Delay of Gratification in Costa Rican Preschoolers: Effect of Trust in the Experimenter and the Socio-Economic Status

This study analyzed the effect of confidence in the experimenter on the performance of a group of Costa Rican preschoolers on self-control. In addition, the effect of socioeconomic status on performance on the marshmallow task was analyzed by a comparison of children from both different schools (pub...

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Autores:
Chaverri Chaves, Pablo
Conejo B., L. Diego
León-González, Sara Paola
Arrieta Ávila, Alonso
Tipo de recurso:
Article of journal
Fecha de publicación:
2022
Institución:
Corporación Universidad de la Costa
Repositorio:
REDICUC - Repositorio CUC
Idioma:
eng
OAI Identifier:
oai:repositorio.cuc.edu.co:11323/9720
Acceso en línea:
https://hdl.handle.net/11323/9720
https://repositorio.cuc.edu.co/
Palabra clave:
Autocontrol
Preescolares
Postergación de la gratificación
Tarea de la golosina
Toma de decisiones
Self-control
Preschoolers
Delay of gratification
Candy test
Decision making
Autocontrole
Pré-escolares
Adiamento da procrastinação
Teste do marshmallow
Tomada de decisão
Maîtrise de soi
Enfants d’âge préscolaire
Report de la gratification
Test du marshmallow
Prise de décision
Rights
openAccess
License
Atribución-NoComercial-SinDerivadas 4.0 Internacional (CC BY-NC-ND 4.0)
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network_name_str REDICUC - Repositorio CUC
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dc.title.eng.fl_str_mv Delay of Gratification in Costa Rican Preschoolers: Effect of Trust in the Experimenter and the Socio-Economic Status
title Delay of Gratification in Costa Rican Preschoolers: Effect of Trust in the Experimenter and the Socio-Economic Status
spellingShingle Delay of Gratification in Costa Rican Preschoolers: Effect of Trust in the Experimenter and the Socio-Economic Status
Autocontrol
Preescolares
Postergación de la gratificación
Tarea de la golosina
Toma de decisiones
Self-control
Preschoolers
Delay of gratification
Candy test
Decision making
Autocontrole
Pré-escolares
Adiamento da procrastinação
Teste do marshmallow
Tomada de decisão
Maîtrise de soi
Enfants d’âge préscolaire
Report de la gratification
Test du marshmallow
Prise de décision
title_short Delay of Gratification in Costa Rican Preschoolers: Effect of Trust in the Experimenter and the Socio-Economic Status
title_full Delay of Gratification in Costa Rican Preschoolers: Effect of Trust in the Experimenter and the Socio-Economic Status
title_fullStr Delay of Gratification in Costa Rican Preschoolers: Effect of Trust in the Experimenter and the Socio-Economic Status
title_full_unstemmed Delay of Gratification in Costa Rican Preschoolers: Effect of Trust in the Experimenter and the Socio-Economic Status
title_sort Delay of Gratification in Costa Rican Preschoolers: Effect of Trust in the Experimenter and the Socio-Economic Status
dc.creator.fl_str_mv Chaverri Chaves, Pablo
Conejo B., L. Diego
León-González, Sara Paola
Arrieta Ávila, Alonso
dc.contributor.author.none.fl_str_mv Chaverri Chaves, Pablo
Conejo B., L. Diego
León-González, Sara Paola
Arrieta Ávila, Alonso
dc.subject.proposal.spa.fl_str_mv Autocontrol
Preescolares
Postergación de la gratificación
Tarea de la golosina
Toma de decisiones
topic Autocontrol
Preescolares
Postergación de la gratificación
Tarea de la golosina
Toma de decisiones
Self-control
Preschoolers
Delay of gratification
Candy test
Decision making
Autocontrole
Pré-escolares
Adiamento da procrastinação
Teste do marshmallow
Tomada de decisão
Maîtrise de soi
Enfants d’âge préscolaire
Report de la gratification
Test du marshmallow
Prise de décision
dc.subject.proposal.eng.fl_str_mv Self-control
Preschoolers
Delay of gratification
Candy test
Decision making
dc.subject.proposal.por.fl_str_mv Autocontrole
Pré-escolares
Adiamento da procrastinação
Teste do marshmallow
Tomada de decisão
dc.subject.proposal.fra.fl_str_mv Maîtrise de soi
Enfants d’âge préscolaire
Report de la gratification
Test du marshmallow
Prise de décision
