Municipal energy management model for Cuban first level municipalities

The Government of Cuba proposed in the year 2011 an update of the economic and social model, where the management of energy is an element of influence in the economy of the country. This led to the approval of a policy for the development of renewable sources and the efficient use of energy. Another...

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Autores:
Correa Soto, Jenny
Cabello Eras, Juan José
Nogueira Rivera, Dianelys
Haeseldonckx, Dries
Sagastume Gutierrez, Alexis
Silva Oliveira, Luis Felipe
Tipo de recurso:
Article of journal
Fecha de publicación:
2018
Institución:
Corporación Universidad de la Costa
Repositorio:
REDICUC - Repositorio CUC
Idioma:
eng
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oai:repositorio.cuc.edu.co:11323/2893
Acceso en línea:
https://hdl.handle.net/11323/2893
https://repositorio.cuc.edu.co/
Palabra clave:
developing countries
environment
governance
local development
local energy management
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openAccess
License
Atribución – No comercial – Compartir igual
id RCUC2_262bb0a6943e1a512912b1874325f367
oai_identifier_str oai:repositorio.cuc.edu.co:11323/2893
network_acronym_str RCUC2
network_name_str REDICUC - Repositorio CUC
repository_id_str
dc.title.spa.fl_str_mv Municipal energy management model for Cuban first level municipalities
title Municipal energy management model for Cuban first level municipalities
spellingShingle Municipal energy management model for Cuban first level municipalities
developing countries
environment
governance
local development
local energy management
title_short Municipal energy management model for Cuban first level municipalities
title_full Municipal energy management model for Cuban first level municipalities
title_fullStr Municipal energy management model for Cuban first level municipalities
title_full_unstemmed Municipal energy management model for Cuban first level municipalities
title_sort Municipal energy management model for Cuban first level municipalities
dc.creator.fl_str_mv Correa Soto, Jenny
Cabello Eras, Juan José
Nogueira Rivera, Dianelys
Haeseldonckx, Dries
Sagastume Gutierrez, Alexis
Silva Oliveira, Luis Felipe
dc.contributor.author.spa.fl_str_mv Correa Soto, Jenny
Cabello Eras, Juan José
Nogueira Rivera, Dianelys
Haeseldonckx, Dries
Sagastume Gutierrez, Alexis
Silva Oliveira, Luis Felipe
dc.subject.spa.fl_str_mv developing countries
environment
governance
local development
local energy management
topic developing countries
environment
governance
local development
local energy management
description The Government of Cuba proposed in the year 2011 an update of the economic and social model, where the management of energy is an element of influence in the economy of the country. This led to the approval of a policy for the development of renewable sources and the efficient use of energy. Another important aspect is the National Plan for development until 2030, which considers the use of natural resources including energy, environmental impacts, and its link with the local development. However, in the municipalities, there are few studies on local energy management (LEM), and they lack the essential elements to guarantee it. This study defined the elements of LEM for the management models of local governance in Cuba, the energy context, and the scenario for the development of LEM in the country. The results suggest a model for LEM that integrates its elements to the functions of local government in energy decisions that influence the economy, society, the environment and local development.
