Management and Control of Variables for the Generation of Biogas from Pig Zungo

This research focuses on determining the potential of biogas generation for combustion from the Zungo pig manure (manure mixture of the three sizes of the pig in a proportion of 33.33% for each size) located in the department of the Atlantic-Colombia. The properties of the biogas obtained were evalu...

Full description

Autores:
Rodriguez Toscano, Andres
Piñeres Castillo, Aurora Patricia
MOJICA HERAZO, JULIO CESAR
Leal López, Rubén Hernán
Ramírez Restrepo, Rafael Antonio
Tipo de recurso:
Article of journal
Fecha de publicación:
2020
Institución:
Corporación Universidad de la Costa
Repositorio:
REDICUC - Repositorio CUC
Idioma:
eng
OAI Identifier:
oai:repositorio.cuc.edu.co:11323/7928
Acceso en línea:
https://hdl.handle.net/11323/7928
https://doi.org/10.1016/j.procs.2020.10.036
https://repositorio.cuc.edu.co/
Palabra clave:
Biogas
Biomass
Manure
Pig
Combustion
Biogás
Biomasa
Estiércol
Cerdo
Combustión
Rights
openAccess
License
CC0 1.0 Universal
id RCUC2_3433386fcf410431933e828d781cd883
oai_identifier_str oai:repositorio.cuc.edu.co:11323/7928
network_acronym_str RCUC2
network_name_str REDICUC - Repositorio CUC
repository_id_str
dc.title.spa.fl_str_mv Management and Control of Variables for the Generation of Biogas from Pig Zungo
dc.title.translated.spa.fl_str_mv Gestión y Control de Variables para la Generación de Biogás de Cerdo Zungo
title Management and Control of Variables for the Generation of Biogas from Pig Zungo
spellingShingle Management and Control of Variables for the Generation of Biogas from Pig Zungo
Biogas
Biomass
Manure
Pig
Combustion
Biogás
Biomasa
Estiércol
Cerdo
Combustión
title_short Management and Control of Variables for the Generation of Biogas from Pig Zungo
title_full Management and Control of Variables for the Generation of Biogas from Pig Zungo
title_fullStr Management and Control of Variables for the Generation of Biogas from Pig Zungo
title_full_unstemmed Management and Control of Variables for the Generation of Biogas from Pig Zungo
title_sort Management and Control of Variables for the Generation of Biogas from Pig Zungo
dc.creator.fl_str_mv Rodriguez Toscano, Andres
Piñeres Castillo, Aurora Patricia
MOJICA HERAZO, JULIO CESAR
Leal López, Rubén Hernán
Ramírez Restrepo, Rafael Antonio
dc.contributor.author.spa.fl_str_mv Rodriguez Toscano, Andres
Piñeres Castillo, Aurora Patricia
MOJICA HERAZO, JULIO CESAR
Leal López, Rubén Hernán
Ramírez Restrepo, Rafael Antonio
dc.subject.spa.fl_str_mv Biogas
Biomass
Manure
Pig
Combustion
Biogás
Biomasa
Estiércol
Cerdo
Combustión
topic Biogas
Biomass
Manure
Pig
Combustion
Biogás
Biomasa
Estiércol
Cerdo
Combustión
description This research focuses on determining the potential of biogas generation for combustion from the Zungo pig manure (manure mixture of the three sizes of the pig in a proportion of 33.33% for each size) located in the department of the Atlantic-Colombia. The properties of the biogas obtained were evaluated with a gas analyzer and a chromatograph, demonstrating that, under controlled temperature conditions, after the bio digestion of Zungo pig manure there is a methane content greater than 50%, which is acceptable demonstrating that this biogas is flammable. It was also established that there is a correlation between pH and methane content in biogas, so it is required to control it in the process.
