Evaluation of the production potential of quorum quenchig enzymes of extremophile bacteria from Antarctica
Cell-cell communication mediated by the production of N-acylhomoserine lactone is one of the causes of the production of virulence factors in pathogens and biofouling. Although quorum-quenching is a useful method to disrupt quorum sensing signals, different QQ enzymes are required to block bacterial...
- Autores:
-
Rubiano Labrador, Carolina
Rebollo Pérez, Juan
Diaz Mendoza, Claudia
Revollo Cristina, Isabella
Vega, Henry De Jesus
Ortega, Maria de Angeles
De la Parra Guerra, Ana C.
- Tipo de recurso:
- Article of investigation
- Fecha de publicación:
- 2023
- Institución:
- Corporación Universidad de la Costa
- Repositorio:
- REDICUC - Repositorio CUC
- Idioma:
- eng
- OAI Identifier:
- oai:repositorio.cuc.edu.co:11323/13658
- Acceso en línea:
- https://hdl.handle.net/11323/13658
https://repositorio.cuc.edu.co/
- Palabra clave:
- N-acyl homoserine lactone (AHL) extremophiles
Quorum-quenching
Quorums-sensing
β-lactamases
- Rights
- openAccess
- License
- Atribución 4.0 Internacional (CC BY 4.0)
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Evaluation of the production potential of quorum quenchig enzymes of extremophile bacteria from Antarctica |
| title |
Evaluation of the production potential of quorum quenchig enzymes of extremophile bacteria from Antarctica |
| spellingShingle |
Evaluation of the production potential of quorum quenchig enzymes of extremophile bacteria from Antarctica N-acyl homoserine lactone (AHL) extremophiles Quorum-quenching Quorums-sensing β-lactamases |
| title_short |
Evaluation of the production potential of quorum quenchig enzymes of extremophile bacteria from Antarctica |
| title_full |
Evaluation of the production potential of quorum quenchig enzymes of extremophile bacteria from Antarctica |
| title_fullStr |
Evaluation of the production potential of quorum quenchig enzymes of extremophile bacteria from Antarctica |
| title_full_unstemmed |
Evaluation of the production potential of quorum quenchig enzymes of extremophile bacteria from Antarctica |
| title_sort |
Evaluation of the production potential of quorum quenchig enzymes of extremophile bacteria from Antarctica |
| dc.creator.fl_str_mv |
Rubiano Labrador, Carolina Rebollo Pérez, Juan Diaz Mendoza, Claudia Revollo Cristina, Isabella Vega, Henry De Jesus Ortega, Maria de Angeles De la Parra Guerra, Ana C. |
| dc.contributor.author.none.fl_str_mv |
Rubiano Labrador, Carolina Rebollo Pérez, Juan Diaz Mendoza, Claudia Revollo Cristina, Isabella Vega, Henry De Jesus Ortega, Maria de Angeles De la Parra Guerra, Ana C. |
| dc.subject.proposal.eng.fl_str_mv |
N-acyl homoserine lactone (AHL) extremophiles Quorum-quenching Quorums-sensing β-lactamases |
| topic |
N-acyl homoserine lactone (AHL) extremophiles Quorum-quenching Quorums-sensing β-lactamases |
| description |
Cell-cell communication mediated by the production of N-acylhomoserine lactone is one of the causes of the production of virulence factors in pathogens and biofouling. Although quorum-quenching is a useful method to disrupt quorum sensing signals, different QQ enzymes are required to block bacterial communication in specific environments. The aim of this study was to determine the QQ enzyme production potential of psychrophilic bacteria isolated from Antarctic marine sediments. This study was divided into three phases: (i) semi-qualitative evaluation of lipolytic activity, (ii) evaluation of resistance to β-lactam antibiotics, and (iii) evaluation of β-lactamase activity. In this study, the bacterial strains evaluated presented lipolytic activity and resistance to β-lactam antibiotics (ampicillin and penicillin). In addition, the strains UTB 167 and UTB 170, related to the genus Psychrobacter, presented β-lactamase activity (1.7-3.9 Umol/L), which indicates that their potential to produce QQ enzymes related to the metallo-βlactamases superfamily. |
| publishDate |
2023 |
| dc.date.issued.none.fl_str_mv |
2023 |
| dc.date.accessioned.none.fl_str_mv |
