Implications of surgical mask use in physical education lessons

COVID-19 is being a huge challenge for education systems. Mandatory use of face masks in presential classes may lead to psychophysiological impairment of students, which affect lessons. Thus, the aim of the present research was to analyze the effect of mask use in basal psychophysiological status of...

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Autores:
Tornero Aguilera, José Francisco
Rubio-Zarapuz, Alejandro
Clemente-Suárez, Vicente Javier
Tipo de recurso:
Article of journal
Fecha de publicación:
2021
Institución:
Corporación Universidad de la Costa
Repositorio:
REDICUC - Repositorio CUC
Idioma:
eng
OAI Identifier:
oai:repositorio.cuc.edu.co:11323/8562
Acceso en línea:
https://hdl.handle.net/11323/8562
https://repositorio.cuc.edu.co/
Palabra clave:
Covid-19
Surgical mask
Fatigue
Blood oxygen saturation
Education
Heart rate variability
Rights
embargoedAccess
License
CC0 1.0 Universal
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repository_id_str
dc.title.spa.fl_str_mv Implications of surgical mask use in physical education lessons
title Implications of surgical mask use in physical education lessons
spellingShingle Implications of surgical mask use in physical education lessons
Covid-19
Surgical mask
Fatigue
Blood oxygen saturation
Education
Heart rate variability
title_short Implications of surgical mask use in physical education lessons
title_full Implications of surgical mask use in physical education lessons
title_fullStr Implications of surgical mask use in physical education lessons
title_full_unstemmed Implications of surgical mask use in physical education lessons
title_sort Implications of surgical mask use in physical education lessons
dc.creator.fl_str_mv Tornero Aguilera, José Francisco
Rubio-Zarapuz, Alejandro
Clemente-Suárez, Vicente Javier
dc.contributor.author.spa.fl_str_mv Tornero Aguilera, José Francisco
Rubio-Zarapuz, Alejandro
Clemente-Suárez, Vicente Javier
dc.subject.spa.fl_str_mv Covid-19
Surgical mask
Fatigue
Blood oxygen saturation
Education
Heart rate variability
topic Covid-19
Surgical mask
Fatigue
Blood oxygen saturation
Education
Heart rate variability
description COVID-19 is being a huge challenge for education systems. Mandatory use of face masks in presential classes may lead to psychophysiological impairment of students, which affect lessons. Thus, the aim of the present research was to analyze the effect of mask use in basal psychophysiological status of physical education students prior to a physical education lesson. We analyzed 72 physical education students in two moments prior to two physical education lessons with 48 h between them. Blood oxygen saturation, body, temple and face temperatures, perceived stress and exertion, and heart rate variability were measured. Results showed that the use of surgical masks in physical education students produced a significant increase on subjective stress perception, sympathetic modulation, cardiovascular response, face, and temple temperature while decreasing blood oxygen saturation. We concluded that the use of surgical masks by physical education students induce modifications on the organic status, which could represent a handicap compromising the academic objectives of physical education lessons. This information can help teachers design efficient physical education lessons.
publishDate 2021
dc.date.accessioned.none.fl_str_mv 2021-08-20T13:56:22Z
dc.date.available.none.fl_str_mv 2021-08-20T13:56:22Z
dc.date.issued.none.fl_str_mv 2021-06-28
dc.date.embargoEnd.none.fl_str_mv 2022-06-28
dc.type.spa.fl_str_mv Artículo de revista
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dc.identifier.issn.spa.fl_str_mv 00319384
dc.identifier.uri.spa.fl_str_mv https://hdl.handle.net/11323/8562
dc.identifier.doi.spa.fl_str_mv 10.1016/j.physbeh.2021.113513
dc.identifier.instname.spa.fl_str_mv Corporación Universidad de la Costa
dc.identifier.reponame.spa.fl_str_mv REDICUC - Repositorio CUC
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identifier_str_mv 00319384
10.1016/j.physbeh.2021.113513
Corporación Universidad de la Costa
REDICUC - Repositorio CUC
url https://hdl.handle.net/11323/8562
https://repositorio.cuc.edu.co/
dc.language.iso.none.fl_str_mv eng
language eng
dc.relation.references.spa.fl_str_mv [1]Y.A. Helmy, M. Fawzy, A. Elaswad, A. Sobieh, S.P. Kenney, A.A. Shehata, The COVID-19 pandemic: a comprehensive review of taxonomy, genetics, epidemiology, diagnosis, treatment, and control, J. Clin. Med. 9 (4) (2020) 1225.