publishDate 2018
dc.date.issued.none.fl_str_mv 2018-12-29
dc.date.accessioned.none.fl_str_mv 2019-03-08T13:24:08Z
dc.date.available.none.fl_str_mv 2019-03-08T13:24:08Z
dc.type.spa.fl_str_mv Artículo de revista
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dc.type.coar.spa.fl_str_mv http://purl.org/coar/resource_type/c_6501
dc.type.content.spa.fl_str_mv Text
dc.type.driver.spa.fl_str_mv info:eu-repo/semantics/article
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dc.type.version.spa.fl_str_mv info:eu-repo/semantics/acceptedVersion
format http://purl.org/coar/resource_type/c_6501
status_str acceptedVersion
dc.identifier.issn.spa.fl_str_mv 1791-2377
dc.identifier.uri.spa.fl_str_mv https://hdl.handle.net/11323/2893
dc.identifier.instname.spa.fl_str_mv Corporación Universidad de la Costa
dc.identifier.reponame.spa.fl_str_mv REDICUC - Repositorio CUC
dc.identifier.repourl.spa.fl_str_mv https://repositorio.cuc.edu.co/
identifier_str_mv 1791-2377
Corporación Universidad de la Costa
REDICUC - Repositorio CUC
url https://hdl.handle.net/11323/2893
https://repositorio.cuc.edu.co/
dc.language.iso.none.fl_str_mv eng
language eng
dc.relation.references.spa.fl_str_mv 1. R,Guo, Y. Zhao, Y. Shi, F. Li, J.Hu and H. Yang, H, “Low carbon development and local sustainability from a carbon balance perspective”, Resources, Conservation and Recycling, 2017, Vol 122, pp. 270-279. 2. C. Zou, Q. Zhao, G. Zhang and B. Xiong, (2016) “Energy revolution: From a fossil energy era to a new energy era” . Natural Gas Industry, 2016, Vol 3, No 1, pp 1-11. 3 L.Hens, J.Cabello, A. Sagastume, D. Garcia, J.Cogollos and C.Vandecasteele, “University–industry interaction on cleaner production. The case of the Cleaner Production Center at the University of Cienfuegos in Cuba, a country in transition”. Journal of Cleaner Production, 2017, Vol 142, pp 63-68. 4 K.Yigit and B. Acarkan, “A new electrical energy management approach for ships using mixed energy sources to ensure sustainable port cities”, 2018, Sustainable cities and society, 2018, Vol 40, pp 126-135. 5 International Energy Agency (IEA), 2008. “World Energy Outlook”. IEA Books, Paris. 6 B.Morvaj, L. Lugaric, S. Krajcar. “Demonstrating smart buildings and smart grid features in a smart energy city”. In Proceedings of 3rd International youth conference on energetics (IYCE); July 7-9, 2011, Leira, Portugal, p. 1–8 7 C. Calvillo, A. Sánchez and J. Villar, “Energy management and planning in smart cities”, Renewable and Sustainable Energy Reviews, 2016, Vol 55, pp 273-287. 8 F. Sosa, (1981). “Ayuntamientos y ahorro energético”. Revista de estudios de la vida local, 1981, Vol 210,pp 309-318. 9 C. Wene and B. Rydén, (1989). “A comprehensive energy model in the municipal energy planning process”. Mathematical and Computer Modelling, 1989, Vol 12, No 8, pp 1050. doi:10.1016/0895-7177(89)90223-9 10 B. Koirala, E. Koliou, J. Friege, R. Hakvoort and P. Herder, “Energetic communities for community energy: A review of key issues and trends shaping integrated community energy systems”. Renewable and Sustanaibility Energy Review, 2016, Vol 56, pp 722–744 11 Comisión Económica para América Latina y el Caribe CEPAL, “La hora de la igualdad”.. Publicación de Naciones Unidas LC/6.2603. 2014 12 J. Cabello, J. D, Covas, G. Hernandez, A. Sagastume, D. Garcıa , C.Vandecasteele and L. Hens, (2014). “Comparative study of the urban quality of life in Cuban first-level cities from an objective dimension”. Environment, Development and Sustainability, 2017,Vol 16, No 1, pp 195–215. doi:10.1007/s10668-013-9470-0 13 A. González, A. Arencibia and A. Saunders, “Red Nacional de Gestión del Conocimiento de la Energía: espacio colaborativo para la solución de problemas vinculados con la gestión de la información de la energía en Cuba”. Ciencias de la Información, 2013, Vol 44, No 1, pp 11-28. 