Evaluation and analysis of the adsorption mechanism of three emerging pharmaceutical pollutants on a phosphorised carbon-based adsorbent: Application of advanced analytical models to overcome the limitation of classical models
The double layer adsorption of sulfamethoxazole, ketoprofen and carbamazepine on a phosphorus carbon-based adsorbent was analyzed using statistical physics models. The objective of this research was to provide a physicochemical analysis of the adsorption mechanism of these organic compounds via the...
- Autores:
-
Dhaouadi, Fatma
Aouaini, Fatma
Basha, Beriham
Bonilla Petriciolet, Adrián
Georgin, Jordana
Ben Lamine, Abdelmottaleb
- Tipo de recurso:
- Article of investigation
- Fecha de publicación:
- 2024
- Institución:
- Corporación Universidad de la Costa
- Repositorio:
- REDICUC - Repositorio CUC
- Idioma:
- eng
- OAI Identifier:
- oai:repositorio.cuc.edu.co:11323/13625
- Acceso en línea:
- https://hdl.handle.net/11323/13625
https://repositorio.cuc.edu.co/
- Palabra clave:
- Sulfamethoxazole
Ketoprofen
Carbamazepine
Double layer adsorption modeling
- Rights
- openAccess
- License
- Atribución 4.0 Internacional (CC BY 4.0)
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Evaluation and analysis of the adsorption mechanism of three emerging pharmaceutical pollutants on a phosphorised carbon-based adsorbent: Application of advanced analytical models to overcome the limitation of classical models |
| title |
Evaluation and analysis of the adsorption mechanism of three emerging pharmaceutical pollutants on a phosphorised carbon-based adsorbent: Application of advanced analytical models to overcome the limitation of classical models |
| spellingShingle |
Evaluation and analysis of the adsorption mechanism of three emerging pharmaceutical pollutants on a phosphorised carbon-based adsorbent: Application of advanced analytical models to overcome the limitation of classical models Sulfamethoxazole Ketoprofen Carbamazepine Double layer adsorption modeling |
| title_short |
Evaluation and analysis of the adsorption mechanism of three emerging pharmaceutical pollutants on a phosphorised carbon-based adsorbent: Application of advanced analytical models to overcome the limitation of classical models |
| title_full |
Evaluation and analysis of the adsorption mechanism of three emerging pharmaceutical pollutants on a phosphorised carbon-based adsorbent: Application of advanced analytical models to overcome the limitation of classical models |
| title_fullStr |
Evaluation and analysis of the adsorption mechanism of three emerging pharmaceutical pollutants on a phosphorised carbon-based adsorbent: Application of advanced analytical models to overcome the limitation of classical models |
| title_full_unstemmed |
Evaluation and analysis of the adsorption mechanism of three emerging pharmaceutical pollutants on a phosphorised carbon-based adsorbent: Application of advanced analytical models to overcome the limitation of classical models |
| title_sort |
Evaluation and analysis of the adsorption mechanism of three emerging pharmaceutical pollutants on a phosphorised carbon-based adsorbent: Application of advanced analytical models to overcome the limitation of classical models |
| dc.creator.fl_str_mv |
Dhaouadi, Fatma Aouaini, Fatma Basha, Beriham Bonilla Petriciolet, Adrián Georgin, Jordana Ben Lamine, Abdelmottaleb |
| dc.contributor.author.none.fl_str_mv |
Dhaouadi, Fatma Aouaini, Fatma Basha, Beriham Bonilla Petriciolet, Adrián Georgin, Jordana Ben Lamine, Abdelmottaleb |
| dc.subject.proposal.eng.fl_str_mv |
Sulfamethoxazole Ketoprofen Carbamazepine Double layer adsorption modeling |
| topic |
Sulfamethoxazole Ketoprofen Carbamazepine Double layer adsorption modeling |
| description |
The double layer adsorption of sulfamethoxazole, ketoprofen and carbamazepine on a phosphorus carbon-based adsorbent was analyzed using statistical physics models. The objective of this research was to provide a physicochemical analysis of the adsorption mechanism of these organic compounds via the calculation of both steric and energetic parameters. Results showed that the adsorption mechanism of these pharmaceuticals was multimolecular where the presence of molecular aggregates (mainly dimers) could be expected in the aqueous solution. This adsorbent showed adsorption capacities at saturation from 15 to 36 mg/g for tested pharmaceutical molecules. The ketoprofen adsorption was exothermic, while the adsorption of sulfamethoxazole and carbamazepine was endothermic. The adsorption mechanism of these molecules involved physical interaction forces with interaction energies from 5.95 to 19.66 kJ/mol. These results contribute with insights on the adsorption mechanisms of pharmaceutical pollutants. The identification of molecular aggregates, the calculation of maximum adsorption capacities and the characterization of thermodynamic behavior provide crucial information for the understanding of these adsorption systems and to optimize their removal operating conditions. These findings have direct implications for wastewater treatment and environmental remediation associated with pharmaceutical pollution where advanced adsorption technologies are required. |