[2]G. Seres, A.H. Balleyer, N. Cerutti, J. Friedrichsen, Face mask use and physical distancing before and after mandatory masking: evidence from public waiting lines, Available at, SSRN 3641367 (2020).
[3]W. Knafo, COVID-19: monitoring the propagation of the first waves of the pandemic, 4 open, 3 (2020) 5.
[4]H. Melnick, L. Darling-Hammond, Reopening schools in the context of covid-19: health and safety guidelines from other countries, Policy Brief. Learn. Policy Inst.. (2020).
[5]V. Varea, G. Gonz ́alez-Calvo, Touchless classes and absent bodies: teaching physical education in times of Covid-19, Sport Educ. Soc. (2020) 1–15.
[6]J.F. Tornero-Aguilera, V.J. Clemente-Su ́arez, Cognitive and psychophysiological impact of surgical mask use during university lessons, Physiol. Behav. 234 (113342) (2021), 113342.
[7]E. Rosner, Adverse effects of prolonged mask use among health care professionals during COVID-19, J. Infect. Dis. Epidemiol. 6 (2020) 130.
[8]D.Y.T. Goh, M.W. Mun, W.L.J. Lee, O.H. Teoh, D.D. Rajgor, A randomised clinical trial to evaluate the safety, fit, comfort of a novel N95 mask in children, Sci. Rep. 9 (1) (2019) 18952.
[9]J.-.H. Kim, S.M. Benson, R.J. Roberge, Pulmonary and heart rate responses to wearing N95 filtering facepiece respirators, Am. J. Infect. Control 41 (1) (2013) 24–27.
[10]J. L ̈assing, R. Falz, C. P ̈okel, S. Fikenzer, U. Laufs, A. Schulze, N. H ̈olldobler, P. Rüdrich, M. Busse, Effects of surgical face masks on cardiopulmonary parameters during steady state exercise, Sci. Rep. 10 (1) (2020) 22363.
[11]S.L. Shein, S. Whitticar, K.K. Mascho, E. Pace, R. Speicher, K. Deakins, The effects of wearing facemasks on oxygenation and ventilation at rest and during physical activity, PLoS ONE 16 (2) (2021), e0247414.
[12]A.Y.-Y. Wong, S.K.-K. Ling, L.H.-T. Louie, G.Y.-K. Law, R.C.-H. So, D.C.-W. Lee, F. C.-F. Yau, P.S.-H Yung, Impact of the COVID-19 pandemic on sports and exercise, Asia-Pac. J. Sports Med. Arthrosc. Rehabil. Technol. 22 (2020) 39–44.
[13]K. Shaw, G.A. Zello, S. Butcher, J. Ko, L. Bertrand, P.D. Chilibeck, The impact of face masks on performance and physiological outcomes during exercise: a systematic review and meta-analysis, Appl. Physiol. Nutr. Metab. (2021), https:// doi.org/10.1139/apnm-2021-0143.
[14]J.F. Tornero-Aguilera, J.J. Robles-P ́erez, V.J. Clemente-Su ́arez, Could combat stress affect journalists’ news reporting? A psychophysiological response, Appl. Psychophysiol. Biofeedback 45 (4) (2020) 231–239.
[15]C.H. Vinkers, R. Penning, J. Hellhammer, J.C. Verster, J.H.G.M. Klaessens, B. Olivier, C.J. Kalkman, The effect of stress on core and peripheral body temperature in humans, Stress 16 (5) (2013) 520–530.
[16]A.I. Beltr ́an-Velasco, P. S ́anchez-Conde, D.J. Ramos-Campo, V.J. Clemente-Su ́arez, Monitorization of autonomic stress response of nurse students in hospital clinical simulation, Biomed. Re.s Int. (2021), 6641425. 2021.