description This study analyzed the effect of confidence in the experimenter on the performance of a group of Costa Rican preschoolers on self-control. In addition, the effect of socioeconomic status on performance on the marshmallow task was analyzed by a comparison of children from both different schools (public vs private) and different socioeconomic contexts within each school. The sample of participants was 67 children (26 girls, M of age = 63 months, SD = 6.03). Effects were found, both of the confidence in the experimenter and of the socio-economic status in self-control. The implications of this study for future studies with children and families are discussed.
publishDate 2022
dc.date.accessioned.none.fl_str_mv 2022-12-27T20:35:44Z
dc.date.available.none.fl_str_mv 2022-12-27T20:35:44Z
dc.date.issued.none.fl_str_mv 2022-06-08
dc.type.spa.fl_str_mv Artículo de revista
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dc.type.content.spa.fl_str_mv Text
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dc.identifier.citation.spa.fl_str_mv Chaverri-Chaves, P. C.; Conejo, L. D.; León-González, S. & Arrieta-Ávila, A. (2022). Delay of Gratification in Costa Rican Preschoolers: Effect of Trust in the Experimenter and the Socio-Economic Status. Journal of Applied Cognitive Neuroscience, 3(1), e00224586. https://doi.org/10.17981/JACN.3.1.2022.01
dc.identifier.uri.none.fl_str_mv https://hdl.handle.net/11323/9720
dc.identifier.doi.none.fl_str_mv 10.17981/JACN.3.1.2022.01
dc.identifier.eissn.spa.fl_str_mv 2745-0031
dc.identifier.instname.spa.fl_str_mv Corporación Universidad de la Costa
dc.identifier.reponame.spa.fl_str_mv REDICUC - Repositorio CUC
dc.identifier.repourl.spa.fl_str_mv https://repositorio.cuc.edu.co/
identifier_str_mv Chaverri-Chaves, P. C.; Conejo, L. D.; León-González, S. & Arrieta-Ávila, A. (2022). Delay of Gratification in Costa Rican Preschoolers: Effect of Trust in the Experimenter and the Socio-Economic Status. Journal of Applied Cognitive Neuroscience, 3(1), e00224586. https://doi.org/10.17981/JACN.3.1.2022.01
10.17981/JACN.3.1.2022.01
2745-0031
Corporación Universidad de la Costa
REDICUC - Repositorio CUC
url https://hdl.handle.net/11323/9720
https://repositorio.cuc.edu.co/
dc.language.iso.spa.fl_str_mv eng
language eng
dc.relation.ispartofjournal.spa.fl_str_mv Journal of Applied Cognitive Neuroscience
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dc.rights.eng.fl_str_mv Copyright (c) 2022 Pablo Chaverri-Chaves, L. Diego Conejo, Sara León-González, Alonso Arrieta-Ávila
dc.rights.license.spa.fl_str_mv Atribución-NoComercial-SinDerivadas 4.0 Internacional (CC BY-NC-ND 4.0)
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Copyright (c) 2022 Pablo Chaverri-Chaves, L. Diego Conejo, Sara León-González, Alonso Arrieta-Ávila
https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0/
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spelling Atribución-NoComercial-SinDerivadas 4.0 Internacional (CC BY-NC-ND 4.0)Copyright (c) 2022 Pablo Chaverri-Chaves, L. Diego Conejo, Sara León-González, Alonso Arrieta-Ávilahttps://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0/info:eu-repo/semantics/openAccesshttp://purl.org/coar/access_right/c_abf2Chaverri Chaves, PabloConejo B., L. DiegoLeón-González, Sara PaolaArrieta Ávila, Alonso2022-12-27T20:35:44Z2022-12-27T20:35:44Z2022-06-08Chaverri-Chaves, P. C.; Conejo, L. D.; León-González, S. & Arrieta-Ávila, A. (2022). Delay of Gratification in Costa Rican Preschoolers: Effect of Trust in the Experimenter and the Socio-Economic Status. Journal of Applied Cognitive Neuroscience, 3(1), e00224586. https://doi.org/10.17981/JACN.3.1.2022.01https://hdl.handle.net/11323/972010.17981/JACN.3.1.2022.012745-0031Corporación Universidad de la CostaREDICUC - Repositorio CUChttps://repositorio.cuc.edu.co/This study analyzed the effect of confidence in the experimenter on the performance of a group of Costa Rican preschoolers on self-control. In addition, the effect of socioeconomic status on performance on the marshmallow task was analyzed by a comparison of children from both different schools (public vs private) and different socioeconomic contexts within each school. The sample of participants was 67 children (26 girls, M of age = 63 months, SD = 6.03). Effects were found, both of the confidence in the experimenter and of the socio-economic status in self-control. The implications of this study for future studies with children and families are discussed.Este estudio analizó el efecto de la