Could combat stress affect journalists' news reporting? A psychophysiological response
Covering war conflicts may compromise the psychological and physical health of journalists because chronic exposure to these environments has been related to depression, memory dissociative processes, and post-traumatic stress disorder; however, acute effects have not been studied yet. Thus, a comba...
- Autores:
-
Tornero-Aguilera, José Francisco
Robles-Pérez, José Juan
Clemente-Suárez, Vicente Javier
- Tipo de recurso:
- Article of journal
- Fecha de publicación:
- 2020
- Institución:
- Corporación Universidad de la Costa
- Repositorio:
- REDICUC - Repositorio CUC
- Idioma:
- eng
- OAI Identifier:
- oai:repositorio.cuc.edu.co:11323/7805
- Acceso en línea:
- https://hdl.handle.net/11323/7805
https://repositorio.cuc.edu.co/
- Palabra clave:
- Anxiety
Cortical arousal
Embedded journalism
Soldiers
Stress
- Rights
- openAccess
- License
- Attribution-NonCommercial-NoDerivatives 4.0 International
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Could combat stress affect journalists' news reporting? A psychophysiological response |
| title |
Could combat stress affect journalists' news reporting? A psychophysiological response |
| spellingShingle |
Could combat stress affect journalists' news reporting? A psychophysiological response Anxiety Cortical arousal Embedded journalism Soldiers Stress |
| title_short |
Could combat stress affect journalists' news reporting? A psychophysiological response |
| title_full |
Could combat stress affect journalists' news reporting? A psychophysiological response |
| title_fullStr |
Could combat stress affect journalists' news reporting? A psychophysiological response |
| title_full_unstemmed |
Could combat stress affect journalists' news reporting? A psychophysiological response |
| title_sort |
Could combat stress affect journalists' news reporting? A psychophysiological response |
| dc.creator.fl_str_mv |
Tornero-Aguilera, José Francisco Robles-Pérez, José Juan Clemente-Suárez, Vicente Javier |
| dc.contributor.author.spa.fl_str_mv |
Tornero-Aguilera, José Francisco Robles-Pérez, José Juan Clemente-Suárez, Vicente Javier |
| dc.subject.spa.fl_str_mv |
Anxiety Cortical arousal Embedded journalism Soldiers Stress |
| topic |
Anxiety Cortical arousal Embedded journalism Soldiers Stress |
| description |
Covering war conflicts may compromise the psychological and physical health of journalists because chronic exposure to these environments has been related to depression, memory dissociative processes, and post-traumatic stress disorder; however, acute effects have not been studied yet. Thus, a combat simulation was carried out replicating actual warfare scenarios, including personnel and equipment. Psychophysiological response, memory, and information-processing were analysed of 40 professional soldiers (21 males and 19 females) and 19 journalists (12 males and 7 females) with international experience in current conflict areas such as Afghanistan, Iraq, Bosnia and Herzegovina, and Kosovo, in relation to their experience of a combat intervention. A significant increase (p < 0.05) in metabolic, muscular, cardiovascular, and cortical and psychological anxiety response, as well as a decrease in memory accuracy directly after and 24 h and 72 h post-combat were found; these modifications were modulated by the nature of the stimulus. Journalists presented higher cognitive and memory impairment than soldiers, resulting in a press reporting of real events accuracy of only 27%. |
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2020 |
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2020 |
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2021-01-29T21:08:50Z |
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2021-01-29T21:08:50Z |
