Effect of experience and psychophysiological modification by combat stress in soldier’s memory

The present research aimed to analyze the effect of experience and psychophysiological modification by combat stress in soldier’s memory in a simulated combat situation. Variables of rate of perceived exertion, blood glucose, blood lactate, lower body muscular strength manifestation, cortical arousa...

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Autores:
Delgado-Moreno, Rosa
Robles-Pérez, José Juan
Aznar-Laín, Susana
Clemente Suárez, Vicente Javier
Tipo de recurso:
Article of journal
Fecha de publicación:
2019
Institución:
Corporación Universidad de la Costa
Repositorio:
REDICUC - Repositorio CUC
Idioma:
eng
OAI Identifier:
oai:repositorio.cuc.edu.co:11323/4172
Acceso en línea:
https://hdl.handle.net/11323/4172
https://repositorio.cuc.edu.co/
Palabra clave:
Cognitive behavioral association
Combat stress
Memory
Military
Military anxiety
Asociación cognitivo-conductual
Combate el estrés
Memoria
Militar
Militar ansiedad
Rights
openAccess
License
Attribution-NonCommercial-ShareAlike 4.0 International
id RCUC2_69f5c810b6d28debc89acd9d160c551c
oai_identifier_str oai:repositorio.cuc.edu.co:11323/4172
network_acronym_str RCUC2
network_name_str REDICUC - Repositorio CUC
repository_id_str
dc.title.spa.fl_str_mv Effect of experience and psychophysiological modification by combat stress in soldier’s memory
dc.title.translated.spa.fl_str_mv Efecto de la experiencia y modificación psicofisiológica por el estrés de combate en la memoria del soldado.
title Effect of experience and psychophysiological modification by combat stress in soldier’s memory
spellingShingle Effect of experience and psychophysiological modification by combat stress in soldier’s memory
Cognitive behavioral association
Combat stress
Memory
Military
Military anxiety
Asociación cognitivo-conductual
Combate el estrés
Memoria
Militar
Militar ansiedad
title_short Effect of experience and psychophysiological modification by combat stress in soldier’s memory
title_full Effect of experience and psychophysiological modification by combat stress in soldier’s memory
title_fullStr Effect of experience and psychophysiological modification by combat stress in soldier’s memory
title_full_unstemmed Effect of experience and psychophysiological modification by combat stress in soldier’s memory
title_sort Effect of experience and psychophysiological modification by combat stress in soldier’s memory
dc.creator.fl_str_mv Delgado-Moreno, Rosa
Robles-Pérez, José Juan
Aznar-Laín, Susana
Clemente Suárez, Vicente Javier
dc.contributor.author.spa.fl_str_mv Delgado-Moreno, Rosa
Robles-Pérez, José Juan
Aznar-Laín, Susana
Clemente Suárez, Vicente Javier
dc.subject.spa.fl_str_mv Cognitive behavioral association
Combat stress
Memory
Military
Military anxiety
Asociación cognitivo-conductual
Combate el estrés
Memoria
Militar
Militar ansiedad
topic Cognitive behavioral association
Combat stress
Memory
Military
Military anxiety
Asociación cognitivo-conductual
Combate el estrés
Memoria
Militar
Militar ansiedad
description The present research aimed to analyze the effect of experience and psychophysiological modification by combat stress in soldier’s memory in a simulated combat situation. Variables of rate of perceived exertion, blood glucose, blood lactate, lower body muscular strength manifestation, cortical arousal, specific fine motor skills, autonomic modulation, state anxiety, and memory and attention through a postmission questionnaire were analyzed before and after a combat simulation in 15 experienced soldiers of a special operation unit and 20 non-experienced soldiers of light infantry unit from the Spanish Army. The stress of combat simulation produces a significant increase (p < 0.05) in rated perceived exertion, blood glucose, blood lactate, somatic anxiety and a low frequency domain of the heart rate, and a significant decrease of rifle magazine reload time, high frequency domain of the heart rate and somatic anxiety in both groups. The variables of RPE, glucose, CFFT, RMRT, RMSSD, LF/HF, CA, SA and STAI were significantly different in experienced soldiers shown the activation of fight-flight system. The anticipatory anxiety in experienced soldiers shows a cognitive behavioral association by past experiences. The analysis of correct response in the postmission questionnaire show elements more related with the sight and that endanger the physical integrity of soldiers are more remembered, and some significant differences (p < 0.05) in the memory performance of experienced soldiers and non experienced soldiers where experienced soldiers shown a better performance. As conclusion, combat stress produce an increase in the psichophysiological response of soldiers independently of experience, but experienced ones presented a lower negative effect on memory than non experienced.