[17]F. Shaffer, J.P. Ginsberg, An overview of heart rate variability metrics and norms, Front. Public Health 5 (2017) 258.
[18]Caf ́e, H.M., Leit ̃ao, M., Freitas, A., & Marreiros, A. (2021). Surgical mask use in physical exercise in young healthy subjects-SUME trial.
[19]A. Scarano, F. Inchingolo, B. Rapone, F. Festa, S.R. Tari, F. Lorusso, Protective face masks: effect on the oxygenation and heart rate status of oral surgeons during surgery, Int.J. Environ. Res. Public Health 18 (5) (2021), https://doi.org/10.3390/ ijerph18052363.
[20]C. K ̈oseo ̆glu Toksoy, H. Demirbas ̧, E. Bozkurt, H. Acar, Ü Türk B ̈orü, Headache related to mask use of healthcare workers in COVID-19 pandemic, Korean J. Pain 34 (2) (2021) 241–245.
[21]S. Driver, M. Reynolds, K. Brown, J.L. Vingren, D.W. Hill, M. Bennett, T. Gilliland, E. McShan, L. Callender, E. Reynolds, N. Borunda, J. Mosolf, C. Cates, A. Jones, Effects of wearing a cloth face mask on performance, physiological and perceptual responses during a graded treadmill running exercise test, Br. J. Sports Med. (2021) bjsports-2020-103758.
[22]D. Epstein, A. Korytny, Y. Isenberg, E. Marcusohn, R. Zukermann, B. Bishop, S. Minha, A. Raz, A. Miller, Return to training in the COVID-19 era: the physiological effects of face masks during exercise, Scand. J. Med. Sci. Sports 31 (1) (2021) 70–75.
[23]S.R. Hopkins, P.B. Dominelli, C.K. Davis, J.A. Guenette, A.M. Luks, Y. Molgat-Seon, R.C. S ́a, A.W. Sheel, E.R. Swenson, M.K. Stickland, Face masks and the cardiorespiratory response to physical activity in health and disease, Ann. Am. Thorac. Soc. 18 (3) (2021) 399–407.
[24]B. Chandrasekaran, S. Fernandes, Exercise with facemask; are we handling a devil’s sword?”–a physiological hypothesis, Med. Hypotheses 144 (2020), 110002.
[25]R.J. Roberge, J.-.H. Kim, A. Coca, Protective facemask impact on human thermoregulation: an overview, Ann. Occup. Hyg. 56 (1) (2012) 102–112.
[26]M. Nakamura, T. Yoda, L.I. Crawshaw, M. Kasuga, Y. Uchida, K. Tokizawa, K. Nagashima, K. Kanosue, Relative importance of different surface regions for thermal comfort in humans, Eur. J. Appl. Physiol. 113 (1) (2013) 63–76.
[27] ́A. Bustamante-S ́anchez, J.F. Tornero-Aguilera, V.E. Fern ́andez-Elías, A. J. Horme ̃no-Holgado, A.A. Dalamitros, V.J. Clemente-Su ́arez, Effect of stress on autonomic and cardiovascular systems in military population: a systematic review, Cardiol. Res. Pract. 2020 (2020), 7986249.
[28]A.I. Beltr ́an-Velasco, A. Bellido-Esteban, P. Ruisoto-Palomera, V.J. Clemente- Su ́arez, Use of portable digital devices to analyze autonomic stress response in psychology objective structured clinical examination, J. Med. Syst. 42 (2) (2018) 35.
[29]A.I. Beltr ́an-Velasco, D. Mendoza-Castej ́on, J.P. Fuentes-García, V.J. Clemente- Su ́arez, Behavioural, psychological, and physiological stress markers and academic performance in immigrant and non-immigrant preschool and school students, Physiol. Behav. 225 (113081) (2020), 113081.
[30]L. Redondo-Fl ́orez, J.F. Tornero-Aguilera, V.J. Clemente-Su ́arez, Could academic experience modulate psychophysiological stress response of biomedical sciences students in laboratory? Physiol. Behav. 223 (2020), 113017.