14 M. Rodríguez, “La ordenación y la planificación de las fuentes renovables de energía en la Isla de Cuba desde una perspectiva territorial. Estudio de caso en el municipio de Guamá a partir de un Geoportal”, Tesis Doctoral. Departamento de Historia, Geografía y Filosofía. Universidad Pablo de Olavide. Sevilla. España. 2011 15 J. Correa, S. González, A. Hernández, 2017. “La gestión energética local: elemento del desarrollo sostenible en Cuba”. Revista Universidad y Sociedad, 2017, Vol 9, No 2, pp 59-67. 16 F. Corsini, C. Certomà, M. Dyer and M. Frey,2018. “Participatory energy: Research, imaginaries and practices on people'contribute to energy systems in the smart city”. Technological Forecasting and Social Change. In Press. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.techfore.2018.07.028 17 P. Striker, “Bringing social justice back in: Cuba revitalizes sustainable development”. Local Environment, 2010, Vol 15, No 2, pp 185–197. 18 J. Cabello, D. Garcia, A. Sagastume, R. Priego, L. Hens and C. Vandecasteele, “An approach to sustainable development: the case of Cuba”. Environment, development and sustainability, 2012, Vol 14, No 4, pp 573-591. 19 Oficina Nacional de Estadística e Información (ONEI), “Anuario estadístico de Cuba”. 2016. Avaliable from: http://www.one.cu/aec2015.htm. Last acssesed (15/05/2018) 20 M. Granberg, and L. Elander, (2007). “Local governance and climate change: reflections on the Swedish experience”. Local environment, 2007, Vol 12, No 5, pp 537-548. 21 Z. Huang, H. Yu, Z. Peng and M. Zhao, (2015). “Methods and tools for community energy planning: A review”. Renewable and Sustainable Energy Reviews, 2015, Vol 42, pp 1335–1348. doi:0.1016/j.rser.2014.11.042 22 M. Korai, R. Mahar and M. Uqaili, (2017). « The feasibility of municipal solid waste for energy generation and its existing management practices in Pakistan”. Renewable and Sustainable Energy Reviews, 2017, Vol 72, pp 338-353. 23 A. Neves, V. Leal and J. Lourenço, “A methodology for sustainable and inclusive local energy planning”, Sustainable cities and society, 2015, Vol 17, pp 110-121. 24 T. Bruckner, H. Groscurt and R. Kummel, “Competition and technologies synergy in municipal between energy systems”. 1997, Energy, Vol 22, No 10, pp 1005-1014. 25 F. Butera,“Moving towards municipal energy planning - the case of Palermo: the importance of non-technical issues” . Renewable Energy , 1998, Vol 15, pp 349-355 26 N. Wohlgemuth, “Cost benefit indicators associated with the integration of alternative energy sources: a systems approach for Carinthia, Austria”, 1999, Renewable Energy, 1999, Vol 16, pp 1147-1150 . doi:PII: S09060-148(98)00446-7. 27 G. Sundberg and B. Karlsson, “Interaction effects in optimizing a municipal energy system”. Energy, 2000, Vol 25, pp 877–891. doi:10.1016/S0360-5442(00)00022-0. 28 B. Rolfsman,”Optimal supply and demand investments in municipal energy systems”. Energy Conversion and Managemen, 2004, Vol 45, pp 595–611. doi:0.1016/S01968904(03)00174-2 29 P. Fleming and P. Webber, “Local and regional greenhouse gas management”, Energy Policy, 2004, Vol 32, No 8, pp 761-771. doi:10.1016/S0301-4215(02)00339-7 30 J. García, (2006). “Eficiencia energética a nivel local: Los planes de Optimización Energética Municipal (POES) en la provincia de Jaén”. SUMUNTÁN, 2007, Vol 23, pp 153-184. 31 H. Zia, H and V.Deyadas, “Energy management in Lucknow city”, Energy Policy, 2007, Vol 35, No 10, pp 4847-4868. doi:10.1016/j.enpol.2007.04.018. 32 J. Inver (2009), “Municipal Energy Planning – Scope and Method Developmen”t. Linköping University, Department of Management and Engineering, Division for Environmental Technology and Management, Linköping Studies in Science and Technology. Linköping, Sweden: Printed by LiU-tryck. Obtenido de http://www.iei.liu.se/envtech 33 D. Genevieve, “Community energy planning in Canada: The role of renewable energy” Renewable and Sustainable Energy Reviews, 2009, Vol. 13, Nº 11, p. 2088-2095. 