publishDate 2020
dc.date.issued.none.fl_str_mv 2020
dc.date.accessioned.none.fl_str_mv 2021-02-25T19:20:18Z
dc.date.available.none.fl_str_mv 2021-02-25T19:20:18Z
dc.type.spa.fl_str_mv Artículo de revista
dc.type.coar.fl_str_mv http://purl.org/coar/resource_type/c_2df8fbb1
dc.type.coar.spa.fl_str_mv http://purl.org/coar/resource_type/c_6501
dc.type.content.spa.fl_str_mv Text
dc.type.driver.spa.fl_str_mv info:eu-repo/semantics/article
dc.type.redcol.spa.fl_str_mv http://purl.org/redcol/resource_type/ART
dc.type.version.spa.fl_str_mv info:eu-repo/semantics/acceptedVersion
format http://purl.org/coar/resource_type/c_6501
status_str acceptedVersion
dc.identifier.issn.spa.fl_str_mv 18770509
dc.identifier.uri.spa.fl_str_mv https://hdl.handle.net/11323/7928
dc.identifier.doi.spa.fl_str_mv https://doi.org/10.1016/j.procs.2020.10.036
dc.identifier.instname.spa.fl_str_mv Corporación Universidad de la Costa
dc.identifier.reponame.spa.fl_str_mv REDICUC - Repositorio CUC
dc.identifier.repourl.spa.fl_str_mv https://repositorio.cuc.edu.co/
identifier_str_mv 18770509
Corporación Universidad de la Costa
REDICUC - Repositorio CUC
url https://hdl.handle.net/11323/7928
https://doi.org/10.1016/j.procs.2020.10.036
https://repositorio.cuc.edu.co/
dc.language.iso.none.fl_str_mv eng
language eng
dc.relation.references.spa.fl_str_mv [1] J. Silva, J. Mojica, R. Rojas, O. Bonerge, W. Morgado y N. Varela, «Early warning method for the commodity prices based on artificial neural networks: SMEs case,» Procedia Computer Science, vol. 151, pp. 1243-1248, 2019.
[2] UPME, «Estimación del potencial de conversión a biogás de,» 2018.
[3] k. Ehsanul, K. Pawan, K. Sandeep, A. Adedeji y K. Ki-Hyun, «Solar energy: Potential and future prospects,» Renewable and Sustainable Energy Reviews, vol. 82, pp. 849-900, 2018.
[4] L. Castelló, J. L. Aleixandre y R. Aleixandre, «Renewable energies: Worldwide trends in research, funding and international collaboration,» Renewable Energy, vol. 139, pp. 268-278, 2019.
[5] A. Sagastume, J. Cabello, L. Hens y C. Vandecasteele , «The Biomass Based Electricity Generation Potential of the Province of Cienfuegos, Cuba,» Waste Biomass Valor, vol. 8, pp. 2075-2085, 2017.
[6] A. Abdu y F. Inambao, «Bioethanol production from different Matooke peels species: A surprising source for alternative fuel,» Case Studies in Thermal Engineering, vol. 13, 2018.
[7] A. Rodriguez, J. Mojica, R. Rojas, H. Hernández y J. Saucedo, «Approach methodology for the sustainable design of packaging through computational tools: Case study: Water bottles,» Case Studies in Thermal Engineering, vol. 16, 2019.
[8] E. Pursiheimo, H. Holttinen y T. Koljonen, «Inter-sectoral effects of high renewable energy share in global energy system,» Renewable Energy, vol. 136, pp. 1119-1129, 2019.
[9] N. Jing, Z. Mingdian, P. Xiaofang, L. Chunxing, L. Nan, W. Tao, C. Guanjing, W. Ruming, L. Junjie y Z. Gefu, «Simultaneous biogas and biogas slurry production from co-digestion of pig manure and corn straw: Performance optimization and microbial community shift,» Bioresource Technology, vol. 282, pp. 37 47, 2019.
[10] M. L. Veroneze, D. Schwantes, A. GonçalvesJr, A. Richard, J. Manfrin, A. Schiller y T. Bana Schuba, «Production of biogas and biofertilizer using anaerobic reactors with swine manure and glycerin doses,» Journal of cleaner production, vol. 213, pp. 176-184, 2019.
[11] E. M. Mano Esteves, A. M. Naranjo Herrera, V. P. Peçanha Esteves y C. d. R. Vaz Morgado, «Life cycle assessment of manure biogas production: A review,» Journal of Cleaner Production, vol. 219, pp. 411-423, 2019.
