Optimización del desempeño energético de un intercambiador de calor para aumentar la eficiencia de conversión de un generador termoeléctrico aplicado a un motor diésel estacionario

La recuperación de calor residual es una de las principales estrategias para minimizar el desperdicio de energía en los motores de combustión interna. Debido a lo anterior, en la presente investigación se evaluaron distintos diseños de intercambiadores de calor (ICs) reportados en la literatura. En...

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Autores:
Ramírez Restrepo, Rafael Antonio
Tipo de recurso:
Doctoral thesis
Fecha de publicación:
2022
Institución:
Corporación Universidad de la Costa
Repositorio:
REDICUC - Repositorio CUC
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OAI Identifier:
oai:repositorio.cuc.edu.co:11323/9671
Acceso en línea:
https://hdl.handle.net/11323/9671
https://repositorio.cuc.edu.co/
Palabra clave:
Intercambiador de calor
Módulo termoeléctrico
Generador termoeléctrico
Simulación CFD
Heat exchanger
Thermoelectric module
Thermoelectric generator
CFD simulation
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openAccess
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Atribución-NoComercial-CompartirIgual 4.0 Internacional (CC BY-NC-SA 4.0)
id RCUC2_80b7f6895fee8eaaf6fe0a58abd220c0
oai_identifier_str oai:repositorio.cuc.edu.co:11323/9671
network_acronym_str RCUC2
network_name_str REDICUC - Repositorio CUC
repository_id_str
dc.title.spa.fl_str_mv Optimización del desempeño energético de un intercambiador de calor para aumentar la eficiencia de conversión de un generador termoeléctrico aplicado a un motor diésel estacionario
title Optimización del desempeño energético de un intercambiador de calor para aumentar la eficiencia de conversión de un generador termoeléctrico aplicado a un motor diésel estacionario
spellingShingle Optimización del desempeño energético de un intercambiador de calor para aumentar la eficiencia de conversión de un generador termoeléctrico aplicado a un motor diésel estacionario
Intercambiador de calor
Módulo termoeléctrico
Generador termoeléctrico
Simulación CFD
Heat exchanger
Thermoelectric module
Thermoelectric generator
CFD simulation
title_short Optimización del desempeño energético de un intercambiador de calor para aumentar la eficiencia de conversión de un generador termoeléctrico aplicado a un motor diésel estacionario
title_full Optimización del desempeño energético de un intercambiador de calor para aumentar la eficiencia de conversión de un generador termoeléctrico aplicado a un motor diésel estacionario
title_fullStr Optimización del desempeño energético de un intercambiador de calor para aumentar la eficiencia de conversión de un generador termoeléctrico aplicado a un motor diésel estacionario
title_full_unstemmed Optimización del desempeño energético de un intercambiador de calor para aumentar la eficiencia de conversión de un generador termoeléctrico aplicado a un motor diésel estacionario
title_sort Optimización del desempeño energético de un intercambiador de calor para aumentar la eficiencia de conversión de un generador termoeléctrico aplicado a un motor diésel estacionario
dc.creator.fl_str_mv Ramírez Restrepo, Rafael Antonio
dc.contributor.advisor.none.fl_str_mv Sagastume Gutierrez, Alexis
Duarte Forero, Jorge Eliecer
dc.contributor.author.none.fl_str_mv Ramírez Restrepo, Rafael Antonio
dc.contributor.jury.none.fl_str_mv Amaris Castilla, Carlos
Tovar Ospino, Iván
dc.subject.proposal.spa.fl_str_mv Intercambiador de calor
Módulo termoeléctrico
Generador termoeléctrico
Simulación CFD
topic Intercambiador de calor
Módulo termoeléctrico
Generador termoeléctrico
Simulación CFD
Heat exchanger
Thermoelectric module
Thermoelectric generator
CFD simulation
dc.subject.proposal.eng.fl_str_mv Heat exchanger
Thermoelectric module
Thermoelectric generator
CFD simulation
description La recuperación de calor residual es una de las principales estrategias para minimizar el desperdicio de energía en los motores de combustión interna. Debido a lo anterior, en la presente investigación se evaluaron distintos diseños de intercambiadores de calor (ICs) reportados en la literatura. En este caso, los ICs se clasifican en: IC de aleta rectangular, IC de dientes e IC hexagonales. El incremento en los niveles de velocidad de rotación, torque y porcentaje de biodiésel permite un aumento en la potencia recuperada en el TEG. El uso del TEG en los motores de combustión interna implica una disminución en el consumo de combustible, lo cual provoca una reducción de emisiones contaminantes. El proceso de optimización del IC de aleta rectangular alternativa II (ver Figura 4.4), permitió alcanzar