2024-11-12T12:34:09Z |
| dc.date.available.none.fl_str_mv |
2024-11-12T12:34:09Z |
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Artículo de revista |
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http://purl.org/coar/resource_type/c_2df8fbb1 |
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info:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersion |
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2414-6390 |
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https://hdl.handle.net/11323/13658 |
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Corporación Universidad de la Costa |
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REDICUC - Repositorio CUC |
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eng |
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eng |
| dc.relation.ispartofjournal.none.fl_str_mv |
Proceedings of the LACCEI international Multi-conference for Engineering, Education and Technology |
| dc.relation.references.none.fl_str_mv |
S. T. Rutherford y B. L. Bassler, “Bacterial quorum sensing: its role in virulence and possibilities for its control”, Cold Spring Harb. Perspect. Med., vol. 2, núm. 11, pp. a012427–a012427, 2012. C. Solano, M. Echeverz, y I. Lasa, “Biofilm dispersion and quorum sensing”, Curr. Opin. Microbiol., vol. 18, pp. 96–104, 2014. A. Arranz San Martín, S. L. Drees, y S. Fetzner, “A PQScleaving quorum quenching enzyme targets extracellular membrane vesicles of Pseudomonas aeruginosa”, Biomolecules, vol. 12, núm. 11, 2022. C. Solano, M. Echeverz, y I. Lasa, “Biofilm dispersion and quorum sensing”, Curr. Opin. Microbiol., vol. 18, pp. 96–104, 2014. R. G. Abisado, S. Benomar, J. R. Klaus, A. A. Dandekar, y J. R. Chandler, “Bacterial quorum sensing and microbial community interactions”, MBio, vol. 9, núm. 3, 2018. J. P. Remis, J. W. Costerton, y M. Auer, “Biofilms: structures that may facilitate cell-cell interactions”, ISME J., vol. 4, núm. 9, pp. 1085–1087, 2010. Q. Jiang, J. Chen, C. Yang, Y. Yin, y K. Yao, “Quorum sensing: A prospective therapeutic target for bacterial diseases”, Biomed Res. Int., vol. 2019. S. Fetzner, “Quorum quenching enzymes”, J. Biotechnol., vol. 201, pp. 2–14, 2015. M. Deb Adhikari, A. Roychowdhury, y B. K. Tiwary, “Quorum quenching enzymes: A potent alternative to conventional antibiotics”, in Alternatives to Antibiotics, Singapore: Springer Nature Singapore, 2022. F. Chen, Y. Gao, X. Chen, Z. Yu, y X. Li, “Quorum quenching enzymes and their application in degrading signal molecules to block quorum sensing-dependent infection”, Int. J. Mol. Sci., vol. 14, núm. 9, pp. 17477– 17500, 2013. Z. U. Rehman, A. A. Momin, A. Aldehaiman, T. Irum, R. Grünberg, y S. T. Arold, “The exceptionally efficient quorum quenching enzyme LrsL suppresses Pseudomonas aeruginosa biofilm production”, Front. Microbiol., vol. 13, p. 977673, 2022. Y. Barreto and Y. Ledesma. Aislamiento de bacterias degradadoras de Tereftalato de Polietileno (PET) provenientes de sedimentos marinos de la Antártida. Trabajo de grado. Programa Ingeniería Química, Universidad Tecnológica de Bolívar. 2022. T. Menasria et al., “Diversity and bioprospecting of extremely halophilic archaea isolated from Algerian arid and semi-arid wetland ecosystems for halophilic-active hydrolytic enzymes”, Microbiol. Res., vol. 207, pp. 289– 298, 2018 P. Wang, C. Shen, Q. Cong, K. Xu, y J. Lu, “Enzymecatalyzed biodegradation of penicillin fermentation residues by β-lactamase OtLac from Ochrobactrum tritici”, Microb. Cell Fact., vol. 20, núm. 1, p. 117, 2021. M. Ruiz et al., “Modulation of the biocatalytic properties of a novel lipase from psychrophilic Serratia sp. (USBAGBX-513) by different immobilization strategies”, Molecules, vol. 26, núm. 6, p. 1574, 2021. J.-M. Park, S.-M. Won, C.-H. Kang, S. Park, y J.