confianza en la persona experimentadora sobre el desempeño de un grupo de niñas(os) preescolares costarricenses en el autocontrol. Adicionalmente, se analizó el efecto del estatus socioeconómico en el desempeño en la tarea de la golosina por medio de una comparación de niños provenientes tanto de diferentes escuelas (pública vs privada) como de distintos contextos socioeconómicos al interior de cada escuela. La muestra de participantes fue de 67 niños(as) (26 niñas, M de edad = 63 meses, D.T. = 6.03). Se encontraron efectos, tanto de la confianza en la persona experimentadora, como del contexto socioeconómico en el autocontrol. Se discuten las implicaciones de este estudio para futuros trabajos con niñas y niños, y familias.Cette étude a analysé l’effet de la confiance dans l’expérimentateur sur la performance d’un groupe de filles d’âge préscolaire costariciennes sur la maîtrise de soi. En outre, l’effet du statut socio-économique sur le rendement sur la tâche de la gâterie a été analysé par une comparaison des enfants des deux écoles (publiques vs privées) et des contextes socio-économiques différents au sein de chaque école. L’échantillon de participants était de 67 garçons (26 filles, moyenne d’âge = 63 mois, D.S. = 6.03). Des effets ont été constatés, tant de la confiance dans la personne expérimentée que du contexte socio-économique dans la maîtrise de soi. Les implications de cette étude pour le travail futur avec les enfants et les familles sont discutées.Este estudo analisou o efeito da confiança no experimentador sobre o desempenho de um grupo de meninas pré-escolares costarriquenhas em autocontrole. Além disso, o efeito do status socioeconômico sobre o desempenho na tarefa do tratamento foi analisado por uma comparação de crianças de escolas diferentes (públicas vs privadas) e diferentes contextos socioeconômicos dentro de cada escola. A amostra de participantes foi de 67 meninos (26 meninas, M de idade × 63 meses, D.T.s 6.03). Foram encontrados efeitos, tanto da confiança na pessoa experiente quanto do contexto socioeconômico no autocontrole. 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Developmental Science, 10(3), 288–297. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1467-7687.2007.00590.x18113AutocontrolPreescolaresPostergación de la gratificaciónTarea de la golosinaToma de decisionesSelf-controlPreschoolersDelay of gratificationCandy testDecision makingAutocontrolePré-escolaresAdiamento da procrastinaçãoTeste do marshmallowTomada de decisãoMaîtrise de soiEnfants d’âge préscolaireReport de la gratificationTest du marshmallowPrise de décisionComunidad científicaPublicationORIGINALDelay of Gratification in Costa Rican Preschoolers Effect of Trust in the Experimenter and the Socio-Economic Status.pdfDelay of Gratification in Costa Rican Preschoolers Effect of Trust in the Experimenter and the Socio-Economic Status.pdfArtículoapplication/pdf558764https://repositorio.cuc.edu.co/bitstreams/472c0361-74a4-44b9-8130-30f1f36f3f02/download3ae6dd82383dc2c1ae060a557a0b3d06MD51LICENSElicense.txtlicense.txttext/plain; charset=utf-814828https://repositorio.cuc.edu.co/bitstreams/268ca8b6-6572-47c5-a955-6356274f8f26/download2f9959eaf5b71fae44bbf9ec84150c7aMD52TEXTDelay of Gratification in Costa Rican Preschoolers Effect of Trust in the Experimenter and the Socio-Economic Status.pdf.txtDelay of Gratification in Costa Rican Preschoolers Effect of Trust in the Experimenter and the Socio-Economic Status.pdf.txtExtracted texttext/plain59941https://repositorio.cuc.edu.co/bitstreams/ec9bed9b-d2f9-4006-a573-d28d6ea9e1b8/download80f506e216651e1bc3a4521df0980c57MD53THUMBNAILDelay of Gratification in Costa Rican Preschoolers Effect of Trust in the Experimenter and the Socio-Economic Status.pdf.jpgDelay of Gratification in Costa Rican Preschoolers Effect of Trust in the Experimenter and the Socio-Economic Status.pdf.jpgGenerated Thumbnailimage/jpeg14629https://repositorio.cuc.edu.co/bitstreams/2cfd20b2-12e7-4363-bf76-e18b2957a38d/download86c528649530e851d60493e7af2c4040MD5411323/9720oai:repositorio.cuc.edu.co:11323/97202024-09-17 14:16:26.504https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0/Copyright (c) 2022 Pablo Chaverri-Chaves, L. 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ada en las Obras Colectivas.