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10.1007/s10484-020-09473-0 |
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Corporación Universidad de la Costa |
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eng |
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Aguilera, J. F. T., Elias, V. F., & Clemente-Suárez, V. J. (2020). Autonomic and cortical response of soldiers in different combat scenarios. BMJ Military Health. Bremmer, J. (2005). Effects of traumatic stress on brain structure and function: Relevance to early responses to trauma. Journal of Trauma and Dissociation, 6, 51–68. Carlson, M. (2006). War journalism and the “KIA journalist”: The cases of David Bloom and Michael Kelly. Critical Studies in Media Communication, 23(2), 91–111. Clemente-Suarez, V. J., Palomera, P. R., & Robles-Pérez, J. J. (2018). Psychophysiological response to acute-high-stress combat situations in professional soldiers. Stress and Health, 34(2), 247–252. Clemente-Suarez, V. J., & Robles-Pérez, J. J. (2015). Acute effects of caffeine supplementation on cortical arousal, anxiety, physiological response and marksmanship in close quarter combat. Ergonomics, 58(11), 1842–1850. Clemente-Suarez, V. J., Robles-Pérez, J. J., & Fernández-Lucas, J. (2017). Psychophysiological response in parachute jumps, the effect of experience and type of jump. Physiology & behavior, 179, 178–183. Delgado-Moreno, R., Robles-Pérez, J. J., Aznar, S., & Clemente-Suarez, V. J. (2018). Inalambric biofeedback devices to analyze strength manifestation in military population. Journal of Medical Systems, 42(4), 60. Delgado-Moreno, R., Robles-Pérez, J. J., Aznar-Laín, S., & Clemente-Suárez, V. J. (2019). Effect of experience and psychophysiological modification by combat stress in soldier’s memory. Journal of Medical Systems, 43(6), 150. Delgado-Moreno, R., Robles-Pérez, J. J., & Clemente-Suárez, V. J. (2017). Combat stress decreases memory of warfighters in action. Journal of medical systems, 41(8), 124. Dworznik, G. (2018). Personal and organizational predictors of compassion fatigue symptoms in local television journalists. Journalism Practice, 12(5), 640–656. Egloff, B., Schmukle, S. C., Burns, L. R., & Schwerdtfeger, A. (2006). Spontaneous emotion regulation during evaluated speaking tasks: associations with negative affect, anxiety expression, memory, and physiological responding. Emotion, 6(3), 356. Feinstein, A. (2006). Journalists under fire: The psychological hazards of covering war. Baltimore: JHU Press. Feinstein, A., & Nicolson, D. (2005). Embedded journalists in the Iraq war: Are they at greater psychological risk? Journal of Traumatic Stress, 18(2), 129–132. Feinstein, A., Osmann, J., & Patel, V. (2018). Symptoms of PTSD in frontline journalists: A retrospective examination of 18 years of war and conflict. The Canadian Journal of Psychiatry, 63, 629–635. Feinstein, A., Owen, J., & Blair, N. (2002). A hazardous profession: War, journalists, and psychopathology. American Journal of Psychiatry, 159(9), 1570–1575. Filaire, E., Alix, D., Ferrand, C., & Verger, M. (2009). Psychophysiological stress in tennis players during the first single match of a tournament. Psychoneuroendocrinology, 34(1), 150–157. Freinkel, A., Koopman, C., & Speigel, D. (1994). Dissociative symptoms in media eyewitness of an execution. American Journal of Psychiatry, 151, 1335–1340. Gentil, P., Oliveira, E., & Bottaro, M. (2006). Time under tension and blood lactate response during four different resistance training methods. Journal of Physiological Anthropology, 25(5), 339–344. Gorostiaga, E. M., Asiáin, X., Izquierdo, M., Postigo, A., Aguado, R., Alonso, J. M., et al. (2010). Vertical jump performance and blood ammonia and lactate levels during typical training