-H. Yoon, “Characterization of a novel carboxylesterase belonging to family VIII hydrolyzing β-lactam antibiotics from a compost metagenomic library”, Int. J. Biol. Macromol., vol. 164, pp. 4650–4661, 2020. Z. Zhou et al., “A novel quorum quencher, Rhodococcus pyridinivorans XN-36, is a powerful agent for the biocontrol of soft rot disease in various host plants”, Biol. Control, vol. 169, núm. 104889, p. 104889, 2022. P. Kovalakova, L. Cizmas, T. J. McDonald, B. Marsalek, M. Feng, y V. K. Sharma, “Occurrence and toxicity of antibiotics in the aquatic environment: A review”, Chemosphere, vol. 251, núm. 126351, p. 126351, 2020. D. Zhi et al., “Current progress in the adsorption, transport and biodegradation of antibiotics in soil”, J. Environ. Manage., vol. 251, núm. 109598, p. 109598, 2019. M. M. Raafat, M. Ali-Tammam, y A. E. Ali, “Quorum quenching activity of Bacillus cereus isolate 30b confers antipathogenic effects in Pseudomonas aeruginosa”, Infect. Drug Resist., vol. 12, pp. 1583–1596, 2019. M. Malešević, N. Stanisavljević, K. Novović, N. Polović, Z. Vasiljević, M. Kojić & B. Jovčić, B. (2020). Burkholderia cepacia YtnP and Y2-aiiA lactonases inhibit virulence of Pseudomonas aeruginosa via quorum quenching activity, Microbial Pathogenesis, vol. 149, pp 104561. R. Billot, L. Plener, P. Jacquet, M. Elias, E. Chabrière & D Daudé. Engineering acyl-homoserine lactoneinterfering enzymes toward bacterial control, Journal of Biological Chemistry, vol. 295, num. 37, pp. 12993- 13007, 2020. Z. U. Rehman, A. A. Momin, A. Aldehaiman, T. Irum, R. Grünberg, y S. T. Arold, “The exceptionally efficient quorum quenching enzyme LrsL suppresses Pseudomonas aeruginosa biofilm production”, Front. Microbiol., vol. 13, p. 977673, 2022. R. Margesin y V. Miteva, “Diversity and ecology of psychrophilic microorganisms”, Res. Microbiol., vol. 162, núm. 3, pp. 346–361, 2011 B. Joseph, P. W. Ramteke, y G. Thomas, “Cold active microbial lipases: some hot issues and recent developments”, Biotechnol. Adv., vol. 26, núm. 5, pp. 457–470, 2008. A. Lo Giudice et al., “Lipolytic activity of Antarctic coldadapted marine bacteria (Terra Nova Bay, Ross Sea)”, J. Appl. Microbiol., vol. 101, núm. 5, pp. 1039–1048, 2006. L. P. Parra, F. Reyes, J. P. Acevedo, O. Salazar, B. A. Andrews, y J. A. Asenjo, “Cloning and fusion expression of a cold-active lipase from marine Antarctic origin”, Enzyme Microb. Technol., vol. 42, núm. 4, pp. 371–377, 2008. U. G. Wagner, E. I. Petersen, H. Schwab & C. Kratky. EstB from Burkholderia gladioli: a novel esterase with a β‐lactamase fold reveals steric factors to discriminate between esterolytic and β‐lactam cleaving activity, Protein science, vol. 11, num. 3, pp. 467-478. 2002. J. Maiangwa, M. S. M. Ali, A. B. Salleh, R. N. Z. R. A. Rahman, F. M. Shariff, y T. C. Leow, “Adaptational properties and applications of cold-active lipases from psychrophilic bacteria”, Extremophiles, vol. 19, núm. 2, pp. 235–247, 2015. F. Hernández et al., “Occurrence of antibiotics and bacterial resistance in wastewater and sea water from the Antarctic”, J. Hazard. Mater., vol. 363, pp. 447–456, 2019. I. Tomova, M. Stoilova-Disheva, I. Lazarkevich, y E. Vasileva-Tonkova, “Antimicrobial activity and resistance to heavy metals and antibiotics of heterotrophic bacteria isolated from sediment and soil samples collected from two Antarctic islands”, Front. Life Sci., vol. 8, núm. 4, pp. 348–357, 2015. A. Santos, F. Burgos, J. Martinez-Urtaza, y L. Barrientos, “Metagenomic characterization of resistance genes in Deception Island and their association with mobile genetic elements”, Microorganisms, vol. 10, núm. 7, p. 1432, 2022. G. Feller, Z. Zekhnini, J. Lamotte-Brasseur, y C. Gerday, “Enzymes from cold-adapted microorganisms. The class C beta-lactamase from the antarctic psychrophile Psychrobacter immobilis A5”, Eur. J. Biochem., vol. 244, núm. 1, pp. 186–191, 1997. G. Feller, P. Sonnet, y C. Gerday, “The beta-lactamase secreted by the antarctic psychrophile Psychrobacter immobilis A8”, Appl. Environ. Microbiol., vol. 61, núm. 12, pp. 4474–4476, 1995. R. Papa et al., “Anti-virulence activity of the cell-free supernatant of the Antarctic bacterium Psychrobacter sp. TAE2020 against Pseudomonas aeruginosa clinical isolates from cystic fibrosis patients”, Antibiotics (Basel), vol. 10, núm. 8, p. 944, 2021. |