publishDate 2019
dc.date.accessioned.none.fl_str_mv 2019-05-16T20:03:33Z
dc.date.available.none.fl_str_mv 2019-05-16T20:03:33Z
dc.date.issued.none.fl_str_mv 2019-03-27
dc.type.spa.fl_str_mv Artículo de revista
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dc.identifier.issn.spa.fl_str_mv 01485598
dc.identifier.uri.spa.fl_str_mv https://hdl.handle.net/11323/4172
dc.identifier.instname.spa.fl_str_mv Corporación Universidad de la Costa
dc.identifier.reponame.spa.fl_str_mv REDICUC - Repositorio CUC
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identifier_str_mv 01485598
Corporación Universidad de la Costa
REDICUC - Repositorio CUC
url https://hdl.handle.net/11323/4172
https://repositorio.cuc.edu.co/
dc.language.iso.none.fl_str_mv eng
language eng
dc.relation.references.spa.fl_str_mv Morgan, III, C. A., Wang, S., Southwick, S. M., Rasmusson, A., Hauger, R., and Charney, D. S., Plasma neuropeptide-Y in humans exposed to military survival training. Biol. Psychiatry. 47:902–909, 2000. Morgan, III, C. A., Hazlett, G., Wang, S., Richardson, G., Schnurr, P., and Southwick, S. M., Symptoms of dissociation in humans experiencing acute uncontrollable stress: A prospective investigation. Am. J. Psychiatr. 158:1239–1247, 2001a. Morgan, III, C. A., Wang, S., Hazlett, G., Rassmusson, A., Anderson, G., and Charney, D. S., Relationships among plasma cortisol, catecholamines, neuropeptide y and human performance during uncontrollable stress. Psychosom. Med. 63:412–442, 2001b. Belenky, G., Balkin, T. J., Redmond, D. P., Sing, H. C., Thomas, M. L., Thorne, D. R. et al., Sustaining performance during continuous operations: the US army’s sleep management system. In: Friedl, K., Lieberman, H., Ryan, D. H., Bray, G. A. (Eds), Pennington Center Nutritional Series, Vol. 10, Countermeasures for Battlefield J Med Syst (2019) 43:150 Page 7 of 8 150 Stressors. Baton Rouge, LA: Louisiana State University Press, 2000. Clemente-Suárez, V. J., and Robles-Pérez, J. J., Análisis de los marcadores fisiológicos, activación cortical y manifestaciones de la fuerza en una situación simulada de combate. Arch. Med. Deporte. 39(149):680–686, 2012a. Clemente-Suárez, V., and Robles-Pérez, J. J., Respuesta orgánica en una simulación de combate. Sand Mil. 68:97–100, 2012b. Clemente-Suárez, V. J., and Robles-Pérez, J. J., Psychophysiological response of soldiers in urban combat. Anal. Psycol. 29:598–603, 2013a. Taverniers, J., Van Ruysseveldt, J., Smeets, T., and Von Grumbkow, J., High-intensity stress elicits robust cortisol increases, and impairs working memory and visuo-spatial declarative memory in special forces candidates: A field experiment. Stress. 13(4):324–334, 2010. Curiel-Regueros, A., Fernández-Lucas, J., and Clemente-Suárez, V. J., Effectiveness of an applied high intensity interval training as a specific operative training. Physiol. Behav. 201:208–2011, 2019. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.physbeh.2019.01.009. Hormeño-Holgado, A. J., and Clemente-Suárez, V. J., Psychophysiological Monitorization in a special operation selection course. J. Med. Sys. 43(3):47, 2019. Curtis, B. M., and O'Keefe, J. H., Autonomic tone as a cardiovascular risk factor: The dangers of chronic fight or flight. Mayo Clin. Proc. 77:45–54, 2002. Germain, A., James, J., Insana, S., Herringa, R., Mammen, O., Price, J., and Nofzinger, E., A window into the invisible wound of war: Functional neuroimaging of REM sleep in returning combat veterans with PTSD. Psychiatr. Res: Neuroimaging. 211(2):176– 179, 2013. Delgado-Moreno, R., Robles-Pérez, J. J., and Clemente-Suárez, V. J., Combat stress decreases memory of warfighters in action. J. Med. Syst. 41(124), 2017. Clemente-Suarez, V. J., and Robles-Pérez, J. J., Acute effects of caffeine supplementation on cortical arousal, anxiety, physiological response and marksmanship in close quarter combat. Ergonomics. 