[12] N. Scarlat, F. Fahl, J.-F. Dallemand, F. Monforti y V. Motola, «A spatial analysis of biogas potential from manure in Europe,» Renewable and Sustainable Energy Reviews, vol. 94, pp. 915-930, 2018.
[13] UPME, «Ley 1715 Integración de las energías renovables no convencionales en Colombia,» Bogota, 2014.
[14] Contexto Ganadero, «Contexto Ganadero,» 21 Abril 2017. [En línea]. Available: https://www.contextoganadero.com/agricultura/este-es-el-panorama-del-cerdo-criollo-colombiano.
[15] Preidencia de Colombia, [En línea]. Available: http://es.presidencia.gov.co/normativa/leyes.
[16] R. Sabogal Ospina y A. Owen, «El cerdo Zungo,» Animal Genetic Resources, vol. 9, pp. 77-83, 1992.
[17] H. J. Anzola Vásquez, los animales domesticos criollos y colombianos en la, bogotá: ICA, 2000.
[18] M. A. Suana Revidatti, Caracterización de cerdos criollos en el nordeste argentino, España, 2009.
dc.rights.spa.fl_str_mv CC0 1.0 Universal
dc.rights.uri.spa.fl_str_mv http://creativecommons.org/publicdomain/zero/1.0/
dc.rights.accessrights.spa.fl_str_mv info:eu-repo/semantics/openAccess
dc.rights.coar.spa.fl_str_mv http://purl.org/coar/access_right/c_abf2
rights_invalid_str_mv CC0 1.0 Universal
http://creativecommons.org/publicdomain/zero/1.0/
http://purl.org/coar/access_right/c_abf2
eu_rights_str_mv openAccess
dc.format.mimetype.spa.fl_str_mv application/pdf
dc.publisher.spa.fl_str_mv Corporación Universidad de la Costa
dc.source.spa.fl_str_mv Procedia Computer Science
institution Corporación Universidad de la Costa
dc.source.url.spa.fl_str_mv https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S1877050920323036
bitstream.url.fl_str_mv https://repositorio.cuc.edu.co/bitstreams/cb2c95a9-ccd6-4d04-80ef-dd344df8fb17/download
https://repositorio.cuc.edu.co/bitstreams/45cf6c54-3584-4413-a7c1-9f1c8b15d5f2/download
https://repositorio.cuc.edu.co/bitstreams/516555d0-f076-48dc-8ee5-61d2dd76442b/download
https://repositorio.cuc.edu.co/bitstreams/b6615d6c-8cb5-4834-8837-41cae5e3bffb/download
https://repositorio.cuc.edu.co/bitstreams/2f9a6516-bcbe-4915-9e06-2190cd5e013d/download
bitstream.checksum.fl_str_mv 4e0a8e53386945fc0be719c56db97382
e30e9215131d99561d40d6b0abbe9bad
42fd4ad1e89814f5e4a476b409eb708c
c224ceb26eb82beee8b21138cab30238
3483799caf50fb28e53501d0f39a035f
bitstream.checksumAlgorithm.fl_str_mv MD5
MD5
MD5
MD5
MD5
repository.name.fl_str_mv Repositorio de la Universidad de la Costa CUC
repository.mail.fl_str_mv repdigital@cuc.edu.co
_version_ 1811760696631754752
spelling Rodriguez Toscano, AndresPiñeres Castillo, Aurora PatriciaMOJICA HERAZO, JULIO CESARLeal López, Rubén HernánRamírez Restrepo, Rafael Antonio2021-02-25T19:20:18Z2021-02-25T19:20:18Z202018770509https://hdl.handle.net/11323/7928https://doi.org/10.1016/j.procs.2020.10.036Corporación Universidad de la CostaREDICUC - Repositorio CUChttps://repositorio.cuc.edu.co/This research focuses on determining the potential of biogas generation for combustion from the Zungo pig manure (manure mixture of the three sizes of the pig in a proportion of 33.33% for each size) located in the department of the Atlantic-Colombia. The properties of the biogas obtained were evaluated with a gas analyzer and a chromatograph, demonstrating that, under controlled temperature conditions, after the bio digestion of Zungo pig manure there is a methane content greater than 50%, which is