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© 2023 Latin American and Caribbean Consortium of Engineering Institutions. All rights reserved. |
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Atribución 4.0 Internacional (CC BY 4.0) |
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Atribución 4.0 Internacional (CC BY 4.0)© 2023 Latin American and Caribbean Consortium of Engineering Institutions. All rights reserved.https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/info:eu-repo/semantics/openAccesshttp://purl.org/coar/access_right/c_abf2Rubiano Labrador, CarolinaRebollo Pérez, JuanDiaz Mendoza, ClaudiaRevollo Cristina, IsabellaVega, Henry De JesusOrtega, Maria de AngelesDe la Parra Guerra, Ana C.2024-11-12T12:34:09Z2024-11-12T12:34:09Z20232414-6390https://hdl.handle.net/11323/13658Corporación Universidad de la CostaREDICUC - Repositorio CUChttps://repositorio.cuc.edu.co/Cell-cell communication mediated by the production of N-acylhomoserine lactone is one of the causes of the production of virulence factors in pathogens and biofouling. Although quorum-quenching is a useful method to disrupt quorum sensing signals, different QQ enzymes are required to block bacterial communication in specific environments. The aim of this study was to determine the QQ enzyme production potential of psychrophilic bacteria isolated from Antarctic marine sediments. This study was divided into three phases: (i) semi-qualitative evaluation of lipolytic activity, (ii) evaluation of resistance to β-lactam antibiotics, and (iii) evaluation of β-lactamase activity. In this study, the bacterial strains evaluated presented lipolytic activity and resistance to β-lactam antibiotics (ampicillin and penicillin). In addition, the strains UTB 167 and UTB 170, related to the genus Psychrobacter, presented β-lactamase activity (1.7-3.9 Umol/L), which indicates that their potential to produce QQ enzymes related to the metallo-βlactamases superfamily.5 páginasapplication/pdfengIEEEUnited Stateshttps://laccei.org/LACCEI2023-BuenosAires/papers/Contribution_1219_a.pdfEvaluation of the production potential of quorum quenchig enzymes of extremophile bacteria from AntarcticaArtículo de revistahttp://purl.org/coar/resource_type/c_2df8fbb1Textinfo:eu-repo/semantics/articlehttp://purl.org/redcol/resource_type/ARTinfo:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersionhttp://purl.org/coar/version/c_970fb48d4fbd8a85AntarcticaProceedings of the LACCEI international Multi-conference for Engineering, Education and TechnologyS. T. Rutherford y B. L. Bassler, “Bacterial quorum sensing: its role in virulence and possibilities for its control”, Cold Spring Harb. Perspect. Med., vol. 2, núm. 11, pp. a012427–a012427, 2012.C. Solano, M. Echeverz, y I. Lasa, “Biofilm dispersion and quorum sensing”, Curr. Opin. Microbiol., vol. 18, pp. 96–104, 2014.A. Arranz San Martín, S. L. Drees, y S. Fetzner, “A PQScleaving quorum quenching enzyme targets extracellular membrane vesicles of Pseudomonas aeruginosa”, Biomolecules, vol. 12, núm. 11, 2022.C. Solano, M. Echeverz, y I. Lasa, “Biofilm dispersion and quorum sensing”, Curr. Opin. Microbiol., vol. 18, pp. 96–104, 2014.R. G. Abisado, S. Benomar, J. R. Klaus, A. A. Dandekar, y J. R. Chandler, “Bacterial quorum sensing and microbial community interactions”, MBio, vol. 9, núm. 3, 2018.J. P. Remis, J. W. Costerton, y M. Auer, “Biofilms: structures that may facilitate cell-cell interactions”, ISME J., vol. 4, núm. 9, pp. 1085–1087, 2010.Q. Jiang, J. Chen, C. Yang, Y. Yin, y K. Yao, “Quorum sensing: A prospective therapeutic target for bacterial diseases”, Biomed Res. Int., vol. 2019.S. Fetzner, “Quorum quenching enzymes”, J. Biotechnol., vol. 201, pp. 2–14, 2015.M. Deb Adhikari, A. Roychowdhury, y B. K. Tiwary, “Quorum quenching enzymes: A potent alternative to conventional antibiotics”, in Alternatives to Antibiotics, Singapore: Springer Nature Singapore, 2022.F. Chen, Y. Gao, X. Chen, Z. Yu, y X. Li, “Quorum quenching enzymes and their application in degrading signal molecules to block quorum sensing-dependent infection”, Int. J. Mol. Sci., vol. 14, núm. 9, pp. 17477– 17500, 2013.Z. U. Rehman, A. A. Momin, A. Aldehaiman, T. Irum, R. Grünberg, y S. T. Arold, “The exceptionally efficient quorum quenching enzyme LrsL suppresses Pseudomonas aeruginosa biofilm production”, Front. Microbiol., vol. 13, p. 977673, 2022.Y. Barreto and Y. Ledesma. Aislamiento de bacterias degradadoras de Tereftalato de Polietileno (PET) provenientes de sedimentos marinos de la Antártida. Trabajo de grado. Programa Ingeniería Química, Universidad Tecnológica de Bolívar. 