| publishDate |
2024 |
| dc.date.accessioned.none.fl_str_mv |
2024-11-05T12:17:39Z |
| dc.date.available.none.fl_str_mv |
2024-11-05T12:17:39Z |
| dc.date.issued.none.fl_str_mv |
2024-07-18 |
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Artículo de revista |
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http://purl.org/coar/resource_type/c_2df8fbb1 |
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http://purl.org/coar/version/c_970fb48d4fbd8a85 |
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Fatma Dhaouadi, Fatma Aouaini, Beriham Basha, Adrián Bonilla-Petriciolet, Jordana Georgin, Abdelmottaleb Ben Lamine, Evaluation and analysis of the adsorption mechanism of three emerging pharmaceutical pollutants on a phosphorised carbon-based adsorbent: Application of advanced analytical models to overcome the limitation of classical models, Heliyon, Volume 10, Issue 14, 2024, e34788, ISSN 2405-8440, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.heliyon.2024.e34788. |
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https://hdl.handle.net/11323/13625 |
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10.1016/j.heliyon.2024.e34788 |
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2405-8440 |
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Corporación Universidad de la Costa |
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REDICUC - Repositorio CUC |
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https://repositorio.cuc.edu.co/ |
| identifier_str_mv |
Fatma Dhaouadi, Fatma Aouaini, Beriham Basha, Adrián Bonilla-Petriciolet, Jordana Georgin, Abdelmottaleb Ben Lamine, Evaluation and analysis of the adsorption mechanism of three emerging pharmaceutical pollutants on a phosphorised carbon-based adsorbent: Application of advanced analytical models to overcome the limitation of classical models, Heliyon, Volume 10, Issue 14, 2024, e34788, ISSN 2405-8440, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.heliyon.2024.e34788. 10.1016/j.heliyon.2024.e34788 2405-8440 Corporación Universidad de la Costa REDICUC - Repositorio CUC |
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https://hdl.handle.net/11323/13625 https://repositorio.cuc.edu.co/ |
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eng |
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eng |
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Heliyon |
| dc.relation.references.none.fl_str_mv |
J. Akhtar, N.A.S. Amin, K. Shahzad, A review on removal of pharmaceuticals from water by adsorption, Desalination Water Treat. 57 (2016) 12842–12860, https://doi.org/10.1080/19443994.2015.1051121. X. Zhang, B. Bai, G. Li Puma, H. Wang, Y. Suo, Novel sea buckthorn biocarbon SBC@β-FeOOH composites: efficient removal of doxycycline in aqueous solution in a fixed-bed through synergistic adsorption and heterogeneous Fenton-like reaction, Chem. Eng. J. 284 (2016) 698–707, https://doi.org/10.1016/j. cej.2015.09.012. T.F.T. Omar, A.Z. Aris, F.M. Yusoff, S. Mustafa, Occurrence and level of emerging organic contaminant in fish and mollusk from Klang River estuary, Malaysia and assessment on human health risk, Environ. Pollut. 248 (2019) 763–773, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.envpol.2019.02.060. K. Sun, Y. Shi, X. Wang, Z. Li, Sorption and retention of diclofenac on zeolite in the presence of cationic surfactant, J. Hazard Mater. 323 (2017) 584–592, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jhazmat.2016.08.026. P.M. Peltzer, R.C. Lajmanovich, A.M. Attademo, C.M. Junges, C.M. Teglia, C. Martinuzzi, L. Curi, M.J. Culzoni, H.C. Goicoechea, Ecotoxicity of veterinary enrofloxacin and ciprofloxacin antibiotics on anuran amphibian larvae, Environ. Toxicol. Pharmacol. 