una eficiencia máxima del 5% en el TEG, lo que representa una mejora relativa del 56% comparado con la eficiencia máxima del 3.2% reportada en la literatura. El enfoque de investigación utilizado en este estudio permitió identificar la geometría de IC más adecuada para el TEG analizado. La investigación realizada contribuye a acelerar el desarrollo de esta tecnología para su futura expansión en el sector automotriz y otros sectores de la industria y el comercio. Adicionalmente, al mejorar la capacidad de recuperación de la energía térmica de los gases de escape en los motores de combustión interna (MCI) mediante el uso de los ICs optimizados permite la reducción de emisiones como el CO2, CO, HC y NOx. Lo anterior, es una consecuencia directa de la menor necesidad de usar parte de la energía del combustible en la alimentación de sistemas auxiliares del motor, los cuales podrían funcionar a partir de la energía recuperada de los gases de escape. El desarrollo del TEG más eficiente permitirá considerar nuevos enfoques para integrar sistemas con el propósito mejorar la eficiencia de los MCI, como los generadores de hidrógeno.
publishDate 2022
dc.date.accessioned.none.fl_str_mv 2022-12-12T20:45:24Z
dc.date.available.none.fl_str_mv 2022-12-12T20:45:24Z
dc.date.issued.none.fl_str_mv 2022
dc.type.spa.fl_str_mv Trabajo de grado - Doctorado
dc.type.coar.spa.fl_str_mv http://purl.org/coar/resource_type/c_db06
dc.type.content.spa.fl_str_mv Text
dc.type.driver.spa.fl_str_mv info:eu-repo/semantics/doctoralThesis
dc.type.redcol.spa.fl_str_mv http://purl.org/redcol/resource_type/TD
dc.type.version.spa.fl_str_mv info:eu-repo/semantics/acceptedVersion
format http://purl.org/coar/resource_type/c_db06
status_str acceptedVersion
dc.identifier.uri.none.fl_str_mv https://hdl.handle.net/11323/9671
dc.identifier.instname.spa.fl_str_mv Corporación Universidad de la Costa
dc.identifier.reponame.spa.fl_str_mv REDICUC - Repositorio CUC
dc.identifier.repourl.spa.fl_str_mv https://repositorio.cuc.edu.co/
url https://hdl.handle.net/11323/9671
https://repositorio.cuc.edu.co/
identifier_str_mv Corporación Universidad de la Costa
REDICUC - Repositorio CUC
dc.language.iso.spa.fl_str_mv other
language_invalid_str_mv other
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spelling Atribución-NoComercial-CompartirIgual 4.0 Internacional (CC BY-NC-SA 4.0)https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/4.0/info:eu-repo/semantics/openAccesshttp://purl.org/coar/access_right/c_abf2Sagastume Gutierrez, AlexisDuarte Forero, Jorge EliecerRamírez Restrepo, Rafael AntonioAmaris Castilla, CarlosTovar Ospino, Iván2022-12-12T20:45:24Z2022-12-12T20:45:24Z2022https://hdl.handle.net/11323/9671Corporación Universidad de la CostaREDICUC - Repositorio CUChttps://repositorio.cuc.edu.co/La recuperación de calor residual es una de las principales estrategias para minimizar el desperdicio de energía en los motores de combustión interna. Debido a lo anterior, en la presente investigación se evaluaron distintos diseños de intercambiadores de calor (ICs) reportados en la literatura. En este caso, los ICs se clasifican en: IC de aleta rectangular, IC de dientes e IC hexagonales. El incremento en los niveles de velocidad de rotación, torque y porcentaje de biodiésel permite un aumento en la potencia recuperada en el TEG. El uso del TEG en los motores de combustión interna implica una disminución en el consumo de combustible, lo cual provoca una reducción de emisiones contaminantes. El proceso de optimización del IC de aleta rectangular alternativa II (ver Figura 4.4), permitió alcanzar una eficiencia máxima del 5% en el TEG, lo que representa una mejora relativa del 56% comparado con la eficiencia máxima del 3.2% reportada en la literatura. El enfoque de investigación utilizado en este estudio permitió identificar la geometría de IC más adecuada para el TEG analizado. La investigación realizada contribuye a acelerar el desarrollo de esta tecnología para su futura expansión en el sector automotriz y otros sectores de la industria y el comercio. Adicionalmente, al mejorar la capacidad de recuperación de la energía térmica de los gases de escape en los motores de combustión interna (MCI) mediante el uso de los ICs optimizados permite la reducción de emisiones como el CO2, CO, HC y NOx. Lo anterior, es una consecuencia directa de la menor necesidad de usar parte de la energía del combustible en la alimentación de sistemas auxiliares del motor, los cuales podrían funcionar a partir de la energía recuperada de los gases de escape. El desarrollo del TEG más eficiente permitirá considerar nuevos enfoques para integrar sistemas con el propósito mejorar la eficiencia de los MCI, como los