Mild cognitive impairment (MCI) and dementia in a sample of adults in the city of Bogotá

ABSTRACT: The low prevalence of dementia described in communities is likely due to the low sensitivity of screening tests and an absence of evaluation by specialists. OBJECTIVE: To estimate the prevalence of mild cognitive impairment (MCI) and dementia in adults older than 50 years. METHODS: A two-p...

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Autores:
Pedraza, Olga Lucia
Salazar Montes, Ana Maria
Sierra, Fabio Alexander
Montalvo, Maria Camila
Muñoz, Yolanda
Díaz, Jose Miguel
Lozano, Angela
Piñeros, Cesar
Tipo de recurso:
Article of journal
Fecha de publicación:
2017
Institución:
Fundación Universitaria de Ciencias de la Salud - FUCS
Repositorio:
Repositorio Digital Institucional ReDi
Idioma:
eng
OAI Identifier:
oai:repositorio.fucsalud.edu.co:001/1391
Acceso en línea:
https://repositorio.fucsalud.edu.co/handle/001/1391
Palabra clave:
Dementia
Mild cognitive impairment
Prevalence
Demencia
Disfunción cognitiva
Prevalencia
Rights
openAccess
License
Atribución-NoComercial-SinDerivadas 4.0 Internacional (CC BY-NC-ND 4.0)
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network_acronym_str FUCS2
network_name_str Repositorio Digital Institucional ReDi
repository_id_str
dc.title.eng.fl_str_mv Mild cognitive impairment (MCI) and dementia in a sample of adults in the city of Bogotá
dc.title.por.fl_str_mv Comprometimento cognitivo leve (CCL) e demência em uma amostra de adultos na cidade de Bogotá
title Mild cognitive impairment (MCI) and dementia in a sample of adults in the city of Bogotá
spellingShingle Mild cognitive impairment (MCI) and dementia in a sample of adults in the city of Bogotá
Dementia
Mild cognitive impairment
Prevalence
Demencia
Disfunción cognitiva
Prevalencia
title_short Mild cognitive impairment (MCI) and dementia in a sample of adults in the city of Bogotá
title_full Mild cognitive impairment (MCI) and dementia in a sample of adults in the city of Bogotá
title_fullStr Mild cognitive impairment (MCI) and dementia in a sample of adults in the city of Bogotá
title_full_unstemmed Mild cognitive impairment (MCI) and dementia in a sample of adults in the city of Bogotá
title_sort Mild cognitive impairment (MCI) and dementia in a sample of adults in the city of Bogotá
dc.creator.fl_str_mv Pedraza, Olga Lucia
Salazar Montes, Ana Maria
Sierra, Fabio Alexander
Montalvo, Maria Camila
Muñoz, Yolanda
Díaz, Jose Miguel
Lozano, Angela
Piñeros, Cesar
dc.contributor.author.none.fl_str_mv Pedraza, Olga Lucia
Salazar Montes, Ana Maria
Sierra, Fabio Alexander
Montalvo, Maria Camila
Muñoz, Yolanda
Díaz, Jose Miguel
Lozano, Angela
Piñeros, Cesar
dc.subject.proposal.eng.fl_str_mv Dementia
Mild cognitive impairment
Prevalence
topic Dementia
Mild cognitive impairment
Prevalence
Demencia
Disfunción cognitiva
Prevalencia
dc.subject.decs.none.fl_str_mv Demencia
Disfunción cognitiva
Prevalencia
description ABSTRACT: The low prevalence of dementia described in communities is likely due to the low sensitivity of screening tests and an absence of evaluation by specialists. OBJECTIVE: To estimate the prevalence of mild cognitive impairment (MCI) and dementia in adults older than 50 years. METHODS: A two-phase, cross-sectional study was conducted by specialists to evaluate cognition and associated demographic risk factors in 1,235 independent community-dwelling adults from Bogotá. In Phase I, screening was performed using the MMSE and MoCA tests. In Phase II, after application of a comprehensive neuropsychological battery with neurologic and psychiatric evaluations, a cognitive diagnosis was established by consensus. RESULTS: The prevalence found for MCI was 34% and for dementia was 23%. MCI was associated with incomplete high school, OR=1.74 (95%CI=1.23-2.45), and with an age of 70-79 years, OR=1.93 (95%CI=1.47-2.53). A total of 73% of MCI cases were amnestic. Dementia was associated with incomplete primary education, OR=8.98 (95%CI=5.56-14.54), complete primary education, OR=6.23 (95%CI=3.70-10.47), and age older than eighty years, OR=3.49 (95%CI=2.23-5.44). CONCLUSION: The prevalence of dementia found was greater than the rates reported in previous studies. Low educational level was the main risk factor for cognitive impairment and should be considered in strategic planning for the local health system.
publishDate 2017
dc.date.issued.none.fl_str_mv 2017
dc.date.accessioned.none.fl_str_mv 2021-04-08T14:05:37Z
dc.date.available.none.fl_str_mv 2021-04-08T14:05:37Z
dc.type.spa.fl_str_mv Artículo de revista
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dc.identifier.doi.none.fl_str_mv 10.1590/1980-57642016dn11-030008
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identifier_str_mv 10.1590/1980-57642016dn11-030008
url https://repositorio.fucsalud.edu.co/handle/001/1391
dc.language.iso.spa.fl_str_mv eng
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dc.relation.ispartof.none.fl_str_mv Dementia & Neuropsychologia ISSN: 1980-5764. Vol. 11 No. 3 (2017)
dc.relation.citationendpage.spa.fl_str_mv 369
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dc.relation.citationstartpage.spa.fl_str_mv 362
dc.relation.citationvolume.spa.fl_str_mv 11
dc.relation.ispartofjournal.spa.fl_str_mv Dementia & Neuropsychologia
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dc.format.extent.spa.fl_str_mv 8 p.