2022.T. Menasria et al., “Diversity and bioprospecting of extremely halophilic archaea isolated from Algerian arid and semi-arid wetland ecosystems for halophilic-active hydrolytic enzymes”, Microbiol. Res., vol. 207, pp. 289– 298, 2018P. Wang, C. Shen, Q. Cong, K. Xu, y J. Lu, “Enzymecatalyzed biodegradation of penicillin fermentation residues by β-lactamase OtLac from Ochrobactrum tritici”, Microb. Cell Fact., vol. 20, núm. 1, p. 117, 2021.M. Ruiz et al., “Modulation of the biocatalytic properties of a novel lipase from psychrophilic Serratia sp. (USBAGBX-513) by different immobilization strategies”, Molecules, vol. 26, núm. 6, p. 1574, 2021.J.-M. Park, S.-M. Won, C.-H. Kang, S. Park, y J.-H. Yoon, “Characterization of a novel carboxylesterase belonging to family VIII hydrolyzing β-lactam antibiotics from a compost metagenomic library”, Int. J. Biol. Macromol., vol. 164, pp. 4650–4661, 2020.Z. Zhou et al., “A novel quorum quencher, Rhodococcus pyridinivorans XN-36, is a powerful agent for the biocontrol of soft rot disease in various host plants”, Biol. Control, vol. 169, núm. 104889, p. 104889, 2022.P. Kovalakova, L. Cizmas, T. J. McDonald, B. Marsalek, M. Feng, y V. K. Sharma, “Occurrence and toxicity of antibiotics in the aquatic environment: A review”, Chemosphere, vol. 251, núm. 126351, p. 126351, 2020.D. Zhi et al., “Current progress in the adsorption, transport and biodegradation of antibiotics in soil”, J. Environ. Manage., vol. 251, núm. 109598, p. 109598, 2019.M. M. Raafat, M. Ali-Tammam, y A. E. Ali, “Quorum quenching activity of Bacillus cereus isolate 30b confers antipathogenic effects in Pseudomonas aeruginosa”, Infect. Drug Resist., vol. 12, pp. 1583–1596, 2019.M. Malešević, N. Stanisavljević, K. Novović, N. Polović, Z. Vasiljević, M. Kojić & B. Jovčić, B. (2020). Burkholderia cepacia YtnP and Y2-aiiA lactonases inhibit virulence of Pseudomonas aeruginosa via quorum quenching activity, Microbial Pathogenesis, vol. 149, pp 104561.R. Billot, L. Plener, P. Jacquet, M. Elias, E. Chabrière & D Daudé. Engineering acyl-homoserine lactoneinterfering enzymes toward bacterial control, Journal of Biological Chemistry, vol. 295, num. 37, pp. 12993- 13007, 2020.Z. U. Rehman, A. A. Momin, A. Aldehaiman, T. Irum, R. Grünberg, y S. T. Arold, “The exceptionally efficient quorum quenching enzyme LrsL suppresses Pseudomonas aeruginosa biofilm production”, Front. Microbiol., vol. 13, p. 977673, 2022.R. Margesin y V. Miteva, “Diversity and ecology of psychrophilic microorganisms”, Res. Microbiol., vol. 162, núm. 3, pp. 346–361, 2011B. Joseph, P. W. Ramteke, y G. Thomas, “Cold active microbial lipases: some hot issues and recent developments”, Biotechnol. Adv., vol. 26, núm. 5, pp. 457–470, 2008.A. Lo Giudice et al., “Lipolytic activity of Antarctic coldadapted marine bacteria (Terra Nova Bay, Ross Sea)”, J. Appl. Microbiol., vol. 101, núm. 5, pp. 1039–1048, 2006.L. P. Parra, F. Reyes, J. P. Acevedo, O. Salazar, B. A. Andrews, y J. A. Asenjo, “Cloning and fusion expression of a cold-active lipase from marine Antarctic origin”, Enzyme Microb. Technol., vol. 42, núm. 4, pp. 371–377, 2008.U. G. Wagner, E. I. Petersen, H. Schwab & C. Kratky. EstB from Burkholderia gladioli: a novel esterase with a β‐lactamase fold reveals steric factors to discriminate between esterolytic and β‐lactam cleaving activity, Protein science, vol. 11, num. 3, pp. 467-478. 