b.	Distribuir copias o fonogramas de las Obras, exhibirlas públicamente, ejecutarlas públicamente y/o ponerlas a disposición pública, incluyéndolas como incorporadas en Obras Colectivas, según corresponda.

c.	Distribuir copias de las Obras Derivadas que se generen, exhibirlas públicamente, ejecutarlas públicamente y/o ponerlas a disposición pública.
Los derechos mencionados anteriormente pueden ser ejercidos en todos los medios y formatos, actualmente conocidos o que se inventen en el futuro. Los derechos antes mencionados incluyen el derecho a realizar dichas modificaciones en la medida que sean técnicamente necesarias para ejercer los derechos en otro medio o formatos, pero de otra manera usted no está autorizado para realizar obras derivadas. Todos los derechos no otorgados expresamente por el Licenciante quedan por este medio reservados, incluyendo pero sin limitarse a aquellos que se mencionan en las secciones 4(d) y 4(e).

4. Restricciones.
La licencia otorgada en la anterior Sección 3 está expresamente sujeta y limitada por las siguientes restricciones:

a.	Usted puede distribuir, exhibir públicamente, ejecutar públicamente, o poner a disposición pública la Obra sólo bajo las condiciones de esta Licencia, y Usted debe incluir una copia de esta licencia o del Identificador Universal de Recursos de la misma con cada copia de la Obra que distribuya, exhiba públicamente, ejecute públicamente o ponga a disposición pública. No es posible ofrecer o imponer ninguna condición sobre la Obra que altere o limite las condiciones de esta Licencia o el ejercicio de los derechos de los destinatarios otorgados en este documento. No es posible sublicenciar la Obra. Usted debe mantener intactos todos los avisos que hagan referencia a esta Licencia y a la cláusula de limitación de garantías. Usted no puede distribuir, exhibir públicamente, ejecutar públicamente, o poner a disposición pública la Obra con alguna medida tecnológica que controle el acceso o la utilización de ella de una forma que sea inconsistente con las condiciones de esta Licencia. Lo anterior se aplica a la Obra incorporada a una Obra Colectiva, pero esto no exige que la Obra Colectiva aparte de la obra misma quede sujeta a las condiciones de esta Licencia. Si Usted crea una Obra Colectiva, previo aviso de cualquier Licenciante debe, en la medida de lo posible, eliminar de la Obra Colectiva cualquier referencia a dicho Licenciante o al Autor Original, según lo solicitado por el Licenciante y conforme lo exige la cláusula 4(c).

b.	Usted no puede ejercer ninguno de los derechos que le han sido otorgados en la Sección 3 precedente de modo que estén principalmente destinados o directamente dirigidos a conseguir un provecho comercial o una compensación monetaria privada. El intercambio de la Obra por otras obras protegidas por derechos de autor, ya sea a través de un sistema para compartir archivos digitales (digital file-sharing) o de cualquier otra manera no será considerado como estar destinado principalmente o dirigido directamente a conseguir un provecho comercial o una compensación monetaria privada, siempre que no se realice un pago mediante una compensación monetaria en relación con el intercambio de obras protegidas por el derecho de autor.