generadores de hidrógeno.Waste heat recovery is one of the main strategies to minimize energy waste in internal combustion engines. Due to the above, different heat exchanger (HE) designs reported in the literature were evaluated in this research. In this case, the HEs are classified into: rectangular fin HEs, tooth HEs and hexagonal HEs. The increase in the levels of rotational speed, torque and percentage of biodiesel allows an increase in the power recovered in the TEG. The use of TEG in internal combustion engines implies a decrease in fuel consumption, which leads to a reduction in pollutant emissions. The optimization process of the alternative II rectangular fin HE (see Figura4.4), allowed reaching a maximum efficiency of 5% in the TEG, which represents a relative improvement of 56% compared to the maximum efficiency of 3.2% reported in the literature. The research approach used in this study made it possible to identify the most suitable HE geometry for the TEG analyzed. The research conducted contributes to accelerate the development of this technology for future expansion in the automotive and other industrial and commercial sectors. Additionally, by improving the thermal energy recovery capacity of exhaust gases in internal combustion engines (ICEs) through the use of optimized HEs, it allows the reduction of emissions such as CO2, CO, HC and NOx. This is a direct consequence of the reduced need to use part of the fuel energy to power auxiliary engine systems, which could run on the energy recovered from the exhaust gases. The development of the most efficient TEG will allow consideration of new approaches to integrate systems to improve the efficiency of ICEs, such as hydrogen generators.LISTA DE FIGURAS Y TABLAS 12 -- INTRODUCCIÓN 21 -- 1. PROYECTO DE INVESTIGACIÓN 22 -- 1.1. Estado actual de la problemática 22 – 1.2. Planteamiento del problema 27 – 1.3. Justificación 28 – 1.4. Hipótesis 29 -- 1.5. Objetivos 29 -- 1.5.1. Objetivo General 29 -- 1.5.2. Objetivos Específicos 29 -- 1.6. Metodología del proyecto de investigación 30 -- 2. MARCO TEÓRICO 35 -- 2.1. Tecnologías de recuperación del calor residual en motores de combustión interna 35 -- 2.1.1. Turbocompresor 35 -- 2.1.2. Ciclo orgánico Rankine 36 -- 2.1.3. Recirculación de gases de escape 36 -- 2.1.4. Generadores termoeléctricos (TEG) 37 – 2.2. Comparación entre las tecnologías de recuperación del calor residual 38 -- 2.3. Dinámica de fluidos computacional (CFD) 39 -- 2.3.1. Modelos de turbulencia en CFD 40 -- 2.3.1.1. Modelo estándar − 41 -- 2.3.1.2. Modelo RNG − 44 -- 2.3.1.3. Modelo realizable – 45 -- 2.4. Intercambiadores de calor utilizados en dispositivos TEG 47 -- 2.4.1. Intercambiador de calor de Carcasa y tubo 47 -- 2.4.2. Intercambiador de calor tipo silenciador 48 -- 2.4.3. Intercambiador de calor de tubos de calor 49 -- 2.4.4. Intercambiador de calor de estructura interna porosa 49 – 2.4.5. Intercambiador de calor de forma de conducto 50 -- 2.5. Comparación entre los diferentes diseños de IC 50 -- 3. MATERIALES Y MÉTODOS 52 -- 3.1. Desarrollo metodológico de modelos CFD 52 -- 3.2. Banco experimental 54 -- 3.3. Metodología experimental 58 -- 3.4. Análisis de incertidumbre 60 -- 4. ANÁLISIS DE RESULTADOS EXPERIMENTALES Y CFD 62 -- 4.1. Resultados experimentales 62 -- 4.1.1. Temperatura superficial 62 -- 4.1.2. Caída de presión 63 -- 4.1.3. Análisis de la eficiencia del TEG 63 -- 4.1.4. Análisis de varianza de los ensayos experimentales 65 -- 4.2. Geometría de los intercambiadores de calor 70 -- 4.3. Generación del mallado 75 -- 4.4. Condiciones de frontera 76 -- 4.5. Resultados de simulación 79 -- 4.5.1. Análisis de perfil de temperatura superficial y presión. 79 -- 4.5.2. Análisis de las características termodinámicas 82 -- 4.5.3. Análisis del potencial de recuperación energética 89 -- 5. OPTIMIZACIÓN DEL INTERCAMBIADOR DE CALOR 92 -- 5.1. Consideraciones de rediseño 92 -- 5.2. Análisis de la influencia de los parámetros geométricos (S) y (θ) 94 -- 6. CONCLUSIONES 111 -- 7. RECOMENDACIONES 113 -- 8. REFERENCIAS 114 -- 9. ANEXOS 122 -- 9.1. Configuración de corridas experimentales 122 -- 9.2. Cálculos relacionados con la Tabla 4.2 124 -- 9.3. Alternativas geométricas del IC de forma de conducto 126 -- 9.4. Cálculos relacionados con la Tabla 4.11 134 -- 9.5. Modificaciones geométricas del IC aleta rectangular – alternativa II 135 -- 9.6. Consideraciones de los parámetros geométricos (S) y (θ) 144 -- 9.7. Cálculos relacionados con la Figura 5.4 145 -- 9.8. Calculó de los coeficientes del modelo de regresión 145 -- 9.9. Cálculos relacionados con las conclusiones 146 -- 9.10. 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ada en las Obras Colectivas.

