibir públicamente, ejecutar públicamente, o poner a disposición pública la Obra con alguna medida tecnológica que controle el acceso o la utilización de ella de una forma que sea inconsistente con las condiciones de esta Licencia. Lo anterior se aplica a la Obra incorporada a una Obra Colectiva, pero esto no exige que la Obra Colectiva aparte de la obra misma quede sujeta a las condiciones de esta Licencia. Si Usted crea una Obra Colectiva, previo aviso de cualquier Licenciante debe, en la medida de lo posible, eliminar de la Obra Colectiva cualquier referencia a dicho Licenciante o al Autor Original, según lo solicitado por el Licenciante y conforme lo exige la cláusula 4(c).</li>
      <li>Usted no puede ejercer ninguno de los derechos que le han sido otorgados en la Sección 3 precedente de modo que estén principalmente destinados o directamente dirigidos a conseguir un provecho comercial o una compensación monetaria privada. El intercambio de la Obra por otras obras protegidas por derechos de autor, ya sea a través de un sistema para compartir archivos digitales (digital file-sharing) o de cualquier otra manera no será considerado como estar destinado principalmente o dirigido directamente a conseguir un provecho comercial o una compensación monetaria privada, siempre que no se realice un pago mediante una compensación monetaria en relación con el intercambio de obras protegidas por el derecho de autor.</li>
      <li>Si usted distribuye, exhibe públicamente, ejecuta públicamente o ejecuta públicamente en forma digital la Obra o cualquier Obra Derivada u Obra Colectiva, Usted debe mantener intacta toda la información de derecho de autor de la Obra y proporcionar, de forma razonable según el medio o manera que Usted esté utilizando: (i) el nombre del Autor Original si está provisto (o seudónimo, si fuere aplicable), y/o (ii) el nombre de la parte o las partes que el Autor Original y/o el Licenciante hubieren designado para la atribución (v.g., un instituto patrocinador, editorial, publicación) en la información de los derechos de autor del Licenciante, términos de servicios o de otras formas razonables; el título de la Obra si está provisto; en la medida de lo razonablemente factible y, si está provisto, el Identificador Uniforme de Recursos (Uniform Resource Identifier) que el Licenciante especifica para ser asociado con la Obra, salvo que tal URI no se refiera a la nota sobre los derechos de autor o a la información sobre el licenciamiento de la Obra; y en el caso de una Obra Derivada, atribuir el crédito identificando el uso de la Obra en la Obra Derivada (v.g., "Traducción Francesa de la Obra del Autor Original," o "Guión Cinematográfico basado en la Obra original del Autor Original"). Tal crédito puede ser implementado de cualquier forma razonable; en el caso, sin embargo, de Obras Derivadas u Obras Colectivas, tal crédito aparecerá, como mínimo, donde aparece el crédito de cualquier otro autor comparable y de una manera, al menos, tan destacada como el crédito de otro autor comparable.</li>
      <li>
        Para evitar toda confusión, el Licenciante aclara que, cuando la obra es una composición musical:
        <ol type="i">
          <li>Regalías por interpretación y ejecución bajo licencias generales. El Licenciante se reserva el derecho exclusivo de autorizar la ejecución pública o la ejecución pública digital de la obra y de recolectar, sea individualmente o a través de una sociedad de gestión colectiva de derechos de autor y derechos conexos (por ejemplo, SAYCO), las regalías por la ejecución pública o por la ejecución pública digital de la obra (por ejemplo Webcast) licenciada bajo licencias generales, si la interpretación o ejecución de la obra está primordialmente orientada por o dirigida a la obtención de una ventaja comercial o una compensación monetaria privada.</li>
          <li>Regalías por Fonogramas. El Licenciante se reserva el derecho exclusivo de recolectar, individualmente o a través de una sociedad de gestión colectiva de derechos de autor y derechos conexos (por ejemplo, los consagrados por la SAYCO), una agencia de derechos musicales o algún agente designado, las regalías por cualquier fonograma que Usted cree a partir de la obra (“versión cover”) y distribuya, en los términos del régimen de derechos de autor, si la creación o distribución de esa versión cover está primordialmente destinada o dirigida a obtener una ventaja comercial o una compensación monetaria privada.</li>
        </ol>
      </li>
      <li>Gestión de Derechos de Autor sobre Interpretaciones y Ejecuciones Digitales (WebCasting). Para evitar toda confusión, el Licenciante aclara que, cuando la obra sea un fonograma, el Licenciante se reserva el derecho exclusivo de autorizar la ejecución pública digital de la obra (por ejemplo, webcast) y de recolectar, individualmente o a través de una sociedad de gestión colectiva de derechos de autor y derechos conexos (por ejemplo, ACINPRO), las regalías por la ejecución pública digital de la obra (por ejemplo, webcast), sujeta a las disposiciones aplicables del régimen de Derecho de Autor, si esta ejecución pública digital está primordialmente dirigida a obtener una ventaja comercial o una compensación monetaria privada.</li>
    </ol>
  </li>
  <br/>
  <li>
    Representaciones, Garantías y Limitaciones de Responsabilidad.