sessions in elite 400-m runners. The Journal of Strength & Conditioning Research, 24(4), 1138–1149. Hormeño-Holgado, A. J., & Clemente-Suárez, V. J. (2019). Effect of different combat jet manoeuvres in the psychophysiological response of professional pilots. Physiology & Behavior, 208, 112559. Hormeño-Holgado, A. J., Perez-Martinez, M. A., & Clemente-Suárez, V. J. (2019). Psychophysiological response of air mobile protection teams in an air accident manoeuvre. Physiology & Behavior, 199, 79–83. Izard, C. E. (2013). Patterns of emotions: A new analysis of anxiety and depression. Boca Raton: Academic Press. Kennedy, H., & Zillmer, A. (2012). Military psychology. Clinical and operational applications. New York: Guilford Publications. Li, Z., Jiao, K., Chen, M., & Wang, C. (2004). Reducing the effects of driving fatigue with magnitopuncture stimulation. Accident Analysis & Prevention, 36(4), 501–505. Moir, G., Sanders, R., Button, C., & Glaister, M. (2005). The influence of familiarization on the reliability of force variables measured during unloaded and loaded vertical jumps. Journal of Strength and Conditioning Research, 19(1), 140. Pezdek, K., & Taylor, J. (2002). Memory for traumatic events in children and adults. In M. L. Eisen, J. A. Quas, & G. S. Goodman (Eds.), Memory and suggestibility in the forensic interview (pp. 165–183). London: Routledge. Ritchie, C. (2012). Rating of perceived exertion (RPE). Journal of Physiotherapy, 58(1), 62. Salvador, A., Suay, F., Gonzalez-Bono, E., & Serrano, M. A. (2003). Anticipatory cortisol, testosterone and psychological responses to judo competition in young men. Psychoneuroendocrinology, 28(3), 364–375. Sánchez-Molina, J., Robles-Pérez, J. J., & Clemente-Suárez, V. J. (2019). Psychophysiological and fine motor skill differences of elite and non-elite soldiers in an urban combat simulation. Military Psychology, 31(6), 425–432. Suárez, V. J. C., & Pérez, J. J. R. (2013). Psychophysiological response of soldiers in urban combat. Annals of Psychology, 29(2), 598–603. Svedahl, K., & MacIntosh, B. R. (2003). Anaerobic threshold: The concept and methods of measurement. Canadian Journal of Applied Physiology, 28(2), 299–323. Tornero-Aguilera, J. F., Robles-Pérez, J. J., & Clemente-Suárez, V. J. (2017). Effect of combat stress in the psychophysiological response of elite and non-elite soldiers. Journal of Medical Systems, 41(6), 100. Tornero-Aguilera, J. F., Robles-Pérez, J. J., & Clemente-Suárez, V. J. (2018). Use of psychophysiological portable devices to analyse stress response in different experienced soldiers. Journal of Medical Systems, 42(4), 75. Wisman, A., & Shrira, I. (2015). The smell of death: evidence that putrescine elicits threat management mechanisms. Frontiers in Psychology, 6, 1274. |
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Tornero-Aguilera, José FranciscoRobles-Pérez, José JuanClemente-Suárez, Vicente Javier2021-01-29T21:08:50Z2021-01-29T21:08:50Z2020https://hdl.handle.net/11323/780510.1007/s10484-020-09473-0Corporación Universidad de la CostaREDICUC - Repositorio CUChttps://repositorio.cuc.edu.co/Covering war conflicts may compromise the psychological and physical health of journalists because chronic exposure to these environments has been related to depression, memory dissociative processes, and post-traumatic stress disorder; however, acute effects have not been studied yet. Thus, a combat simulation was carried out replicating actual warfare scenarios, including personnel and equipment. Psychophysiological response, memory, and information-processing were analysed of 40 professional soldiers (21 males and 19 females) and 19 journalists (12 males and 7 females) with international experience in current conflict areas such as Afghanistan, Iraq, Bosnia and Herzegovina, and