b.	Distribuir copias o fonogramas de las Obras, exhibirlas públicamente, ejecutarlas públicamente y/o ponerlas a disposición pública, incluyéndolas como incorporadas en Obras Colectivas, según corresponda.

c.	Distribuir copias de las Obras Derivadas que se generen, exhibirlas públicamente, ejecutarlas públicamente y/o ponerlas a disposición pública.
Los derechos mencionados anteriormente pueden ser ejercidos en todos los medios y formatos, actualmente conocidos o que se inventen en el futuro. Los derechos antes mencionados incluyen el derecho a realizar dichas modificaciones en la medida que sean técnicamente necesarias para ejercer los derechos en otro medio o formatos, pero de otra manera usted no está autorizado para realizar obras derivadas. Todos los derechos no otorgados expresamente por el Licenciante quedan por este medio reservados, incluyendo pero sin limitarse a aquellos que se mencionan en las secciones 4(d) y 4(e).

4. Restricciones.
La licencia otorgada en la anterior Sección 3 está expresamente sujeta y limitada por las siguientes restricciones:

a.	Usted puede distribuir, exhibir públicamente, ejecutar públicamente, o poner a disposición pública la Obra sólo bajo las condiciones de esta Licencia, y Usted debe incluir una copia de esta licencia o del Identificador Universal de Recursos de la misma con cada copia de la Obra que distribuya, exhiba públicamente, ejecute públicamente o ponga a disposición pública. No es posible ofrecer o imponer ninguna condición sobre la Obra que altere o limite las condiciones de esta Licencia o el ejercicio de los derechos de los destinatarios otorgados en este documento. No es posible sublicenciar la Obra. Usted debe mantener intactos todos los avisos que hagan referencia a esta Licencia y a la cláusula de limitación de garantías. Usted no puede distribuir, exhibir públicamente, ejecutar públicamente, o poner a disposición pública la Obra con alguna medida tecnológica que controle el acceso o la utilización de ella de una forma que sea inconsistente con las condiciones de esta Licencia. Lo anterior se aplica a la Obra incorporada a una Obra Colectiva, pero esto no exige que la Obra Colectiva aparte de la obra misma quede sujeta a las condiciones de esta Licencia. Si Usted crea una Obra Colectiva, previo aviso de cualquier Licenciante debe, en la medida de lo posible, eliminar de la Obra Colectiva cualquier referencia a dicho Licenciante o al Autor Original, según lo solicitado por el Licenciante y conforme lo exige la cláusula 4(c).