    <p>A MENOS QUE LAS PARTES LO ACORDARAN DE OTRA FORMA POR ESCRITO, EL LICENCIANTE OFRECE LA OBRA (EN EL ESTADO EN EL QUE SE ENCUENTRA) “TAL CUAL”, SIN BRINDAR GARANTÍAS DE CLASE ALGUNA RESPECTO DE LA OBRA, YA SEA EXPRESA, IMPLÍCITA, LEGAL O CUALQUIERA OTRA, INCLUYENDO, SIN LIMITARSE A ELLAS, GARANTÍAS DE TITULARIDAD, COMERCIABILIDAD, ADAPTABILIDAD O ADECUACIÓN A PROPÓSITO DETERMINADO, AUSENCIA DE INFRACCIÓN, DE AUSENCIA DE DEFECTOS LATENTES O DE OTRO TIPO, O LA PRESENCIA O AUSENCIA DE ERRORES, SEAN O NO DESCUBRIBLES (PUEDAN O NO SER ESTOS DESCUBIERTOS). ALGUNAS JURISDICCIONES NO PERMITEN LA EXCLUSIÓN DE GARANTÍAS IMPLÍCITAS, EN CUYO CASO ESTA EXCLUSIÓN PUEDE NO APLICARSE A USTED.</p>
  </li>
  <br/>
  <li>
    Limitación de responsabilidad.
    <p>A MENOS QUE LO EXIJA EXPRESAMENTE LA LEY APLICABLE, EL LICENCIANTE NO SERÁ RESPONSABLE ANTE USTED POR DAÑO ALGUNO, SEA POR RESPONSABILIDAD EXTRACONTRACTUAL, PRECONTRACTUAL O CONTRACTUAL, OBJETIVA O SUBJETIVA, SE TRATE DE DAÑOS MORALES O PATRIMONIALES, DIRECTOS O INDIRECTOS, PREVISTOS O IMPREVISTOS PRODUCIDOS POR EL USO DE ESTA LICENCIA O DE LA OBRA, AUN CUANDO EL LICENCIANTE HAYA SIDO ADVERTIDO DE LA POSIBILIDAD DE DICHOS DAÑOS. ALGUNAS LEYES NO PERMITEN LA EXCLUSIÓN DE CIERTA RESPONSABILIDAD, EN CUYO CASO ESTA EXCLUSIÓN PUEDE NO APLICARSE A USTED.</p>
  </li>
  <br/>
  <li>
    Término.
    <ol type="a">
      <li>Esta Licencia y los derechos otorgados en virtud de ella terminarán automáticamente si Usted infringe alguna condición establecida en ella. Sin embargo, los individuos o entidades que han recibido Obras Derivadas o Colectivas de Usted de conformidad con esta Licencia, no verán terminadas sus licencias, siempre que estos individuos o entidades sigan cumpliendo íntegramente las condiciones de estas licencias. Las Secciones 1, 2, 5, 6, 7, y 8 subsistirán a cualquier terminación de esta Licencia.</li>
      <li>Sujeta a las condiciones y términos anteriores, la licencia otorgada aquí es perpetua (durante el período de vigencia de los derechos de autor de la obra). No obstante lo anterior, el Licenciante se reserva el derecho a publicar y/o estrenar la Obra bajo condiciones de licencia diferentes o a dejar de distribuirla en los términos de esta Licencia en cualquier momento; en el entendido, sin embargo, que esa elección no servirá para revocar esta licencia o que deba ser otorgada , bajo los términos de esta licencia), y esta licencia continuará en pleno vigor y efecto a menos que sea terminada como se expresa atrás. La Licencia revocada continuará siendo plenamente vigente y efectiva si no se le da término en las condiciones indicadas anteriormente.</li>
    </ol>
  </li>
  <br/>
  <li>
    Varios.
    <ol type="a">
      <li>Cada vez que Usted distribuya o ponga a disposición pública la Obra o una Obra Colectiva, el Licenciante ofrecerá al destinatario una licencia en los mismos términos y condiciones que la licencia otorgada a Usted bajo esta Licencia.</li>
      <li>Si alguna disposición de esta Licencia resulta invalidada o no exigible, según la legislación vigente, esto no afectará ni la validez ni la aplicabilidad del resto de condiciones de esta Licencia y, sin acción adicional por parte de los sujetos de este acuerdo, aquélla se entenderá reformada lo mínimo necesario para hacer que dicha disposición sea válida y exigible.</li>
      <li>Ningún término o disposición de esta Licencia se estimará renunciada y ninguna violación de ella será consentida a menos que esa renuncia o consentimiento sea otorgado por escrito y firmado por la parte que renuncie o consienta.</li>
      <li>Esta Licencia refleja el acuerdo pleno entre las partes respecto a la Obra aquí licenciada. No hay arreglos, acuerdos o declaraciones respecto a la Obra que no estén especificados en este documento. El Licenciante no se verá limitado por ninguna disposición adicional que pueda surgir en alguna comunicación emanada de Usted. Esta Licencia no puede ser modificada sin el consentimiento mutuo por escrito del Licenciante y Usted.</li>
    </ol>
  </li>
  <br/>
</ol>
 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