58(11):1842–1850, 2015. https://doi.org/10.1080/00140139.2015. 1036790. Newcomer, J., Craft, S., Hershey, T., Askins, K., and Bardgett, M., Glucocorticoid-induced impairment in declarative memory performance in adult human. J. Neurosci. 14(4):2047–2053, 1994. Hood, A., Pulvers, K., Spady, T. J., Kliebenstein, A., and Bachand, J., Anxiety mediates the effect of acute stress on working memory performance when cortisol levels are high: A moderated mediation analysis. Anxiety Stress Copin. 28(5):545–562, 2015. Eysench, M. W., Derakshan, N., Santos, R., and Calvo, M. G., Anxiety and cognitive performance: Attentional control theory. Emotion. 7(2):336, 2007. Barsegyan, A., Mackenzie, S. M., Kurose, B.D., McGaugh, J. L., & Roozendaal, B., Glucocorticoids in the prefrontal cortex enhance memory consolidation and impair working memory by a common neural mechanism. P. Natl. Acad. Sci. 107, (38), 16655-16660, 2010. Martens, R., Vealey, R.S., and Burton, D., Competitive anxiety in sport: Human kinetics, Champaig, 1990. Scott, D., Bergen, P., Rege, R., Laycock, R., Tesfay, S., Valentine, R., Euhus, D., Jeyarajah, D., Thompson, W., and Jones, D., Laparoscopic training on bench models: Better and more cost effective than operating room experience? J. Am. Coll. Surg. 191(3): 272–283, 2000. Falk, B., and Bar-Eli, M., The psycho-physiological response to parachuting among novice and experienced parachutists. Aviat Space Environ. Med. 66(2):114–117, 1995. Clemente-Suárez, V. J., de la Vega, R., Robles-Pérez, J. J., Lautenschlaeger, M., and Fernández-Lucas, J., Experience modulates the psychophysiological response of airborne warfighters during a tactical combat parachute jump. Int. J. Psychophysiol. 110:212–216, 2016. Aglioti, S. M., Cesari, P., Romani, M., and Urgesi, C., Action anticipation and motor resonance in elite basketball players. Nat. Neurosci. 11:1109–1116, 2008. https://doi.org/10.1038/nn.2182. Swann, C, Keegan, R.,J., Piggott, D., Crust, L., A systematic review of the experience, occurrence, and controllability of flow states in elite sport. Psychol. Sport Exerc. 13, 807–819, 2012. Hormeño-Holgado, A. J., Perez-Martinez, M. A., and ClementeSuárez, V. J., Psychophysiological response of air mobile protection teams in an air accident manoeuvre. Physiol. Behav. 199:79–83, 2019. Selye, H., Stress in health and disease. Boston M.A: Butterworth’s, Inc, 1976. Borg, G., Perceived exertion as an indicator of somatic stress. Scand. J. Rehabil. Med. 2(2):92–98, 1970. Clemente-Suárez, V. J., González-Ravé, J. M., and NavarroValdivielso, F., Short-term periodized aerobic training does not attenuate strength capacity or jump performance in recreational endurance athletes. Acta. Physiol. Hung. 101(2):185–196, 2014. Andrade Fernandez, E. M., Lois Rio, G., and Arce Fernandez, C., Psychometric properties of the spanish version of the revised competitive state anxiety inventory-2 with athletes. [Propiedades psicometricas de la version española del Inventariode Ansiedad Competitiva CSAI-2R en deportistas]. Psicothema. 19(1):150– 155, 2007. Spielberger, C. D., Gorsuch, R. L., Lushene, R. E., and Cubero, N. S., STAI: Cuestionario de ansiedad estado-rasgo. Madrid: Tea, 1994. Clemente-Suárez, V. J., Diaz-Manzano, M., and Robles-Pérez, J. J., Use of minicameras to improve operative procedure in security forces. J. Med. Syst. 41(9):130, 2017. ornero-Aguilera, J. F., and Clemente-Suarez, V. J., Effect of experience, equipment and fire actions in psychophysiological response and memory of soldiers in actual underground operations. Int. J. Psychophysiol. 