[31]J.F. Tornero-Aguilera, J.G. Pelarigo, V.J. Clemente-Su ́arez, Psychophysiological intervention to improve preparedness in military special operations forces, Aerosp. Med. Hum. Perform. 90 (11) (2019) 953–958.
[32]A. Scarano, F. Inchingolo, F. Lorusso, Facial skin temperature and discomfort when wearing protective face masks: thermal infrared imaging evaluation and hands moving the mask, Int. J. Environ. Res. Public Health 17 (13) (2020) 4624.
[33]W.L. Yip, L.P. Leung, P.F. Lau, H.K. Tong, The effect of wearing a face mask on body temperature, Hong Kong J. Emerg. Me. 12 (1) (2005) 23–27.
[34]R.J. Roberge, J.H. Kim, S.M. Benson, Absence of consequential changes in physiological, thermal and subjective responses from wearing a surgical mask, Respir. Physiol. Neurobiol. 181 (1) (2012) 29–35. J.F. Tornero-Aguilera et al.
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spelling Tornero Aguilera, José FranciscoRubio-Zarapuz, AlejandroClemente-Suárez, Vicente Javier2021-08-20T13:56:22Z2021-08-20T13:56:22Z2021-06-282022-06-2800319384https://hdl.handle.net/11323/856210.1016/j.physbeh.2021.113513Corporación Universidad de la CostaREDICUC - Repositorio CUChttps://repositorio.cuc.edu.co/COVID-19 is being a huge challenge for education systems. Mandatory use of face masks in presential classes may lead to psychophysiological impairment of students, which affect lessons. Thus, the aim of the present research was to analyze the effect of mask use in basal psychophysiological status of physical education students prior to a physical education lesson. We analyzed 72 physical education students in two moments prior to two physical education lessons with 48 h between them. Blood oxygen saturation, body, temple and face temperatures, perceived stress and exertion, and heart rate variability were measured. Results showed that the use of surgical masks in physical education students produced a significant increase on subjective stress perception, sympathetic modulation, cardiovascular response, face, and temple temperature while decreasing blood oxygen saturation. We concluded that the use of surgical masks by physical education students induce modifications on the organic status, which could represent a handicap compromising the academic objectives of physical education lessons. This information can help teachers design efficient physical education lessons.Tornero Aguilera, José Francisco-will be generated-orcid-0000-0002-0747-8133-600Rubio-Zarapuz, AlejandroClemente-Suárez, Vicente Javier-will be generated-orcid-0000-0002-2397-2801-600application/pdfengPhysiology and BehaviorCC0 1.0 Universalhttp://creativecommons.org/publicdomain/zero/1.0/info:eu-repo/semantics/embargoedAccesshttp://purl.org/coar/access_right/c_f1cfCovid-19Surgical maskFatigueBlood oxygen saturationEducationHeart rate variabilityImplications of surgical mask use in physical education lessonsArtículo de revistahttp://purl.org/coar/resource_type/c_6501http://purl.org/coar/resource_type/c_2df8fbb1Textinfo:eu-repo/semantics/articlehttp://purl.org/redcol/resource_type/ARTinfo:eu-repo/semantics/acceptedVersionhttps://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0031938421002031?via%3Dihub#![1]Y.A. Helmy, M. Fawzy, A. Elaswad, A. Sobieh, S.P. Kenney, A.A. Shehata, The COVID-19 pandemic: a comprehensive review of taxonomy, genetics, epidemiology, diagnosis, treatment, and control, J. Clin. Med. 9 (4) (2020) 1225.