b.	Usted no puede ejercer ninguno de los derechos que le han sido otorgados en la Sección 3 precedente de modo que estén principalmente destinados o directamente dirigidos a conseguir un provecho comercial o una compensación monetaria privada. El intercambio de la Obra por otras obras protegidas por derechos de autor, ya sea a través de un sistema para compartir archivos digitales (digital file-sharing) o de cualquier otra manera no será considerado como estar destinado principalmente o dirigido directamente a conseguir un provecho comercial o una compensación monetaria privada, siempre que no se realice un pago mediante una compensación monetaria en relación con el intercambio de obras protegidas por el derecho de autor.

c.	Si usted distribuye, exhibe públicamente, ejecuta públicamente o ejecuta públicamente en forma digital la Obra o cualquier Obra Derivada u Obra Colectiva, Usted debe mantener intacta toda la información de derecho de autor de la Obra y proporcionar, de forma razonable según el medio o manera que Usted esté utilizando: (i) el nombre del Autor Original si está provisto (o seudónimo, si fuere aplicable), y/o (ii) el nombre de la parte o las partes que el Autor Original y/o el Licenciante hubieren designado para la atribución (v.g., un instituto patrocinador, editorial, publicación) en la información de los derechos de autor del Licenciante, términos de servicios o de otras formas razonables; el título de la Obra si está provisto; en la medida de lo razonablemente factible y, si está provisto, el Identificador Uniforme de Recursos (Uniform Resource Identifier) que el Licenciante especifica para ser asociado con la Obra, salvo que tal URI no se refiera a la nota sobre los derechos de autor o a la información sobre el licenciamiento de la Obra; y en el caso de una Obra Derivada, atribuir el crédito identificando el uso de la Obra en la Obra Derivada (v.g., "Traducción Francesa de la Obra del Autor Original," o "Guión Cinematográfico basado en la Obra original del Autor Original"). Tal crédito puede ser implementado de cualquier forma razonable; en el caso, sin embargo, de Obras Derivadas u Obras Colectivas, tal crédito aparecerá, como mínimo, donde aparece el crédito de cualquier otro autor comparable y de una manera, al menos, tan destacada como el crédito de otro autor comparable.

d.	Para evitar toda confusión, el Licenciante aclara que, cuando la obra es una composición musical:

i.	Regalías por interpretación y ejecución bajo licencias generales. El Licenciante se reserva el derecho exclusivo de autorizar la ejecución pública o la ejecución pública digital de la obra y de recolectar, sea individualmente o a través de una sociedad de gestión colectiva de derechos de autor y derechos conexos (por ejemplo, SAYCO), las regalías por la ejecución pública o por la ejecución pública digital de la obra (por ejemplo Webcast) licenciada bajo licencias generales, si la interpretación o ejecución de la obra está primordialmente orientada por o dirigida a la obtención de una ventaja comercial o una compensación monetaria privada.

ii.	Regalías por Fonogramas. El Licenciante se reserva el derecho exclusivo de recolectar, individualmente o a través de una sociedad de gestión colectiva de derechos de autor y derechos conexos (por ejemplo, los consagrados por la SAYCO), una agencia de derechos musicales o algún agente designado, las regalías por cualquier fonograma que Usted cree a partir de la obra (“versión cover”) y distribuya, en los términos del régimen de derechos de autor, si la creación o distribución de esa versión cover está primordialmente destinada o dirigida a obtener una ventaja comercial o una compensación monetaria privada.

e.	Gestión de Derechos de Autor sobre Interpretaciones y Ejecuciones Digitales (WebCasting). Para evitar toda confusión, el Licenciante aclara que, cuando la obra sea un fonograma, el Licenciante se reserva el derecho exclusivo de autorizar la ejecución pública digital de la obra (por ejemplo, webcast) y de recolectar, individualmente o a través de una sociedad de gestión colectiva de derechos de autor y derechos conexos (por ejemplo, ACINPRO), las regalías por la ejecución pública digital de la obra (por ejemplo, webcast), sujeta a las disposiciones aplicables del régimen de Derecho de Autor, si esta ejecución pública digital está primordialmente dirigida a obtener una ventaja comercial o una compensación monetaria privada.