128:40–46, 2018. Yerkes, R. M., and Dodson, J. D., The relation of strength of stimulus to rapidity of habit formation. J. Comp. Neurol. Psychol. 18(5): 459–482, 1908. Rodas, G., Pedret Carballido, C., Ramos, J., and Capdevila, L., Heart rate variability: Definition, measurement and clinical relation aspects (I). Arch. Med. Deport. 25(123):41–47, 2008. Viberg, A., The verbs of perception: A typological study. Linguistics. 21:123–162, 1983. San Roque, L., Kendrick, K. H., Norcliffe, E., Brown, P., Defina, R., Dingemanse, M., Dirksmeyer, T., Enfield, N. J., Floyd, S., Hammond, J., Rossi, G., Tufvesson, S., Van Putten, S., and Majid, A., Vision verbs dominate in conversation across cultures, but the ranking of non-visual verbs varies. Cogn. Linguist. 26(1): 31–60, 2015. Lupien, S. J., Gaudreau, S., Tchitey, B. M., Maheu, F., Sharma, S., Nair, N. P. V., Hauger, R. L., McEwen, B. S., and Meaney, M. J., Stress-induced declarative memory impainment in healthy elderly subjects: Relationship to cortisol reactivity 1. J. Clin. Endocrinol. Metab. 82(7):2070–2075, 1997. Diaz-Manzano, M., Fuentes, J. P., Fernandez-Lucas J., Aznar-Lain, S., & Clemente-Suárez, V. J. (2018). Higher use of techniques studied and performance in melee combat produce a higher psychophysiological stress response. Stress and Health, 34(5), 622–628
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spelling Delgado-Moreno, RosaRobles-Pérez, José JuanAznar-Laín, SusanaClemente Suárez, Vicente Javier2019-05-16T20:03:33Z2019-05-16T20:03:33Z2019-03-2701485598https://hdl.handle.net/11323/4172Corporación Universidad de la CostaREDICUC - Repositorio CUChttps://repositorio.cuc.edu.co/The present research aimed to analyze the effect of experience and psychophysiological modification by combat stress in soldier’s memory in a simulated combat situation. Variables of rate of perceived exertion, blood glucose, blood lactate, lower body muscular strength manifestation, cortical arousal, specific fine motor skills, autonomic modulation, state anxiety, and memory and attention through a postmission questionnaire were analyzed before and after a combat simulation in 15 experienced soldiers of a special operation unit and 20 non-experienced soldiers of light infantry unit from the Spanish Army. The stress of combat simulation produces a significant increase (p < 0.05) in rated perceived exertion, blood glucose, blood lactate, somatic anxiety and a low frequency domain of the heart rate, and a significant decrease of rifle magazine reload time, high frequency domain of the heart rate and somatic anxiety in both groups. The variables of RPE, glucose, CFFT, RMRT, RMSSD, LF/HF, CA, SA and STAI were significantly different in experienced soldiers shown the activation of fight-flight system. The anticipatory anxiety in experienced soldiers shows a cognitive behavioral association by past experiences. The analysis of correct response in the postmission questionnaire show elements more related with the sight and that endanger the physical integrity of soldiers are more remembered, and some significant differences (p < 0.05) in the memory performance of experienced soldiers and non experienced soldiers where experienced soldiers shown a better performance. As conclusion, combat stress produce an increase in the psichophysiological response of soldiers independently of experience, but experienced ones presented a lower negative effect on memory than non experienced.La presente investigación tuvo como objetivo analizar el efecto de la experiencia y la modificación psicofisiológica por el estrés de combate en Memoria del soldado en una situación de combate simulada. Variables de la tasa de esfuerzo percibido, glucemia, lactato sanguíneo, menor manifestación de la fuerza muscular del cuerpo, excitación cortical, habilidades motoras finas