34 Boletín Oficial de la Comunidad de Madrid III (BOCM), Boletín Oficial de la Comunidad de Madrid III. “Administración local.Administración local. Madrid: Ayuntamiento de RivasVaciamadrid”. 2010 35 Q. Lin and G. Huang, (20110),”An inexact two-stage stochastic energy systems planning model for managing”. Energy, 2010, Vol 35, pp 2270-2280. doi:10.1016/j.energy.2010.01.042 36 K. Sperling, E. Hvelplund and B. Vad Mathiesen, “Centralisation and decentralisation in strategic municipal energy planning”. Energy Policy, 2011, Vol 39, pp 1338–1351. doi:10.1016/j.enpol.2010.12.006 37 Y. Zhu, G. Huang, Y. Li, L. He and X. Zhang, “An interval fullinfinite mixed-integer programming method for planning”. Applied Energy, 2011, Vol 88, No 8, pp 323-337, doi::10.1016/j.apenergy.2011.01.058 38 C. Brandoni and F Polonara, (2012). “The role of municipal energy planning in the regional energy-planning process”. Energy, 2012, Vol 48, pp 323-338. doi:10.1016/j.energy.2012.06.061 39 Z. Huang, H. Yu, Z. Peng and M. Zhao, (2015). “Methods and tools for community energy planning: A review”. Renewable and Sustainable Energy Reviews, 2015, Vol 42, pp 1335–1348. doi:0.1016/j.rser.2014.11.042 40 P. Fenton, S. Gustafsson, J. Ivner and J.Palm, “Sustainable Energy and Climate Strategies: lessons from planning”. Journal of Cleaner Production, 2016, Vol 98, pp 213-221. doi:http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jclepro.2014.08.001 41 J. Nilsson and A. Ma˚rtensson, “Municipal energy-planning and development of local energy-systems”, Applied Energy , 2003, Vol 73, pp 179–187. doi:10.1016/S0306-2619(03)00062-X 42 J. Ivner, A. Bjorklund, K. Dreborg, J. Johansson, P. Viklund and H. Wiklund, (2010). “New tools in local energy planning: experimenting with scenarios, public participation and environmental assessment”. Local Environment: The International Journal of Justice and Sustainability, 2010, Vol 5, No 2, pp 105- 120. doi:10.1080/13549830903527639 43 Oficina nacional de Estadistica e Informacion (ONEI),. (2016). “Anuario Estadistico de Cuba, 2015”, Avaliable from: http://www.one.cu/aec2015.htm, Last acssesed (15/05/2018) 44 S. Boffill, C. Calcines and S. Sanchez, “Modelo de gestión para contribuir al desarrollo local, basado en el conocimiento y la innovación en Cuba” . Ingeniería Industrial, 2010, Vol 30, No 2, pp 52-29 45 J. Suarez, P. Beaton, R. Faxas and C. Luengo, “The state and prospects of renewable energy in Cuba”. Energy Sources Part B Econ. Plan. Policy, 2016, Vol 11, pp 111-117. 46 C. Benzing, C., 2005. Cuba in the “Special period” really over? Int. Adv. Econ. Res., 2005, Vol 11, pp 69-82. 47 T. Fletcher, “La Revolución Energética: A Model for Reducing Cuba's Dependence”, 2017, International Journal of Cuban Studies, 2017, Vol. 9, No. 1, pp. 91-116 48 M. Panfil, D. Whittle and K. Silverman (2017). “What’s next for Cuba’s electricity sector?”. The Electricity Journal, 2017, Vol 30, No 8, pp 38-44. 49 J. Núñez, L. Montalvo, I. Pérez, “Universidad, conocimiento y desarrollo local (basado en el conocimiento)” en Ada Guzón (ed.), Desarrollo local en Cuba. Retos y perspectivas, Editorial Academia, La Habana, pp. 205-219, 2006 50 J. Núñez, A. Alcázar and T. Proenza, “Una década de la Red Universitaria de Gestión del Conocimiento y la Innovación para el Desarrollo Local en Cuba. Retos de la Dirección, 2017, Vol 11, No 2, pp 228-244. 51 J. Cabello, A., Sagastume, D. Garcia, J, Martínez, L. Hens, C. Vandecasteele, “Bridging universities and industry through cleaner production activities. Experiences from the Cleaner Production Center at the University of Cienfuegos, Cuba”. Journal of cleaner production, 2015, Vol 108, pp 873-882.