51 (2017) 114–123, https://doi.org/10.1016/j. etap.2017.01.021. K. Ikehata, N. JodeiriNaghashkar, M. Gamal El-Din, Degradation of aqueous pharmaceuticals by ozonation and advanced oxidation processes: a review, Ozone: Sci. Eng. 28 (2006) 353–414, https://doi.org/10.1080/01919510600985937. M. Klavarioti, D. Mantzavinos, D. Kassinos, Removal of residual pharmaceuticals from aqueous systems by advanced oxidation processes, Environ. Int. 35 (2009) 402–417, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.envint.2008.07.009. I. Sir´es, E. Brillas, Remediation of water pollution caused by pharmaceutical residues based on electrochemical separation and degradation technologies: a review, Environ. Int. 40 (2012) 212–229, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.envint.2011.07.012. L. Feng, E.D. van Hullebusch, M.A. Rodrigo, G. Esposito, M.A. Oturan, Removal of residual anti-inflammatory and analgesic pharmaceuticals from aqueous systems by electrochemical advanced oxidation processes. A review, Chem. Eng. J. 228 (2013) 944–964, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.cej.2013.05.061. J. Rivera-Utrilla, M. S´ anchez-Polo, M.A. ´ Ferro-García, G. Prados-Joya, R. Ocampo-P´erez, Pharmaceuticals as emerging contaminants and their removal from water. A review, Chemosphere 93 (2013) 1268–1287, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.chemosphere.2013.07.059. M. Varsha, P. Senthil Kumar, B. SenthilRathi, A review on recent trends in the removal of emerging contaminants from aquatic environment using low-cost adsorbents, Chemosphere 287 (2022) 132270, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.chemosphere.2021.132270. B.N. Bhadra, P.W. Seo, S.H. Jhung, Adsorption of diclofenac sodium from water using oxidized activated carbon, Chem. Eng. J. 301 (2016) 27–34, https://doi. org/10.1016/j.cej.2016.04.143. T.R. Moro, F.R. Henrique, L.C. Malucelli, C.M.R. de Oliveira, M.A. da Silva CarvalhoFilho, E.C. de Vasconcelos, Adsorption of pharmaceuticals in water through lignocellulosic fibers synergism, Chemosphere 171 (2017) 57–65, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.chemosphere.2016.12.040. Z. Liang, Z. Zhaob, T. Sun, W. Shi, F. Cui, Adsorption of quinolone antibiotics in spherical mesoporous silica: effects of the retained template and its alkyl chain length, J. Hazard Mater. 305 (2016) 8–14, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jhazmat.2015.11.033. G.Z. Kyzas, D.N. Bikiaris, D.A. Lambropoulou, Effect of humic acid on pharmaceuticals adsorption using sulfonic acid grafted chitosan, J. Mol. Liq. 230 (2017) 1–5, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.molliq.2017.01.015. V. Calisto, G. Jaria, C.P. Silva, C.I.A. Ferreira, M. Otero, V.I. Esteves, Single and multi-component adsorption of psychiatric pharmaceuticals onto alternative and commercial carbons, J. Environ. Manag. 192 (2017) 15–24, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jenvman.2017.01.029. L. Lin, W. Jiang, P. Xu, Comparative study on pharmaceuticals adsorption in reclaimed water desalination concentrate using biochar: impact of salts and organic matter, Sci. Total Environ. 601–602 (2017) 857–864, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.scitotenv.2017.05.203. M. Turk Sekulic, N. Boskovic, M. Milanovic, N. GrujicLetic, E. Gligoric, S. Pap, An insight into the adsorption of three emerging pharmaceutical contaminants on multifunctional carbonous adsorbent: mechanisms, modelling and metal coadsorption, J. Mol. Liq. 284 (2019) 372–382, https://doi.org/10.1016/j. molliq.2019.04.020. F. Dhaouadi, L. Sellaoui, B. Chavez-Gonzalez, H.E. Reynel-Avila, ´ L.L. Diaz-Munoz, ˜ D.I. Mendoza-Castillo, A. Bonilla-Petriciolet, E.C. Lima, J.C. Tapia-Picazo, A. B. Lamine, Application of a heterogeneous physical model for the adsorption of Cd2+, Ni2+, Zn2+ and Cu2+ ions on flamboyant pods functionalized with citric acid, Chem. Eng. J. 417 (2021) 127975. F. Dhaouadi, L. Sellaoui, T. Sonia, F. Louis, A. El Bakali, M. Badawi, J. Georgin, D. Franco, L. Silva, A. Bonilla-Petriciolet, S. Rtimi, Enhanced adsorption of ketoprofen and 2,4-Dichlorophenoxyactic acid on Physalisperuviana fruit residue functionalized with H2SO4: adsorption properties and statistical physics modeling, Chem. Eng. J. 445 (2022) 136773, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.cej.2022.136773. L. Sellaoui, F. Dhaouadi, H.E. Reynel-Avila, D.I. Mendoza-Castillo, A. Bonilla-Petriciolet, R. Trejo-Valencia, S. Taamalli, F. Louis, A. El Bakali, Z. Chen, Physicochemical assessment of anionic dye adsorption on bone char using a multilayer statistical physics model, Environ. Sci. Pollut. Res. 28 (2021) 67248–67255, https://doi.org/10.1007/s11356-021-15264-9. F. Dhaouadi, L. Sellaoui, H.E. Reynel-Avila, ´ V. Landín-Sandoval, D.I. Mendoza-Castillo, J.E. Jaime-Leal, E.C. Lima, A. Bonilla-Petriciolet, A.B. Lamine, Adsorption