c.	Si usted distribuye, exhibe públicamente, ejecuta públicamente o ejecuta públicamente en forma digital la Obra o cualquier Obra Derivada u Obra Colectiva, Usted debe mantener intacta toda la información de derecho de autor de la Obra y proporcionar, de forma razonable según el medio o manera que Usted esté utilizando: (i) el nombre del Autor Original si está provisto (o seudónimo, si fuere aplicable), y/o (ii) el nombre de la parte o las partes que el Autor Original y/o el Licenciante hubieren designado para la atribución (v.g., un instituto patrocinador, editorial, publicación) en la información de los derechos de autor del Licenciante, términos de servicios o de otras formas razonables; el título de la Obra si está provisto; en la medida de lo razonablemente factible y, si está provisto, el Identificador Uniforme de Recursos (Uniform Resource Identifier) que el Licenciante especifica para ser asociado con la Obra, salvo que tal URI no se refiera a la nota sobre los derechos de autor o a la información sobre el licenciamiento de la Obra; y en el caso de una Obra Derivada, atribuir el crédito identificando el uso de la Obra en la Obra Derivada (v.g., "Traducción Francesa de la Obra del Autor Original," o "Guión Cinematográfico basado en la Obra original del Autor Original"). Tal crédito puede ser implementado de cualquier forma razonable; en el caso, sin embargo, de Obras Derivadas u Obras Colectivas, tal crédito aparecerá, como mínimo, donde aparece el crédito de cualquier otro autor comparable y de una manera, al menos, tan destacada como el crédito de otro autor comparable.

d.	Para evitar toda confusión, el Licenciante aclara que, cuando la obra es una composición musical:

i.	Regalías por interpretación y ejecución bajo licencias generales. El Licenciante se reserva el derecho exclusivo de autorizar la ejecución pública o la ejecución pública digital de la obra y de recolectar, sea individualmente o a través de una sociedad de gestión colectiva de derechos de autor y derechos conexos (por ejemplo, SAYCO), las regalías por la ejecución pública o por la ejecución pública digital de la obra (por ejemplo Webcast) licenciada bajo licencias generales, si la interpretación o ejecución de la obra está primordialmente orientada por o dirigida a la obtención de una ventaja comercial o una compensación monetaria privada.

ii.	Regalías por Fonogramas. El Licenciante se reserva el derecho exclusivo de recolectar, individualmente o a través de una sociedad de gestión colectiva de derechos de autor y derechos conexos (por ejemplo, los consagrados por la SAYCO), una agencia de derechos musicales o algún agente designado, las regalías por cualquier fonograma que Usted cree a partir de la obra (“versión cover”) y distribuya, en los términos del régimen de derechos de autor, si la creación o distribución de esa versión cover está primordialmente destinada o dirigida a obtener una ventaja comercial o una compensación monetaria privada.

e.	Gestión de Derechos de Autor sobre Interpretaciones y Ejecuciones Digitales (WebCasting). Para evitar toda confusión, el Licenciante aclara que, cuando la obra sea un fonograma, el Licenciante se reserva el derecho exclusivo de autorizar la ejecución pública digital de la obra (por ejemplo, webcast) y de recolectar, individualmente o a través de una sociedad de gestión colectiva de derechos de autor y derechos conexos (por ejemplo, ACINPRO), las regalías por la ejecución pública digital de la obra (por ejemplo, webcast), sujeta a las disposiciones aplicables del régimen de Derecho de Autor, si esta ejecución pública digital está primordialmente dirigida a obtener una ventaja comercial o una compensación monetaria privada.

5. Representaciones, Garantías y Limitaciones de Responsabilidad.
A MENOS QUE LAS PARTES LO ACORDARAN DE OTRA FORMA POR ESCRITO, EL LICENCIANTE OFRECE LA OBRA (EN EL ESTADO EN EL QUE SE ENCUENTRA) “TAL CUAL”, SIN BRINDAR GARANTÍAS DE CLASE ALGUNA RESPECTO DE LA OBRA, YA SEA EXPRESA, IMPLÍCITA, LEGAL O CUALQUIERA OTRA, INCLUYENDO, SIN LIMITARSE A ELLAS, GARANTÍAS DE TITULARIDAD, COMERCIABILIDAD, ADAPTABILIDAD O ADECUACIÓN A PROPÓSITO DETERMINADO, AUSENCIA DE INFRACCIÓN, DE AUSENCIA DE DEFECTOS LATENTES O DE OTRO TIPO, O LA PRESENCIA O AUSENCIA DE ERRORES, SEAN O NO DESCUBRIBLES (PUEDAN O NO SER ESTOS DESCUBIERTOS). ALGUNAS JURISDICCIONES NO PERMITEN LA EXCLUSIÓN DE GARANTÍAS IMPLÍCITAS, EN CUYO CASO ESTA EXCLUSIÓN PUEDE NO APLICARSE A USTED.