específicas, modulación autonómica, ansiedad de estado y La memoria y la atención a través de un cuestionario de postmisión se analizaron antes y después de una simulación de combate en 15 Soldados de una unidad de operación especial y 20 soldados no experimentados de la unidad de infantería ligera del ejército español. El estres de La simulación de combate produce un aumento significativo (p <0.05) en el esfuerzo percibido nominal, la glucosa en sangre, el lactato en sangre, la somática ansiedad y un dominio de baja frecuencia de la frecuencia cardíaca, y una disminución significativa del tiempo de recarga del cargador del rifle, alta frecuencia Dominio de la frecuencia cardíaca y ansiedad somática en ambos grupos. Las variables de RPE, glucosa, CFFT, RMRT, RMSSD, LF / HF, CA, SA y STAI fueron significativamente diferentes en soldados experimentados que mostraron la activación del sistema de lucha de vuelo. El anticipatorio La ansiedad en soldados experimentados muestra una asociación cognitiva conductual por experiencias pasadas. El análisis de la respuesta correcta en El cuestionario de envío muestra elementos más relacionados con la vista y que ponen en peligro la integridad física de los soldados. más recordado, y algunas diferencias significativas (p <0.05) en el rendimiento de la memoria de soldados con experiencia y no Soldados experimentados donde los soldados experimentados mostraron un mejor desempeño. Como conclusión, el estrés del combate produce un aumento. en la respuesta psicofisiológica de los soldados independientemente de la experiencia, pero los experimentados presentaron una menor negativa Efecto sobre la memoria que el no experimentado.Delgado-Moreno, Rosa-6eb18d5c-043f-4b81-aaff-81c909ef1251-0Robles-Pérez, José Juan-552ecae8-3bd1-4c11-8c56-406872344065-0Aznar-Laín, Susana-682c1b30-e6ad-462a-94f7-0cdad17834f7-0Clemente Suárez, Vicente Javier-0000-0002-2397-2801-600engUniversidad de la CostaAttribution-NonCommercial-ShareAlike 4.0 Internationalhttp://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/4.0/info:eu-repo/semantics/openAccesshttp://purl.org/coar/access_right/c_abf2Cognitive behavioral associationCombat stressMemoryMilitaryMilitary anxietyAsociación cognitivo-conductualCombate el estrésMemoriaMilitarMilitar ansiedadEffect of experience and psychophysiological modification by combat stress in soldier’s memoryEfecto de la experiencia y modificación psicofisiológica por el estrés de combate en la memoria del soldado.Artículo de revistahttp://purl.org/coar/resource_type/c_6501http://purl.org/coar/resource_type/c_2df8fbb1Textinfo:eu-repo/semantics/articlehttp://purl.org/redcol/resource_type/ARTinfo:eu-repo/semantics/acceptedVersionMorgan, III, C. A., Wang, S., Southwick, S. M., Rasmusson, A., Hauger, R., and Charney, D. S., Plasma neuropeptide-Y in humans exposed to military survival training. Biol. Psychiatry. 47:902–909, 2000. Morgan, III, C. A., Hazlett, G., Wang, S., Richardson, G., Schnurr, P., and Southwick, S. M., Symptoms of dissociation in humans experiencing acute uncontrollable stress: A prospective investigation. Am. J. Psychiatr. 158:1239–1247, 2001a. Morgan, III, C. A., Wang, S., Hazlett, G., Rassmusson, A., Anderson, G., and Charney, D. S., Relationships among plasma cortisol, catecholamines, neuropeptide y and human performance during uncontrollable stress. Psychosom. Med. 63:412–442, 2001b. Belenky, G., Balkin, T. J., Redmond, D. P., Sing, H. C., Thomas, M. L., Thorne, D. R. et al., Sustaining performance during continuous operations: the US army’s sleep management system. In: Friedl, K., Lieberman, H., Ryan, D. H., Bray, G. A. (Eds), Pennington Center Nutritional Series, Vol. 10, Countermeasures for Battlefield J Med Syst (2019) 43:150 Page 7 of 8 150 Stressors. Baton Rouge, LA: Louisiana State University Press, 2000. Clemente-Suárez, V. J., and Robles-Pérez, J. J., Análisis de los marcadores fisiológicos, activación cortical y manifestaciones de la fuerza en una situación simulada de combate. Arch. Med. Deporte. 