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spelling Correa Soto, JennyCabello Eras, Juan JoséNogueira Rivera, DianelysHaeseldonckx, DriesSagastume Gutierrez, AlexisSilva Oliveira, Luis Felipe2019-03-08T13:24:08Z2019-03-08T13:24:08Z2018-12-291791-2377https://hdl.handle.net/11323/2893Corporación Universidad de la CostaREDICUC - Repositorio CUChttps://repositorio.cuc.edu.co/The Government of Cuba proposed in the year 2011 an update of the economic and social model, where the management of energy is an element of influence in the economy of the country. This led to the approval of a policy for the development of renewable sources and the efficient use of energy. Another important aspect is the National Plan for development until 2030, which considers the use of natural resources including energy, environmental impacts, and its link with the local development. However, in the municipalities, there are few studies on local energy management (LEM), and they lack the essential elements to guarantee it. This study defined the elements of LEM for the management models of local governance in Cuba, the energy context, and the scenario for the development of LEM in the country. The results suggest a model for LEM that integrates its elements to the functions of local government in energy decisions that influence the economy, society, the environment and local development.Correa Soto, Jenny-6caaa2dc-a6a4-4683-92e1-90ccf88940f5-0Cabello Eras, Juan José-ea7eb301-5718-407c-8188-5757dcb94eec-0Nogueira Rivera, Dianelys-3ba9efa2-fada-492f-8dee-691b3d58944f-0Haeseldonckx, Dries-23f1a782-8477-498f-b1ae-49883b2237ee-0Sagastume Gutierrez, Alexis-0000-0003-0188-7101-600Silva Oliveira, Luis Felipe-89044dbe-57ae-42de-a42d-eab87467ac2e-0engJournal of Engineering Science and Technology ReviewAtribución – No comercial – Compartir igualinfo:eu-repo/semantics/openAccesshttp://purl.org/coar/access_right/c_abf2developing countriesenvironmentgovernancelocal developmentlocal energy managementMunicipal energy management model for Cuban first level municipalitiesArtículo de revistahttp://purl.org/coar/resource_type/c_6501http://purl.org/coar/resource_type/c_2df8fbb1Textinfo:eu-repo/semantics/articlehttp://purl.org/redcol/resource_type/ARTinfo:eu-repo/semantics/acceptedVersion1. R,Guo, Y. Zhao, Y. Shi, F. Li, J.Hu and H. Yang, H, “Low carbon development and local sustainability from a carbon balance perspective”, Resources, Conservation and Recycling, 2017, Vol 122, pp. 270-279. 2. C. Zou, Q. Zhao, G. Zhang and B. Xiong, (2016) “Energy revolution: From a fossil energy era to a new energy era” . Natural Gas Industry, 2016, Vol 3, No 1, pp 1-11. 3 L.Hens, J.Cabello, A. Sagastume, D. Garcia, J.Cogollos and C.Vandecasteele, “University–industry interaction on cleaner production. The case of the Cleaner Production Center at the University of Cienfuegos in Cuba, a country in transition”. Journal of Cleaner Production, 2017, Vol 142, pp 63-68. 4 K.Yigit and B. Acarkan, “A new electrical energy management approach for ships using mixed energy sources to ensure sustainable port cities”, 2018, Sustainable cities and society, 2018, Vol 40, pp 126-135. 5 International Energy Agency (IEA), 2008. “World Energy Outlook”. IEA Books, Paris. 