2002.J. Maiangwa, M. S. M. Ali, A. B. Salleh, R. N. Z. R. A. Rahman, F. M. Shariff, y T. C. Leow, “Adaptational properties and applications of cold-active lipases from psychrophilic bacteria”, Extremophiles, vol. 19, núm. 2, pp. 235–247, 2015.F. Hernández et al., “Occurrence of antibiotics and bacterial resistance in wastewater and sea water from the Antarctic”, J. Hazard. Mater., vol. 363, pp. 447–456, 2019.I. Tomova, M. Stoilova-Disheva, I. Lazarkevich, y E. Vasileva-Tonkova, “Antimicrobial activity and resistance to heavy metals and antibiotics of heterotrophic bacteria isolated from sediment and soil samples collected from two Antarctic islands”, Front. Life Sci., vol. 8, núm. 4, pp. 348–357, 2015.A. Santos, F. Burgos, J. Martinez-Urtaza, y L. Barrientos, “Metagenomic characterization of resistance genes in Deception Island and their association with mobile genetic elements”, Microorganisms, vol. 10, núm. 7, p. 1432, 2022.G. Feller, Z. Zekhnini, J. Lamotte-Brasseur, y C. Gerday, “Enzymes from cold-adapted microorganisms. The class C beta-lactamase from the antarctic psychrophile Psychrobacter immobilis A5”, Eur. J. Biochem., vol. 244, núm. 1, pp. 186–191, 1997.G. Feller, P. Sonnet, y C. Gerday, “The beta-lactamase secreted by the antarctic psychrophile Psychrobacter immobilis A8”, Appl. Environ. Microbiol., vol. 61, núm. 12, pp. 4474–4476, 1995.R. Papa et al., “Anti-virulence activity of the cell-free supernatant of the Antarctic bacterium Psychrobacter sp. TAE2020 against Pseudomonas aeruginosa clinical isolates from cystic fibrosis patients”, Antibiotics (Basel), vol. 10, núm. 8, p. 944, 2021.51N-acyl homoserine lactone (AHL) extremophilesQuorum-quenchingQuorums-sensingβ-lactamasesPublicationORIGINALEvaluation of the production potential of quorum.pdfEvaluation of the production potential of quorum.pdfapplication/pdf500605https://repositorio.cuc.edu.co/bitstreams/a61d220c-1eff-4568-b3c5-2e75e77122eb/downloadfe54fc66846ea955e32fa78f5e1a595fMD51LICENSElicense.txtlicense.txttext/plain; charset=utf-815543https://repositorio.cuc.edu.co/bitstreams/fd53552c-64b8-4273-84f6-db8254480bad/download73a5432e0b76442b22b026844140d683MD52TEXTEvaluation of the production potential of quorum.pdf.txtEvaluation of the production potential of quorum.pdf.txtExtracted texttext/plain25186https://repositorio.cuc.edu.co/bitstreams/5878c942-adba-478a-ac88-363178d34f69/download78b3195dbcd02a82a4e344ca70f32034MD53THUMBNAILEvaluation of the production potential of quorum.pdf.jpgEvaluation of the production potential of quorum.pdf.jpgGenerated Thumbnailimage/jpeg16806https://repositorio.cuc.edu.co/bitstreams/43809173-bb3e-4104-8599-28bff2f9c694/download92bd88e7fd391ad459bbef31548961acMD5411323/13658oai:repositorio.cuc.edu.co:11323/136582024-11-13 03:00:23.045https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/© 2023 Latin American and Caribbean Consortium of Engineering Institutions. 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ara ejercer estos derechos sobre la Obra tal y como se indica a continuación:</p>
    <ol type="a">
      <li>Reproducir la Obra, incorporar la Obra en una o más Obras Colectivas, y reproducir la Obra incorporada en las Obras Colectivas.</li>
      <li>Distribuir copias o fonogramas de las Obras, exhibirlas públicamente, ejecutarlas públicamente y/o ponerlas a disposición pública, incluyéndolas como incorporadas en Obras Colectivas, según corresponda.</li>
      <li>Distribuir copias de las Obras Derivadas que se generen, exhibirlas públicamente, ejecutarlas públicamente y/o ponerlas a disposición pública.</li>
    </ol>
    <p>Los derechos mencionados anteriormente pueden ser ejercidos en todos los medios y formatos, actualmente conocidos o que se inventen en el futuro. Los derechos antes mencionados incluyen el derecho a realizar dichas modificaciones en la medida que sean técnicamente necesarias para ejercer los derechos en otro medio o formatos, pero de otra manera usted no está autorizado para realizar obras derivadas. Todos los derechos no otorgados expresamente por el Licenciante quedan por este medio reservados, incluyendo pero sin limitarse a aquellos que se mencionan en las secciones 4(d) y 4(e).</p>
  </li>
  <br/>
  <li>
    Restricciones.