39(149):680–686, 2012a. Clemente-Suárez, V., and Robles-Pérez, J. J., Respuesta orgánica en una simulación de combate. Sand Mil. 68:97–100, 2012b. Clemente-Suárez, V. J., and Robles-Pérez, J. J., Psychophysiological response of soldiers in urban combat. Anal. Psycol. 29:598–603, 2013a. Taverniers, J., Van Ruysseveldt, J., Smeets, T., and Von Grumbkow, J., High-intensity stress elicits robust cortisol increases, and impairs working memory and visuo-spatial declarative memory in special forces candidates: A field experiment. Stress. 13(4):324–334, 2010. Curiel-Regueros, A., Fernández-Lucas, J., and Clemente-Suárez, V. J., Effectiveness of an applied high intensity interval training as a specific operative training. Physiol. Behav. 201:208–2011, 2019. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.physbeh.2019.01.009. Hormeño-Holgado, A. J., and Clemente-Suárez, V. J., Psychophysiological Monitorization in a special operation selection course. J. Med. Sys. 43(3):47, 2019. Curtis, B. M., and O'Keefe, J. H., Autonomic tone as a cardiovascular risk factor: The dangers of chronic fight or flight. Mayo Clin. Proc. 77:45–54, 2002. Germain, A., James, J., Insana, S., Herringa, R., Mammen, O., Price, J., and Nofzinger, E., A window into the invisible wound of war: Functional neuroimaging of REM sleep in returning combat veterans with PTSD. Psychiatr. Res: Neuroimaging. 211(2):176– 179, 2013. Delgado-Moreno, R., Robles-Pérez, J. J., and Clemente-Suárez, V. J., Combat stress decreases memory of warfighters in action. J. Med. Syst. 41(124), 2017. Clemente-Suarez, V. J., and Robles-Pérez, J. J., Acute effects of caffeine supplementation on cortical arousal, anxiety, physiological response and marksmanship in close quarter combat. Ergonomics. 58(11):1842–1850, 2015. https://doi.org/10.1080/00140139.2015. 1036790. Newcomer, J., Craft, S., Hershey, T., Askins, K., and Bardgett, M., Glucocorticoid-induced impairment in declarative memory performance in adult human. J. Neurosci. 14(4):2047–2053, 1994. Hood, A., Pulvers, K., Spady, T. J., Kliebenstein, A., and Bachand, J., Anxiety mediates the effect of acute stress on working memory performance when cortisol levels are high: A moderated mediation analysis. Anxiety Stress Copin. 28(5):545–562, 2015. Eysench, M. W., Derakshan, N., Santos, R., and Calvo, M. G., Anxiety and cognitive performance: Attentional control theory. Emotion. 7(2):336, 2007. Barsegyan, A., Mackenzie, S. M., Kurose, B.D., McGaugh, J. L., & Roozendaal, B., Glucocorticoids in the prefrontal cortex enhance memory consolidation and impair working memory by a common neural mechanism. P. Natl. Acad. Sci. 107, (38), 16655-16660, 2010. Martens, R., Vealey, R.S., and Burton, D., Competitive anxiety in sport: Human kinetics, Champaig, 1990. Scott, D., Bergen, P., Rege, R., Laycock, R., Tesfay, S., Valentine, R., Euhus, D., Jeyarajah, D., Thompson, W., and Jones, D., Laparoscopic training on bench models: Better and more cost effective than operating room experience? J. Am. Coll. Surg. 191(3): 272–283, 2000. Falk, B., and Bar-Eli, M., The psycho-physiological response to parachuting among novice and experienced parachutists. Aviat Space Environ. Med. 66(2):114–117, 1995. Clemente-Suárez, V. J., de la Vega, R., Robles-Pérez, J. J., Lautenschlaeger, M., and Fernández-Lucas, J., Experience modulates the psychophysiological response of airborne warfighters during a tactical combat parachute jump. Int. J. 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