acceptable demonstrating that this biogas is flammable. It was also established that there is a correlation between pH and methane content in biogas, so it is required to control it in the process.Esta investigación se enfoca en determinar el potencial de generación de biogás para combustión a partir del estiércol de cerdo Zungo (mezcla de estiércol de los tres tamaños del cerdo en una proporción de 33,33% para cada tamaño) ubicado en el departamento del Atlántico-Colombia. Las propiedades del biogás obtenido se evaluaron con un analizador de gases y un cromatógrafo, demostrando que, en condiciones de temperatura controlada, luego de la biodigestión del estiércol de cerdo Zungo existe un contenido de metano superior al 50%, lo cual es aceptable demostrando que este biogás es inflamable. También se estableció que existe una correlación entre el pH y el contenido de metano en el biogás, por lo que se requiere controlarlo en el proceso.Rodriguez Toscano, Andres-will be generated-orcid-0000-0001-7470-3284-600Piñeres Castillo, Aurora Patricia-will be generated-orcid-0000-0003-2445-8297-600MOJICA HERAZO, JULIO CESAR-will be generated-orcid-0000-0003-2078-7843-600Leal López, Rubén Hernán-will be generated-orcid-0000-0003-4002-6195-600Ramírez Restrepo, Rafael Antonio-will be generated-orcid-0000-0001-6947-4122-600application/pdfengCorporación Universidad de la CostaCC0 1.0 Universalhttp://creativecommons.org/publicdomain/zero/1.0/info:eu-repo/semantics/openAccesshttp://purl.org/coar/access_right/c_abf2Procedia Computer Sciencehttps://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S1877050920323036BiogasBiomassManurePigCombustionBiogásBiomasaEstiércolCerdoCombustiónManagement and Control of Variables for the Generation of Biogas from Pig ZungoGestión y Control de Variables para la Generación de Biogás de Cerdo ZungoArtículo de revistahttp://purl.org/coar/resource_type/c_6501http://purl.org/coar/resource_type/c_2df8fbb1Textinfo:eu-repo/semantics/articlehttp://purl.org/redcol/resource_type/ARTinfo:eu-repo/semantics/acceptedVersion[1] J. Silva, J. Mojica, R. Rojas, O. Bonerge, W. Morgado y N. Varela, «Early warning method for the commodity prices based on artificial neural networks: SMEs case,» Procedia Computer Science, vol. 151, pp. 1243-1248, 2019.[2] UPME, «Estimación del potencial de conversión a biogás de,» 2018.[3] k. Ehsanul, K. Pawan, K. Sandeep, A. Adedeji y K. Ki-Hyun, «Solar energy: Potential and future prospects,» Renewable and Sustainable Energy Reviews, vol. 82, pp. 849-900, 2018.[4] L. Castelló, J. L. Aleixandre y R. Aleixandre, «Renewable energies: Worldwide trends in research, funding and international collaboration,» Renewable Energy, vol. 139, pp. 268-278, 2019.[5] A. Sagastume, J. Cabello, L. Hens y C. Vandecasteele , «The Biomass Based Electricity Generation Potential of the Province of Cienfuegos, Cuba,» Waste Biomass Valor, vol. 8, pp. 2075-2085, 2017.[6] A. Abdu y F. Inambao, «Bioethanol production from different Matooke peels species: A surprising source for alternative fuel,» Case Studies in Thermal Engineering, vol. 13, 2018.[7] A. Rodriguez, J. Mojica, R. Rojas, H. Hernández y J. Saucedo, «Approach methodology for the sustainable design of packaging through computational tools: Case study: Water bottles,» Case Studies in Thermal Engineering, vol. 16, 2019.