5. Representaciones, Garantías y Limitaciones de Responsabilidad.
A MENOS QUE LAS PARTES LO ACORDARAN DE OTRA FORMA POR ESCRITO, EL LICENCIANTE OFRECE LA OBRA (EN EL ESTADO EN EL QUE SE ENCUENTRA) “TAL CUAL”, SIN BRINDAR GARANTÍAS DE CLASE ALGUNA RESPECTO DE LA OBRA, YA SEA EXPRESA, IMPLÍCITA, LEGAL O CUALQUIERA OTRA, INCLUYENDO, SIN LIMITARSE A ELLAS, GARANTÍAS DE TITULARIDAD, COMERCIABILIDAD, ADAPTABILIDAD O ADECUACIÓN A PROPÓSITO DETERMINADO, AUSENCIA DE INFRACCIÓN, DE AUSENCIA DE DEFECTOS LATENTES O DE OTRO TIPO, O LA PRESENCIA O AUSENCIA DE ERRORES, SEAN O NO DESCUBRIBLES (PUEDAN O NO SER ESTOS DESCUBIERTOS). ALGUNAS JURISDICCIONES NO PERMITEN LA EXCLUSIÓN DE GARANTÍAS IMPLÍCITAS, EN CUYO CASO ESTA EXCLUSIÓN PUEDE NO APLICARSE A USTED.

6. Limitación de responsabilidad.
A MENOS QUE LO EXIJA EXPRESAMENTE LA LEY APLICABLE, EL LICENCIANTE NO SERÁ RESPONSABLE ANTE USTED POR DAÑO ALGUNO, SEA POR RESPONSABILIDAD EXTRACONTRACTUAL, PRECONTRACTUAL O CONTRACTUAL, OBJETIVA O SUBJETIVA, SE TRATE DE DAÑOS MORALES O PATRIMONIALES, DIRECTOS O INDIRECTOS, PREVISTOS O IMPREVISTOS PRODUCIDOS POR EL USO DE ESTA LICENCIA O DE LA OBRA, AUN CUANDO EL LICENCIANTE HAYA SIDO ADVERTIDO DE LA POSIBILIDAD DE DICHOS DAÑOS. ALGUNAS LEYES NO PERMITEN LA EXCLUSIÓN DE CIERTA RESPONSABILIDAD, EN CUYO CASO ESTA EXCLUSIÓN PUEDE NO APLICARSE A USTED.

7. Término.

a.	Esta Licencia y los derechos otorgados en virtud de ella terminarán automáticamente si Usted infringe alguna condición establecida en ella. Sin embargo, los individuos o entidades que han recibido Obras Derivadas o Colectivas de Usted de conformidad con esta Licencia, no verán terminadas sus licencias, siempre que estos individuos o entidades sigan cumpliendo íntegramente las condiciones de estas licencias. Las Secciones 1, 2, 5, 6, 7, y 8 subsistirán a cualquier terminación de esta Licencia.

b.	Sujeta a las condiciones y términos anteriores, la licencia otorgada aquí es perpetua (durante el período de vigencia de los derechos de autor de la obra). No obstante lo anterior, el Licenciante se reserva el derecho a publicar y/o estrenar la Obra bajo condiciones de licencia diferentes o a dejar de distribuirla en los términos de esta Licencia en cualquier momento; en el entendido, sin embargo, que esa elección no servirá para revocar esta licencia o que deba ser otorgada , bajo los términos de esta licencia), y esta licencia continuará en pleno vigor y efecto a menos que sea terminada como se expresa atrás. La Licencia revocada continuará siendo plenamente vigente y efectiva si no se le da término en las condiciones indicadas anteriormente.

8. Varios.

a.	Cada vez que Usted distribuya o ponga a disposición pública la Obra o una Obra Colectiva, el Licenciante ofrecerá al destinatario una licencia en los mismos términos y condiciones que la licencia otorgada a Usted bajo esta Licencia.

b.	Si alguna disposición de esta Licencia resulta invalidada o no exigible, según la legislación vigente, esto no afectará ni la validez ni la aplicabilidad del resto de condiciones de esta Licencia y, sin acción adicional por parte de los sujetos de este acuerdo, aquélla se entenderá reformada lo mínimo necesario para hacer que dicha disposición sea válida y exigible.

c.	Ningún término o disposición de esta Licencia se estimará renunciada y ninguna violación de ella será consentida a menos que esa renuncia o consentimiento sea otorgado por escrito y firmado por la parte que renuncie o consienta.

d.	Esta Licencia refleja el acuerdo pleno entre las partes respecto a la Obra aquí licenciada. No hay arreglos, acuerdos o declaraciones respecto a la Obra que no estén especificados en este documento. El Licenciante no se verá limitado por ninguna disposición adicional que pueda surgir en alguna comunicación emanada de Usted. Esta Licencia no puede ser modificada sin el consentimiento mutuo por escrito del Licenciante y Usted.


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