[2]G. Seres, A.H. Balleyer, N. Cerutti, J. Friedrichsen, Face mask use and physical distancing before and after mandatory masking: evidence from public waiting lines, Available at, SSRN 3641367 (2020).[3]W. Knafo, COVID-19: monitoring the propagation of the first waves of the pandemic, 4 open, 3 (2020) 5.[4]H. Melnick, L. Darling-Hammond, Reopening schools in the context of covid-19: health and safety guidelines from other countries, Policy Brief. Learn. Policy Inst.. (2020).[5]V. Varea, G. Gonz ́alez-Calvo, Touchless classes and absent bodies: teaching physical education in times of Covid-19, Sport Educ. Soc. (2020) 1–15.[6]J.F. Tornero-Aguilera, V.J. Clemente-Su ́arez, Cognitive and psychophysiological impact of surgical mask use during university lessons, Physiol. Behav. 234 (113342) (2021), 113342.[7]E. Rosner, Adverse effects of prolonged mask use among health care professionals during COVID-19, J. Infect. Dis. Epidemiol. 6 (2020) 130.[8]D.Y.T. Goh, M.W. Mun, W.L.J. Lee, O.H. Teoh, D.D. Rajgor, A randomised clinical trial to evaluate the safety, fit, comfort of a novel N95 mask in children, Sci. Rep. 9 (1) (2019) 18952.[9]J.-.H. Kim, S.M. Benson, R.J. Roberge, Pulmonary and heart rate responses to wearing N95 filtering facepiece respirators, Am. J. Infect. Control 41 (1) (2013) 24–27.[10]J. L ̈assing, R. Falz, C. P ̈okel, S. Fikenzer, U. Laufs, A. Schulze, N. H ̈olldobler, P. Rüdrich, M. Busse, Effects of surgical face masks on cardiopulmonary parameters during steady state exercise, Sci. Rep. 10 (1) (2020) 22363.[11]S.L. Shein, S. Whitticar, K.K. Mascho, E. Pace, R. Speicher, K. Deakins, The effects of wearing facemasks on oxygenation and ventilation at rest and during physical activity, PLoS ONE 16 (2) (2021), e0247414.[12]A.Y.-Y. Wong, S.K.-K. Ling, L.H.-T. Louie, G.Y.-K. Law, R.C.-H. So, D.C.-W. Lee, F. C.-F. Yau, P.S.-H Yung, Impact of the COVID-19 pandemic on sports and exercise, Asia-Pac. J. Sports Med. Arthrosc. Rehabil. Technol. 22 (2020) 39–44.[13]K. Shaw, G.A. Zello, S. Butcher, J. Ko, L. Bertrand, P.D. Chilibeck, The impact of face masks on performance and physiological outcomes during exercise: a systematic review and meta-analysis, Appl. Physiol. Nutr. Metab. (2021), https:// doi.org/10.1139/apnm-2021-0143.[14]J.F. Tornero-Aguilera, J.J. Robles-P ́erez, V.J. Clemente-Su ́arez, Could combat stress affect journalists’ news reporting? A psychophysiological response, Appl. Psychophysiol. Biofeedback 45 (4) (2020) 231–239.[15]C.H. Vinkers, R. Penning, J. Hellhammer, J.C. Verster, J.H.G.M. Klaessens, B. Olivier, C.J. Kalkman, The effect of stress on core and peripheral body temperature in humans, Stress 16 (5) (2013) 520–530.[16]A.I. Beltr ́an-Velasco, P. S ́anchez-Conde, D.J. Ramos-Campo, V.J. Clemente-Su ́arez, Monitorization of autonomic stress response of nurse students in hospital clinical simulation, Biomed. Re.s Int. (2021), 6641425. 2021.[17]F. Shaffer, J.P. Ginsberg, An overview of heart rate variability metrics and norms, Front. Public Health 5 (2017) 258.[18]Caf ́e, H.M., Leit ̃ao, M., Freitas, A., & Marreiros, A. (2021). Surgical mask use in physical exercise in young healthy subjects-SUME trial.[19]A. Scarano, F. Inchingolo, B. Rapone, F. Festa, S.R. Tari, F. Lorusso, Protective face masks: effect on the oxygenation and heart rate status of oral surgeons during surgery, Int.J. Environ. Res. Public Health 18 (5) (2021), https://doi.org/10.3390/ ijerph18052363.