[8] E. Pursiheimo, H. Holttinen y T. Koljonen, «Inter-sectoral effects of high renewable energy share in global energy system,» Renewable Energy, vol. 136, pp. 1119-1129, 2019.[9] N. Jing, Z. Mingdian, P. Xiaofang, L. Chunxing, L. Nan, W. Tao, C. Guanjing, W. Ruming, L. Junjie y Z. Gefu, «Simultaneous biogas and biogas slurry production from co-digestion of pig manure and corn straw: Performance optimization and microbial community shift,» Bioresource Technology, vol. 282, pp. 37 47, 2019.[10] M. L. Veroneze, D. Schwantes, A. GonçalvesJr, A. Richard, J. Manfrin, A. Schiller y T. Bana Schuba, «Production of biogas and biofertilizer using anaerobic reactors with swine manure and glycerin doses,» Journal of cleaner production, vol. 213, pp. 176-184, 2019.[11] E. M. Mano Esteves, A. M. Naranjo Herrera, V. P. Peçanha Esteves y C. d. R. Vaz Morgado, «Life cycle assessment of manure biogas production: A review,» Journal of Cleaner Production, vol. 219, pp. 411-423, 2019.[12] N. Scarlat, F. Fahl, J.-F. Dallemand, F. Monforti y V. Motola, «A spatial analysis of biogas potential from manure in Europe,» Renewable and Sustainable Energy Reviews, vol. 94, pp. 915-930, 2018.[13] UPME, «Ley 1715 Integración de las energías renovables no convencionales en Colombia,» Bogota, 2014.[14] Contexto Ganadero, «Contexto Ganadero,» 21 Abril 2017. [En línea]. Available: https://www.contextoganadero.com/agricultura/este-es-el-panorama-del-cerdo-criollo-colombiano.[15] Preidencia de Colombia, [En línea]. Available: http://es.presidencia.gov.co/normativa/leyes.[16] R. Sabogal Ospina y A. Owen, «El cerdo Zungo,» Animal Genetic Resources, vol. 9, pp. 77-83, 1992.[17] H. J. Anzola Vásquez, los animales domesticos criollos y colombianos en la, bogotá: ICA, 2000.[18] M. A. Suana Revidatti, Caracterización de cerdos criollos en el nordeste argentino, España, 2009.PublicationORIGINALManagement and Control of Variables for the Generation of Biogas.pdfManagement and Control of Variables for the Generation of Biogas.pdfapplication/pdf541960https://repositorio.cuc.edu.co/bitstreams/cb2c95a9-ccd6-4d04-80ef-dd344df8fb17/download4e0a8e53386945fc0be719c56db97382MD51LICENSElicense.txtlicense.txttext/plain; charset=utf-83196https://repositorio.cuc.edu.co/bitstreams/45cf6c54-3584-4413-a7c1-9f1c8b15d5f2/downloade30e9215131d99561d40d6b0abbe9badMD53CC-LICENSElicense_rdflicense_rdfapplication/rdf+xml; charset=utf-8701https://repositorio.cuc.edu.co/bitstreams/516555d0-f076-48dc-8ee5-61d2dd76442b/download42fd4ad1e89814f5e4a476b409eb708cMD52THUMBNAILManagement and Control of Variables for the Generation of Biogas.pdf.jpgManagement and Control of Variables for the Generation of Biogas.pdf.jpgimage/jpeg42448https://repositorio.cuc.edu.co/bitstreams/b6615d6c-8cb5-4834-8837-41cae5e3bffb/downloadc224ceb26eb82beee8b21138cab30238MD54TEXTManagement and Control of Variables for the Generation of Biogas.pdf.txtManagement and Control of Variables for the Generation of Biogas.pdf.txttext/plain17884https://repositorio.cuc.edu.co/bitstreams/2f9a6516-bcbe-4915-9e06-2190cd5e013d/download3483799caf50fb28e53501d0f39a035fMD5511323/7928oai:repositorio.cuc.edu.co:11323/79282024-09-17 10:15:57.47http://creativecommons.org/publicdomain/zero/1.0/CC0 1.0 Universalopen.accesshttps://repositorio.cuc.edu.coRepositorio de la Universidad de la Costa CUCrepdigital@cuc.edu.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