6. Limitación de responsabilidad.
A MENOS QUE LO EXIJA EXPRESAMENTE LA LEY APLICABLE, EL LICENCIANTE NO SERÁ RESPONSABLE ANTE USTED POR DAÑO ALGUNO, SEA POR RESPONSABILIDAD EXTRACONTRACTUAL, PRECONTRACTUAL O CONTRACTUAL, OBJETIVA O SUBJETIVA, SE TRATE DE DAÑOS MORALES O PATRIMONIALES, DIRECTOS O INDIRECTOS, PREVISTOS O IMPREVISTOS PRODUCIDOS POR EL USO DE ESTA LICENCIA O DE LA OBRA, AUN CUANDO EL LICENCIANTE HAYA SIDO ADVERTIDO DE LA POSIBILIDAD DE DICHOS DAÑOS. ALGUNAS LEYES NO PERMITEN LA EXCLUSIÓN DE CIERTA RESPONSABILIDAD, EN CUYO CASO ESTA EXCLUSIÓN PUEDE NO APLICARSE A USTED.

7. Término.

a.	Esta Licencia y los derechos otorgados en virtud de ella terminarán automáticamente si Usted infringe alguna condición establecida en ella. Sin embargo, los individuos o entidades que han recibido Obras Derivadas o Colectivas de Usted de conformidad con esta Licencia, no verán terminadas sus licencias, siempre que estos individuos o entidades sigan cumpliendo íntegramente las condiciones de estas licencias. Las Secciones 1, 2, 5, 6, 7, y 8 subsistirán a cualquier terminación de esta Licencia.

b.	Sujeta a las condiciones y términos anteriores, la licencia otorgada aquí es perpetua (durante el período de vigencia de los derechos de autor de la obra). No obstante lo anterior, el Licenciante se reserva el derecho a publicar y/o estrenar la Obra bajo condiciones de licencia diferentes o a dejar de distribuirla en los términos de esta Licencia en cualquier momento; en el entendido, sin embargo, que esa elección no servirá para revocar esta licencia o que deba ser otorgada , bajo los términos de esta licencia), y esta licencia continuará en pleno vigor y efecto a menos que sea terminada como se expresa atrás. La Licencia revocada continuará siendo plenamente vigente y efectiva si no se le da término en las condiciones indicadas anteriormente.

8. Varios.

a.	Cada vez que Usted distribuya o ponga a disposición pública la Obra o una Obra Colectiva, el Licenciante ofrecerá al destinatario una licencia en los mismos términos y condiciones que la licencia otorgada a Usted bajo esta Licencia.

b.	Si alguna disposición de esta Licencia resulta invalidada o no exigible, según la legislación vigente, esto no afectará ni la validez ni la aplicabilidad del resto de condiciones de esta Licencia y, sin acción adicional por parte de los sujetos de este acuerdo, aquélla se entenderá reformada lo mínimo necesario para hacer que dicha disposición sea válida y exigible.

c.	Ningún término o disposición de esta Licencia se estimará renunciada y ninguna violación de ella será consentida a menos que esa renuncia o consentimiento sea otorgado por escrito y firmado por la parte que renuncie o consienta.

d.	Esta Licencia refleja el acuerdo pleno entre las partes respecto a la Obra aquí licenciada. No hay arreglos, acuerdos o declaraciones respecto a la Obra que no estén especificados en este documento. El Licenciante no se verá limitado por ninguna disposición adicional que pueda surgir en alguna comunicación emanada de Usted. Esta Licencia no puede ser modificada sin el consentimiento mutuo por escrito del Licenciante y Usted.


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