mechanism of Zn2+, Ni2+, Cd2+, and Cu2+ ions by carbon-based adsorbents: interpretation of the adsorption isotherms via physical modelling, Environ. Sci. Pollut. Control Ser. 28 (2021) 30943–30954. L. Sellaoui, E.C. Lima, G.L. Dotto, A.B. Lamine, Adsorption of amoxicillin and paracetamol on modified activated carbons: equilibrium and positional entropy studies, J. Mol. Liq. 234 (2017) 375–381, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.molliq.2017.03.111. L. Lu, M. Gao, Z. Gu, S. Yang, Y. Liu, A comparative study and evaluation of sulfamethoxazole adsorption onto organo-montmorillonites, J. Environ. Sci. 26 (2014) 2535–2545, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jes.2014.04.007. C. Jung, J. Park, K.H. Lim, S. Park, J. Heo, N. Her, J. Oh, S. Yun, Y. Yoon, Adsorption of selected endocrine disrupting compounds and pharmaceuticals on activated biochars, J. Hazard Mater. 263 (2013) 702–710, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jhazmat.2013.10.033. A. Aghababaei, R. Azargohar, A.K. Dalai, J. Soltan, C.H. Niu, Adsorption of carbamazepine from water by hydrothermally and steam activated agricultural byproducts: equilibrium, site energy, and thermodynamic studies, Chem. Eng. Commun. 209 (2022) 852–867, https://doi.org/10.1080/00986445.2021.1922893. R. Baccar, M. Sarra, ` J. Bouzid, M. Feki, P. Blanquez, ´ Removal of pharmaceutical compounds by activated carbon prepared from agricultural by-product, Chem. Eng. J. 211–212 (2012) 310–317, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.cej.2012.09.099. C.B. Njoku, E. Oseghe, T.A.M. Msagati, Synthesis and application of perovskite nanoparticles for the adsorption of ketoprofen and fenoprofen in wastewater for sustainable water management, J. Mol. Liq. 346 (2022) 118232, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.molliq.2021.118232. |
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Atribución 4.0 Internacional (CC BY 4.0)© 2024 The Authors.https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/info:eu-repo/semantics/openAccesshttp://purl.org/coar/access_right/c_abf2Dhaouadi, FatmaAouaini, FatmaBasha, BerihamBonilla Petriciolet, AdriánGeorgin, JordanaBen Lamine, Abdelmottaleb2024-11-05T12:17:39Z2024-11-05T12:17:39Z2024-07-18Fatma Dhaouadi, Fatma Aouaini, Beriham Basha, Adrián Bonilla-Petriciolet, Jordana Georgin, Abdelmottaleb Ben Lamine, Evaluation and analysis of the adsorption mechanism of three emerging pharmaceutical pollutants on a phosphorised carbon-based adsorbent: Application of advanced analytical models to overcome the limitation of classical models, Heliyon, Volume 10, Issue 14, 2024, e34788, ISSN 2405-8440, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.heliyon.2024.e34788.https://hdl.handle.net/11323/1362510.1016/j.heliyon.2024.e347882405-8440Corporación Universidad de la CostaREDICUC - Repositorio CUChttps://repositorio.cuc.edu.co/The double layer adsorption of sulfamethoxazole, ketoprofen and carbamazepine on a phosphorus carbon-based adsorbent was analyzed using statistical physics models. The objective of this research was to provide a physicochemical analysis of the adsorption mechanism of these organic compounds via the calculation of both steric and energetic parameters. Results showed that the adsorption mechanism of these pharmaceuticals was multimolecular where the presence of molecular aggregates (mainly dimers) could be expected in the aqueous solution. This adsorbent showed adsorption capacities at saturation from 15 to 36 mg/g for tested pharmaceutical molecules. The ketoprofen adsorption was exothermic, while the adsorption of sulfamethoxazole and carbamazepine was endothermic. The adsorption mechanism of these molecules involved physical interaction forces with interaction energies from 5.95 to 19.66 kJ/mol. These results contribute with insights on the adsorption mechanisms of pharmaceutical pollutants. The identification of molecular aggregates, the calculation of maximum adsorption capacities and the characterization of thermodynamic behavior provide crucial information for the understanding of these adsorption systems and to optimize their removal operating conditions. These findings have direct implications for wastewater treatment and environmental remediation associated with pharmaceutical pollution where advanced adsorption technologies are required.10 páginasapplication/pdfengElsevier B.V.Netherlandshttps://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S2405844024108195?via%3DihubEvaluation and analysis of the adsorption mechanism of three emerging pharmaceutical pollutants on a phosphorised carbon-based adsorbent: Application of advanced analytical models to overcome the limitation of classical modelsArtículo de revistahttp://purl.org/coar/resource_type/c_2df8fbb1Textinfo:eu-repo/semantics/articlehttp://purl.org/redcol/resource_type/ARTinfo:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersionhttp://purl.org/coar/version/c_970fb48d4fbd8a85HeliyonJ. Akhtar, N.A.S. Amin, K. Shahzad, A review on removal of pharmaceuticals from water by adsorption, Desalination Water Treat. 