Kosovo, in relation to their experience of a combat intervention. A significant increase (p < 0.05) in metabolic, muscular, cardiovascular, and cortical and psychological anxiety response, as well as a decrease in memory accuracy directly after and 24 h and 72 h post-combat were found; these modifications were modulated by the nature of the stimulus. Journalists presented higher cognitive and memory impairment than soldiers, resulting in a press reporting of real events accuracy of only 27%.Tornero-Aguilera, José FranciscoRobles-Pérez, José JuanClemente-Suárez, Vicente Javier-will be generated-orcid-0000-0002-2397-2801-600application/pdfengCorporación Universidad de la CostaAttribution-NonCommercial-NoDerivatives 4.0 Internationalhttp://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0/info:eu-repo/semantics/openAccesshttp://purl.org/coar/access_right/c_abf2Appl Psychophysiol Biofeedbackhttps://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/32529414/AnxietyCortical arousalEmbedded journalismSoldiersStressCould combat stress affect journalists' news reporting? A psychophysiological responseArtículo de revistahttp://purl.org/coar/resource_type/c_6501http://purl.org/coar/resource_type/c_2df8fbb1Textinfo:eu-repo/semantics/articlehttp://purl.org/redcol/resource_type/ARTinfo:eu-repo/semantics/acceptedVersionAguilera, J. F. T., Elias, V. F., & Clemente-Suárez, V. J. (2020). Autonomic and cortical response of soldiers in different combat scenarios. BMJ Military Health.Bremmer, J. (2005). Effects of traumatic stress on brain structure and function: Relevance to early responses to trauma. Journal of Trauma and Dissociation, 6, 51–68.Carlson, M. (2006). War journalism and the “KIA journalist”: The cases of David Bloom and Michael Kelly. Critical Studies in Media Communication, 23(2), 91–111.Clemente-Suarez, V. J., Palomera, P. R., & Robles-Pérez, J. J. (2018). Psychophysiological response to acute-high-stress combat situations in professional soldiers. Stress and Health, 34(2), 247–252.Clemente-Suarez, V. J., & Robles-Pérez, J. J. (2015). Acute effects of caffeine supplementation on cortical arousal, anxiety, physiological response and marksmanship in close quarter combat. Ergonomics, 58(11), 1842–1850.Clemente-Suarez, V. J., Robles-Pérez, J. J., & Fernández-Lucas, J. (2017). Psychophysiological response in parachute jumps, the effect of experience and type of jump. Physiology & behavior, 179, 178–183.Delgado-Moreno, R., Robles-Pérez, J. J., Aznar, S., & Clemente-Suarez, V. J. (2018). Inalambric biofeedback devices to analyze strength manifestation in military population. Journal of Medical Systems, 42(4), 60.Delgado-Moreno, R., Robles-Pérez, J. J., Aznar-Laín, S., & Clemente-Suárez, V. J. (2019). Effect of experience and psychophysiological modification by combat stress in soldier’s memory. Journal of Medical Systems, 43(6), 150.Delgado-Moreno, R., Robles-Pérez, J. J., & Clemente-Suárez, V. J. (2017). Combat stress decreases memory of warfighters in action. Journal of medical systems, 41(8), 124.Dworznik, G. (2018). Personal and organizational predictors of compassion fatigue symptoms in local television journalists. Journalism Practice, 12(5), 640–656.Egloff, B., Schmukle, S. C., Burns, L. R., & Schwerdtfeger, A. (2006). Spontaneous emotion regulation during evaluated speaking tasks: associations with negative affect, anxiety expression, memory, and physiological responding. Emotion, 6(3), 356.Feinstein, A. (2006). Journalists under fire: The psychological hazards of covering war. Baltimore: JHU Press.Feinstein, A., & Nicolson, D. (2005). Embedded journalists in the Iraq war: Are they at greater psychological risk? Journal of Traumatic Stress, 18(2), 129–132.Feinstein, A., Osmann, J., & Patel, V. (2018). Symptoms of PTSD in