6 B.Morvaj, L. Lugaric, S. Krajcar. “Demonstrating smart buildings and smart grid features in a smart energy city”. In Proceedings of 3rd International youth conference on energetics (IYCE); July 7-9, 2011, Leira, Portugal, p. 1–8 7 C. Calvillo, A. Sánchez and J. Villar, “Energy management and planning in smart cities”, Renewable and Sustainable Energy Reviews, 2016, Vol 55, pp 273-287. 8 F. Sosa, (1981). “Ayuntamientos y ahorro energético”. Revista de estudios de la vida local, 1981, Vol 210,pp 309-318. 9 C. Wene and B. Rydén, (1989). “A comprehensive energy model in the municipal energy planning process”. Mathematical and Computer Modelling, 1989, Vol 12, No 8, pp 1050. doi:10.1016/0895-7177(89)90223-9 10 B. Koirala, E. Koliou, J. Friege, R. Hakvoort and P. Herder, “Energetic communities for community energy: A review of key issues and trends shaping integrated community energy systems”. Renewable and Sustanaibility Energy Review, 2016, Vol 56, pp 722–744 11 Comisión Económica para América Latina y el Caribe CEPAL, “La hora de la igualdad”.. Publicación de Naciones Unidas LC/6.2603. 2014 12 J. Cabello, J. D, Covas, G. Hernandez, A. Sagastume, D. Garcıa , C.Vandecasteele and L. Hens, (2014). “Comparative study of the urban quality of life in Cuban first-level cities from an objective dimension”. Environment, Development and Sustainability, 2017,Vol 16, No 1, pp 195–215. doi:10.1007/s10668-013-9470-0 13 A. González, A. Arencibia and A. Saunders, “Red Nacional de Gestión del Conocimiento de la Energía: espacio colaborativo para la solución de problemas vinculados con la gestión de la información de la energía en Cuba”. Ciencias de la Información, 2013, Vol 44, No 1, pp 11-28. 14 M. Rodríguez, “La ordenación y la planificación de las fuentes renovables de energía en la Isla de Cuba desde una perspectiva territorial. Estudio de caso en el municipio de Guamá a partir de un Geoportal”, Tesis Doctoral. Departamento de Historia, Geografía y Filosofía. Universidad Pablo de Olavide. Sevilla. España. 2011 15 J. Correa, S. González, A. Hernández, 2017. “La gestión energética local: elemento del desarrollo sostenible en Cuba”. Revista Universidad y Sociedad, 2017, Vol 9, No 2, pp 59-67. 16 F. Corsini, C. Certomà, M. Dyer and M. Frey,2018. “Participatory energy: Research, imaginaries and practices on people'contribute to energy systems in the smart city”. Technological Forecasting and Social Change. In Press. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.techfore.2018.07.028 17 P. Striker, “Bringing social justice back in: Cuba revitalizes sustainable development”. Local Environment, 2010, Vol 15, No 2, pp 185–197. 18 J. Cabello, D. Garcia, A. Sagastume, R. Priego, L. Hens and C. Vandecasteele, “An approach to sustainable development: the case of Cuba”. Environment, development and sustainability, 2012, Vol 14, No 4, pp 573-591. 19 Oficina Nacional de Estadística e Información (ONEI), “Anuario estadístico de Cuba”. 2016. Avaliable from: http://www.one.cu/aec2015.htm. Last acssesed (15/05/2018) 20 M. Granberg, and L. Elander, (2007). “Local governance and climate change: reflections on the Swedish experience”. Local environment, 2007, Vol 12, No 5, pp 537-548. 