57 (2016) 12842–12860, https://doi.org/10.1080/19443994.2015.1051121.X. Zhang, B. Bai, G. Li Puma, H. Wang, Y. Suo, Novel sea buckthorn biocarbon SBC@β-FeOOH composites: efficient removal of doxycycline in aqueous solution in a fixed-bed through synergistic adsorption and heterogeneous Fenton-like reaction, Chem. Eng. J. 284 (2016) 698–707, https://doi.org/10.1016/j. cej.2015.09.012.T.F.T. Omar, A.Z. Aris, F.M. Yusoff, S. Mustafa, Occurrence and level of emerging organic contaminant in fish and mollusk from Klang River estuary, Malaysia and assessment on human health risk, Environ. Pollut. 248 (2019) 763–773, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.envpol.2019.02.060.K. Sun, Y. Shi, X. Wang, Z. Li, Sorption and retention of diclofenac on zeolite in the presence of cationic surfactant, J. Hazard Mater. 323 (2017) 584–592, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jhazmat.2016.08.026.P.M. Peltzer, R.C. Lajmanovich, A.M. Attademo, C.M. Junges, C.M. Teglia, C. Martinuzzi, L. Curi, M.J. Culzoni, H.C. Goicoechea, Ecotoxicity of veterinary enrofloxacin and ciprofloxacin antibiotics on anuran amphibian larvae, Environ. Toxicol. Pharmacol. 51 (2017) 114–123, https://doi.org/10.1016/j. etap.2017.01.021.K. Ikehata, N. JodeiriNaghashkar, M. Gamal El-Din, Degradation of aqueous pharmaceuticals by ozonation and advanced oxidation processes: a review, Ozone: Sci. Eng. 28 (2006) 353–414, https://doi.org/10.1080/01919510600985937.M. Klavarioti, D. Mantzavinos, D. Kassinos, Removal of residual pharmaceuticals from aqueous systems by advanced oxidation processes, Environ. Int. 35 (2009) 402–417, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.envint.2008.07.009.I. Sir´es, E. Brillas, Remediation of water pollution caused by pharmaceutical residues based on electrochemical separation and degradation technologies: a review, Environ. Int. 40 (2012) 212–229, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.envint.2011.07.012.L. Feng, E.D. van Hullebusch, M.A. Rodrigo, G. Esposito, M.A. Oturan, Removal of residual anti-inflammatory and analgesic pharmaceuticals from aqueous systems by electrochemical advanced oxidation processes. A review, Chem. Eng. J. 228 (2013) 944–964, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.cej.2013.05.061.J. Rivera-Utrilla, M. S´ anchez-Polo, M.A. ´ Ferro-García, G. Prados-Joya, R. Ocampo-P´erez, Pharmaceuticals as emerging contaminants and their removal from water. A review, Chemosphere 93 (2013) 1268–1287, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.chemosphere.2013.07.059.M. Varsha, P. Senthil Kumar, B. SenthilRathi, A review on recent trends in the removal of emerging contaminants from aquatic environment using low-cost adsorbents, Chemosphere 287 (2022) 132270, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.chemosphere.2021.132270.B.N. Bhadra, P.W. Seo, S.H. Jhung, Adsorption of diclofenac sodium from water using oxidized activated carbon, Chem. Eng. J. 301 (2016) 27–34, https://doi. org/10.1016/j.cej.2016.04.143.T.R. Moro, F.R. Henrique, L.C. Malucelli, C.M.R. de Oliveira, M.A. da Silva CarvalhoFilho, E.C. de Vasconcelos, Adsorption of pharmaceuticals in water through lignocellulosic fibers synergism, Chemosphere 171 (2017) 57–65, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.chemosphere.2016.12.040.Z. Liang, Z. Zhaob, T. Sun, W. Shi, F. Cui, Adsorption of quinolone antibiotics in spherical mesoporous silica: effects of the retained template and its alkyl chain length, J. Hazard Mater. 305 (2016) 8–14, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jhazmat.2015.11.033.G.Z. Kyzas, D.N. Bikiaris, D.A. Lambropoulou, Effect of humic acid on pharmaceuticals adsorption using sulfonic acid grafted chitosan, J. Mol. Liq. 230 (2017) 1–5, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.molliq.2017.01.015.V. Calisto, G. Jaria, C.P. Silva, C.I.A. Ferreira, M. Otero, V.I. Esteves, Single and multi-component adsorption of psychiatric pharmaceuticals onto alternative and commercial carbons, J. Environ. Manag. 