frontline journalists: A retrospective examination of 18 years of war and conflict. The Canadian Journal of Psychiatry, 63, 629–635.Feinstein, A., Owen, J., & Blair, N. (2002). A hazardous profession: War, journalists, and psychopathology. American Journal of Psychiatry, 159(9), 1570–1575.Filaire, E., Alix, D., Ferrand, C., & Verger, M. (2009). Psychophysiological stress in tennis players during the first single match of a tournament. Psychoneuroendocrinology, 34(1), 150–157.Freinkel, A., Koopman, C., & Speigel, D. (1994). Dissociative symptoms in media eyewitness of an execution. American Journal of Psychiatry, 151, 1335–1340.Gentil, P., Oliveira, E., & Bottaro, M. (2006). Time under tension and blood lactate response during four different resistance training methods. Journal of Physiological Anthropology, 25(5), 339–344.Gorostiaga, E. M., Asiáin, X., Izquierdo, M., Postigo, A., Aguado, R., Alonso, J. M., et al. (2010). Vertical jump performance and blood ammonia and lactate levels during typical training sessions in elite 400-m runners. The Journal of Strength & Conditioning Research, 24(4), 1138–1149.Hormeño-Holgado, A. J., & Clemente-Suárez, V. J. (2019). Effect of different combat jet manoeuvres in the psychophysiological response of professional pilots. Physiology & Behavior, 208, 112559.Hormeño-Holgado, A. J., Perez-Martinez, M. A., & Clemente-Suárez, V. J. (2019). Psychophysiological response of air mobile protection teams in an air accident manoeuvre. Physiology & Behavior, 199, 79–83.Izard, C. E. (2013). Patterns of emotions: A new analysis of anxiety and depression. Boca Raton: Academic Press.Kennedy, H., & Zillmer, A. (2012). Military psychology. Clinical and operational applications. New York: Guilford Publications.Li, Z., Jiao, K., Chen, M., & Wang, C. (2004). Reducing the effects of driving fatigue with magnitopuncture stimulation. Accident Analysis & Prevention, 36(4), 501–505.Moir, G., Sanders, R., Button, C., & Glaister, M. (2005). The influence of familiarization on the reliability of force variables measured during unloaded and loaded vertical jumps. Journal of Strength and Conditioning Research, 19(1), 140.Pezdek, K., & Taylor, J. (2002). Memory for traumatic events in children and adults. In M. L. Eisen, J. A. Quas, & G. S. Goodman (Eds.), Memory and suggestibility in the forensic interview (pp. 165–183). London: Routledge.Ritchie, C. (2012). Rating of perceived exertion (RPE). Journal of Physiotherapy, 58(1), 62.Salvador, A., Suay, F., Gonzalez-Bono, E., & Serrano, M. A. (2003). Anticipatory cortisol, testosterone and psychological responses to judo competition in young men. Psychoneuroendocrinology, 28(3), 364–375.Sánchez-Molina, J., Robles-Pérez, J. J., & Clemente-Suárez, V. J. (2019). Psychophysiological and fine motor skill differences of elite and non-elite soldiers in an urban combat simulation. Military Psychology, 31(6), 425–432.Suárez, V. J. C., & Pérez, J. J. R. (2013). Psychophysiological response of soldiers in urban combat. Annals of Psychology, 29(2), 598–603.Svedahl, K., & MacIntosh, B. R. (2003). Anaerobic threshold: The concept and methods of measurement. Canadian Journal of Applied Physiology, 28(2), 299–323.Tornero-Aguilera, J. F., Robles-Pérez, J. J., & Clemente-Suárez, V. J. (2017). Effect of combat stress in the psychophysiological response of elite and non-elite soldiers. Journal of Medical Systems, 41(6), 100.Tornero-Aguilera, J. F., Robles-Pérez, J. J., & Clemente-Suárez, V. J. (2018). Use of psychophysiological portable devices to analyse stress response in different experienced soldiers. Journal of Medical Systems, 42(4), 75.Wisman, A., & Shrira, I. (2015). The smell of death: evidence that putrescine elicits threat management mechanisms. 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