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dc.publisher.spa.fl_str_mv Asociación Brasileña de Neuropsiquiatría Geriátrica
dc.source.spa.fl_str_mv http://www.demneuropsy.com.br/detalhe_artigo.asp?id=658
institution Fundación Universitaria de Ciencias de la Salud - FUCS
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spelling Pedraza, Olga Luciaebec061b00edebe0a8670073edb61ef8Salazar Montes, Ana Maria922e2fbb81cfd48b491a305ce9792168Sierra, Fabio Alexander6ba6e542f02ce170f1819220b77cb0d9Montalvo, Maria Camila2eabac6ac799034df4018578d8827458Muñoz, Yolandac55dcb0dd89922c91e946a5c6c6ada47Díaz, Jose Miguel7f4ae52b1ae484df9163e883be4a81aeLozano, Angelad7a198e8caebf9ec8a2b943e53480342Piñeros, Cesar12901adbf6338bf5bd2ff12cb47c67c72021-04-08T14:05:37Z20172021-04-08T14:05:37ZAsociación Brasileña de Neuropsiquiatría GeriátricaABSTRACT: The low prevalence of dementia described in communities is likely due to the low sensitivity of screening tests and an absence of evaluation by specialists. OBJECTIVE: To estimate the prevalence of mild cognitive impairment (MCI) and dementia in adults older than 50 years. METHODS: A two-phase, cross-sectional study was conducted by specialists to evaluate cognition and associated demographic risk factors in 1,235 independent community-dwelling adults from Bogotá. In Phase I, screening was performed using the MMSE and MoCA tests. In Phase II, after application of a comprehensive neuropsychological battery with neurologic and psychiatric evaluations, a cognitive diagnosis was established by consensus. RESULTS: The prevalence found for MCI was 34% and for dementia was 23%. MCI was associated with incomplete high school, OR=1.74 (95%CI=1.23-2.45), and with an age of 70-79 years, OR=1.93 (95%CI=1.47-2.53). A total of 73% of MCI cases were amnestic. Dementia was associated with incomplete primary education, OR=8.98 (95%CI=5.56-14.54), complete primary education, OR=6.23 (95%CI=3.70-10.47), and age older than eighty years, OR=3.49 (95%CI=2.23-5.44). CONCLUSION: The prevalence of dementia found was greater than the rates reported in previous studies. Low educational level was the main risk factor for cognitive impairment and should be considered in strategic planning for the local health system.RESUMO: A baixa prevalência de demência relatada em comunidades deve ser devida ao emprego de testes de rastreio de baixa sensibilidade e à falta da avaliação por especialistas. OBJETIVO: Estimar a prevalência de comprometimento cognitivo leve (CCL) e demência em adultos com idade superior a 50 anos. MÉTODOS: Um estudo transversal de duas fases realizado por especialistas, avaliando a cognição e os fatores de risco demográficos associados, com 1.235 adultos autônomos da comunidade em Bogotá. Em uma Fase I, foram realizados os testes de rastreio MEEM e MoCA. Na Fase II, após uma ampla bateria neuropsicológica com avaliações neurológicas e psiquiátricas, foi estabelecido um diagnóstico cognitivo por consenso. RESULTADOS: A prevalência encontrada de CCL foi de 34% e de demência, de 23%. CCL foi associado a ensino médio incompleto, OR=1,74 (IC 95%=1,23-2,45) e idade entre 70-79 anos, OR=1,93 (IC 95%=1,47-2,53). Entre os casos de CCL, 73% eram amnésticos. A demência foi associada a ensino fundamental incompleto, OR=8,98 (IC 95%=5,56-14,54), ensino fundamental completo, OR=6,23 (IC 95%=3,70-10,47) e idade superior a oitenta anos, OR=3,49 (IC 95%=2,23-5,44). CONCLUSÃO: A prevalência de demência encontrada é maior do que a relatada em estudos prévios. O baixo nível educacional foi o principal fator de risco para declínio cognitivo e deve ser considerado no planejamento estratégico do nosso sistema de saúde.http://www.demneuropsy.com.br/detalhe_artigo.asp?id=6588 p.application/pdfMild cognitive impairment (MCI) and dementia in a sample of adults in the city of BogotáComprometimento cognitivo leve (CCL) e demência em uma amostra de adultos na cidade de BogotáArtículo de revistahttp://purl.org/coar/resource_type/c_6501http://purl.org/coar/resource_type/c_2df8fbb1info:eu-repo/semantics/articleinfo:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersionTexthttp://purl.org/redcol/resource_type/ARThttp://purl.org/coar/version/c_970fb48d4fbd8a8510.1590/1980-57642016dn11-030008https://repositorio.fucsalud.edu.co/handle/001/1391engDementia & Neuropsychologia ISSN: 1980-5764. 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