192 (2017) 15–24, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jenvman.2017.01.029.L. Lin, W. Jiang, P. 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Liq. 346 (2022) 118232, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.molliq.2021.118232.1011410SulfamethoxazoleKetoprofenCarbamazepineDouble layer adsorption modelingPublicationORIGINALEvaluation and analysis of the adsorption mechanism of three.pdfEvaluation and analysis of the adsorption mechanism of three.pdfapplication/pdf949023https://repositorio.cuc.edu.co/bitstreams/ee468c4c-580b-454c-be43-828378b460bb/downloadbecaf516f862ab738b562f44f2f82c85MD51LICENSElicense.txtlicense.txttext/plain; charset=utf-815543https://repositorio.cuc.edu.co/bitstreams/3b926ae3-6f11-4a29-9157-34a16618110a/download73a5432e0b76442b22b026844140d683MD52TEXTEvaluation and analysis of the adsorption mechanism of three.pdf.txtEvaluation and analysis of the adsorption mechanism of three.pdf.txtExtracted texttext/plain39309https://repositorio.cuc.edu.co/bitstreams/def74155-0101-47bb-89f5-378c6c6ad656/downloadf4d1e2fdcb4d1cd46134bcd3887e1f41MD53THUMBNAILEvaluation and analysis of the adsorption mechanism of three.pdf.jpgEvaluation and analysis of the adsorption mechanism of three.pdf.jpgGenerated Thumbnailimage/jpeg13597https://repositorio.cuc.edu.co/bitstreams/bd8e9a97-0fdd-4e1b-92f5-77f99114bfba/download9a1b9e2f92afd107323eed8832ccdc3aMD5411323/13625oai:repositorio.cuc.edu.co:11323/136252024-11-06 03:00:40.907https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/© 2024 The Authors.open.accesshttps://repositorio.cuc.edu.coRepositorio de la Universidad de la Costa 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ara ejercer estos derechos sobre la Obra tal y como se indica a continuación:</p>
    <ol type="a">
      <li>Reproducir la Obra, incorporar la Obra en una o más Obras Colectivas, y reproducir la Obra incorporada en las Obras Colectivas.</li>
      <li>Distribuir copias o fonogramas de las Obras, exhibirlas públicamente, ejecutarlas públicamente y/o ponerlas a disposición pública, incluyéndolas como incorporadas en Obras Colectivas, según corresponda.</li>
      <li>Distribuir copias de las Obras Derivadas que se generen, exhibirlas públicamente, ejecutarlas públicamente y/o ponerlas a disposición pública.</li>
    </ol>
    <p>Los derechos mencionados anteriormente pueden ser ejercidos en todos los medios y formatos, actualmente conocidos o que se inventen en el futuro. Los derechos antes mencionados incluyen el derecho a realizar dichas modificaciones en la medida que sean técnicamente necesarias para ejercer los derechos en otro medio o formatos, pero de otra manera usted no está autorizado para realizar obras derivadas. Todos los derechos no otorgados expresamente por el Licenciante quedan por este medio reservados, incluyendo pero sin limitarse a aquellos que se mencionan en las secciones 4(d) y 4(e).</p>
  </li>
  <br/>
  <li>
    Restricciones.
    <p>La licencia otorgada en la anterior Sección 3 está expresamente sujeta y limitada por las siguientes restricciones:</p>
    <ol type="a">
      <li>Usted puede distribuir, exhibir públicamente, ejecutar públicamente, o poner a disposición pública la Obra sólo bajo las condiciones de esta Licencia, y Usted debe incluir una copia de esta licencia o del Identificador Universal de Recursos de la misma con cada copia de la Obra que distribuya, exhiba públicamente, ejecute públicamente o ponga a disposición pública. No es posible ofrecer o imponer ninguna condición sobre la Obra que altere o limite las condiciones de esta Licencia o el ejercicio de los derechos de los destinatarios otorgados en este documento. No es posible sublicenciar la Obra. Usted debe mantener intactos todos los avisos que hagan referencia a esta Licencia y a la cláusula de limitación de garantías. Usted no puede distribuir, exhibir públicamente, ejecutar públicamente, o poner a disposición pública la Obra con alguna medida tecnológica que controle el acceso o la utilización de ella de una forma que sea inconsistente con las condiciones de esta Licencia. Lo anterior se aplica a la Obra incorporada a una Obra Colectiva, pero esto no exige que la Obra Colectiva aparte de la obra misma quede sujeta a las condiciones de esta Licencia. Si Usted crea una Obra Colectiva, previo aviso de cualquier Licenciante debe, en la medida de lo posible, eliminar de la Obra Colectiva cualquier referencia a dicho Licenciante o al Autor Original, según lo solicitado por el Licenciante y conforme lo exige la cláusula 4(c).</li>