[20]C. K ̈oseo ̆glu Toksoy, H. Demirbas ̧, E. Bozkurt, H. Acar, Ü Türk B ̈orü, Headache related to mask use of healthcare workers in COVID-19 pandemic, Korean J. Pain 34 (2) (2021) 241–245.[21]S. Driver, M. Reynolds, K. Brown, J.L. Vingren, D.W. Hill, M. Bennett, T. Gilliland, E. McShan, L. Callender, E. Reynolds, N. Borunda, J. Mosolf, C. Cates, A. Jones, Effects of wearing a cloth face mask on performance, physiological and perceptual responses during a graded treadmill running exercise test, Br. J. Sports Med. (2021) bjsports-2020-103758.[22]D. Epstein, A. Korytny, Y. Isenberg, E. Marcusohn, R. Zukermann, B. Bishop, S. Minha, A. Raz, A. Miller, Return to training in the COVID-19 era: the physiological effects of face masks during exercise, Scand. J. Med. Sci. Sports 31 (1) (2021) 70–75.[23]S.R. Hopkins, P.B. Dominelli, C.K. Davis, J.A. Guenette, A.M. Luks, Y. Molgat-Seon, R.C. S ́a, A.W. Sheel, E.R. Swenson, M.K. Stickland, Face masks and the cardiorespiratory response to physical activity in health and disease, Ann. Am. Thorac. Soc. 18 (3) (2021) 399–407.[24]B. Chandrasekaran, S. Fernandes, Exercise with facemask; are we handling a devil’s sword?”–a physiological hypothesis, Med. Hypotheses 144 (2020), 110002.[25]R.J. Roberge, J.-.H. Kim, A. Coca, Protective facemask impact on human thermoregulation: an overview, Ann. Occup. Hyg. 56 (1) (2012) 102–112.[26]M. Nakamura, T. Yoda, L.I. Crawshaw, M. Kasuga, Y. Uchida, K. Tokizawa, K. Nagashima, K. Kanosue, Relative importance of different surface regions for thermal comfort in humans, Eur. J. Appl. Physiol. 113 (1) (2013) 63–76.[27] ́A. Bustamante-S ́anchez, J.F. Tornero-Aguilera, V.E. Fern ́andez-Elías, A. J. Horme ̃no-Holgado, A.A. Dalamitros, V.J. Clemente-Su ́arez, Effect of stress on autonomic and cardiovascular systems in military population: a systematic review, Cardiol. Res. Pract. 2020 (2020), 7986249.[28]A.I. Beltr ́an-Velasco, A. Bellido-Esteban, P. Ruisoto-Palomera, V.J. Clemente- Su ́arez, Use of portable digital devices to analyze autonomic stress response in psychology objective structured clinical examination, J. Med. Syst. 42 (2) (2018) 35.[29]A.I. Beltr ́an-Velasco, D. Mendoza-Castej ́on, J.P. Fuentes-García, V.J. Clemente- Su ́arez, Behavioural, psychological, and physiological stress markers and academic performance in immigrant and non-immigrant preschool and school students, Physiol. Behav. 225 (113081) (2020), 113081.[30]L. Redondo-Fl ́orez, J.F. Tornero-Aguilera, V.J. Clemente-Su ́arez, Could academic experience modulate psychophysiological stress response of biomedical sciences students in laboratory? Physiol. Behav. 223 (2020), 113017.[31]J.F. Tornero-Aguilera, J.G. Pelarigo, V.J. Clemente-Su ́arez, Psychophysiological intervention to improve preparedness in military special operations forces, Aerosp. Med. Hum. Perform. 90 (11) (2019) 953–958.[32]A. Scarano, F. Inchingolo, F. Lorusso, Facial skin temperature and discomfort when wearing protective face masks: thermal infrared imaging evaluation and hands moving the mask, Int. J. Environ. Res. Public Health 17 (13) (2020) 4624.[33]W.L. Yip, L.P. Leung, P.F. Lau, H.K. Tong, The effect of wearing a face mask on body temperature, Hong Kong J. Emerg. Me. 12 (1) (2005) 23–27.[34]R.J. Roberge, J.H. Kim, S.M. Benson, Absence of consequential changes in physiological, thermal and subjective responses from wearing a surgical mask, Respir. Physiol. Neurobiol. 181 (1) (2012) 29–35. J.F. 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