    <p>La licencia otorgada en la anterior Sección 3 está expresamente sujeta y limitada por las siguientes restricciones:</p>
    <ol type="a">
      <li>Usted puede distribuir, exhibir públicamente, ejecutar públicamente, o poner a disposición pública la Obra sólo bajo las condiciones de esta Licencia, y Usted debe incluir una copia de esta licencia o del Identificador Universal de Recursos de la misma con cada copia de la Obra que distribuya, exhiba públicamente, ejecute públicamente o ponga a disposición pública. No es posible ofrecer o imponer ninguna condición sobre la Obra que altere o limite las condiciones de esta Licencia o el ejercicio de los derechos de los destinatarios otorgados en este documento. No es posible sublicenciar la Obra. Usted debe mantener intactos todos los avisos que hagan referencia a esta Licencia y a la cláusula de limitación de garantías. Usted no puede distribuir, exhibir públicamente, ejecutar públicamente, o poner a disposición pública la Obra con alguna medida tecnológica que controle el acceso o la utilización de ella de una forma que sea inconsistente con las condiciones de esta Licencia. Lo anterior se aplica a la Obra incorporada a una Obra Colectiva, pero esto no exige que la Obra Colectiva aparte de la obra misma quede sujeta a las condiciones de esta Licencia. Si Usted crea una Obra Colectiva, previo aviso de cualquier Licenciante debe, en la medida de lo posible, eliminar de la Obra Colectiva cualquier referencia a dicho Licenciante o al Autor Original, según lo solicitado por el Licenciante y conforme lo exige la cláusula 4(c).</li>
      <li>Usted no puede ejercer ninguno de los derechos que le han sido otorgados en la Sección 3 precedente de modo que estén principalmente destinados o directamente dirigidos a conseguir un provecho comercial o una compensación monetaria privada. El intercambio de la Obra por otras obras protegidas por derechos de autor, ya sea a través de un sistema para compartir archivos digitales (digital file-sharing) o de cualquier otra manera no será considerado como estar destinado principalmente o dirigido directamente a conseguir un provecho comercial o una compensación monetaria privada, siempre que no se realice un pago mediante una compensación monetaria en relación con el intercambio de obras protegidas por el derecho de autor.</li>
      <li>Si usted distribuye, exhibe públicamente, ejecuta públicamente o ejecuta públicamente en forma digital la Obra o cualquier Obra Derivada u Obra Colectiva, Usted debe mantener intacta toda la información de derecho de autor de la Obra y proporcionar, de forma razonable según el medio o manera que Usted esté utilizando: (i) el nombre del Autor Original si está provisto (o seudónimo, si fuere aplicable), y/o (ii) el nombre de la parte o las partes que el Autor Original y/o el Licenciante hubieren designado para la atribución (v.g., un instituto patrocinador, editorial, publicación) en la información de los derechos de autor del Licenciante, términos de servicios o de otras formas razonables; el título de la Obra si está provisto; en la medida de lo razonablemente factible y, si está provisto, el Identificador Uniforme de Recursos (Uniform Resource Identifier) que el Licenciante especifica para ser asociado con la Obra, salvo que tal URI no se refiera a la nota sobre los derechos de autor o a la información sobre el licenciamiento de la Obra; y en el caso de una Obra Derivada, atribuir el crédito identificando el uso de la Obra en la Obra Derivada (v.g., "Traducción Francesa de la Obra del Autor Original," o "Guión Cinematográfico basado en la Obra original del Autor Original"). Tal crédito puede ser implementado de cualquier forma razonable; en el caso, sin embargo, de Obras Derivadas u Obras Colectivas, tal crédito aparecerá, como mínimo, donde aparece el crédito de cualquier otro autor comparable y de una manera, al menos, tan destacada como el crédito de otro autor comparable.</li>
      <li>
        Para evitar toda confusión, el Licenciante aclara que, cuando la obra es una composición musical:
        <ol type="i">
          <li>Regalías por interpretación y ejecución bajo licencias generales. El Licenciante se reserva el derecho exclusivo de autorizar la ejecución pública o la ejecución pública digital de la obra y de recolectar, sea individualmente o a través de una sociedad de gestión colectiva de derechos de autor y derechos conexos (por ejemplo, SAYCO), las regalías por la ejecución pública o por la ejecución pública digital de la obra (por ejemplo Webcast) licenciada bajo licencias generales, si la interpretación o ejecución de la obra está primordialmente orientada por o dirigida a la obtención de una ventaja comercial o una compensación monetaria privada.</li>
          <li>Regalías por Fonogramas. El Licenciante se reserva el derecho exclusivo de recolectar, individualmente o a través de una sociedad de gestión colectiva de derechos de autor y derechos conexos (por ejemplo, los consagrados por la SAYCO), una agencia de derechos musicales o algún agente designado, las regalías por cualquier fonograma que Usted cree a partir de la obra (“versión cover”) y distribuya, en los términos del régimen de derechos de autor, si la creación o distribución de esa versión cover está primordialmente destinada o dirigida a obtener una ventaja comercial o una compensación monetaria privada.</li>
        </ol>
      </li>
      <li>Gestión de Derechos de Autor sobre Interpretaciones y Ejecuciones Digitales (WebCasting). Para evitar toda confusión, el Licenciante aclara que, cuando la obra sea un fonograma, el Licenciante se reserva el derecho exclusivo de autorizar la ejecución pública digital de la obra (por ejemplo, webcast) y de recolectar, individualmente o a través de una sociedad de gestión colectiva de derechos de autor y derechos conexos (por ejemplo, ACINPRO), las regalías por la ejecución pública digital de la obra (por ejemplo, webcast), sujeta a las disposiciones aplicables del régimen de Derecho de Autor, si esta ejecución pública digital está primordialmente dirigida a obtener una ventaja comercial o una compensación monetaria privada.</li>
    </ol>
  </li>
  <br/>
  <li>
    Representaciones, Garantías y Limitaciones de Responsabilidad.