      <li>Usted no puede ejercer ninguno de los derechos que le han sido otorgados en la Sección 3 precedente de modo que estén principalmente destinados o directamente dirigidos a conseguir un provecho comercial o una compensación monetaria privada. El intercambio de la Obra por otras obras protegidas por derechos de autor, ya sea a través de un sistema para compartir archivos digitales (digital file-sharing) o de cualquier otra manera no será considerado como estar destinado principalmente o dirigido directamente a conseguir un provecho comercial o una compensación monetaria privada, siempre que no se realice un pago mediante una compensación monetaria en relación con el intercambio de obras protegidas por el derecho de autor.</li>
      <li>Si usted distribuye, exhibe públicamente, ejecuta públicamente o ejecuta públicamente en forma digital la Obra o cualquier Obra Derivada u Obra Colectiva, Usted debe mantener intacta toda la información de derecho de autor de la Obra y proporcionar, de forma razonable según el medio o manera que Usted esté utilizando: (i) el nombre del Autor Original si está provisto (o seudónimo, si fuere aplicable), y/o (ii) el nombre de la parte o las partes que el Autor Original y/o el Licenciante hubieren designado para la atribución (v.g., un instituto patrocinador, editorial, publicación) en la información de los derechos de autor del Licenciante, términos de servicios o de otras formas razonables; el título de la Obra si está provisto; en la medida de lo razonablemente factible y, si está provisto, el Identificador Uniforme de Recursos (Uniform Resource Identifier) que el Licenciante especifica para ser asociado con la Obra, salvo que tal URI no se refiera a la nota sobre los derechos de autor o a la información sobre el licenciamiento de la Obra; y en el caso de una Obra Derivada, atribuir el crédito identificando el uso de la Obra en la Obra Derivada (v.g., "Traducción Francesa de la Obra del Autor Original," o "Guión Cinematográfico basado en la Obra original del Autor Original"). Tal crédito puede ser implementado de cualquier forma razonable; en el caso, sin embargo, de Obras Derivadas u Obras Colectivas, tal crédito aparecerá, como mínimo, donde aparece el crédito de cualquier otro autor comparable y de una manera, al menos, tan destacada como el crédito de otro autor comparable.</li>
      <li>
        Para evitar toda confusión, el Licenciante aclara que, cuando la obra es una composición musical:
        <ol type="i">
          <li>Regalías por interpretación y ejecución bajo licencias generales. El Licenciante se reserva el derecho exclusivo de autorizar la ejecución pública o la ejecución pública digital de la obra y de recolectar, sea individualmente o a través de una sociedad de gestión colectiva de derechos de autor y derechos conexos (por ejemplo, SAYCO), las regalías por la ejecución pública o por la ejecución pública digital de la obra (por ejemplo Webcast) licenciada bajo licencias generales, si la interpretación o ejecución de la obra está primordialmente orientada por o dirigida a la obtención de una ventaja comercial o una compensación monetaria privada.</li>
          <li>Regalías por Fonogramas. El Licenciante se reserva el derecho exclusivo de recolectar, individualmente o a través de una sociedad de gestión colectiva de derechos de autor y derechos conexos (por ejemplo, los consagrados por la SAYCO), una agencia de derechos musicales o algún agente designado, las regalías por cualquier fonograma que Usted cree a partir de la obra (“versión cover”) y distribuya, en los términos del régimen de derechos de autor, si la creación o distribución de esa versión cover está primordialmente destinada o dirigida a obtener una ventaja comercial o una compensación monetaria privada.</li>
        </ol>
      </li>
      <li>Gestión de Derechos de Autor sobre Interpretaciones y Ejecuciones Digitales (WebCasting). Para evitar toda confusión, el Licenciante aclara que, cuando la obra sea un fonograma, el Licenciante se reserva el derecho exclusivo de autorizar la ejecución pública digital de la obra (por ejemplo, webcast) y de recolectar, individualmente o a través de una sociedad de gestión colectiva de derechos de autor y derechos conexos (por ejemplo, ACINPRO), las regalías por la ejecución pública digital de la obra (por ejemplo, webcast), sujeta a las disposiciones aplicables del régimen de Derecho de Autor, si esta ejecución pública digital está primordialmente dirigida a obtener una ventaja comercial o una compensación monetaria privada.</li>
    </ol>
  </li>
  <br/>
  <li>
    Representaciones, Garantías y Limitaciones de Responsabilidad.