21 Z. Huang, H. Yu, Z. Peng and M. Zhao, (2015). “Methods and tools for community energy planning: A review”. Renewable and Sustainable Energy Reviews, 2015, Vol 42, pp 1335–1348. doi:0.1016/j.rser.2014.11.042 22 M. Korai, R. Mahar and M. Uqaili, (2017). « The feasibility of municipal solid waste for energy generation and its existing management practices in Pakistan”. Renewable and Sustainable Energy Reviews, 2017, Vol 72, pp 338-353. 23 A. Neves, V. Leal and J. Lourenço, “A methodology for sustainable and inclusive local energy planning”, Sustainable cities and society, 2015, Vol 17, pp 110-121. 24 T. Bruckner, H. Groscurt and R. Kummel, “Competition and technologies synergy in municipal between energy systems”. 1997, Energy, Vol 22, No 10, pp 1005-1014. 25 F. Butera,“Moving towards municipal energy planning - the case of Palermo: the importance of non-technical issues” . Renewable Energy , 1998, Vol 15, pp 349-355 26 N. Wohlgemuth, “Cost benefit indicators associated with the integration of alternative energy sources: a systems approach for Carinthia, Austria”, 1999, Renewable Energy, 1999, Vol 16, pp 1147-1150 . doi:PII: S09060-148(98)00446-7. 27 G. Sundberg and B. Karlsson, “Interaction effects in optimizing a municipal energy system”. Energy, 2000, Vol 25, pp 877–891. doi:10.1016/S0360-5442(00)00022-0. 28 B. Rolfsman,”Optimal supply and demand investments in municipal energy systems”. Energy Conversion and Managemen, 2004, Vol 45, pp 595–611. doi:0.1016/S01968904(03)00174-2 29 P. Fleming and P. Webber, “Local and regional greenhouse gas management”, Energy Policy, 2004, Vol 32, No 8, pp 761-771. doi:10.1016/S0301-4215(02)00339-7 30 J. García, (2006). “Eficiencia energética a nivel local: Los planes de Optimización Energética Municipal (POES) en la provincia de Jaén”. SUMUNTÁN, 2007, Vol 23, pp 153-184. 31 H. Zia, H and V.Deyadas, “Energy management in Lucknow city”, Energy Policy, 2007, Vol 35, No 10, pp 4847-4868. doi:10.1016/j.enpol.2007.04.018. 32 J. Inver (2009), “Municipal Energy Planning – Scope and Method Developmen”t. Linköping University, Department of Management and Engineering, Division for Environmental Technology and Management, Linköping Studies in Science and Technology. Linköping, Sweden: Printed by LiU-tryck. Obtenido de http://www.iei.liu.se/envtech 33 D. Genevieve, “Community energy planning in Canada: The role of renewable energy” Renewable and Sustainable Energy Reviews, 2009, Vol. 13, Nº 11, p. 2088-2095. 34 Boletín Oficial de la Comunidad de Madrid III (BOCM), Boletín Oficial de la Comunidad de Madrid III. “Administración local.Administración local. Madrid: Ayuntamiento de RivasVaciamadrid”. 2010 35 Q. Lin and G. Huang, (20110),”An inexact two-stage stochastic energy systems planning model for managing”. Energy, 2010, Vol 35, pp 2270-2280. doi:10.1016/j.energy.2010.01.042 36 K. Sperling, E. Hvelplund and B. Vad Mathiesen, “Centralisation and decentralisation in strategic municipal energy planning”. Energy Policy, 2011, Vol 39, pp 1338–1351. doi:10.1016/j.enpol.2010.12.006 37 Y. Zhu, G. Huang, Y. Li, L. He and X. Zhang, “An interval fullinfinite mixed-integer programming method for planning”. Applied Energy, 2011, Vol 88, No 8, pp 323-337, doi::10.1016/j.apenergy.2011.01.058 38 C. 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