    <p>A MENOS QUE LAS PARTES LO ACORDARAN DE OTRA FORMA POR ESCRITO, EL LICENCIANTE OFRECE LA OBRA (EN EL ESTADO EN EL QUE SE ENCUENTRA) “TAL CUAL”, SIN BRINDAR GARANTÍAS DE CLASE ALGUNA RESPECTO DE LA OBRA, YA SEA EXPRESA, IMPLÍCITA, LEGAL O CUALQUIERA OTRA, INCLUYENDO, SIN LIMITARSE A ELLAS, GARANTÍAS DE TITULARIDAD, COMERCIABILIDAD, ADAPTABILIDAD O ADECUACIÓN A PROPÓSITO DETERMINADO, AUSENCIA DE INFRACCIÓN, DE AUSENCIA DE DEFECTOS LATENTES O DE OTRO TIPO, O LA PRESENCIA O AUSENCIA DE ERRORES, SEAN O NO DESCUBRIBLES (PUEDAN O NO SER ESTOS DESCUBIERTOS). ALGUNAS JURISDICCIONES NO PERMITEN LA EXCLUSIÓN DE GARANTÍAS IMPLÍCITAS, EN CUYO CASO ESTA EXCLUSIÓN PUEDE NO APLICARSE A USTED.</p>
  </li>
  <br/>
  <li>
    Limitación de responsabilidad.
    <p>A MENOS QUE LO EXIJA EXPRESAMENTE LA LEY APLICABLE, EL LICENCIANTE NO SERÁ RESPONSABLE ANTE USTED POR DAÑO ALGUNO, SEA POR RESPONSABILIDAD EXTRACONTRACTUAL, PRECONTRACTUAL O CONTRACTUAL, OBJETIVA O SUBJETIVA, SE TRATE DE DAÑOS MORALES O PATRIMONIALES, DIRECTOS O INDIRECTOS, PREVISTOS O IMPREVISTOS PRODUCIDOS POR EL USO DE ESTA LICENCIA O DE LA OBRA, AUN CUANDO EL LICENCIANTE HAYA SIDO ADVERTIDO DE LA POSIBILIDAD DE DICHOS DAÑOS. ALGUNAS LEYES NO PERMITEN LA EXCLUSIÓN DE CIERTA RESPONSABILIDAD, EN CUYO CASO ESTA EXCLUSIÓN PUEDE NO APLICARSE A USTED.</p>
  </li>
  <br/>
  <li>
    Término.
    <ol type="a">
      <li>Esta Licencia y los derechos otorgados en virtud de ella terminarán automáticamente si Usted infringe alguna condición establecida en ella. Sin embargo, los individuos o entidades que han recibido Obras Derivadas o Colectivas de Usted de conformidad con esta Licencia, no verán terminadas sus licencias, siempre que estos individuos o entidades sigan cumpliendo íntegramente las condiciones de estas licencias. Las Secciones 1, 2, 5, 6, 7, y 8 subsistirán a cualquier terminación de esta Licencia.</li>
      <li>Sujeta a las condiciones y términos anteriores, la licencia otorgada aquí es perpetua (durante el período de vigencia de los derechos de autor de la obra). No obstante lo anterior, el Licenciante se reserva el derecho a publicar y/o estrenar la Obra bajo condiciones de licencia diferentes o a dejar de distribuirla en los términos de esta Licencia en cualquier momento; en el entendido, sin embargo, que esa elección no servirá para revocar esta licencia o que deba ser otorgada , bajo los términos de esta licencia), y esta licencia continuará en pleno vigor y efecto a menos que sea terminada como se expresa atrás. La Licencia revocada continuará siendo plenamente vigente y efectiva si no se le da término en las condiciones indicadas anteriormente.</li>
    </ol>
  </li>
  <br/>
  <li>
    Varios.
    <ol type="a">
      <li>Cada vez que Usted distribuya o ponga a disposición pública la Obra o una Obra Colectiva, el Licenciante ofrecerá al destinatario una licencia en los mismos términos y condiciones que la licencia otorgada a Usted bajo esta Licencia.</li>
      <li>Si alguna disposición de esta Licencia resulta invalidada o no exigible, según la legislación vigente, esto no afectará ni la validez ni la aplicabilidad del resto de condiciones de esta Licencia y, sin acción adicional por parte de los sujetos de este acuerdo, aquélla se entenderá reformada lo mínimo necesario para hacer que dicha disposición sea válida y exigible.</li>
      <li>Ningún término o disposición de esta Licencia se estimará renunciada y ninguna violación de ella será consentida a menos que esa renuncia o consentimiento sea otorgado por escrito y firmado por la parte que renuncie o consienta.</li>
      <li>Esta Licencia refleja el acuerdo pleno entre las partes respecto a la Obra aquí licenciada. No hay arreglos, acuerdos o declaraciones respecto a la Obra que no estén especificados en este documento. El Licenciante no se verá limitado por ninguna disposición adicional que pueda surgir en alguna comunicación emanada de Usted. Esta Licencia no puede ser modificada sin el consentimiento mutuo por escrito del Licenciante y Usted.</li>
    </ol>
  </li>
  <br/>
</ol>
 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