    <p>A MENOS QUE LAS PARTES LO ACORDARAN DE OTRA FORMA POR ESCRITO, EL LICENCIANTE OFRECE LA OBRA (EN EL ESTADO EN EL QUE SE ENCUENTRA) “TAL CUAL”, SIN BRINDAR GARANTÍAS DE CLASE ALGUNA RESPECTO DE LA OBRA, YA SEA EXPRESA, IMPLÍCITA, LEGAL O CUALQUIERA OTRA, INCLUYENDO, SIN LIMITARSE A ELLAS, GARANTÍAS DE TITULARIDAD, COMERCIABILIDAD, ADAPTABILIDAD O ADECUACIÓN A PROPÓSITO DETERMINADO, AUSENCIA DE INFRACCIÓN, DE AUSENCIA DE DEFECTOS LATENTES O DE OTRO TIPO, O LA PRESENCIA O AUSENCIA DE ERRORES, SEAN O NO DESCUBRIBLES (PUEDAN O NO SER ESTOS DESCUBIERTOS). ALGUNAS JURISDICCIONES NO PERMITEN LA EXCLUSIÓN DE GARANTÍAS IMPLÍCITAS, EN CUYO CASO ESTA EXCLUSIÓN PUEDE NO APLICARSE A USTED.</p>
  </li>
  <br/>
  <li>
    Limitación de responsabilidad.
    <p>A MENOS QUE LO EXIJA EXPRESAMENTE LA LEY APLICABLE, EL LICENCIANTE NO SERÁ RESPONSABLE ANTE USTED POR DAÑO ALGUNO, SEA POR RESPONSABILIDAD EXTRACONTRACTUAL, PRECONTRACTUAL O CONTRACTUAL, OBJETIVA O SUBJETIVA, SE TRATE DE DAÑOS MORALES O PATRIMONIALES, DIRECTOS O INDIRECTOS, PREVISTOS O IMPREVISTOS PRODUCIDOS POR EL USO DE ESTA LICENCIA O DE LA OBRA, AUN CUANDO EL LICENCIANTE HAYA SIDO ADVERTIDO DE LA POSIBILIDAD DE DICHOS DAÑOS. ALGUNAS LEYES NO PERMITEN LA EXCLUSIÓN DE CIERTA RESPONSABILIDAD, EN CUYO CASO ESTA EXCLUSIÓN PUEDE NO APLICARSE A USTED.</p>
  </li>
  <br/>
  <li>
    Término.
    <ol type="a">
      <li>Esta Licencia y los derechos otorgados en virtud de ella terminarán automáticamente si Usted infringe alguna condición establecida en ella. Sin embargo, los individuos o entidades que han recibido Obras Derivadas o Colectivas de Usted de conformidad con esta Licencia, no verán terminadas sus licencias, siempre que estos individuos o entidades sigan cumpliendo íntegramente las condiciones de estas licencias. Las Secciones 1, 2, 5, 6, 7, y 8 subsistirán a cualquier terminación de esta Licencia.</li>
      <li>Sujeta a las condiciones y términos anteriores, la licencia otorgada aquí es perpetua (durante el período de vigencia de los derechos de autor de la obra). No obstante lo anterior, el Licenciante se reserva el derecho a publicar y/o estrenar la Obra bajo condiciones de licencia diferentes o a dejar de distribuirla en los términos de esta Licencia en cualquier momento; en el entendido, sin embargo, que esa elección no servirá para revocar esta licencia o que deba ser otorgada , bajo los términos de esta licencia), y esta licencia continuará en pleno vigor y efecto a menos que sea terminada como se expresa atrás. La Licencia revocada continuará siendo plenamente vigente y efectiva si no se le da término en las condiciones indicadas anteriormente.</li>
    </ol>
  </li>
  <br/>
  <li>
    Varios.
    <ol type="a">
      <li>Cada vez que Usted distribuya o ponga a disposición pública la Obra o una Obra Colectiva, el Licenciante ofrecerá al destinatario una licencia en los mismos términos y condiciones que la licencia otorgada a Usted bajo esta Licencia.</li>
      <li>Si alguna disposición de esta Licencia resulta invalidada o no exigible, según la legislación vigente, esto no afectará ni la validez ni la aplicabilidad del resto de condiciones de esta Licencia y, sin acción adicional por parte de los sujetos de este acuerdo, aquélla se entenderá reformada lo mínimo necesario para hacer que dicha disposición sea válida y exigible.</li>
      <li>Ningún término o disposición de esta Licencia se estimará renunciada y ninguna violación de ella será consentida a menos que esa renuncia o consentimiento sea otorgado por escrito y firmado por la parte que renuncie o consienta.</li>
      <li>Esta Licencia refleja el acuerdo pleno entre las partes respecto a la Obra aquí licenciada. No hay arreglos, acuerdos o declaraciones respecto a la Obra que no estén especificados en este documento. El Licenciante no se verá limitado por ninguna disposición adicional que pueda surgir en alguna comunicación emanada de Usted. Esta Licencia no puede ser modificada sin el consentimiento mutuo por escrito del Licenciante y Usted.</li>
    </ol>
  </li>
  <br/>
</ol>
 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